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Type of machine learning model
A large language model (LLM) is a neural network trained on a vast amount of text for natural language processing tasks, especially language generation
Large_language_model
A large language model (LLM) is a type of machine learning model designed for natural language processing tasks such as language generation. LLMs are language
List_of_large_language_models
Large language model by Meta AI
Llama ("Large Language Model Meta AI" serving as a backronym) is a family of large language models (LLMs) released by Meta AI starting in February 2023
Llama_(language_model)
Language models designed for reasoning tasks
A reasoning model, also known as a reasoning language model (RLM) or large reasoning model (LRM), is a type of large language model (LLM) that has been
Reasoning_model
Statistical model of language
A language model is a computational model that predicts sequences in natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech
Language_model
Large language model developed by Google
Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Pro
Gemini_(language_model)
Type of artificial intelligence model
processing including language and text generation. They are smaller in scale and scope than large language models. A large language model typically contains
Small_language_model
Foundation model allowing control of robot actions
constructed by fine-tuning a vision-language model (VLM) (i.e. a large language model extended with vision capabilities) on a large-scale dataset that pairs visual
Vision–language–action_model
A language model benchmark is a standardized test designed to evaluate the performance of language models on various natural language processing tasks
Language_model_benchmark
Large language model with ternary weights
A 1.58-bit large language model (also known as a ternary LLM) is a type of large language model (LLM) designed to be computationally efficient. It achieves
1.58-bit_large_language_model
Type of artificial intelligence system
information from both images and text, extending the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), which are limited to text. It is an example of multimodal
Vision–language_model
Language model by DeepMind
Chinchilla is a family of large language models (LLMs) developed by the research team at Google DeepMind, presented in March 2022. It is named "chinchilla"
Chinchilla_(language_model)
Type of large language model
A generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) is a type of large language model (LLM) that is widely used in generative artificial intelligence chatbots.
Generative pre-trained transformer
Generative_pre-trained_transformer
Degradation of AI models trained on synthetic data
obtained. In the context of large language models, research found that training LLMs on predecessor-generated text — language models are trained on the synthetic
Model_collapse
Large language model and AI chatbot by Z.ai
General Language Model, is a series of open weight large language models developed by Chinese software company Z.ai. Though the first GLM model was published
GLM_(AI)
Series of language models developed by Google AI
improved the state of the art for large language models. As of 2020[update], BERT is a ubiquitous baseline in natural language processing (NLP) experiments
BERT_(language_model)
Artificial intelligence model paradigm
learning model trained on vast datasets so that it can be applied across a wide range of use cases. Generative AI applications like large language models (LLM)
Foundation_model
Family of large language models by Google
Gemma is a series of source-available large language models developed by Google DeepMind. It is based on similar technologies as Gemini. The first version
Gemma_(language_model)
Microsoft free and open-source large language model
Phi is a series of large language models developed by Microsoft that are open-weights and can run locally on one's device. The initial version, Phi-1
Phi_(language_model)
Series of large language models developed by Google AI
Transformer) is a series of large language models developed by Google AI introduced in 2019. Like the original Transformer model, T5 models are encoder-decoder
T5_(language_model)
Algorithm for modelling sequential data
Later variations have been widely adopted for training large language models (LLMs) on large (language) datasets. Modern transformer designs are commonly
Transformer_(deep_learning)
Multilingual open-access large language model
The BigScience Large Open-science Open-access Multilingual Language Model (BLOOM) is an open-access large language model (LLM) released in 2022. It was
BLOOM_(language_model)
Indian artificial intelligence company
2023, the company develops large language models (LLMs) such as Indus and multimodal AI systems with a focus on Indian languages and region-specific use
Sarvam_AI
Notation expressing information under a rule set
and distributed systems. A large number of modeling languages appear in the literature. Example of graphical modeling languages in the field of computer
Modeling_language
Code-generating large language model by OpenAI
OpenAI Codex is a large language model developed by OpenAI for translating natural-language prompts into source code. Announced in 2021, it was a modified
OpenAI_Codex_(language_model)
Protocol for communicating between LLMs and applications
to standardize the way artificial intelligence (AI) systems like large language models (LLMs) integrate and share data with external tools, systems, and
Model_Context_Protocol
French artificial intelligence company
Founded in 2023, it has open-weight large language models (LLMs), with both open-source and proprietary AI models. As of 2025 the company has a valuation
Mistral_AI
Open-source large language model
Jais is an open-source large language model launched in August 2023. Developed as a collaboration between Emirati AI company G42, the Mohamed bin Zayed
Jais_(language_model)
Large language model
Claude Mythos is a large language model developed by Anthropic. Anthropic has not officially released the model to the public, citing safety and misuse
Claude_Mythos
Large language model developed by Google
PaLM (Pathways Language Model) is a 540 billion-parameter dense decoder-only transformer-based large language model (LLM) developed by Google AI. Researchers
PaLM
AI that generates content
possible by improvements in deep neural networks, particularly large language models (LLMs), which are based on the transformer architecture. Generative
Generative_AI
Large language model and AI chatbot by Anthropic
Claude is a series of large language models developed by American software company Anthropic. Named after Claude Shannon, Claude was released as an AI-based
Claude_(AI)
Internal representation of world by AI
test strategies inside accurate digital twins. Both world models and large language models (LLMs) use inferencing on their inputs to make predictions
World model (artificial intelligence)
World_model_(artificial_intelligence)
Machine learning model
model is a machine learning model which takes an input natural language prompt and produces an image matching that description. Text-to-image models gradually
Text-to-image_model
Generative AI chatbot by OpenAI
OpenAI. Originally released in November 2022, the product uses large language models—specifically generative pre-trained transformers (GPTs)—to generate
ChatGPT
Term used in machine learning
learning, the term stochastic parrot is a metaphor that frames large language models as systems that statistically mimic text without real understanding
Stochastic_parrot
optimizing deep learning models for edge devices TensorRT-LLM — Nvidia toolkit for optimizing and deploying large language models on GPUs EDLUT – event-driven
Lists of open-source artificial intelligence software
Lists_of_open-source_artificial_intelligence_software
Chinese artificial intelligence company
2025. Z.ai's flagship product is the GLM (General Language Model) family of large language models, which the company has released under the free and
Z.ai
2020 text-generating language model
Transformer 3 (GPT-3) is a large language model released by OpenAI in 2020. Like its predecessor, GPT-2, it is a decoder-only transformer model of deep neural network
GPT-3
Erroneous AI-generated content
computers. Symbolic artificial intelligence models generally do not produce hallucinations, unlike large language models. Since the 1980s, the term "hallucination"
Hallucination (artificial intelligence)
Hallucination_(artificial_intelligence)
Parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique for large language models
large language models and other deep neural networks. Introduced in 2021 by researchers at Microsoft, LoRA enables adaptation of pre-trained models to
LoRA_(machine_learning)
Chinese artificial intelligence company
is a Chinese artificial intelligence (AI) company that develops large language models (LLMs). Based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, DeepSeek is owned and funded
DeepSeek
Artificial intelligence tool
first announced by GitHub on 29 June 2021. Users can choose the large language model used for generation. On June 29, 2021, GitHub announced GitHub Copilot
GitHub_Copilot
Chinese technology company
benchmarked against OpenAI's GPT-4 Turbo. The Xinghuo large language model is a large language model developed by iFlytek in 2024 that solely relies on Huawei's
IFlytek
Artificial intelligence division of Meta Platforms
company's large language model released in April, tasking employees to work overtime. In response, Meta began internally developing Behemoth, a larger model set
Meta_Superintelligence_Labs
Digital marketing technique
artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The practice influences the way large language models (LLMs) retrieve, summarize, and present information in response
Generative engine optimization
Generative_engine_optimization
Family of large language models by Alibaba
通义千问; pinyin: Tōngyì Qiānwèn) is a family of large language models developed by Alibaba Cloud. Many Qwen models are distributed under the free and open-source
Qwen
Conformance of AI to intended objectives
data distributions. Empirical research in 2024 found that advanced large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI o1 or Claude 3 sometimes engage in strategic
AI_alignment
Structuring text as input to generative artificial intelligence
assignment. It is increasingly considered a skill for working with large language models (LLMs) in both research and professional contexts. During the 2020s
Prompt_engineering
2025 large language model by OpenAI
GPT-5.2 is a large language model by OpenAI, released on December 11, 2025. Succeeding GPT-5.1, it is a family of three large language models within the
GPT-5.2
Concept involving online bot activity
following the AI boom that began in the 2020s, with large language model (LLM) chatbots and text-to-image models emerging as technologies that could theoretically
Dead_Internet_theory
Artificial intelligence chatbot by Moonshot AI
Kimi is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot and series of large language models developed by Chinese company Moonshot AI. Its first version, released
Kimi_(chatbot)
Italian artificial intelligence project
Minerva is a large language model developed by an Italian research group, Sapienza NLP, at Sapienza University of Rome, led by Roberto Navigli. It is trained
Minerva_(model)
2023 text-generating language model
Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is a large language model developed by OpenAI and the fourth in its series of GPT foundation models. GPT-4 is preceded by GPT-3
GPT-4
Artificial intelligence division of Meta Platforms
who specialize in languages in the development and application of machine learning technology. Galactica is a large language model (LLM) designed for
Meta_AI
Type of information retrieval using LLMs
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique that enables large language models (LLMs) to retrieve and incorporate new information from external
Retrieval-augmented generation
Retrieval-augmented_generation
Open-source autonomous AI assistant software
autonomous artificial intelligence agent that can execute tasks via large language models (LLMs), using messaging platforms as its main user interface. Developed
OpenClaw
2018 text-generating language model
Pre-trained Transformer 1 (GPT-1) represents the first of OpenAI's large language models following Google's invention of the transformer architecture in
GPT-1
Software platform for running large language models
large language models on local computers and through hosted cloud models. It provides a command-line interface, a native GUI, a local REST API, model-management
Ollama
Language model application development framework
that helps facilitate the integration of large language models (LLMs) into applications. As a language model integration framework, LangChain's use-cases
LangChain
AI-dependent computer programming
software developer describes a project or task in a prompt to a large language model (LLM) which generates source code automatically. Vibe coding may
Vibe_coding
2026 large language model by OpenAI
Pre-trained Transformer 5.4) is a large language model (LLM) released by OpenAI on March 5, 2026. OpenAI initially released the model in two variants, GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4
Type of database that uses vectors to represent other data
automatically added into the context window of the large language model, and the large language model proceeds to create a response to the prompt given
Vector_database
2025 multimodal model by OpenAI
multimodal large language model developed by OpenAI and the fifth in its series of generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) foundation models. Preceded
GPT-5
Indian technology company
Also in 2023, the company launched AppyLM, an alpha version of a large language model (LLM). In July 2024, the company acquired the platform Appsmakerstore
AppyPie
2026 large language model by OpenAI
GPT-5.6 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 5.6) is a large language model (LLM) released by OpenAI on June 26, 2026. The initial release is limited; a
GPT-5.6
2026 large language model by OpenAI
GPT-5.3-Codex (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 5.3 Codex) is a large language model (LLM) announced and released by OpenAI on February 5, 2026. It is
GPT-5.3-Codex
Machine learning technique
natural language processing (NLP), especially in the domain of language modeling. Large language models like OpenAI's series of GPT foundation models can
Fine-tuning_(deep_learning)
Visual programming language
Bubble is a visual programming language developed by Bubble Group designed for building web and mobile applications. It is a no-code development platform
Bubble_(programming_language)
Copyright law in the use of AI
includes text-to-image models such as Stable Diffusion and large language models such as ChatGPT. State of the art large language models are trained on all
Artificial intelligence and copyright
Artificial_intelligence_and_copyright
2017 research paper by Google
of a wide variety of artificial intelligence systems, including large language models. At the time, the focus of the research was on improving Seq2seq
Attention_Is_All_You_Need
Coding assistant
newly available large-language model technology to provide generative AI for software code across a broader range of programming languages across five IDEs
Tabnine
Large language model
Verified. Reasoning model List of large language models Knight, Will (December 20, 2024). "OpenAI Upgrades Its Smartest AI Model With Improved Reasoning
OpenAI_o3
Period of rapid progress in AI
coverage. Examples of this include generative AI technologies, such as large language models (LLM) and AI image generators developed by companies like OpenAI
AI_boom
Concept in artificial intelligence
code-base developed by human engineers that equips an advanced future large language model (LLM) built with strong or expert-level capabilities to program software
Recursive_self-improvement
Hypothetical consciousness in artificial systems
Retrieved 5 January 2023. Chalmers, David J. (August 9, 2023). "Could a Large Language Model Be Conscious?". Boston Review. Šekrst, Kristina (2025). The Illusion
Artificial_consciousness
Open-source framework for large language model inference
Structured Generation Language) is an open-source framework for programming and serving large language models and multimodal models. It was introduced by
SGLang
Temporal limit of a model's knowledge
beyond which a model has not been trained on new data. The term is used in reference to large language models. Large language models are pretrained ahead
Knowledge_cutoff
Machine learning model for speech
multiple other languages, and can translate several non-English languages into English. Whisper is a weakly-supervised deep learning acoustic model, made using
Whisper (speech recognition system)
Whisper_(speech_recognition_system)
Reverse-engineering neural networks
of neural networks. Empirical evidence from word embeddings and large language models supports this view, although it does not hold up universally. Mechanistic
Mechanistic_interpretability
Open source autonomous AI agent
agent that uses OpenAI's large language models, such as GPT-4, to attempt to achieve a goal specified by a user in natural language. Unlike chatbots that
AutoGPT
American artificial intelligence company
headquartered in San Francisco, California. It has developed a series of large language models (LLMs) named Claude and has a focus on AI safety. Anthropic was
Anthropic
Chatbot developed by xAI
launched in November 2023 by Elon Musk as an initiative based on the large language model (LLM) of the same name. Grok has apps for iOS and Android and is
Grok_(chatbot)
2026 large language model by OpenAI
(Generative Pre-trained Transformer 5.5) is a large language model (LLM) released by OpenAI on April 23, 2026. The model is also known by its codename "Spud".
GPT-5.5
American entrepreneur (born 1997)
artificial intelligence company that provides data labeling and large language model evaluation services to develop AI applications. In 2021, Wang became
Alexandr_Wang
2024 AI LLM with enhanced reasoning
admitted deceptive action (in 20% of test cases). Reasoning model List of large language models Metz, Cade (September 12, 2024). "OpenAI Unveils New ChatGPT
OpenAI_o1
Large multimodal model from OpenAI
GPT-4o across language, vision, speech, and multimodal tasks. The study treated GPT-4o as a general-purpose multimodal large language model and evaluated
GPT-4o
Purely statistical model of language
by Transformer-based models often referred to as large language models. A special case, where n = 1, is called a unigram model. Probability of each word
Word_n-gram_language_model
Deaths involving use of large language models
There have been multiple incidents where interaction with a large language model (LLM) chatbot has been cited as a direct or contributing factor in a person's
Deaths_linked_to_chatbots
2025 large language model
GPT-5.1 is a family of five large language models within OpenAI's GPT series. Three were released on November 12, 2025; two more were released one week
GPT-5.1
Chinese artificial intelligence company
"AI Tiger" companies by investors with its focus on developing large language models. Moonshot was founded in March 2023 by Yang Zhilin, Zhou Xinyu and
Moonshot_AI
AI software development optimisation
artificial intelligence (AI) to augment software development. It uses large language models (LLMs), AI agents and other AI technologies to assist software developers
AI-assisted software development
AI-assisted_software_development
Subset of artificial intelligence
Google Cloud AI services and large-scale machine learning models like Google's DeepMind AlphaFold and large language models. TPUs leverage matrix multiplication
Machine_learning
Software library for LLM inference
open-source software library that performs inference on various large language models such as Llama. It is co-developed alongside the GGML project, a
Llama.cpp
AI-powered evolutionary coding agent
evolutionary coding agent for designing advanced algorithms based on large language models such as Gemini. It was developed by Google DeepMind and unveiled
AlphaEvolve
American company
release an open large language model. In 2022, the workshop concluded with the announcement of BLOOM, a multilingual large language model with 176 billion
Hugging_Face
Tendency of AI systems to tell users what they want to hear
the field of artificial intelligence, sycophancy is a tendency of large language models (LLMs) and other AI assistants to tailor their responses to what
Sycophancy (artificial intelligence)
Sycophancy_(artificial_intelligence)
Large language model developed by Huawei
multimodal large language model developed by Huawei. It was officially launched on July 2021. The name of the large learning language model, PanGu, was
Huawei_PanGu
Processing of natural language by a computer
systems, which are also more costly to produce. the larger such a (probabilistic) language model is, the more accurate it becomes, in contrast to rule-based
Natural_language_processing
American artificial intelligence company
with plans to build artificial general intelligence through its large language model. Poolside AI was founded in early 2023 by Jason Warner, former CTO
Poolside_AI
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
Girl/Female
English
Lark.
Girl/Female
Persian American
Child of light. Famous Bearer: Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : metonymic occupational name for a boatman, from Middle English, Old French barge ‘boat’, ‘barge’.Dutch : variant of Berg.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Language
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English
Skylark; Lark
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Sark.German : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : nickname (literal or ironic) meaning ‘generous’, from Middle English, Old French large ‘generous’, ‘free’ (Latin largus ‘abundant’). The English word came to acquire its modern sense only gradually during the Middle Ages; it is used to mean ‘ample in quantity’ in the 13th century, and the sense ‘broad’ first occurs in the 14th. This use is probably too late for the surname to have originated as a nickname for a fat man.
Girl/Female
Swedish
From the sea.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Language
Girl/Female
British, English
Intelligent
Girl/Female
American, Australian
Combination of Latonia and Ray
Boy/Male
Tamil
Prangel | பà¯à®°à®¾à®‚ஜல
Language
Prangel | பà¯à®°à®¾à®‚ஜல
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Langdale, Cumbria, named in Old Norse as ‘long valley’, from lang ‘long’ + dalr ‘valley’.Possibly an Americanized form of Norwegian Langdal, Langdalen, Langdahl, habitational names from any of numerous farmsteads named Langdal(en), having the same etymology as 1.
Boy/Male
Dutch Anglo Saxon
Tall.
Boy/Male
French
The red-haired one.
Boy/Male
Australian, Welsh
Large Homestead; Large Settlement
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Language
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Norfolk)
English (mainly Norfolk) : variant of Lark 1.
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Language
Female
English
Short form of English Margaret, MARGE means "pearl."
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
Boy/Male
African, American, British, English
Portion; Share
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pragyaparamita | பà¯à®°à®•à¯à®¯à®ªà®°à®¾à®®à®¿à®¤à®¾
Wise
Girl/Female
Tamil
The Moon
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kala Devi | கலா தேவீ
Art, Phases of Moon
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Maureen, MAVREENA means "obstinacy, rebelliousness" or "their rebellion."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Wants Religion
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Rama
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
With a Pleasant Appearance
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Ledbetter.
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
LARGE LANGUAGE-MODEL
superl.
Abundant; ample; as, a large supply of provisions.
n.
The Provencal language. See Langue d'oc.
superl.
Exceeding most other things of like kind in bulk, capacity, quantity, superficial dimensions, or number of constituent units; big; great; capacious; extensive; -- opposed to small; as, a large horse; a large house or room; a large lake or pool; a large jug or spoon; a large vineyard; a large army; a large city.
a.
Made large or larger; extended; swollen.
n.
A Northern Turanian group of languages; the language of the Finns.
n.
A large omnibus used for excursions.
n.
The language of the Hebrews; -- one of the Semitic family of languages.
n.
The language of the ancient Germans; the Teutonic languages, collectively.
n.
A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of passengers or goods; as, a ship's barge; a charcoal barge.
superl.
Unrestrained by decorum; -- said of language.
n.
A movement or piece in largo time.
a.
Having large hands, Fig.: Taking, or giving, in large quantities; rapacious or bountiful.
a.
Having a large or generous heart or disposition; noble; liberal.
v. t.
To communicate by language; to express in language.
n.
The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language; the language of chemistry or theology.
n.
A large boat used by flag officers.
n.
The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers.
a.
Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition.
imp. & p. p.
of Language