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MANFRED EIGEN

  • Manfred Eigen
  • German biophysical chemist (1927–2019)

    Manfred Eigen (German pronunciation: [ˈmanˌfʁeːt ˈaɪ̯ɡn̩] ; 9 May 1927 – 6 February 2019) was a German biophysical chemist who won the 1967 Nobel Prize

    Manfred Eigen

    Manfred Eigen

    Manfred_Eigen

  • Eigen
  • Topics referred to by the same term

    wrestler Frauke Eigen (born 1969) German photographer, photojournalist and artist Manfred Eigen (1927–2019), German biophysicist Michael Eigen (born 1936)

    Eigen

    Eigen

  • Error threshold (evolution)
  • Theoretical limit on rate of mutation

    ability to reproduce, in that environment. It was noted by Manfred Eigen in his 1971 paper (Eigen 1971) that this mutation process places a limit on the number

    Error threshold (evolution)

    Error_threshold_(evolution)

  • Evotec
  • German biopharmaceutical company

    Heinrich Schulte, Rudolf Rigler, Charles Weissmann and Nobel Laureate Manfred Eigen. Eigen won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work measuring ultrafast

    Evotec

    Evotec

    Evotec

  • Ruthild Winkler
  • Austrian biochemist

    Germany, and known for two books she coauthored with Nobel prize winner Manfred Eigen. Her research has concerned fast biochemical reactions, game-theoretic

    Ruthild Winkler

    Ruthild_Winkler

  • Manfred (given name)
  • Name list

    footballer Manfred Dikkers (drummer) Manfred Donike (1933–1995), German cyclist Manfred Eicher (born 1943), German record producer Manfred Eigen (1927–2019)

    Manfred (given name)

    Manfred (given name)

    Manfred_(given_name)

  • Stadtfriedhof (Göttingen)
  • Historic cemetery in Lower Saxony, Germany

    Nernst, Max Planck, Otto Wallach, Adolf Windaus, Richard Zsigmondy and Manfred Eigen. The cemetery is located at the western edge of the city of Göttingen

    Stadtfriedhof (Göttingen)

    Stadtfriedhof (Göttingen)

    Stadtfriedhof_(Göttingen)

  • Peter Schuster (theoretical chemist)
  • Austrian theoretical chemist (1941–2026)

    theoretical chemist known for his work with the German Nobel Laureate Manfred Eigen in developing the quasispecies model. His work has made great strides

    Peter Schuster (theoretical chemist)

    Peter Schuster (theoretical chemist)

    Peter_Schuster_(theoretical_chemist)

  • Stephen Wolfram
  • British-American scientist (born 1959)

    the Santa Fe Institute, along with Nobel laureates Murray Gell-Mann, Manfred Eigen, and Philip Warren Anderson, and future laureate Frank Wilczek. In 1986

    Stephen Wolfram

    Stephen Wolfram

    Stephen_Wolfram

  • List of German Nobel laureates
  • "Karl Ziegler – Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 30 March 2026. "Manfred Eigen – Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 30 March 2026. "Gerhard Herzberg

    List of German Nobel laureates

    List_of_German_Nobel_laureates

  • Quasispecies model
  • Darwinian evolution of self-replicating entities within framework of physical chemistry

    The quasispecies model was put forward by Manfred Eigen and Peter Schuster based on initial work done by Eigen. When evolutionary biologists describe competition

    Quasispecies model

    Quasispecies_model

  • Max Planck Society
  • Association of German research institutes

    in 1963 Feodor Lynen, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1964 Manfred Eigen, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967 Konrad Lorenz, Nobel Prize in Physiology

    Max Planck Society

    Max Planck Society

    Max_Planck_Society

  • Associative substitution
  • Process of exchange of ligands between coordination compounds

    This pathway is called the SN1cB mechanism. The Eigen-Wilkins mechanism, named after chemists Manfred Eigen and R. G. Wilkins, is a mechanism and rate law

    Associative substitution

    Associative_substitution

  • List of University of Göttingen people
  • (with Erwin Schrödinger) Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet – Mathematics Manfred Eigen – Biophysical Chemistry – Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 (with Ronald

    List of University of Göttingen people

    List_of_University_of_Göttingen_people

  • Error catastrophe
  • Loss of genetic information due to mutation rates

    catastrophe occurs is called the error threshold. Both terms were coined by Manfred Eigen in his mathematical evolutionary theory of the quasispecies. The term

    Error catastrophe

    Error_catastrophe

  • Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
  • Research institute in Germany

    institute – Stefan Hell, 2014; Erwin Neher and Bert Sakmann, 1991; and Manfred Eigen, 1967 – were awarded the Nobel Prize. The origins of the institute date

    Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry

    Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biophysical_Chemistry

  • Prion
  • Pathogenic type of misfolded protein

    prions propagate, and why their spontaneous appearance is so rare. Manfred Eigen showed that the heterodimer model requires PrPSc to be an extraordinarily

    Prion

    Prion

    Prion

  • Jacques Piccard
  • Swiss oceanographer and engineer (1922–2008)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Jacques Piccard

    Jacques Piccard

    Jacques_Piccard

  • Autopoiesis
  • System capable of producing itself

    theories of life, including the chemoton of Tibor Gánti, the hypercycle of Manfred Eigen and Peter Schuster, the (M,R) systems of Robert Rosen, and the autocatalytic

    Autopoiesis

    Autopoiesis

    Autopoiesis

  • Arnold Eucken
  • German scientist (1884–1950)

    Chemical Physics" first published in 1930. One of his last PhD students, Manfred Eigen won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967. Eucken killed himself in Seebruck

    Arnold Eucken

    Arnold Eucken

    Arnold_Eucken

  • Flash photolysis
  • Chemical excitation technique

    photograph missiles in flight. The technique was developed in 1949 by Manfred Eigen, Ronald George Wreyford Norrish and George Porter, who won the 1967

    Flash photolysis

    Flash_photolysis

  • Hypercycle (chemistry)
  • Cyclic sequence of self-reproducing single cycles

    differential equation (ODE) form by the Nobel Prize in Chemistry winner Manfred Eigen in 1967 and subsequently further extended in collaboration with Peter

    Hypercycle (chemistry)

    Hypercycle (chemistry)

    Hypercycle_(chemistry)

  • Andrzej Trautman
  • Polish mathematical physicist (1933–2026)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Andrzej Trautman

    Andrzej_Trautman

  • Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology
  • German research institute

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Social_Anthropology

  • List of Nobel laureates by country
  • Physiology or Medicine, 1970 Max Delbrück*, Physiology or Medicine, 1969 Manfred Eigen, Chemistry, 1967 Hans Bethe*, Physics, 1967 Nelly Sachs*, Literature

    List of Nobel laureates by country

    List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country

  • Fritz Haber
  • German chemist (1868–1934)

    Dorothy Hodgkin 1965: Robert Woodward 1966: Robert S. Mulliken 1967: Manfred Eigen / Ronald Norrish / George Porter 1968: Lars Onsager 1969: Derek Barton

    Fritz Haber

    Fritz Haber

    Fritz_Haber

  • Gerald Durrell
  • British naturalist and writer (1925–1995)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Gerald Durrell

    Gerald Durrell

    Gerald_Durrell

  • Temperature jump
  • Method used in chemical kinetics

    chemical relaxation methods pioneered by the German physical chemist Manfred Eigen in the 1950s. In these methods, a reacting system initially at equilibrium

    Temperature jump

    Temperature_jump

  • Edward Teller
  • Hungarian-American physicist (1908–2003)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Edward Teller

    Edward Teller

    Edward_Teller

  • Ulf von Euler
  • Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist (1905–1983)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Ulf von Euler

    Ulf von Euler

    Ulf_von_Euler

  • European Forum Alpbach
  • Austrian nonprofit organisation and foundation

    Jacques Delors Renato Dulbecco Friedrich Dürrenmatt John Carew Eccles Manfred Eigen Gottfried von Einem Amitai Etzioni Paul Feyerabend Indira Gandhi Theodor

    European Forum Alpbach

    European Forum Alpbach

    European_Forum_Alpbach

  • Nim
  • Game of strategy

    Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays, Academic Press, Inc., 1982. Manfred Eigen and Ruthild Winkler: Laws of the Game, Princeton University Press, 1981

    Nim

    Nim

    Nim

  • Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes
  • German organisation sponsoring students

    2020[update] were women.:112 Martin Beneke, physicist, Leibniz Prize 2008 Manfred Eigen, Nobel Prize chemistry 1962, president of the Studienstiftung 1982–1993

    Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes

    Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes

    Studienstiftung_des_deutschen_Volkes

  • Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
  • Research institute in Berlin, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology

    Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Infection_Biology

  • Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
  • Research institute located in Garching, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics

    Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Astrophysics

  • Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
  • German research institute

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems

    Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Intelligent_Systems

  • Bibliotheca Hertziana – Max Planck Institute for Art History
  • Art library in Italy

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Bibliotheca Hertziana – Max Planck Institute for Art History

    Bibliotheca Hertziana – Max Planck Institute for Art History

    Bibliotheca_Hertziana_–_Max_Planck_Institute_for_Art_History

  • Alan Walsh (physicist)
  • British-Australian physicist

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Alan Walsh (physicist)

    Alan Walsh (physicist)

    Alan_Walsh_(physicist)

  • Alfred Hershey
  • American bacteriologist and geneticist (1908–1997)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Alfred Hershey

    Alfred Hershey

    Alfred_Hershey

  • Aage Bohr
  • Danish physicist (1922–2009)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Aage Bohr

    Aage Bohr

    Aage_Bohr

  • Desmond Morris
  • English zoologist, ethologist and artist (1928–2026)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Desmond Morris

    Desmond Morris

    Desmond_Morris

  • Bochum
  • City in Germany

    (1883–1958), theologian, Nazi critic, and co-founder of the Confessing Church Manfred Eigen (1927–2019), 1967 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry Tommy Finke (born

    Bochum

    Bochum

    Bochum

  • Hydrogen ion
  • Hydrogen atom that has gained or lost an electron

    H5O+2 (named for Georg Zundel) Eigen cation: H9O+4 (or H3O+·3H2O) (named for Manfred Eigen) Zundel cations and Eigen cations play an important role in

    Hydrogen ion

    Hydrogen_ion

  • Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
  • Research institute in Leipzig, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences

    Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Human_Cognitive_and_Brain_Sciences

  • List of Nobel laureates
  • Brenton Huggins Shmuel Yosef Agnon; Nelly Sachs None 1967 Hans Bethe Manfred Eigen; Ronald George Wreyford Norrish; George Porter Ragnar Granit; Haldan

    List of Nobel laureates

    List of Nobel laureates

    List_of_Nobel_laureates

  • February 6
  • Day of the year

    2018 – Donald Lynden-Bell, English astrophysicist (born 1935) 2019 – Manfred Eigen, German Nobel Prize winning biophysical chemist (born 1927) 2019 – Rosamunde

    February 6

    February_6

  • Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
  • Research institute in Göttingen, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences

    Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Multidisciplinary_Sciences

  • Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry
  • Research institute in Munich, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry

    Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry

    Max_Planck_Institute_of_Psychiatry

  • Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
  • laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces

    Max_Planck_Institute_of_Colloids_and_Interfaces

  • Max Planck Institute of Biophysics
  • Research institute in Frankfurt, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute of Biophysics

    Max Planck Institute of Biophysics

    Max_Planck_Institute_of_Biophysics

  • George Davis Snell
  • American geneticist

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    George Davis Snell

    George_Davis_Snell

  • Norman Borlaug
  • American agronomist and Nobel Laureate (1914–2009)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Norman Borlaug

    Norman Borlaug

    Norman_Borlaug

  • S. Paul Ehrlich Jr.
  • Surgeon General of the United States

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    S. Paul Ehrlich Jr.

    S. Paul Ehrlich Jr.

    S._Paul_Ehrlich_Jr.

  • Paul Horowitz
  • American physicist (born 1942)

    signatories, including David Baltimore, Melvin Calvin, Francis Crick, Manfred Eigen, Thomas Eisner, Stephen Jay Gould, Matthew Meselson, Linus Pauling,

    Paul Horowitz

    Paul Horowitz

    Paul_Horowitz

  • Biophysical chemistry
  • Field of Study

    the establishment of fundamental biophysical chemistry in Göttingen, Manfred Eigen, the German Nobel Laureate developed it further. In 1971, he improved

    Biophysical chemistry

    Biophysical chemistry

    Biophysical_chemistry

  • Christiaan Barnard
  • South African cardiac surgeon (1922–2001)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Christiaan Barnard

    Christiaan Barnard

    Christiaan_Barnard

  • Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence
  • Research institute in Germany

    taking over as managing director for a specific time. As of February 2024, Manfred Gahr is the managing director of the institute. The MPI-BI emerged in January

    Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biological_Intelligence

  • Max Planck Institute for Coal Research
  • Research institute in Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Coal Research

    Max Planck Institute for Coal Research

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Coal_Research

  • List of Max Planck Institutes
  • laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    List of Max Planck Institutes

    List_of_Max_Planck_Institutes

  • Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light
  • Physics institute in Erlangen, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light

    Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Science_of_Light

  • Chemoton
  • Abstract model for the fundamental unit of life

    is just one of several theories of life, including the hypercycle of Manfred Eigen and Peter Schuster, which includes the concept of quasispecies, the

    Chemoton

    Chemoton

    Chemoton

  • Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies
  • laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies

    Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Societies

  • Seymour S. Kety
  • American neuroscientist

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Seymour S. Kety

    Seymour_S._Kety

  • Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle
  • American physician

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle

    Vernon_Benjamin_Mountcastle

  • Joachim Seelig
  • German physical chemist (1942–2024)

    Cologne. In 1968 he graduated with a doctorate under the guidance of Manfred Eigen at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen.

    Joachim Seelig

    Joachim Seelig

    Joachim_Seelig

  • Peter Thonemann
  • Australian-born British physicist

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Peter Thonemann

    Peter_Thonemann

  • Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize
  • Medicine award

    Massachusetts 1991 Rino Rappuoli, Siena Michio Ui [de], Tokyo 1992 Manfred Eigen, Göttingen ( 1967) 1993 Philippa Marrack, Denver John W. Kappler, Denver

    Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize

    Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize

    Paul_Ehrlich_and_Ludwig_Darmstaedter_Prize

  • Evolution
  • Change in the heritable traits of populations

    Evolution (PhD thesis). Problemata (in German). Vol. 15. Afterword by Manfred Eigen. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog. ISBN 978-3-7728-0373-4

    Evolution

    Evolution

    Evolution

  • List of German chemists
  • Philipp Dulk August Dupré Gustav Ehrhart Felix Ehrlich Arthur Eichengrün Manfred Eigen Alfred Einhorn Bernd Eistert Karl Elbs Alexander Ellinger Gustav Embden

    List of German chemists

    List_of_German_chemists

  • Linus Pauling Award
  • Chemistry award

    Department at Buffalo State College. Source: ACS 1966 – Linus Pauling 1967 – Manfred Eigen 1968 – Herbert C. Brown 1969 – Henry Eyring 1970 – Harold C. Urey 1971

    Linus Pauling Award

    Linus_Pauling_Award

  • Abdus Salam
  • Pakistani theoretical physicist (1926–1996)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Abdus Salam

    Abdus Salam

    Abdus_Salam

  • List of honorary fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry
  • DStJ PC FRS HonFRSC Professor Elias J Corey HonFRSC ForMemRS Professor Manfred Eigen HonFRSC HonFRSE ForMemRS Professor Albert Eschenmoser HonFRSC ForMemRS

    List of honorary fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry

    List_of_honorary_fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Chemistry

  • Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine
  • Molecular biology institute

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine

    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Molecular_Biomedicine

  • C. N. R. Rao
  • Indian chemist (born 1934)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    C. N. R. Rao

    C. N. R. Rao

    C._N._R._Rao

  • Jan Peter Toennies
  • German-American scientist

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Jan Peter Toennies

    Jan_Peter_Toennies

  • Max Planck Institute for Biology
  • Research institute located in Tübingen, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Biology

    Max Planck Institute for Biology

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Biology

  • Max Planck Institute for Tax Law and Public Finance
  • Interdisciplinary research center in Munich, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Tax Law and Public Finance

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Tax_Law_and_Public_Finance

  • Schloss Ringberg
  • 20th-century castle in Bavaria, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Schloss Ringberg

    Schloss Ringberg

    Schloss_Ringberg

  • Jerrold Meinwald
  • American chemist and pharmacologist (1927–2018)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Jerrold Meinwald

    Jerrold Meinwald

    Jerrold_Meinwald

  • Geoffrey W. Hoffmann
  • Australian-Canadian scientist (born 1944)

    obtained a PhD at the Technische Universität Braunschweig as a student of Manfred Eigen for research done at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry

    Geoffrey W. Hoffmann

    Geoffrey_W._Hoffmann

  • German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
  • National academy of Germany

    for instance: Christian Ludwig Brehm Adolf Butenandt James B. Conant Manfred Eigen Albert Einstein (excluded 1933 for being Jewish) Gerhard Ertl Johann

    German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina

    German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina

    German_National_Academy_of_Sciences_Leopoldina

  • List of physicists
  • (1880–1933) Felix Ehrenhaft – Austria-Hungary, United States (1879–1952) Manfred Eigen – Germany (1927–2019) Albert Einstein – Germany, Italy, Switzerland

    List of physicists

    List_of_physicists

  • G. N. Ramachandran
  • Indian physicist (1922–2001)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    G. N. Ramachandran

    G._N._Ramachandran

  • Leslie Orgel
  • British chemist (1927–2007)

    error-catastrophe theory of aging in 1963, (prior to the use of the term by Manfred Eigen for mutational error catastrophe) which has since been experimentally

    Leslie Orgel

    Leslie_Orgel

  • Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
  • (1906-1992), with support from other scientists, including the Nobel Laureate Manfred Eigen. In 1968, the IMB was transformed into the Gesellschaft für Molekularbiologische

    Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research

    Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research

    Helmholtz_Centre_for_Infection_Research

  • Max Planck Institute for Legal History and Legal Theory
  • Research Institute

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Legal History and Legal Theory

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Legal_History_and_Legal_Theory

  • Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
  • German catalysis research institute

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society

    Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society

    Fritz_Haber_Institute_of_the_Max_Planck_Society

  • Bernhard Neumann
  • German-born British mathematician (1909–2002)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Bernhard Neumann

    Bernhard Neumann

    Bernhard_Neumann

  • Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
  • Research institute in Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics

    Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics

    Max_Planck_Institute_of_Molecular_Cell_Biology_and_Genetics

  • Hans Eysenck
  • German-born British psychologist (1916–1997)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Hans Eysenck

    Hans Eysenck

    Hans_Eysenck

  • Deaths in February 2019
  • founder of International Fellowship of Christians and Jews, heart attack. Manfred Eigen, 91, German biophysical chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (1967). Gerald

    Deaths in February 2019

    Deaths_in_February_2019

  • Self-organization
  • Process of forming order by local interactions

    (2007), Self-Organization in Sensor and Actor Networks, Wiley & Sons. Manfred Eigen and Peter Schuster (1979), The Hypercycle: A principle of natural self-organization

    Self-organization

    Self-organization

    Self-organization

  • Arthur Pardee
  • American biochemist (1921–2019)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Arthur Pardee

    Arthur_Pardee

  • David H. Hubel
  • Canadian neurophysiologist (1926–2013)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    David H. Hubel

    David H. Hubel

    David_H._Hubel

  • Max Planck Institute for Brain Research
  • Research institute in Frankfurt, Germany

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for Brain Research

    Max Planck Institute for Brain Research

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_Brain_Research

  • Vassos Karageorghis
  • Cypriot archaeologist (1929–2021)

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Vassos Karageorghis

    Vassos_Karageorghis

  • Ernst Otto Fischer
  • German chemist (1918-2007)

    Fischer was the oldest living German Nobel laureate. He was succeeded by Manfred Eigen, who shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1967 and is nine years younger

    Ernst Otto Fischer

    Ernst Otto Fischer

    Ernst_Otto_Fischer

  • Max Planck Institute for the History of Science
  • Research institute

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Max Planck Institute for the History of Science

    Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_History_of_Science

  • Living Reviews in Relativity
  • Academic journal

    laureates Walther Bothe (1954) Karl Ziegler (1963) Feodor Lynen (1964) Manfred Eigen (1967) Konrad Lorenz (1973) Georges J. F. Köhler (1984) Klaus von Klitzing

    Living Reviews in Relativity

    Living_Reviews_in_Relativity

  • Yuval Ne'eman
  • Israeli scientist

    Jacques-Émile Dubois Gerald Durrell Francisco J. Dy John C. Eccles Paul Ehrlich Manfred Eigen Mohammed El Fasi Ernest L. Eliel Kenneth O. Emery José Rafael Estrada

    Yuval Ne'eman

    Yuval Ne'eman

    Yuval_Ne'eman

AI & ChatGPT searchs for online references containing MANFRED EIGEN

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    English

    ALFRED

    Modern English form of Middle English Alvred, ALFRED means "elf counsel." 

    ALFRED

  • Sabhya
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    Hindu, Indian

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    Mannered

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  • Mannfred
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    British, Danish, English

    Mannfred

    Man of Peace

    Mannfred

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  • Girl/Female

    Sikh

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    Affectionate heart

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  • WINFRED
  • Male

    English

    WINFRED

    Variant spelling of Middle English Winfrid, WINFRED means "friend of peace." 

    WINFRED

  • Manfried
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    German

    Manfried

    Peaceful.

    Manfried

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    English Teutonic

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    Hero's peace.

    Manfrid

  • MAINFRED
  • Male

    French

    MAINFRED

    Norman French form of German Manfred, MAINFRED means "strong peace."

    MAINFRED

  • Manfrid
  • Boy/Male

    American, Anglo, British, English, German, Swedish, Teutonic

    Manfrid

    Man of Peace; Hero's Peace; Peaceful Strength

    Manfrid

  • MANFRID
  • Male

    German

    MANFRID

    Variant spelling of German Manfred, MANFRID means "strong peace."

    MANFRID

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    American, Anglo, Australian, British, Danish, English, French, German, Jamaican, Polish, Swedish, Swiss, Teutonic

    Manfred

    Man of Peace; Hero's Peace; Peaceful Strength; Strong

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  • MANFRIED
  • Male

    German

    MANFRIED

    Variant spelling of German Manfred, MANFRIED means "strong peace."

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  • Boy/Male

    Swedish English German Teutonic

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    Peaceful.

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  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Manford

    English : possibly a habitational name from a lost or unidentified place.

    Manford

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  • Male

    Italian

    MANFREDO

    Italian form of Latin Manfredus, MANFREDO means "strong peace."

    MANFREDO

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  • Female

    Welsh

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    Welsh form of Greek Margarites, MARED means "pearl."

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  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Alfred

    English : from the Middle English personal name Alvred, Old English Ælfrǣd ‘elf counsel’. This owed its popularity as a personal name in England chiefly to the fame of the West Saxon king Alfred the Great (849–899), who defeated the Danes, keeping them out of Wessex, and whose court was a great center of learning and culture.

    Alfred

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    Basque Greek

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    God of wine.

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    Muslim/Islamic

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    Under tree/umberalla

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  • Boy/Male

    Hindu

    Kulish

    Belonging to a good, Noble family

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    Indian

    Anuradha

    Happiness; A Star

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    Hindu

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    Belonging to one, Striving for the absolute

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    Hindu, Indian, Marathi

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    Entrance

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  • Boy/Male

    Irish

    Cillian

    War; strife.

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  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Brann

    English : nickname from Gaelic and Welsh bran ‘raven’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : Hebrew acronym consisting of ben-rabi ‘son of’ + the initials of some personal name (for example Nachman, Nahum, Nathan).

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  • Girl/Female

    Spanish

    Katia

    Pure.

  • Yvette
  • Girl/Female

    French American German

    Yvette

    Yew; archer. Feminine of Yves.

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MANFRED EIGEN

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  • Matured
  • imp. & p. p.

    of Mature

  • Inconcocted
  • a.

    Imperfectly digested, matured, or ripened.

  • Docible
  • a.

    Easily taught or managed; teachable.

  • Overripe
  • a.

    Matured to excess.

  • Boned
  • a.

    Manured with bone; as, boned land.

  • Kanttry
  • n.

    Same as Cantred.

  • Manuring
  • n.

    The act of process of applying manure; also, the manure applied.

  • Manderil
  • n.

    A mandrel.

  • Thewed
  • a.

    Accustomed; mannered.

  • Petardier
  • n.

    One who managed a petard.

  • Manred
  • n.

    Alt. of Manrent

  • Manurial
  • a.

    Relating to manures.

  • Manure
  • v. t.

    To apply manure to; to enrich, as land, by the application of a fertilizing substance.

  • Payable
  • a.

    Matured; now due.

  • Composture
  • n.

    Manure; compost.

  • Manuring
  • p. pr. & vb. n.

    of Manure

  • Tribolet
  • n.

    A tapering mandrel.

  • Manured
  • imp. & p. p.

    of Manure

  • Arbor
  • n.

    A mandrel in lathe turning.

  • Manurer
  • n.

    One who manures land.