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Economic concept
Material input per unit of service (MIPS) is an economic concept, originally developed at the Wuppertal Institute, Germany in the 1990s. The MIPS concept
Material input per unit of service
Material_input_per_unit_of_service
Topics referred to by the same term
Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences, Germany Material input per unit of service, an eco-efficiency indicator Monthly income preferred stock
MIPS
Maximum energy available for use
exergetic material input per unit of service (EMIPS). The concept of material input per unit of service (MIPS) is quantified in terms of the second law of thermodynamics
Exergy
Methodology for assessing environmental impacts
Exergetic material input per unit of service (EMIPS). The concept of material input per unit of service (MIPS) is quantified in terms of the second law of thermodynamics
Life-cycle_assessment
Quantitative economic model
amount of good i needed to produce one unit of good j, so each column lists the inputs a sector consumes per unit of its own output: A = [ 0.5 0.2 0.4 0
Input–output_model
Concept for greenhouse gas emissions analysis
concepts from the 1990s are the "ecological backpack" and material input per unit of service (MIPS). The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB)
Carbon_footprint
Input-output gain of a detector system
usually expressed in units of amperes or volts per watt of incident radiant power. For a system that responds linearly to its input, there is a unique responsivity
Responsivity
Economic theory
constant—at some point, a further incremental unit of input will return a lower amount of output. The law of diminishing returns does not imply a decrease
Diminishing_returns
Amount of separation done by a uranium enrichment process
Separative work unit is not a unit of energy, but serves as a measure of the enrichment services. As of August 2025, spot prices per SWU were $188, though
Separative_work_units
Measurement of resource allocation
side, e.g., the unit production cost or the man hours required to produce one unit. Even though important, input indicators like the unit production cost
Operational_efficiency
1 unit of output to final demand. Next to the inter-industry flows recorded in Z, each industry requires additional inputs (e.g. energy, materials, capital
Environmentally extended input–output analysis
Environmentally_extended_input–output_analysis
IBM floppy data entry terminal (1973)
120 to 155 lines per minute) IBM 3540 Diskette Input/Output Unit (held up to 20 diskettes, for input to/output from mainframe computers such as IBM System/360
IBM_3740
Rate in telecommunications
passes a point in the transmission path of a data transmission system. The DSR is usually expressed in bits per second. The data signaling rate is given
Data_signaling_rate
Transport with sustainable social and environmental impacts
Van Langenhove H., "Exergetic material input per unit of service (EMIPS) for the assessment of resource productivity of transport commodities". Resources
Sustainable_transport
Concept in microeconomics
per incremental unit of a factor of production (input), such as labor, per unit of time. In the case of the labor input, for example, if the wage rate paid
Marginal_factor_cost
process progresses. The extent of the current decrease is determined by the material used for the coil. The energy input per unit area can be calculated and
Electrofusion_welding
for services. Absorption costing is a means of incorporating a fair share of indirect cost or overheads into the cost of a unit of product or service provided
Total_absorption_costing
Maldevelopment - Marine energy - Marine current power - Material efficiency - Material input per unit of service - Medieval demography - Megalopolis (city type)
Index of sustainability articles
Index_of_sustainability_articles
Environmental protection by the global poor
the Passive house and also developed indicators such as the material input per unit of service (MIPS). Karen Bell describes environmental issues that stem
Environmentalism_of_the_poor
Total energy consumed, directly and indirectly, to make a product or service
emjoules. Unit Emergy Values (UEVs) — the emergy required to generate one unit of output. Types of UEVs: Transformity — emergy input per unit of available
Emergy
Graph used in economics
(cost spent on renewable materials e.g equipment) A = average (per unit of output) M = marginal (for an additional unit of output) F = fixed (unadjustable)
Cost_curve
Technological innovations that have historically increased productivity
ratio of (aggregate) output to (aggregate) input in the production of goods and services. Productivity is increased by lowering the amount of labor,
Productivity-improving technologies
Productivity-improving_technologies
Cost advantages obtained via scale of operation
measured by the amount of output produced per unit of cost (production cost). A decrease in cost per unit of output enables an increase in scale that is
Economies_of_scale
16-bit minicomputer from Poland
for 32 input/output devices. At the other end of the scale, a maximally expanded system could include up to 4 MB of memory, a floating point unit (FPU)
K-202
Method in operations research and economics
data: Unit 1 produces 100 items per day, and the inputs per item are 10 dollars for materials and 2 labour-hours Unit 2 produces 80 items per day, and
Data_envelopment_analysis
Property of an electrical circuit
determined by the geometry and materials of the transmission line and, for a uniform line, is not dependent on its length. The SI unit of characteristic impedance
Characteristic_impedance
Device or series of devices that receive, then transmit (relay) a signal
signals. A transponder is typically composed of: an input band-limiting device (an input band-pass filter), an input low-noise amplifier (LNA), designed to
Transponder (satellite communications)
Transponder_(satellite_communications)
Ability of a circuit to increase the power or amplitude of a signal
the input and output have different units; in such cases the gain units must be specified, as in "5 microvolts per photon" for the responsivity of a photosensor
Gain_(electronics)
Process of using materials to produce something
Production is the process of combining various inputs, both material (such as metal, wood, glass, or plastics) and immaterial (such as plans, or knowledge)
Production_(economics)
Ratio between the useful output and the input of a machine
which is measured in units of lumens per watt (lm/w) of electrical input-energy. Unlike efficacy (effectiveness), which is a unit of measurement, efficiency
Energy_conversion_efficiency
represents the square matrix of input coefficients, F {\displaystyle F} denotes releases (such as emissions or waste) per unit of output or the intervention
Waste_input-output_model
Analysis of the movement of substances within various systems
the MFA-related concept of Material Input Per Service unit (MIPS). Stefan Bringezu specified this concept in economy-wide material flow analysis, as screening
Material_flow_analysis
Average measure of the efficiency of production
to a single input or an aggregate input used in a production process, i.e. output per unit of input, typically over a specific period of time. The most
Productivity
of service. Every product has a failure rate, λ which is the number of units failing per unit time. This failure rate changes throughout the life of the
Reliability prediction for electronic components
Reliability_prediction_for_electronic_components
Total cost divided by number of goods produced
or more input markets that increasing its purchases of an input drives up the input's per-unit cost, then the firm could have diseconomies of scale in
Average_cost
MIMO—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output MINIX—MIni-uNIX MIPS—Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages MIPS—Million Instructions Per Second MISD—Multiple
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Approach to production processes
The sales value of a unit after production (output value). The raw material value of a unit before production (input value). The number of direct production
Quality,_cost,_delivery
Polyphonic analogue synthesizer
latching the arpeggiator, multi-mode BBD chorus effect, and voice input for several of Akai's then-contemporary samplers such as the S612, S700, and X7000
Akai_AX60
Combination of losses of goods
paid to the variable input. Inputs include labor, capital, materials, power and land and buildings. Variable inputs are inputs whose use vary with output
Economic_cost
Method used to measure productivity
and Kurosawa, productivity means the quantity and quality of output per one unit of input. Models differ from one another significantly in their calculation
Productivity_model
Concept in macroeconomics
productivity is defined as follows: input consumption per one unit of output volume. The case can be verified easily with the aid of productivity model using output
Growth_accounting
Total effect of entire tariff structure
the effective rate of protection (ERP) is a measure of the total effect of the entire tariff structure on the value added per unit of output in each industry
Effective_rate_of_protection
Amplifier
Sansui designed the AU-11000 with the input, output and speaker terminals on the sides of the unit. The rear of the unit has the power cord and outlets only
Sansui_AU-11000
wastes; the quantity of organic material present in unit area at a particular time mostly expressed as tons of dry matter per unit area; organic matter
Glossary of environmental science
Glossary_of_environmental_science
Equipment used for conveying materials
conveyors must have input and output of material loads moving in the same direction. By using forks many combinations of different input- and output- levels
Conveyor_system
1989 train crash and subsequent oil pipeline rupture in California
at speeds under 25 miles per hour (40 km/h) as this is the speed at which traction is obtained more than heat via the input of friction between the shoes
San_Bernardino_train_disaster
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
The Honda RA6xxH/RBPTH hybrid power units are a series of 1.6-litre, hybrid turbocharged V6 racing engines which from 2014 through to present, featured
Honda V6 hybrid Formula One power unit
Honda_V6_hybrid_Formula_One_power_unit
Set of constraints conceptualised as a border
certain good or service. It is measured in dollars per unit, and includes all the variable costs that alter depending on the level of production. Marginal
Margin_(economics)
Economic theory that determines value based on production costs
Under these assumptions, the long-run price of a commodity is equal to the sum of the cost of the inputs into that commodity, including interest charges
Cost-of-production theory of value
Cost-of-production_theory_of_value
Highest power input allowed to flow through electrical or mechanical equipment
engineering and mechanical engineering, the power rating of equipment is the highest power input allowed to flow through particular equipment. According
Power_rating
Amount of money given in order to purchase a thing or service
currency per unit weight, e.g. euros per kilogram or Rands per KG.) Although prices could be quoted as quantities of other goods or services, this sort of barter
Price
German sustainability research institution
MIPS concept for gauging material input per service unit and identifying "ecological rucksacks" that "carry" products and services when they arrive at the
Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy
Wuppertal_Institute_for_Climate,_Environment_and_Energy
Structure that contains the Saturn rocket guidance system
The Saturn V instrument unit (IU) is a ring-shaped structure fitted to the top of the Saturn V rocket's third stage (S-IVB) and the Saturn IB's second
Saturn_V_instrument_unit
Source or supply from which benefit is produced
produced goods that are in turn used as productive inputs for further production" of goods and services. A typical example is the machinery used in a factory
Resource
Measure of writing, typing, or reading speed
per minute (commonly abbreviated as WPM and sometimes lowercased as wpm) is a measure of words processed in a minute, often used as a measurement of the
Words_per_minute
Measure of change in amplitude and phase of a wave
itself measures the dimensionless change in magnitude or phase per unit length. In the context of two-port networks and their cascades, propagation constant
Propagation_constant
Process to determine the highest profits for a firm
unit input cost, whereas a monopsonist’s input price per unit is higher for higher amounts of the input purchased. The principal difference between short
Profit_maximization
Robotic warehouse for physical objects
throughput up to 750 lines per hour/per operator or more depending on the configuration of the system.[definition needed] ASRS with input on ground level. Automated
Automated storage and retrieval system
Automated_storage_and_retrieval_system
Early electronic digital computing device
error in 100,000 calculations by these units, primarily attributed to lack of control of the sheets' material characteristics. In retrospect, a solution
Atanasoff–Berry_computer
Discussing what form of transport is the most fuel efficient and economical
depending on the unit of distance and on the unit of energy. For liquid fuels, normally the quantity of energy input is measured in terms of the liquid's
Energy efficiency in transport
Energy_efficiency_in_transport
Standards organization
technical international standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems and services. Some 12,575 apply globally. The headquarters is in West
ASTM_International
Sum of all the energy required to produce any goods or services
the effectiveness of energy-producing or energy saving devices, or the "real" replacement cost of a building, and, because energy-inputs usually entail greenhouse
Embodied_energy
AI accelerator ASIC by Google
precision computation (e.g. as little as 8-bit precision) with more input/output operations per joule, without hardware for rasterisation or texture mapping
Tensor_Processing_Unit
Amount of useful work accomplished by a computer
coding theorem, the channel capacity of a given channel is the limiting information rate (in units of information per unit time) that can be achieved with
Computer_performance
Logarithmic unit expressing the ratio of physical quantities
decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a power or root-power quantity
Decibel
Computer output device
April 2021. "How Computers Work: Input and Output". homepage.cs.uri.edu. Retrieved 29 May 2020. "Visual display unit". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins
Computer_monitor
Pointing device used to control a computer
Scientific Service. Benjamin's project used analog computers to calculate the future position of target aircraft based on several initial input points provided
Computer_mouse
Component of a petroleum refinery
alkylation units entered in service in 1940. In 2009 around 1,600,000 barrels per day of capacity were installed worldwide, with an equal share of 800,000
Alkylation_unit
Cost added by producing one additional unit of a product or service
of producing additional quantity. In some contexts, it refers to an increment of one unit of output, and in others it refers to the rate of change of
Marginal_cost
Mainframe computer series, 1960s-1970s
series. Simultaneous input and output was accomplished by the use of intelligent communication channels. Like the IBM 360, two types of channel were available
RCA_Spectra_70
Petroleum conversion process
kilograms per kilogram (5.0 lb/lb) of feedstock, which is equivalent to about 4.66 kilograms per litre (38.9 lb/US gal) of feedstock. Thus, an FCC unit processing
Fluid_catalytic_cracking
American social networking service
networking service owned by SpaceX's artificial intelligence subsidiary SpaceXAI. It is one of the world's largest social media platforms and one of the most-visited
X_(social_network)
Identity regarding anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions
capita, energy intensity (per unit of GDP), and carbon intensity (emissions per unit of energy consumed). It is a concrete form of the more general I = PAT
Kaya_identity
Graph showing the rate of water flow
timing) to a unit input of rainfall. It can be defined as the direct runoff hydrograph (DRH) resulting from one unit (e.g., one cm or one inch) of effective
Hydrograph
Change of pricing based on costs
(or result) of a business changing pricing of its output (products or services) to reflect a change in costs of its own input (materials, labor, etc.)
Pass-through_(economics)
Concept for economic growth without environmental damage
terms of energy inputs per unit of GDP. However, in this situation, total environmental impacts would still be increasing, albeit at a slower pace of growth
Eco-economic_decoupling
Minimum magnitude of input signal to produce a specified output by an electronic device
sensitivity of an electronic device, such as a communications system receiver, or detection device, such as a PIN diode, is the minimum magnitude of input signal
Sensitivity_(electronics)
Programmable machine that processes data
sequencing and control unit can change the order of operations in response to stored information. Peripheral devices include input devices (keyboards, mice
Computer
Method of reusing thermal energy in a building
the unit is extracting heat from the air that needs to be changed (at a rate of around a half an air change per hour). Air entering the house is of course
Heat_recovery_ventilation
Late 19th-century machine for summarizing information stored on punch cards
the 407 was the mainstay of the IBM unit record product line for almost three decades. It was later adapted to serve as an input/output peripheral for several
Tabulating_machine
Interactive world generators
March 2024, was only capable of generating two-dimensional environments. It generates frames of the world from interactive input and previous frames, and
Genie_(world_model)
Economic growth strategy
which reduces the cost of services, inducing investment in DPA.[clarification needed] The cost of producing any unit of output of DPA is inversely proportional
Strategy_of_unbalanced_growth
Gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium
usually measured in units of decibels per unit length of medium (dB/cm, dB/km, etc.) and is represented by the attenuation coefficient of the medium in question
Attenuation
Armored personnel carrier
into service in Spring 2005 with the 172nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team. The 172nd Stryker Brigade deployed to Iraq in August 2005 being the first unit to
Variants_of_the_Stryker
Device used to regulate and circulate air as part of an HVAC system
described here in approximate order, from the return duct (input to the AHU), through the unit, to the supply duct (AHU output). Air filtration is almost
Air_handler
Series of color microcomputers
Japanese-produced version of the Texas Instruments TMS 9927, programmed to provide a screen format of 32 lines with 64 characters per line (see Compucolor
Compucolor
Carrying value of goods sold during a particular period
that the items purchased or produced first are sold first. Costs of inventory per unit or item are determined at the time produces or purchased. The oldest
Cost_of_goods_sold
Branch of agriculture
agriculture, is a type of agriculture, both of crop plants and of animals, with higher levels of input and output per unit of agricultural land area.
Intensive_farming
Clock type
the electric pulse-per-second output is nearly always transferred to a Lavet-type stepping motor that converts the electronic input pulses from the flip-flops
Quartz_clock
Enclosure or protection of products
and material content may be lost. Minimization (also "source reduction") aims to reduce overpackaging. The mass and volume of packaging (per unit of contents)
Packaging
Cooling of air in an enclosed space
without using any energy input or producing pollution. It has the potential to simultaneously alleviate the two major problems of energy crisis and global
Air_conditioning
Video game series
All of the boss patterns have been redesigned by super player, Chantake. Blanche from Cybattler has been rebalanced for arcade scoring. Input latency
Psyvariar
Measure of increase in market value of goods
per unit of labor, materials, energy, and land (less input per widget). The balance of the growth in output has come from using more inputs. Both of these
Economic_growth
Component of IBM mainframe operating systems
successors, a Unit Control Block (UCB) is a memory structure, or a control block, that describes any single input/output peripheral device (unit), or an exposure
Unit_Control_Block
Specialized computer hardware
software running on a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU). Any transformation of data that can be calculated by software running on a CPU can
Hardware_acceleration
Number used to evaluate the performance of an amplifier
is only valid for an input signal of which the noise is Ni=kT0B. The noise figure NF is defined as the noise factor in units of decibels (dB): N F = 10
Noise_figure
Physical components of a computer
and programs, a central processing unit (CPU) with priority of access to the memory, and input and output (I/O) units. Von Neumann used a single bus to
Computer_hardware
British subscription television service
broadband unit, which will be priced at US$25 per-month and include linear cable networks and free ad-supported streaming television (FAST) services from Xumo
Now_(streaming_service)
graphics processing unit. accumulator A register that holds the result of previous operation in ALU. It can be also used as an input register to the adder
Glossary of computer hardware terms
Glossary_of_computer_hardware_terms
Electronic device
external storage media. Alarm event inputs from external security detection devices, usually one per video input. Alarm event outputs from internal detection
Digital_video_recorder
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MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
MATERIAL INPUT-PER-UNIT-OF-SERVICE
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