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Pre-Columbian cultural area in the Americas
Mesoamerica is a historical region and cultural area comprising the modern day lands of central and southern Mexico, all of Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador
Mesoamerica
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Mesoamerica in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Mesoamerica (lit. "mid/middle America") is a historical region and cultural area in southern North
Mesoamerica_(disambiguation)
Prehistoric period in Mesoamerica
In the history of Mesoamerica, the stage known as the Lithic stage (or alternatively, the Paleo-Indian period) is the era in the scheme of Mesoamerican
Lithic_period_in_Mesoamerica
Ritualized practice of self-cutting in Mesoamerica
associated with her genital region. One of the best-known lintels from Mesoamerica, Yaxchilan Lintel 24 (right), shows Lady Xoc drawing a barbed rope through
Bloodletting_in_Mesoamerica
Divides the history of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into several periods
Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation until 3500 BCE)
Mesoamerican_chronology
Account of archaic North American agriculture
Agriculture in Mesoamerica dates to the Archaic period of Mesoamerican chronology (8000–2000 BC). At the beginning of the Archaic period, the Early Hunters
Agriculture_in_Mesoamerica
The geography of Mesoamerica describes the geographic features of Mesoamerica, a culture area in the Americas inhabited by complex indigenous pre-Columbian
Geography_of_Mesoamerica
The Mesoamerica Integration and Development Project, or in Spanish Proyecto Mesoamérica (PM), is a mechanism by which 10 countries centered on Central
Mesoamerica_Project
Aspect of Mesoamerican material culture
that was an important part of the material culture of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. Obsidian was a highly integrated part of daily and ritual life, and
Obsidian_use_in_Mesoamerica
Prehistoric period in Mesoamerica
societies in the region. These developments were not uniform throughout Mesoamerica and often differed regionally. Most Archaic sites are not very well preserved
Archaic_period_in_Mesoamerica
Use of jade in mesoamerica
Jade use in Mesoamerica for symbolic and ideological ritual was highly influenced by its rarity and value among pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, such
Jade_use_in_Mesoamerica
Languages indigenous to Mesoamerica
several hundred different languages and seven major language families. Mesoamerica is also an area of high linguistic diffusion in that long-term interaction
Mesoamerican_languages
Ancient Mesoamerican city
Additionally, Teotihuacan exported fine obsidian tools found throughout Mesoamerica. The city is thought to have been established around 100 BCE, with major
Teotihuacan
Former city-state in the Valley of Mexico
the Natural History of a City." In El Urbanismo en Mesoamérica/Urbanism in Mesoamerica, vol. 1. edited by W.T. Sanders et al., 149–202. Mexico City:
Tenochtitlan
Country in Central America
Guatemala hosted the core of the Maya civilization, which extended across Mesoamerica; in the 16th century, most of this was conquered by the Spanish and claimed
Guatemala
Pre-Columbian indigenous religions in Mesoamerica
Mesoamerican religion is a group of indigenous religions of Mesoamerica that were prevalent in the pre-Columbian era. Two of the most widely known examples
Mesoamerican_religion
Mesoamerican civilization (c. 2000 BC – 1697 AD)
generally low coastline. The territory of the Maya covered a third of Mesoamerica, and the Maya were engaged in a dynamic relationship with neighbouring
Maya_civilization
Most of the ancient civilizations of Mesoamerica such as the Olmec, Maya, Mixtec, Zapotec and Aztec cultures practiced some kind of taking of human trophies
Human trophy taking in Mesoamerica
Human_trophy_taking_in_Mesoamerica
Calendar used by Mesoamerican cultures
used on monuments. The two most widely used calendars in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica were the 260-day tzolkʼin and the 365-day haabʼ. The equivalent Aztec
Mesoamerican Long Count calendar
Mesoamerican_Long_Count_calendar
Regional communications in ancient Mesoamerica are believed to have been extensive. There were various trade routes attested since prehistoric times.
Regional communications in ancient Mesoamerica
Regional_communications_in_ancient_Mesoamerica
Pre-Columbian Maya city in Mexico
which has been the term to describe all types of this statuary found in Mesoamerica). Teobert Maler and Alfred Maudslay explored Chichén in the 1880s and
Chichen_Itza
Ethnic group of central Mexico and its civilization
Mexico in the post-classic period shared essential cultural traits of Mesoamerica. The culture of central Mexico includes maize cultivation, social division
Aztecs
Type of procedure on the skull
Trepanation in Mesoamerica has been practised by a number of pre-Columbian cultures in the Mesoamerican region, dating from at least the mid-Preclassic
Trepanation_in_Mesoamerica
Central deity in Aztec religion
objects have been discovered in burials in archaeological sites throughout Mesoamerica, and potentially symbolized patterns witnessed in hurricanes, dust devils
Quetzalcōātl
Gender roles existed in Mesoamerica, with a sexual division of labour meaning that women took on many domestic tasks including child-rearing and food
Gender roles in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica
Gender_roles_in_pre-Columbian_Mesoamerica
Structured system of communication
families of South America, the Uto-Aztecan, Oto-Manguean, and Mayan of Mesoamerica, and the Na-Dene, Iroquoian, and Algonquian language families of North
Language
Historical period of Mesoamerica, 200–950 CE
occurred until the third century A.D. During the first part of this era, Mesoamerica was dominated by Teotihuacan. Beginning in the fourth century A. D.,
Mesoamerican_Classic_period
The emergence of metallurgy in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica occurred relatively late in the region's history, with distinctive works of metal apparent in
Metallurgy in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica
Metallurgy_in_pre-Columbian_Mesoamerica
Mesoamerican crop growing system
field for growing food crops and a crop-growing system used throughout Mesoamerica, especially in the Yucatán Peninsula, in Mexico. The word milpa derives
Milpa
Culinary traditions of Mesoamerica
which remain in use today. Hernán Cortés introduced rice and wheat to Mesoamerica, prior to which time milpa (known as the cornfield) was one of the main
Mesoamerican_cuisine
Weapon used by pre-columbian mesoamericans
time of the Spanish conquest, the macuahuitl was widely distributed in Mesoamerica. The weapon was used by different civilizations, including the Aztec
Macuahuitl
body alteration) was practiced by the members of the Aztec Empire in Mesoamerica. Many times the body modification was used in ritual or ceremonial practices
Aztec_body_modification
present-day Ecuador. Soon after domestication, the tree was introduced to Mesoamerica, where cacao drinks gained significance as an elite beverage among cultures
History_of_chocolate
Domesticated plants of Mesoamerica, established by agricultural developments and practices over several thousand years of pre-Columbian history, include
Domesticated plants of Mesoamerica
Domesticated_plants_of_Mesoamerica
Dogs in Mesoamerica of various sorts are known to have existed in prehispanic times as shown by archaeological and iconographical sources, and the testimonies
Dogs_in_Mesoamerica
Prehistoric period in the Americas
Woodland period 1000 BC – AD 1000 Classic stage AD 500–1200 Post-Classic stage after 1200 See also List of archaeological periods (Mesoamerica) v t e
Formative_stage
Pre-Columbian cultural region of North America
proposed by German-Mexican anthropologist Paul Kirchhoff, who also coined Mesoamerica and Aridoamerica, and is used by some scholars, primarily Mexican anthropologists
Oasisamerica
pp. 535–37. Kay A. Read, "Cannibalism" in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerica, New York: Oxford University Press 2001, vol. 1 p. 138. De Landa, Diego
Cannibalism_in_the_Americas
Topics referred to by the same term
various indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica and northern Central America Maya civilization, pre-Columbian culture of Mesoamerica and northern Central America
Mayan
Historic period
Monte Albán in Oaxaca and the Maya cities of the highlands. Northern Mesoamerica was plagued by ecological disaster caused by prolonged draughts, leading
Mesoamerican Postclassic period
Mesoamerican_Postclassic_period
Earliest known major Mesoamerican civilization
Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco from roughly 1200 to 400 BC during Mesoamerica's formative period. They are known as one of the cradles of civilization
Olmecs
Food produced from cacao seeds
Ecuador, by the Mayo-Chinchipe culture, before it was introduced to Mesoamerica. It is unknown when chocolate was first consumed as opposed to other
Chocolate
Indigenous people of Mesoamerica
Spanish: [ˈmaʝa]) are an ethnolinguistic group of Indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica. Maya peoples are generally descended from the same populations that
Maya_peoples
Archaeological site in Mexico
Chiapa de Corzo is an archaeological site of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica located near the small town of Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas. It rose to prominence
Chiapa de Corzo (Mesoamerican site)
Chiapa_de_Corzo_(Mesoamerican_site)
Indigenous American sacred items
bundle without the proper ritual and ceremony portends disaster. In Mesoamerica, the 'bundle' as an idea, image and word, is seen as both the container
Sacred_bundle
Fatty seed of Theobroma cacao
introduced in Mesoamerica. Cacao was consumed by pre-Hispanic cultures in spiritual ceremonies, and its beans were a common currency in Mesoamerica. The cacao
Cocoa_bean
Ancient Mesopotamian civilization from 3300 to 1900 BC
Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian
Sumer
U.S. state
the Mississippi River Valley east of Texas; and the civilizations of Mesoamerica, which were centered south of Texas. Influence of Teotihuacan in northern
Texas
Mesoamerican writing system
Zapotec culture and represents one of the earliest writing systems in Mesoamerica. Rising in the late Pre-Classic era after the decline of the Olmec civilization
Zapotec_script
Aztec moon deity
Metztli Moon deity Metztli as depicted in the Codex Borgia Symbol Moon, rabbit Region Mesoamerica Ethnic group Aztec
Metztli
Species of tropical fruit plant
genus Carica of the family Caricaceae. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day southern Mexico and Central America. It is grown in
Papaya
Mayan god
the underworld. Camazotz means "death bat" in the Kʼicheʼ language. In Mesoamerica generally, the bat is often associated with night, death, and sacrifice
Camazotz
Country in South America
territory of Colombia was a corridor of early human civilization from Mesoamerica and the Caribbean to the Andes and Amazon basin. The oldest archaeological
Colombia
2001 turn-based strategy video game
Sid Meier's Civilization III is the third installment of the Sid Meier's Civilization turn-based strategy video game series. It was released in 2001, and
Civilization_III
Language family spoken in Mesoamerica
The Mayan languages are a language family spoken in Mesoamerica, both in the south of Mexico and northern Central America. Mayan languages are spoken
Mayan_languages
Mythologically significant animal of the Western Hemisphere
of the transformation of a religious authority is well-documented in Mesoamerica and South America and is in particular demonstrated in the various Olmec
Jaguars in Mesoamerican cultures
Jaguars_in_Mesoamerican_cultures
Collection of four statues in Mesoamerica
anthropomorphic statues belonging to the Toltec culture in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. These figures are "massive statues of Toltec warriors". They take their
Atlantean_figures
Indigenous civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica
pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica. Archaeological evidence shows that their culture originated at least
Zapotec_civilization
and the Yurok and Klamath of California, were known to keep slaves. In Mesoamerica, the most common forms of slavery were those of prisoners of war and
Slavery in pre-Columbian America
Slavery_in_pre-Columbian_America
Mesoamerica, along with Mesopotamia and China, is one of three known places in the world where writing is thought to have developed independently. Mesoamerican
Mesoamerican_writing_systems
There are many different gods of rain in different religions: Anẓar, god of rain in Berber mythology. Achek, wife of the rain god Deng in Dinka mythology
List_of_rain_deities
Literature written in or related to indigenous Mesoamerica
around the mid-1st millennium BCE. Many of the pre-Columbian cultures of Mesoamerica are known to have been literate societies, who produced a number of Mesoamerican
Mesoamerican_literature
Species of hominid in the genus Homo
World over the following millennia. It also occurred independently in Mesoamerica (about 6,000 years ago), China, Papua New Guinea, and the Sahel and West
Human
The history of altars in Mesoamerica is complex. From its original purpose for the worshipping of gods and human sacrifice, the altar transitioned from
Altars_in_Mesoamerica
Country in North America
as old as 28,000 BC have been proposed for less securely dated sites. Mesoamerica, considered a cradle of civilization, was home to numerous advanced societies
Mexico
Historical period of Mesoamerica, 1200–400 BCE
attribute that points to purely sedentary societies. In the case of Mesoamerica, it is estimated that the production of ceramics must have started between
Mesoamerican Preclassic period
Mesoamerican_Preclassic_period
that could be seen but not interacted with. Mirrors in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica were fashioned from stone and served a number of uses, from the decorative
Mirrors in Mesoamerican culture
Mirrors_in_Mesoamerican_culture
Pre-Columbian copper artifacts
(Spanish: Tajaderos) refer to copper artifacts found in both western Mesoamerica and the northern Andes. Based on ethnohistorical, archaeological, chemical
Axe-monies
Study of the archaeology of North, Central and South America and the Caribbean
The archaeology of the Western Hemisphere, including North America (Mesoamerica), Central America, South America and the Caribbean, includes the study
Archaeology_of_the_Americas
Pyramid structure in Mexico
Sun is the largest building in Teotihuacan, and one of the largest in Mesoamerica. It is believed to have been constructed about 200 AD. Found along the
Pyramid_of_the_Sun
Mesoamerican stela
limestone slab contains about 535 glyphs of the Isthmian script. One of Mesoamerica's earliest known written records, this Epi-Olmec culture monument not
La_Mojarra_Stela_1
Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican architectural style
most commonly used in platforms, temples, and pyramids in Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, becoming popular in the Early Classic Period of Teotihuacan. Talud-tablero
Talud-tablero
American actor and filmmaker (born 1956)
notice for directing the action-adventure film Apocalypto (2006), set in Mesoamerica during the early 16th century. His notable acting roles during this period
Mel_Gibson
Central deity in Aztec religion
at the time of the Spanish Conquest, and was known throughout most of Mesoamerica. Representations of the god have been found as far away as Tazumal in
Xipe_Totec
Pre-Columbian civilization in Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico
southern Gulf Coast and a group of sedentary Chichimeca from northern Mesoamerica. The former of these is believed to have composed the majority of the
Toltec
Calendar year
Year 1179 (MCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. April 10 – A Crusader army, led by King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem ("the
1179
Calendar used in some situations such as financial markets
The 360-day calendar is a method of measuring durations used in financial markets, in computer models, in ancient literature, and in prophetic literary
360-day_calendar
influential civilizations in Mesoamerica was the Olmec civilization, sometimes referred to as the "Mother Culture of Mesoamerica." The later civilization
Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico
Building traditions of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica
architectural traditions produced by pre-Columbian cultures and civilizations of Mesoamerica, traditions which are best known in the form of public, ceremonial and
Mesoamerican_architecture
Calendar year
Year 901 (CMI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. February – King Louis III (the Blind) is crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by
901
Calendar year
Year 564 (DLXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 564 for this year has been used since the early medieval
564
Calendar year
Year 374 (CCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Augustus
374
Calendar year
Year 1115 (MCXV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. September 14 – Battle of Sarmin: The Crusaders, under Prince Roger of Salerno
1115
Mexican hominy and meat soup
peppers, onion, garlic, radishes, avocado, salsa or limes. Known in Mesoamerica since the pre-Columbian era, the stew is common across Mexico and neighboring
Pozole
Uto-Aztecan language of Mexico
spoken by the residents of Tenochtitlan to become a prestige language in Mesoamerica. Following the Spanish conquest, Spanish colonists and missionaries introduced
Nahuatl
Step pyramid in the Mayan city of Chichen Itza in Tinúm, Mexico
with this pattern, detected both in the Maya Lowlands and elsewhere in Mesoamerica, the north (and main) face of the temple of Kukulcán at Chichén Itzá
El_Castillo,_Chichen_Itza
Language family of Mesoamerica
Mazahua have over 500,000 speakers combined. In the linguistic world of Mesoamerica, the Otomanguean family stands out as the most diverse and extensively
Oto-Manguean_languages
Part of the Maya calendric system
was a 365-day calendar used by many of the pre-Columbian cultures of Mesoamerica. The Haabʼ comprises eighteen months of twenty days each, plus an additional
Haabʼ
Mesoamerican sweat lodge
is a type of sweat lodge, which originated with indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica. The term temazcal comes from the Nahuatl language, either from the words
Temazcal
Group of languages spoken in Mesoamerica
containing many of the languages natively spoken in the cultural area of Mesoamerica. This sprachbund is defined by an array of syntactic, lexical and phonological
Mesoamerican_language_area
Aztec view of the world
the Aztecs to refer to their world. It corresponds to the modern term Mesoamerica. The Aztec people who came from Aztlán and settled in Tenochtitlan (today's
Cemanahuac
Ritualistic killing of humans in pre-Columbian cultures
practice of human sacrifice in pre-Columbian cultures—particularly those in Mesoamerica and South America—is well documented both in the archaeological records
Human sacrifice in pre-Columbian cultures
Human_sacrifice_in_pre-Columbian_cultures
Symbols that communicate ideas but not language
Proto-writing consists of visible marks communicating limited information. Such systems emerged from earlier traditions of symbol systems in the early
Proto-writing
Sierra de Guadalupe Sinagua St. Johns Thule Troyville Weeden Island Mesoamerica Mesoamerican chronology Acolhua Altepetl Ameca Azcapotzalco Cabécar Calixtlahuaca
List of pre-Columbian cultures
List_of_pre-Columbian_cultures
Writing system of the Maya civilization
is historically the native writing system of the Maya civilization of Mesoamerica and is the only Mesoamerican writing system that has been substantially
Maya_script
Aztec deity
This article relating to a myth or legend from Mesoamerica is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.
Mictēcacihuātl
Calendar year
Year 1152 (MCLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Spring – King Baldwin III and his mother, Queen Melisende, are called to
1152
Calendar year
Year 760 (DCCLX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 760 for this year has been used since the early medieval
760
Calendar year
Year 909 (CMIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. It was the 909th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations
909
Archaeological site that defines a culture
In archaeology, a type site (American English) or type-site (British English) is the site used to define a particular archaeological culture or other typological
Type_site
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MESOAMERICA
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