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In criminal law, extenuating circumstances
In criminal law, a mitigating factor, also known as an extenuating circumstance, is any information or evidence presented to the court regarding the defendant
Mitigating_factor
Reduction of something harmful or the reduction of its harmful effects
in law, mitigating factors may cause a crime to be considered less serious, or provide a reason to make a punishment less severe. Mitigation of the effects
Mitigation
American mass murderer (1941–1991)
high that night, but then he undercut the idea that the drugs were a mitigating factor, asserting he could just as well have "done it sober". Speck's jury
Richard_Speck
Legal concept regarding a defendant's state of mind
Kingdom, Ireland, and the United States, use of the defense is rare. Mitigating factors, including things not eligible for the insanity defense such as intoxication
Insanity_defense
2022 child murder in Texas, U.S.
re-offend and commit criminal violence, and decided there was no mitigating factor in favor of life without parole for the defendant. After Horner's
Murder_of_Athena_Strand
Term used in law
Hugh, ed. (1911). "Aggravation". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 375. Hate crime Mitigating factor v t e
Aggravation_(law)
1989 United States Supreme Court case
Texas law did not allow the jury to give adequate consideration as a mitigating factor to Johnny Paul Penry's intellectual disability at the sentencing phase
Penry_v._Lynaugh
2023 shooting in Ocala, Florida, US
history of mental illness and addiction", but did not accept it was a mitigating factor in sentencing. According to an arrest affidavit and law-enforcement
Killing_of_Ajike_Owens
1992 child murder in Madison, Indiana, US
September 2019. Rippey was sentenced to 60 years, with 10 years suspended for mitigating circumstances, plus 10 years of medium-supervision probation. On appeal
Murder_of_Shanda_Sharer
One of the three forces in Islamic republic of Iran
it was death penalty for both). Mitigating factor: repentance, lack of evidence, (see adultery's mitigating factors)[citation needed] Takhfiz (non-penetrative
Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Judicial_system_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran
Homicide criminal charge less culpable than murder
manslaughter is a lesser included offense of murder. The traditional mitigating factor was provocation; however, others have been added in various jurisdictions
Manslaughter
Termination of an intimate relationship
several mitigating factors that can either minimize or amplify the extent to which one feels the consequences of a breakup. The list of potential factors that
Breakup
Unlawful killing of a human with malice
murder requires the mental element known as malice aforethought. Mitigating factors that weigh against a finding of intent to kill, such as "loss of control"
Murder
aggravating factors outweigh the mitigating factors for a recommendation for a death sentence. Should less than eight jurors find that the aggravating factors do
Capital_punishment_in_Florida
Principle in law
27 August 2013, accessed 1 June 2021 Davies, G., Mitigating loss: Get the balance right, published 9 June 2015, accessed 12 May 2021 Mitigating factor
Mitigation_(law)
Animal unusually small for its species
labor-intensive birth assistance has been identified as a major mitigating factor in runt mortality and future outcomes; however, such a strategy is
Runt
Legal term for a jury that cannot agree on a verdict
treated the same as unanimous ones, for example they are not taken as a mitigating factor during sentencing. It is not possible to have a hung jury in Scotland
Hung_jury
Concept in criminal jurisprudence
compensation to the victim of a tort in the civil law. An excuse provides a mitigating factor for a group of persons sharing a common characteristic. Justification
Excuse
U.S. research consortium
effect on jury failure to find mitigating factors. If the victim were white there was more failure to find mitigating factors. There is evidence from the
Capital_Jury_Project
12-year old American girl executed in 1786
murder. Although Ocuish's youth was considered, it could not be a mitigating factor, so the judge decided: "The sparing of you on account of your age
Hannah_Ocuish
mitigating circumstance prior to the stating of special reasons for inflicting the death sentence. The Supreme Court recognized that the mitigating factors
Capital_punishment_in_India
Colombian paramilitary leader
admiration for the political cause of the AUC, which they saw as a mitigating factor. After his extradition to the United States, Mancuso continued to
Salvatore_Mancuso
2002 murder in Phoenix, Arizona
courts that his family "cared about him" as a reason to consider mitigating factors in the attempts to have his death sentence commuted. Before the murder
Murder_of_Charles_Perez
American murderer
of the murder, which was considered at the time by the court as a mitigating factor. He received two 45-year sentences. The only hard piece of evidence
Sarah_Jo_Pender
Criminal law defense
abusive childhood as mitigating evidence. Prior to 1978, the capital statute of Ohio had placed limitations on what mitigating factors the defense could
Abuse_defense
Method of computer access control
Jakobsson, Markus; Memon, Nasir (2017). "Mind your SMSes: Mitigating Social Engineering in Second Factor Authentication". Computers & Security. 65: 14–28. doi:10
Multi-factor_authentication
Hong Kong serial killer on death row in the U.S.
direction, that the abuse he suffered at the hands of his father was a mitigating factor, and that his good behavior behind bars showed that he should be imprisoned
Charles_Ng
German field marshal (1882–1946)
orders" to be considered a mitigating factor, it found Keitel's crimes were so egregious that "there is nothing in mitigation". In its judgment against
Wilhelm_Keitel
Criminal defense of following the orders of a superior
superior orders" is not a defense for war crimes, although it might be a mitigating factor that could influence a sentencing authority to lessen the penalty
Superior_orders
Protest against defence contractor in UK
the deaths of Palestinian civilians as an aggravating, rather than mitigating factor. However, the Judicial Conduct Investigations Office only deals with
2024 Filton Elbit Systems break-in
2024_Filton_Elbit_Systems_break-in
weighs all the mitigating factors. This ruling also established that a defendant's mental disorder must be considered as a mitigating factor in sentencing
Timeline of disability rights in the United States
Timeline_of_disability_rights_in_the_United_States
German serial killer
psychiatric hospital. His habitual abuse of alcohol was considered a mitigating factor, as it diminished his mental capacity. Honka was released from prison
Fritz_Honka
Largest naval battle of World War II and history
confusion by his force nearly running aground on Panaon Island after failing to factor the outgoing tide into their approach. Japanese radar was almost useless
Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf
Rwandan serial killer
cooperation with authorities and apparent remorse, which they cited as a mitigating factor. The High Court in Kigali rejected the appeal on 11 July, upholding
Denis_Kazungu
American murderer, musician, and painter (born 1947)
panel cited Beausoleil's youthful offender status as having been a mitigating factor in his crime. They noted that, during his nearly half-century of incarceration
Bobby_Beausoleil
1993 murder of Iranian American man in Florida, US
Court of Florida ruled that Puccio should not be executed due to mitigating factors, so his death sentence was vacated and he was resentenced to life
Murder_of_Bobby_Kent
Malaysian wildlife smuggler
Wong's plea of guilt is a mitigating factor. It is trite law that the fact Wong was the first offender is another mitigating factor". Speaking in 2015, Daniel
Wong_Keng_Liang
Late-WWII war crime committed in Austria
(Endphaseverbrechen), a classification that was frequently regarded as a mitigating factor in legal proceedings. Fifteen individuals were ultimately criminally
Stein_Prison_massacre
Answer to a claim made by someone in a common law criminal case
a more lenient punishment for the defendant, thus being a type of mitigating factor in sentencing. However, in some other legal systems, pleading guilty
Plea
1978 United States Supreme Court case
discretion to consider at least some mitigating factors, rather than being limited to a specific list of factors. On January 15, 1975, Sidney Cohen was
Lockett_v._Ohio
American convicted child molestor and murderer (born 1946)
for Crain, whose defence of a troubled childhood was rejected as a mitigating factor by the jury. Circuit Judge Barbara Fleischer, the trial judge, was
Willie_Crain_Jr.
Mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital documents
system, although it still requires an attacker to possess the card. A mitigating factor is that private keys, if generated and stored on smart cards, are
Digital_signature
American financier and con artist (1938–2021)
sorry. I know that doesn't help you. Judge Chin had not received any mitigating factor letters from friends or family testifying to Madoff's good deeds.
Bernie_Madoff
2001 book by Emmanuel Todd
though he underscores the adaptability of the U.S. economy as a mitigating factor. Moreover, Todd emphasizes the importance of restructuring global
After_the_Empire
in which humor is interpreted as dismissive or undermining rather than mitigating. A 2021 study, that examined the relationship between drunk texting and
Hurtful_communication
sentence on Korkoneas for the murder of Grigoropoulos, rejecting the mitigating factor of his previous criminal record that had led to his release from prison
Murder of Alexandros Grigoropoulos
Murder_of_Alexandros_Grigoropoulos
British musician (born 1961)
Defence counsel presented the effects of his long-term drug use as a mitigating factor. On 16 January 2009, Boy George was sentenced to 15 months' imprisonment
Boy_George
1995 air-rage incident
"Spy 100" list of the least likable things about each year; as a mitigating factor it noted that Finneran's behavior was more entertaining than any in-flight
United_Airlines_Flight_976
1976 U.S. Supreme Court case upholding the death penalty
present mitigating evidence to the jury. The Court concluded that this special issue would allow for the same extensive consideration of mitigating evidence
Gregg_v._Georgia
abortion, which was punished with time in prison and considered, as a mitigating factor, abortions that were done to hide the dishonor of the mother. The
Abortion_in_Portugal
American murderer
incompetent because they failed to prove that his mental disability was a mitigating factor, and that his death sentence was unconstitutional because of that
Randy_Schoenwetter
Legal defence of diminished responsibility
to punishment, intoxication may be a mitigating factor that decreases a prison or jail sentence. Numerous factors affect the applicability of the defense
Intoxication_defense
July 1997 Oder River flood
the unprecedented magnitude of the disaster was seen by some as a mitigating factor. Numerous charities provided aid to those affected by the floods.
1997_Central_European_flood
Executed by the state of Texas 2000
allowed the death penalty for 17 year olds. Youth was considered a mitigating factor at sentencing. Graham's post-conviction claims argued that the Texas
Shaka_Sankofa
Indian terrorist
crime cases pleas of delay in execution of death sentence cannot be a mitigating factor. In 2005, Bhullar wrote to the German chancellor to put diplomatic
Devinder_Pal_Singh_Bhullar
Distribution of income or wealth between different groups
taxation is an indicator for the effects of such taxation. An important factor in the creation of inequality is variation in individuals' access to education
Economic_inequality
Idea about population growth and food supply
rapidly, due to the potential severity and unpredictable results of the mitigating factors involved, as compared to the relatively slow time scales and well-understood
Malthusianism
aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing
Capital punishment in the United States
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
1988 fire in Los Angeles, California
application of fireproofing on support members was a significant mitigating factor. The fireproofing used to protect the steel was Monokote supplied
First_Interstate_Tower_fire
Use of Children In World War 2
being party to a shooting of a prisoner of war. The youths' age was a mitigating factor in their sentencing. Children in the military Himeyuri students History
Military use of children in World War II
Military_use_of_children_in_World_War_II
2003 child murder in Ontario, Canada
foreign soil. Trial and punishment in the other country is seen as a mitigating factor, but does not preclude further imprisonment or execution in the People's
Murder_of_Cecilia_Zhang
2020 United States Supreme Court case
held that an appellate court—not a jury—must reweigh the mitigating and aggravating factors in a death-penalty habeas corpus case after an Eddings error
McKinney_v._Arizona
British double murderer
unprovoked nature of the attacks as aggravating factors indicating more guilt, while disregarding the mitigating factor of mental disability since the psychiatric
Nicola_Edgington
American murderer
alcohol before the offense, a point his defense team raised as a mitigating factor affecting his behavior. Prosecutors, however, contended that Amber
Wendell_Grissom
Mental disorder associated with trauma
e.g., while seeking disability benefits, or when PTSD could be a mitigating factor at criminal sentencing the potential for under-reporting, e.g., stigma
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic_stress_disorder
American murder case
jurors found that the testimony of Jones's ex-wife, Sandra Lane, was a mitigating factor. Although Lane testified that Jones raped her in his apartment two
Murder_of_Tracie_McBride
weighs all the mitigating factors. This ruling also established that a defendant's mental disorder must be considered as a mitigating factor in sentencing
Bigby_v._Dretke
Symptoms reported by US and Canadian officials abroad
mechanism of injury, process of exposure, effective treatment, or mitigating factor for the unexplained cluster of symptoms experienced by those stationed
Havana_syndrome
International labor pool of workers
1970s in the wake of other forces of globalization. The global economic factors driving the rise of multinational corporations—namely, cross-border movement
Global_workforce
Murder of American student
crimes, and that he was a model prisoner. Jurors did not accept these mitigating factors and handed down the death sentence. On July 30, 2010, Judge Robert
Murder_of_Brianna_Denison
1994 kidnapping and murder of a woman in Jacksonville, Arkansas
during his trial. He argued his defense counsel failed to present mitigating factors, such as his childhood abuse and trauma, during the sentencing phase
Murder_of_Stacy_Errickson
Audio synthesis technique
the polyphony of sample-based machines is generally a lot higher. A mitigating factor is, however, that in order to include more detail, multiple samples
Sample-based_synthesis
Life sentence that lasts until the death of the prisoner
sentence prior to consideration of additional aggravating factors and of any mitigating factors. A 30-year minimum should also apply to the worst single
Life imprisonment in England and Wales
Life_imprisonment_in_England_and_Wales
Fictional character created by Stephen King
balance is that which becomes imbalanced and even prejudiced, the mitigating factor here is that Flagg is not an originator of evil - he is just caught
Randall_Flagg
2015 American criminal case
admitted to only limited prior experience with alcohol as a putative mitigating factor. However, evidence recovered from his cell phone texts recorded in
People_v._Turner
American anti-death penalty activist (1946–2017)
The Gregg decision required courts to consider "compassionate or mitigating factors stemming from the diverse frailties of humankind," so Holdman decided
Scharlette_Holdman
2006 United States Supreme Court case
instructed to consider specified aggravating and mitigating factors, including the catchall mitigating factor in California Penal Code § 190.3(k), which directed
Ayers_v._Belmontes
2018 breach of customer data
Airways £183.39 million; after further analysis and consideration of mitigating factors this was reduced to a £20 million penalty issued in October 2020.
British_Airways_data_breach
Type of extramarital sex
or provocation or the behaviour of the victim can be invoked as a mitigating factor in sentencing. In recent decades, feminists and women's rights organizations
Adultery
2016 child abuse and murder case in Singapore
his responsibility from the start, and his young age should be a mitigating factor in his sentence. The Court of Appeal reserved its decision after hearing
2016 Toa Payoh child abuse case
2016_Toa_Payoh_child_abuse_case
Controversial legal defense
or judges and juries may have cited homosexual solicitation as a mitigating factor, resulting in reduced culpability and sentences. In 1995, the tabloid
Gay_and_trans_panic_defense
Bosnian war criminal
It was found that it did not absolve him of guilt, but could be a mitigating factor in his sentencing. On 29 November 1996, Erdemović was sentenced to
Dražen_Erdemović
Crime in England and Wales
applies (these consist of mitigating circumstances which reduce the defendant's culpability). The original mitigating factors were provocation and chance
Manslaughter_in_English_law
Assassin of Robert F. Kennedy (born 1944)
board to consider things like age, health, and childhood trauma as mitigating factors—things it had not considered before. On January 13, 2022, California
Sirhan_Sirhan
Ratio of active power to apparent power
In electrical engineering, the power factor of an AC power system is defined as the ratio of the real power absorbed by the load to the apparent power
Power_factor
apostasy, removing previous provisions that allowed repentance as a mitigating factor. This legal change was part of broader reforms aimed at aligning legislation
Capital punishment in Mauritania
Capital_punishment_in_Mauritania
2021 studio album by Prince
album out with the crew he created it with, then I think it was a big mitigating factor in why it hit the shelf," Hayes says. "Prince had this thing where
Welcome_2_America
Executed American murderer (1965–2024)
allegedly left out details of Pye's troubled childhood and other mitigating factors that may have spared his life. Pye was the first death row convict
Willie_Pye
Gang rape case in Spain, 2016
eventually giving up"; the sentence cited the man's mental state as a mitigating factor. Amnesty International has denounced the hurdles encountered by victims
La_Manada_rape_case
Taking something belonging to another by force
punishment for robbery is affected by a variety of aggravating and mitigating factors. Particularly important is how much harm was caused to the victim
Robbery
2016 United States Supreme Court case
for establishing mitigating evidence; therefore, the trial courts in this case were under no obligation to inform jurors that "mitigating circumstances need
Kansas_v._Carr
Type of civil order made in the United Kingdom
information was available, there was a high proportion where some mitigating factor appeared to have contributed to their behaviour. Almost 1⁄5 used substances
Anti-social_behaviour_order
Hindu community in the Bengal region of South Asia
Muslim landlords preferring to employ coreligionists, was another mitigating factor. All these, coupled with numerous provocations ranging from unlawful
Namasudra
2007 murder case in the United Kingdom
the same day. The judge accepted that Obih's schizophrenia was a mitigating factor in the case, and recommended that he receive psychiatric rehabilitation
Murder_of_Jonathan_Henry
1st-century BC Greek historian and teacher
wife's adultery was a serious crime, however, drunkenness could be a mitigating factor in determining the appropriate punishment. Because of Romulus' laws
Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus
Crime in England and Wales
mitigating factors, and lists the factors which might suggest either a higher or a lower than normal minimum term in an individual case. Mitigating factors
Murder_in_English_law
American judge (born 1966)
offense" is a "mitigating" factor; otherwise, jurors could consider the "moonphase" during sentencing. Kethledge further explained that mitigating evidence
Raymond_Kethledge
2023 murder by stabbing in Wolverhampton, England
detention, but the sentence was adjusted downwards for both boys due to mitigating factors, including their young age and troubled upbringings. If the Parole
Murder_of_Shawn_Seesahai
Bosnian Croat soldier
and confirming numerous important facts", and this was considered a mitigating factor, as was his guilty plea, which the Trial Chamber stated "helped to
Ivica_Rajić
Week-long mourning period in Judaism for first-degree relatives
Conservative, and Reform, recognize mental distress or mental illness as mitigating factors, and still provide the meal and other mourning rites in many cases
Shiva_(Judaism)
MITIGATING FACTOR
MITIGATING FACTOR
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia)
English (mainly East Anglia) : metonymic occupational name for someone who dealt in weights and measures, for example a grain factor, from Middle English pekke ‘peck’ (an old measure of dry goods equivalent to eight quarts or a quarter of a bushel).English : variant of Peak 1.Irish : variant of Peak 2.South German : variant of Beck.North German and Dutch : metonymic occupational name for someone who prepared or sold pitch, from Middle Low German pek, Middle Dutch pec, pic.Dutch : from Middle Dutch pec, pick ‘desperate straits’, hence a nickname for a person in difficult circumstances or perhaps for someone with a gloomy disposition.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English buyscel, busshell, bysshell ‘bushel’, ‘measure of grain’ (Old French boissel, buissel, of Gaulish origin), hence a metonymic occupational name for a grain merchant or factor, one who measured grain. The name may also have been applied to a maker of vessels designed to hold or measure out a bushel.English : from a diminutive of Biss.Respelling of German Biesel, a habitational name from Bisel in Alsace.
Surname or Lastname
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian (Dániel), Romanian, and Jewish
English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Hungarian (Dániel), Romanian, and Jewish : from the Hebrew personal name Daniel ‘God is my judge’, borne by a major prophet in the Bible. The major factor influencing the popularity of the personal name (and hence the frequency of the surname) was undoubtedly the dramatic story in the Book of Daniel, recounting the prophet’s steadfast adherence to his religious faith in spite of pressure and persecution from the Mesopotamian kings in whose court he served: Nebuchadnezzar and Belshazzar (at whose feast Daniel interpreted the mysterious message of doom that appeared on the wall, being thrown to the lions for his pains). The name was also borne by a 2nd-century Christian martyr and by a 9th-century hermit, the legend of whose life was popular among Christians during the Middle Ages; these had a minor additional influence on the adoption of the Christian name. Among Orthodox Christians in Eastern Europe the name was also popular as being that of a 4th-century Persian martyr, who was venerated in the Orthodox Church.Irish : reduced form of McDaniel, which is actually a variant of McDonnell, from the Gaelic form of Irish Donal (equivalent to Scottish Donald), erroneously associated with the Biblical personal name Daniel. See also O’Donnell.Peter Daniel was one of the pioneer settlers in the 17th century in Stafford County, VA, where he was a justice of the peace. His grandson, Peter Vivian Daniel, was a U.S. Supreme Court justice from 1841 to his death in Richmond, VA, in 1860.
MITIGATING FACTOR
MITIGATING FACTOR
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Servant
Girl/Female
Muslim
Complex, Zigzag, Curling
Girl/Female
Tamil
Collection
Boy/Male
Indian
Name of Sun
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Friend of King
Girl/Female
Muslim
Brilliant
Girl/Female
Tamil
Gods promise
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lover, Lovable, Trustable
Female
Hebrew
(×Ö¸×¡Ö°× Ö·×ª) Hebrew name of Egyptian origin, ACÄ”NATH means "belonging to the goddess Neith." In the bible, this is the name of Joseph's Egyptian wife.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Variant of Naaji'a; Beneficial; Useful
MITIGATING FACTOR
MITIGATING FACTOR
MITIGATING FACTOR
MITIGATING FACTOR
MITIGATING FACTOR
a.
Tending to mitigate or alleviate; mitigative.
a.
Having the quality of mitigating or curing fever.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Vitiate
a.
Tending to mitigate; mitigating; lentitive.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Miniate
a.
Tending to mitigate; alleviating.
a.
Mitigating heat; cooling.
n.
The act of mitigating, or the state of being mitigated; abatement or diminution of anything painful, harsh, severe, afflictive, or calamitous; as, the mitigation of pain, grief, rigor, severity, punishment, or penalty.
n.
Mitigation; abatement.
a.
Mitigating; assuaging or soothing pain; as, paregoric elixir.
a.
Admitting of mitigation; that may be mitigated.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Militate
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Litigate
n.
An allaying; that which allays; mitigation.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Mitigate
n.
Mitigation; alleviation, as of a disease.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Mutilate
a.
Having the quality of softening or mitigating, as pain or acrimony; assuasive; emollient.
n.
Mildness or mitigation of punishment; lenity.
a.
Mitigating; tranquilizing; soothing.