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See searches and references containing SUPERIOR ORDERS!SUPERIOR ORDERS
Criminal defense of following the orders of a superior
Superior orders, also known as just following orders or the Nuremberg defense, is a plea in a court of law that a person, whether civilian, military or
Superior_orders
Leader of a religious institute in the Roman Catholic Church
The superior general usually holds supreme executive authority in the religious community, subject only to the Pope in the case of Catholic orders, while
Superior general (Christianity)
Superior_general_(Christianity)
Act violating the laws of war
behaviour by a military force. Despite having argued that he had obeyed superior orders, von Hagenbach was convicted, condemned to death, and beheaded. The
War_crime
Doctrine of hierarchical accountability
superior responsibility) is the legal doctrine of hierarchical accountability for war crimes, whereby a commanding officer (military) and a superior officer
Command_responsibility
2008 film directed by Joel and Ethan Coen
avoid the involvement of the FBI because of interservice rivalry, the superior orders that Chad's death be covered up. Harry realizes that he is being tailed
Burn_After_Reading
German general (1891–1945)
the executions only because he himself was obeying superior orders, and that as such only his superiors could be held responsible. The specially-appointed
Anton_Dostler
1961 trial of Adolf Eichmann
Eichmann's defense of superior orders was legally invalid under the anti-Nazi law and principles from Nuremberg — superior orders could mitigate but not
Eichmann_trial
Incident of killing civilians
out by individuals, instead they are carried out by groups... the use of superior, even overwhelming force..." Levene excludes "legal, or even some quasi-legal
Massacre
Guidelines for determining what constitutes a war crime
following my superior's orders'". Previous to the time of the Nuremberg Trials, this excuse was known in common parlance as "superior orders".[citation
Nuremberg_principles
1902 prosecution of six British Army soldiers for crimes during the Second Boer War
orders from the Duke of Burgundy, Charles the Bold, against whose rule the city of Breisach had rebelled. The court, however, rejected the superior orders
Court-martial of Breaker Morant
Court-martial_of_Breaker_Morant
Deliberate infliction of suffering on a person
to learn about torture techniques informally and rarely receive explicit orders, they are enabled by organizations that facilitate and encourage their behavior
Torture
Type of trial under international law
1945, that the use of Superior orders as a defense did not relieve officers from responsibility of carrying out illegal orders or the liability of being
War_crimes_trial
German field marshal (1882–1946)
convicted him on all charges. Although the tribunal's charter allowed "superior orders" to be considered a mitigating factor, it found Keitel's crimes were
Wilhelm_Keitel
Legal concept
war crime or other violation of international criminal law. Because superior orders do not exonerate such violations, it is obligatory to disobey the order
Criminal order (international law)
Criminal_order_(international_law)
Principle of political authority in Nazi Germany
accused war criminals, because they were military officers following superior orders. In the book Eichmann in Jerusalem (1963), Hannah Arendt said that
Führerprinzip
Attempted international criminal law defense
defence has no place in contemporary international humanitarian law". Superior orders Tu quoque Victor's justice Rohan, Colleen; Zyberi, Gentian (2017).
Tu_quoque_defense
Ecclesiastical title
Prior (or prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The
Prior_(ecclesiastical)
Court case decided in the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope
Court of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope. It relates to whether superior orders are an excuse or justification. It has been called a leading case.
R_v_Smith_(1900)
Head of a province of a religious order
provincial superior is an officer of a religious institute (including religious orders) acting under the institute's Superior General. A provincial superior exercises
Provincial_superior
Wheels seen in Ezekiel's vision of the chariot
description as the third Order of the first sphere, the other two superior orders being the Cherubim and Seraphim. The name of the most glorious and
Ophanim
1944 German war crime
of his officers and soldiers, Dietrich said he received from Hitler superior orders that no quarter was to be granted, no prisoners taken, and no pity
Malmedy_massacre
Member of a mendicant Christian order
character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their
Friar
Masonic designation
a fifth administrative and conservatory order. The rituals of the superior orders are very old and were gathered from a large body of rituals (over 1400
Orders_of_Wisdom
German philosophy idea
out orders, including those later judged to be war crimes (see also Prussian virtues, German militarism, Befehlsnotstand, Führerprinzip, and superior orders)
Corpse-like_obedience
Group of people who carry out orders based on the authority of others within the group
has one and only one superior, precluding the possibility of contradictory orders strict accountability – those who issue orders are responsible for the
Command_hierarchy
Series of social psychology experiments
disengagement Ordinary Men Social influence Stanford prison experiment Superior orders The Third Wave (experiment) Unethical human experimentation in the
Milgram_experiment
Collecting of human body parts
boast of one's prowess and achievements to peers, or as a status symbol of superior masculinity. Serial killers' collection of their victims' body parts have
Human_trophy_collecting
US Army officer convicted for massacre at My Lai, Vietnam (1943–2024)
to life in prison without parole Superior orders – The practice of pleading not guilty, by means of "following orders" "WSB-TV newsfilm clip of a reporter
William_Calley
Trials of Nazi German leaders
sovereign immunity, and Article 8 meant that the plea of acting under superior orders was not a valid defence, although it might be treated in mitigation
Nuremberg_trials
Leader of the Society of Jesus
Provincial superiors under him. Such power follows from the religious vows that bind members to community life, as in other religious orders. Superiors General
Superior general of the Society of Jesus
Superior_general_of_the_Society_of_Jesus
Topics referred to by the same term
Validity and liceity of holy orders in the Catholic Church Valid but irregular, a concept in other Christian churches Superior orders, a legal defense This disambiguation
Valid_orders
Criminal act of unlawful physical contact
(does not apply when the assault/battery results in ABH or greater) Superior orders Reasonable chastisement of a child Medical procedure Sporting activities
Battery_(crime)
prisoners were summarily executed by Marines and the gendarmerie on orders from their superiors. On 4 June 1916, Marines executed caco General Mizrael Codio
United_States_war_crimes
Catholic religious community living under solemn vows
each abbey or house, as subject to their direct superior. In the past, what distinguished religious orders from other institutes was the classification of
Religious_order_(Catholic)
War crimes trial of SS staff
who did not comment on the case, pleaded that he was acting under superior orders, as did the other defendants in the Belzec trial, and also drew attention
Belzec_trial
Doctrine that people are responsible for their agents' actions
Respondeat superior (Latin: "let the master answer"; plural: respondeant superiores) is a doctrine that a party is responsible for (and has vicarious liability
Respondeat_superior
Intentionally causing harm by following a superior's orders
(also known as malicious obedience) is the behavior of strictly following orders, laws, and rules to the letter, ignoring expectations that go without saying
Malicious_compliance
Head of a knighthood
orders, including chivalric orders such as military orders and dynastic orders of knighthood. The title also occurs in modern civil fraternal orders such
Grand_master_(order)
Failed sabotage missions during World War II
November 1945, that using superior orders as a defense does not relieve officers from responsibility of carrying out illegal orders and their liability to
Operations_Ginny_I_and_II
Name of the head of some convents
monasteries and abbeys, like provincial and superiors general of some orders, are among the major religious superiors. In order for members of the consecrated
Mother_superior
Act of willfully disobeying one's superior
chain of command obeying orders. Insubordination is when a service member willfully disobeys the lawful orders of a superior officer. If a military officer
Insubordination
Defence at law to an otherwise criminal act
to the orders of a superior or the government. Military and civilians have a duty to obey lawful orders, and a duty to disobey unlawful orders. — A v
Self-defence_in_English_law
German SS officer and war criminal (1906–1962)
insisted he had no choice but to follow orders, as he was bound by an oath of loyalty to Hitler – the same superior orders defence used by some defendants in
Adolf_Eichmann
Innere Führung ). The revised definition of military orders and obedience, as well as superior–subordinate relations by the former "Amt Blank" (Blank
Command and obedience in the Bundeswehr
Command_and_obedience_in_the_Bundeswehr
1963 book by Hannah Arendt
(obedience to authority, 1961) Stanford prison experiment (Zimbardo, 1972) Superior orders Hannah Arendt (film), a biographic film about the writing of the report
Eichmann_in_Jerusalem
1942 Japanese war crime in the Philippines
to Colonel Motō Nakayama of the 14th Army. King went against his superior's orders and told his troops to lay down their arms, accepting personal responsibility
Bataan_Death_March
Topics referred to by the same term
United States Nuremberg Code Nuremberg principles Nuremberg trials Superior orders, also known as "the Nuremberg defense" Nuremberg Laws (Nürnberger Gesetze)
Nürnberg_(disambiguation)
British officer executed for war crimes (1864–1902)
should be acquitted, claiming that they were acting in accordance with superior orders not to take prisoners. Despite this, Thomas was unable to establish
Breaker_Morant
Roman Catholic Church term no longer in use
It thus speaks of bishops as "superior to priests", and of "the ordination of bishops, priests, and of the other orders". In its canon VI, it declares
Major_orders
Marvel Comics fictional character
The Superior Spider-Man #2 The Superior Spider-Man #4 The Superior Spider-Man #5 The Superior Spider-Man #8 The Superior Spider-Man #9 The Superior Spider-Man
Doctor_Octopus
SS officer and war criminal (1915–1976)
intelligentsia by ascribing sole command responsibility to Hitler and his superior orders to Himmler. As a participant in the Nazi conquest of Poland for German
Joachim_Peiper
in prison. Confirming Vihma's involvement, the ruling stated that superior orders had been accepted as a mitigating circumstance. Vihma himself never
Einar_Vihma
Law relating to crime
obeying the orders of a superior. The Romans phrased it thus: "He is free from blame who is bound to obey." To succeed in a defence of superior orders, it must
South_African_criminal_law
Russian light combat aircraft
Russian Air Force's new trainers. The Yak-130, however, was said to be superior, as it could serve the dual role of a trainer and combat jet. In April
Yakovlev_Yak-130
SS officer (1909–1951)
Military Tribunal. Braune's only defense was that he was acting under superior orders, sometimes referred to as the "Nuremberg defense". This was rejected
Werner_Braune
Ranks of ministry in Christianity
major superior. The two ministries that are in use throughout the Latin Church could be conferred even on persons who are not candidates for holy orders. In
Minor_orders
Binding instruction given by a senior rank to a junior rank in a military context
assist subordinate units with the conduct of military operations. Superior orders Führerprinzip Nuremberg principles George Breckenridge Davis, A Treatise
Military_order_(instruction)
1895 South African legal case
South African criminal law, especially as it applies to the defence of superior orders. It was heard in the Supreme Court of the Cape of Good Hope on August
R_v_Albert
Nazi German SS officer (1908–1950)
Scandinavian Red Cross. Suhren refused the request as it was against superior orders, although eventually Göring got the backing of Rudolf Brandt and Suhren
Fritz_Suhren
Appellate court in Pennsylvania, US
of orders from which appeals may be taken to the Superior Court from Pennsylvania's lower courts: final orders (Pa.R.A.P. 341), collateral orders (Pa
Superior Court of Pennsylvania
Superior_Court_of_Pennsylvania
Part of the Garnier Expedition
where they had been sent by France on a diplomatic mission, without superiors' orders. The capture of the city became the starting point of an unsanctioned
Battle_of_Hanoi_(1873)
Jurisdiction of the Catholic Church and Vatican City
Roman Rota and administrative decisions of ecclesiastical superiors (bishops and superiors of religious institutes), such as closing a parish or removing
Holy_See
Oaths of organisations in Nazi Germany
oath as evidence in war crime trials after the war as part of their superior orders defence. Members of the Hitler Youth swore the following oath: In the
Oaths_to_Hitler
French general (1768–1800)
insult men in misfortune." Desaix was eventually let go as a result of superior orders from the British Admiralty. The campaign of 1800 was close to its climax
Louis_Desaix
Rules governing sentry (guard or watch) duty in the US Armed Forces
properly relieved. I will report all violations of orders that I am entrusted to enforce and call my superior in any case not covered by instructions. I will
General_Orders_for_Sentries
Male religious congregation of the Catholic Church
Jesuit is expected to be totally available and obedient to his superiors, accepting orders to go anywhere in the world, even if required to live in extreme
Jesuits
Character from The Boys
Homelander's arm and ribs, having torn him apart with his bare hands. Butcher then orders the waiting Marines to open fire, bringing Noir to his knees, before killing
Homelander
2025 British film
storm's oppressive atmosphere. To prevent further hysteria, Mother Superior orders Sister Agnes to be confined to her quarters. Inexplicable accidents
The_Baby_in_the_Basket
1994 multi-role combat aircraft family by Eurofighter
106A was a single-engine version of the original P.96. Air superiority configuration. "Orders, Deliveries, In Operation Military aircraft by Country – Worldwide"
Eurofighter_Typhoon
Imperial Japanese Navy ship
ever mounted on a warship. Yamato was designed to counter the numerically superior battleship fleet of the United States, Japan's main rival in the Pacific
Japanese_battleship_Yamato
1942 Nazi order instructing that all Allied commandos be killed immediately
executed on 1 December 1945. His defence that he had only relayed superior orders was rejected at trial. The Commando Order was one of the specifications
Commando_Order
Japanese Army officer (1891–1945)
The other three men were acquitted, two on the grounds of obeying superior orders, and the other due to insufficient evidence. In August 1924, Amakasu's
Masahiko_Amakasu
Soldadera of Mexican Revolution
unknown woman. Some time later, her all-woman army was dissolved by superior orders and Petra Herrera ended up working as a spy, under the disguise of
Petra_Herrera
2005 television film by Jon Jones
Suvorin questions Louise, learning about the search for Anna, and his superior orders him to recover the notebook. Kelso becomes suspicious of O'Brian's
Archangel_(2005_film)
2008 Indian film
weeks by which time it would be too late. Father Thomas defies his superior's orders and proceeds with the ritual. During the exorcism, Balwant and Father
1920_(film)
Extended liability to parties that had to control violators
under the common law doctrine of agency, respondeat superior, the responsibility of the superior for the acts of their subordinate or, in a broader sense
Vicarious_liability
American court case
Vietnamese man under orders from a superior officer during the Vietnam War. The Court of Military Appeals held that following orders was not a justification
United_States_v._Keenan
Battle in the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War
front broken and the fully motorised enemy streaming into our rear. Superior orders could no longer count. We had to save what there was to be saved. Rommel
Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein
United States Army decoration
awarded the Army Superior Unit Award. Source: United States Army (2009) Permanent Orders 123-18 Permanent Orders 332-07 Permanent Orders 350-09 Awards and
Superior_Unit_Award
extensively on executive orders. In his first year of his second presidency he has signed 225 executive orders, surpassing the 220 orders of his entire first
List of executive orders in the second Trump presidency
List_of_executive_orders_in_the_second_Trump_presidency
seven justices. The Superior Court of Pennsylvania is one of two Pennsylvania intermediate appellate courts. Appeal to the Superior Court is generally
Judiciary_of_Pennsylvania
Superior court of the province of Ontario, Canada
The Divisional Court hears appeals from some judgments and orders of judges of the Superior Court of Justice and reviews or hears appeals from decisions
Superior Court of Justice (Ontario)
Superior_Court_of_Justice_(Ontario)
German law for prosecuting international crimes against human rights
German criminal law, provisions on superior responsibility are established (§§ 4, 13, 14). Acting upon superior orders may only exculpate a perpetrator
Völkerstrafgesetzbuch
Most populous county in the United States
(PDF) on October 18, 2012. A look at your Superior Court, Public Information Office, Los Angeles Superior Court "LA Court". lasuperiorcourt.org. Archived
Los Angeles County, California
Los_Angeles_County,_California
Spanish Jesuit priest and 28th Superior General of the Society of Jesus
February 1991) was a Basque Spanish Catholic priest who served as the 28th superior general of the Society of Jesus from 1965 to 1983. He has been called a
Pedro_Arrupe
Marvel Comics character
bonded to Superior Spider-Man, as it was still connected to Peter's body. After bonding to the symbiote, Otto called himself the Superior Venom and went
Venom_(character)
Disobeying of superiors
remove their superiors or orders. The term is commonly used for insubordination by members of the military against an officer or superior, but it can also
Mutiny
Character from Marvel Comics
had her aged into adulthood and gave her superhuman powers. As Mother Superior, she was the leader of a group called the Sisters of Sin, young orphan
Sin_(Marvel_Comics)
1846–1848 conflict between Mexico and the United States
when no longer wanted. The officers of the lower grades were but little superior to the men. With all this I have seen as brave stands made by some of these
Mexican–American_War
Petitions for Australian Second Boer War soldiers
for the My Lai Massacre, during the Vietnam War. In addition, the "superior orders" defense argument, used by Major J. F. Thomas at the trial of Morant
Pardons for Morant, Handcock and Witton
Pardons_for_Morant,_Handcock_and_Witton
Roman Catholic title
definitors in religious orders who generally provide counsel and assistance to the superiors general and provincial superiors of their order. In a deanery
Definitor
U.S. state
which humans were understood as part of the natural world rather than superior to it, as Kimmerer says “Being naturalized to place means to live as if
Connecticut
Leader of South Korea from 1979 to 1988
illegal troop movement orders, dereliction of duty during martial law, murder of superior officers, attempted murder of superior officers, murder of subordinate
Chun_Doo-hwan
Head of state and government of Peru
Congress; and give decrees, orders, regulations and instructions for their better compliance. Give the necessary orders for the collection and investment
President_of_Peru
German general (1885–1968)
for execution. The defense argued that Falkenhorst was acting under superior orders. He was convicted and sentenced to death in 1946. The sentence was
Nikolaus_von_Falkenhorst
Traditional lament of German armed forces
duty (German: Innere Führung) which goes beyond blind obedience to superior orders, and that the Wehrmacht and Abwehr officers who plotted to kill Hitler
Ich_hatt'_einen_Kameraden
Marvel Comics fictional character
killers assembled by the mutant thief Gambit. Mister Sinister, Gambit's superior, orders the Marauders to massacre the mutant Morlocks. While carrying out this
Blockbuster_(Marauder)
California superior court with jurisdiction over Sacramento Country
The Superior Court of California, County of Sacramento, informally known as the Sacramento County Superior Court, is the California Superior Court located
Sacramento County Superior Court
Sacramento_County_Superior_Court
Female superior of a community of nuns, often an abbey
An abbess (Latin: abbatissa) is the female superior of a community of nuns in an abbey. In the Catholic Church (both the Latin Church and Eastern Catholic)
Abbess
American television writer and producer (born 1965)
2011. Brown, Laurel (April 19, 2013). "'Glee' renewed for two seasons: FOX orders Season 5 and Season 6 early". Zap2it. Archived from the original on April
Ryan_Murphy_(producer)
SUPERIOR ORDERS
SUPERIOR ORDERS
Girl/Female
Indian, Malayalam
Superior
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English
Superior
Girl/Female
Tamil
Superior
Boy/Male
Tamil
Shreeyas | à®·à¯à®°à¯‡à®¯à®¸Â
Superior
Shreeyas | à®·à¯à®°à¯‡à®¯à®¸Â
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Superior
Boy/Male
Arabic
Superior.
Girl/Female
Native American
Superior.
Boy/Male
Indian
Superior
Boy/Male
British, English
Summoner
Boy/Male
Hindu
Superior
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Superior
Boy/Male
Tamil
Superior
Boy/Male
Tamil
Superior
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Superior
Boy/Male
Arabic
Superior.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Superior
Girl/Female
Muslim
Superior
Girl/Female
Indian Celtic
Superior.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Superior
Boy/Male
Arabic Muslim
Superior.
SUPERIOR ORDERS
SUPERIOR ORDERS
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian
Saviour of Snow
Female
English
 Pet form of English Eleanor, LENA means "foreign; the other."
Girl/Female
American, Hindu, Indian
Night Beauty
Female
English
English variant spelling of Spanish Dolores, DELORES means "sorrows."
Girl/Female
Hindu
Nirmal
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Loving Son
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu, Traditional
Meritorious; Great Achiever
Girl/Female
Hindu
New
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Universal Father
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Magnificent Poetess; Orator
SUPERIOR ORDERS
SUPERIOR ORDERS
SUPERIOR ORDERS
SUPERIOR ORDERS
SUPERIOR ORDERS
a.
Superior; surpassing; ruling.
n.
Superior brightness or effulgency.
a.
Beyond the power or influence of; too great or firm to be subdued or affected by; -- with to.
a.
More comprehensive; as a term in classification; as, a genus is superior to a species.
a.
Precedence; superior rank.
n.
One who is above, or surpasses, another in rank, station, office, age, ability, or merit; one who surpasses in what is desirable; as, Addison has no superior as a writer of pure English.
a.
More elevated in place or position; higher; upper; as, the superior limb of the sun; the superior part of an image.
a.
Chief; superior.
n.
Superior excellence; extraordinary excellence.
superl.
Greater; superior; increased
n.
One who supervises; an overseer; an inspector; a superintendent; as, a supervisor of schools.
n.
The superior vena cava.
a.
Higher in rank or office; more exalted in dignity; as, a superior officer; a superior degree of nobility.
n.
Prevalence; superior influence; efficacy.
a.
Belonging to the part of an axillary flower which is toward the main stem; posterior.
adv.
In a superior position or manner.
a.
Pointing toward the apex of the fruit; ascending; -- said of the radicle.
a.
Above the ovary; -- said of parts of the flower which, although normally below the ovary, adhere to it, and so appear to originate from its upper part; also of an ovary when the other floral organs are plainly below it in position, and free from it.
a.
Higher or greater in excellence; surpassing others in the greatness, or value of any quality; greater in quality or degree; as, a man of superior merit; or of superior bravery.
n.
The head of a monastery, convent, abbey, or the like.