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Autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded
Mitophagy is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy. It often occurs to defective mitochondria following damage or stress. The process
Mitophagy
Chronic low-grade inflammation that develops with advanced age
contribution to inflammaging is a decline in effective autophagy and mitophagy capacity. This is an essential process for cellular housekeeping that
Inflammaging
Process of cells digesting parts of themselves
autophagy. In the selective autophagy is the autophagy of organelles; mitophagy, lipophagy, pexophagy, chlorophagy, ribophagy and others. Macroautophagy
Autophagy
Mammalian protein found in humans
activation. Parkin plays a crucial role in mitophagy and clearance of reactive oxygen species. Mitophagy is the elimination of damaged mitochondria in
Parkin_(protein)
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
Parkin—prevent the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria through mitophagy. Some hypothesize that neurodegeneration arises from a chronic neuroinflammatory
Parkinson's_disease
American oncologist
collaborations. Gottlieb leads ongoing research focused on autophagy, mitophagy and biogenesis, with particular attention to the molecular basis of myocardial
Roberta_Gottlieb
Genetic disease causing anemia, birth defects, and cancers
required to clear damaged mitochondria from the cell (a process called mitophagy). BRCA1 (also known as FANCS) interacts with the ribosomal DNA (rDNA)
Fanconi_anemia
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
Mitochondrial metabolic rates Mitochondrial permeability transition pore Mitophagy Nebenkern Oncocyte Oncocytoma Paternal mtDNA transmission Plastid Submitochondrial
Mitochondria
Chemical compound
uncoupling agent in cell and molecular biology, particularly in the study of mitophagy, where it was integral in discovering the role of the Parkinson's disease-associated
Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
Carbonyl_cyanide_m-chlorophenyl_hydrazone
Cellular structure
mitochondria that has been rendered nonfunctional in a process known as mitophagy. However, mutations in the Parkin and pink1 genes have been associated
Mitochondria associated membranes
Mitochondria_associated_membranes
Genetic disorder that causes early aging
with low LAMP2 protein level and lysosome number (both important for mitophagy: the degradation of defective mitochondria pathway), could be implicated
Progeria
Vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis
selectively degrade damaged cytosolic organelles such as mitochondria (mitophagy). However, when the cell is starved or stressed, autophagosomes can also
Phagosome
differentiation and maturation of erythrocytes and lymphocytes by the process of mitophagy with the help of its regulator BNIP3. Using a gene knockout technique
Nix_(gene)
Type of white blood cell
Sathyamoorthy B, Noursadeghi M, et al. (January 2021). "NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial
Macrophage
Species of bacterium
014. PMID 30459101. Kirienko NV, Ausubel FM, Ruvkun G (February 2015). "Mitophagy confers resistance to siderophore-mediated killing by Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
Pseudomonas_aeruginosa
Protein-coding gene
anticancer therapy. It is known to suppress tumors and plays a role in mitophagy and apoptosis. AMBRA1 can be found in the cytoskeleton and mitochondria
AMBRA1
Pharmaceutical compound
maintains mitochondrial membrane potential, and promotes protective mitophagy in various stress conditions, independent of direct antioxidant effects
Mitochonic_acid_5
American biomedical scientist and professor
Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), in regulating processes such as autophagy, mitophagy, mitochondrial function, and reactive oxygen species signaling. His studies
Hiranmoy_Das
properly. UPRmt causes the sirtuin SIRT3 to activate antioxidant enzymes and mitophagy. Mitochondrial electron transport chain mutations that extend the life
Mitochondrial unfolded protein response
Mitochondrial_unfolded_protein_response
American biochemist
destruction. He also investigated molecular mechanisms of autophagy and mitophagy. He received the NIH Director’s Award in 1992, 2011, and 2015. For 2021
Richard_Youle
American cell biologist
deal with malfunctioning mitochondria in neurons, a process known as mitophagy. Patients with Parkinson's disease typically show mutations on two proteins
Chantell_Evans
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PA (July 2009). "Role of BNIP3 and NIX in cell death, autophagy, and mitophagy". Cell Death and Differentiation. 16 (7): 939–46. doi:10.1038/cdd.2009
BNIP3
Sathyamoorthy B, Noursadeghi M, et al. (January 2021). "NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial
List_of_immune_cells
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Parkinson's disease-linked proteins Fbxo7 and Parkin interact to mediate mitophagy". Nature Neuroscience. 16 (9): 1257–65. doi:10.1038/nn.3489. PMC 3827746
FBXO7
Protein of the mucin family
increase of the autophagy of mitochondria, a process called mitophagy. An increase in mitophagy triggers the development and progression of cancer. MUC-1
Mucin-1
Canadian researcher and exercise physiologist
of both mitochondrial synthesis (biogenesis), as well as degradation (mitophagy) in muscle. In his research, he also employs multi-disciplinary approaches
David_A._Hood
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
parkin-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization positive regulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization
HDAC6
Sporadic biological phenomenon at the molecular scale
proteinase, and degradation increases mtDNA escape into the nucleus through mitophagy. Thorsness and Corey Campbell found that by disrupting pep4, the frequency
Nuclear mitochondrial DNA segment
Nuclear_mitochondrial_DNA_segment
Medical condition
disease also has been linked to dysregulated mitochondria degradation (mitophagy). The third major proposed cause of cell death in Parkinson's disease
Pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease
Pathophysiology_of_Parkinson's_disease
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Langerhans and can inhibit mitochondrial quality control mechanisms such as mitophagy and autophagy - leading to a defect in insulin secretion and eventual
MFN2
Greek geneticist and molecular biologist
These studies revealed intricate signaling pathways that coordinate mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, to determine the number of mitochondria
Nektarios_Tavernarakis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
damaged mitochondria and targeting specific mitochondria for degradation (mitophagy). Healthy mitochondria maintain a membrane potential that can be used
PINK1
Mammalian protein found in humans
process necroptosis cellular response to UV-C negative regulation of mitophagy regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic
P53
Clinical scientist
Investigating the Nix pathway as an alternative approach to activating mitophagy in neurons, to improve the maintenance of healthy mitochondrial populations
Carolyn_Sue
Chemical compound
2017). "Tomatidine enhances lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans through mitophagy induction via the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway". Scientific Reports. 7 46208. Bibcode:2017NatSR
Tomatidine
nutrient availability on to stress responsive elements and autophagy/mitophagy mechanisms. It is encoded by a 1.46 kbp gene located on chromosome 15
Whi2
Cell biology structure
responsible for the selective degradation of damaged organelles (for example, mitophagy (mitochondria), pexophagy (peroxisomes), aggrephagy (protein aggregates)
Autophagosome
mammals, FIS1 does not participate in fission but instead plays a role in mitophagy. In human cells, four adaptor proteins can help recruit Drp1 to the mitochondria:
Mitochondrial_fission
Muscle disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction
respiratory chain. Myopathies involving abnormal autophagy, including abnormal mitophagy, may present with secondary impaired fatty acid metabolism and/or mitochondrial
Mitochondrial_myopathy
Models used in Parkinson's disease research
this leads to augmented ubiquitin activity and therefore induces mitophagy. Mitophagy is a pathway in which the mitochondria is degraded. Both PINK1 and
Animal models of Parkinson's disease
Animal_models_of_Parkinson's_disease
Protein-coding gene in humans
of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway positive regulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization regulation of protein kinase
CDC37
Medical condition
CNN. 2011-09-19. Kobayashi S, Liang Q (February 2015). "Autophagy and mitophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular
Complications_of_diabetes
Protein-coding gene in humans
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II protein phosphorylation mitophagy response to mitochondrial depolarisation macroautophagy endosome organization
Sequestosome_1
Protein pore formed in mitochondria under pathological conditions
causing ROS-producing mitochondria to undergo selective lysosome-dependent mitophagy during nutrient starvation conditions. Under severe stress/pathologic
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore
Mitochondrial_permeability_transition_pore
Supramolecular structures in mitochondria
(2009). "Coenzyme Q deficiency triggers mitochondria degradation by mitophagy". Autophagy. 5 (1): 19–33. doi:10.4161/auto.5.1.7174. hdl:10261/40287
Supercomplex
Hypothesis explaining cancer
123.3191.309. PMID 13298683. Mahla, RS; et al. (2021). "NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial
Warburg_hypothesis
Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Abnormalities in Mitophagy and Nutrient Sensing, and Genomic Damage". Nutrients. 14 (5): 1114. doi:10
Timeline_of_aging_research
Human development following adolescence
but similar to the first, the third article explores the process of mitophagy - removal of damaged mitochondria - and how it may inhibit the progression
Adult_development
American microbiologist (1960–2020)
several selective fields of autophagy, including virophagy, xenophagy, and mitophagy, and she is credited for coining the term xenophagy. These contributions
Beth_Levine_(physician)
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
positive regulation of macroautophagy anoikis negative regulation of mitophagy negative regulation of TOR signaling protein kinase B signaling Sources:Amigo
TSC2
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
pathway, planar cell polarity pathway parkin-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization substrate localization to
SMURF1
Human protein and coding gene
and disorganized myofilaments. In addition, mitochondrial fission and mitophagy were suppressed in BMAL1 deficient hESC-cardiomyocytes, which resulted
Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like protein 1
Basic_helix-loop-helix_ARNT-like_protein_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
regulate mitophagy and extend lifespan. Nat Aging (2023). A drug-like molecule engages nuclear hormone receptor DAF-12/FXR to regulate mitophagy and extend
Farnesoid_X_receptor
Pharmaceutical compound
Obesity-Associated Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction through SIRT3-Mediated Mitophagy". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 71 (43): 16032–16042. Bibcode:2023JAFC
5-Heptadecylresorcinol
Medical condition
very pronounced. Defects in cellular processes such as autophagy and mitophagy are thought to contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy
Diabetic_cardiomyopathy
False appearance of an athletic body due to disease or injury
Hemihypertrophy of right arm and leg (rare). Abnormal autophagy and mitophagy, may have normal or abnormal secondary fatty acid metabolism and/or respiratory
Pseudoathletic_appearance
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
positive regulation of autophagosome assembly autophagy of mitochondrion mitophagy autophagy positive regulation of autophagy response to mitochondrial depolarisation
BECN1
Protein-coding gene in humans
mitochondria due to dysfunctional fission machinery. Fission helps facilitate mitophagy, which is the breakdown and recycling of damaged mitochondria. Dysfunction
DNM1L
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
DA (2015). "Role of PGC-1α during acute exercise-induced autophagy and mitophagy in skeletal muscle". American Journal of Physiology. 308 (9): C710-719
PGC-1α
Chemical compound
sphingolipid ceramide, a major endogenous regulator of cell signaling, inducing mitophagy and anti-proliferative effects in different tumor cell lines. Synthetic
Solenopsin
Enzyme found in humans
organization cellular response to oxidative stress negative regulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization positive regulation of cysteine-type
Serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial
Serine_protease_HTRA2,_mitochondrial
Human disease
Syndrome. In some cases, mutation of the gene can lead to premature aging, mitophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction. In studies using mice, loss of function
Wolfram_syndrome
Canadian cell biologist
His recent work has identified a role for Gp78 in regulation of basal mitophagy, production of reactive oxygen species and a distinct class of ribosome-studded
Ivan_R._Nabi
Chemical compound
Kirienko, Natalia V.; Ausubel, Frederick M.; Ruvkun, Gary (2015-02-10). "Mitophagy confers resistance to siderophore-mediated killing by Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
Pyoverdine
Protein found in humans
Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport parkin-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization positive regulation of xenophagy
Optineurin
Protein kinase found in humans
imbalance, leading to excess mitochondrial clearance from dendrites by mitophagy. LRRK2 is also a substrate for chaperone-mediated autophagy. Disease-associated
LRRK2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cause DNA damage and induce transcriptional repression, as well as induce mitophagy. As a fission factor, FIS1 is associated with neurodegenerative diseases
FIS1
Protein found in humans
cell response against viral infection in lupus patients by suppressing mitophagy". Science Advances. 8 (24) eabo4271. Bibcode:2022SciA....8O4271C. doi:10
CD38
Protein-coding gene in humans
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process negative regulation of mitophagy cellular response to starvation negative regulation of autophagosome maturation
CLEC16A
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
proliferation protein autoubiquitination apoptotic process negative regulation of mitophagy positive regulation of protein catabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNF41
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
autophagosome assembly positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion mitophagy response to mitochondrial depolarisation regulation of macroautophagy
Autophagy-related_protein_13
Series of chemical reactions resulting in a cell response
apoptosis and oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment and dysfunctional mitophagy, unfolded protein stress and improper removal of misfolded proteins) have
Biochemical_cascade
Indian immunologist and microbiologist
(2018) An essential role for ECSIT in mitochondrial complex I assembly and mitophagy in macrophages. Cell Rep. 22:2654-2666. Oh, H., Grinberg-Bleyer, Y., Liao
Sankar_Ghosh
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process autophagy negative regulation of mitophagy cellular response to cobalt ion response to ischemia fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
TP53-inducible glycolysis and apoptosis regulator
TP53-inducible_glycolysis_and_apoptosis_regulator
Human gene
mitochondria damage-induced apoptosis in oral cancer by JNK/BNIP3/Nix-mediated mitophagy". Phytomedicine. 132 155855. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155855. PMID 39043083
IFI44L
effects to treat glioblastoma. Apoptosis was successfully induced and mitophagy was inhibited in glioma cells. This is an example of how SDT can be used
Sonodynamic_therapy
Pharmaceutical compound
Phosphate Binding Reduce Cancer Cell Vitality by Modulating Autophagy/Mitophagy and ROS". Antioxidants. 12 (8): 1635. doi:10.3390/antiox12081635. PMC 10451763
MC3138
Medical research institute in Australia
disease. She tested the hypothesis that the Nix protein can rejuvenate mitophagy and mitochondrial function in individuals affected by Parkinson's. NeuRA
Neuroscience Research Australia
Neuroscience_Research_Australia
Types of irreversible biochemical changes
oxidation of mitochondrial proteins, and defective quality control by mitophagy. Dysfunctional mitochondria contribute to aging through interfering with
Hallmarks_of_aging
Process in cell membrane biology
autophagosome-lysosome fusion but not autophagosome formation during PINK1/Parkin mitophagy and starvation". The Journal of Cell Biology. 215 (6): 857–874. doi:10
Atg8ylation
Protein
capsid/autophagosome colocalization, survival of virus-infected cells, and mitophagy in HeLa cells infected with Sindbis virus. This may suggest that TMEM39B
TMEM39B
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Lemasters JJ, Nishina S, et al. (November 2020). "Iron loss triggers mitophagy through induction of mitochondrial ferritin". EMBO Reports. 21 (11) e50202
Transcription_factor_Sp1
American cell biologist (1881–1970)
first descriptions of stress-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy.[citation needed] Lewis and her husband helped develop and put into practice
Margaret_Reed_Lewis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
that later develops into cognitive impairment. Abnormal autophagy and mitophagy have been associated with TANGO2-related disease and may explain the varying
TANGO2
Spanish medical doctor and scientist
Lipidomics, Lipotoxicity, Macrophages, Metabolic syndrome, Metabolomics, Mitophagy, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Antonio_Vidal-Puig
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
maintain homeostasis. In addition, Miro regulates mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy in conjunction with mitofusin. According to one model, damaged mitochondria
RHOT2
cycle. mitophagy The selective degradation of mitochondria by means of autophagy; i.e. the mitochondrion initiates its own degradation. Mitophagy is a regular
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Mammalian gene
inhibitors inhibit cervical cancer growth through Parkin acetylation-mediated mitophagy". Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 12 (2): 838–852. doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2021
MROH9
Autophagy-related structure in cell biology
organelles, and their roles in more selective autophagy processes, such as mitophagy and xenophagy. Additionally, omegasomes will be of particular interest
Omegasome
role of linear ubiquitin chains and described macromolecules regulating mitophagy, xenophagy and ER-phagy. They delineated the role of sumoylation in ribosome
Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt Macromolecular Complexes
Cluster_of_Excellence_Frankfurt_Macromolecular_Complexes
Irish molecular biologist
in Mitochondrial Quality Control by Regulating Parkin/PINK1-Dependent Mitophagy. Molecular Cell 55:451-66. Henry CM and Martin SJ (2017) Caspase-8 Acts
Seamus_Martin_(biochemist)
Chemical compound
(September 2022). "Sarmentosin promotes USP17 and regulates Nrf2-mediated mitophagy and cellular oxidative stress to alleviate APAP-induced acute liver failure"
Sarmentosin
A ubiquitin regulated protein
the pro-survival protein Mcl1 and excessively stimulates the process of mitophagy. To better understand how lipo-toxicity is caused by saturated fatty acids
UBXD8
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
mitochondrial homeostasis, as a regulator of mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) whereby old, dysfunctional mitochondria are removed. Increased ATM activity
ATM_serine/threonine_kinase
Scientist
Richard J (ed.). "Deficiency of parkin and PINK1 impairs age-dependent mitophagy in Drosophila". eLife. 7 e35878. doi:10.7554/eLife.35878. PMC 6008047
Patrick_Purdon
Pharmaceutical compound
S, et al. (2015). "SIRT5 regulation of ammonia-induced autophagy and mitophagy". Autophagy. 11 (2): 253–270. doi:10.1080/15548627.2015.1009778. PMC 4502726
MC3482
Cancer cells with features of normal cells
Łos MJ (September 2013). "Salinomycin induces activation of autophagy, mitophagy and affects mitochondrial polarity: differences between primary and cancer
Cancer_stem_cell
Class of enzymes
mitigates hypertrophic cardiomyopathy through effects on oxidative stress and mitophagy". Mol. Cell. Biol. 32 (21): 4493–4504. doi:10.1128/MCB.01092-12. PMC 3486149
Acyl-CoA:lysocardiolipin acyltransferase-1
Acyl-CoA:lysocardiolipin_acyltransferase-1
British medical researcher
Moroni, Isabella; Bianchi, Stefania (10 January 2017). "Dysregulated mitophagy and mitochondrial organization in optic atrophy due to OPA1 mutations"
Joanna_Poulton
Protein found in humans
apoptosis leading to age-related macular degeneration. SIRT3 induced mitophagy, inhibiting cell death, and thus could be used to treat neurodegenerative
Sirtuin_3
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY
Girl/Female
English
Feminine of Giovanni;.
Male
Hawaiian
Hawaiian name LIKO means "bud."
Male
English
 Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Fearghus, FERDINAND means "strong-man." English form of Italian Ferdinando, meaning "ardent for peace."
Girl/Female
Tamil
Mandakini | மஂதாகிநீ
A river
Boy/Male
Arabic
Servant of the mighty.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : topographic name for someone who lived by an elder tree, Middle High German holder, or from a house named for its sign of an elder tree. In same areas, for example Alsace, the elder tree was believed to be the protector of a house.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ornamental name from German Holder ‘elder tree’.English (chiefly western counties) : occupational name for a tender of animals, from an agent derivative of Middle English hold(en) ‘to guard or keep’ (Old English h(e)aldan). It is possible that this word was also used in the wider sense of a holder of land within the feudal system. Compare Helder.
Boy/Male
Muslim
The most beautiful
Boy/Male
British, English
Peaceful Wolf
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English crulling ‘the curly one’, a nickname for someone with curly hair.Possibly an Americanized spelling of German Gerling.
Girl/Female
Tamil
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY
MITOPHAGY