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Tetrahydropyridine, a chemical causing Parkinson's disease symptoms
MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is an organic compound. It is classified as a tetrahydropyridine. It is of interest as a precursor
MPTP
Compounds that damage or destroy monoaminergic neurons
oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine), 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and methamphetamine; and the noradrenergic neurotoxins oxidopamine and
Monoamine_neurotoxin
Monoaminergic neurotoxin
2′-NH2-MPTP, also known as 2′-amino-MPTP, is a monoaminergic neurotoxin that was derived from MPTP and is used in scientific research to lesion brain
2′-NH2-MPTP
Chemical compound
arises in the body as the toxic metabolite of the closely related compound MPTP. MPTP is converted in the brain into MPP+ by the enzyme MAO-B, ultimately causing
MPP+
Dopaminergic neurotoxin
than MPTP in mice but is less potent than MPTP in primates. MPTP and 2′-CH3-MPTP produce a Parkinson's disease-like condition in animals. 2′-CH3-MPTP is
2′-CH3-MPTP
Toxic effects on the nervous system
ultimately cell death. MPP+ is produced by monoamine oxidase B as a metabolite of MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine), and its toxicity is particularly
Neurotoxicity
Chemical compound as a fungicide
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Mancozeb
Opioid analgesic drug
temperature. Consequently, he produced MPTP as a major impurity. 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a metabolite of MPTP, causes rapid onset of irreversible
Desmethylprodine
Protein pore formed in mitochondria under pathological conditions
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP or MPTP; also referred to as PTP, mTP, or MTP) is a protein pore complex that forms in the inner mitochondrial
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore
Mitochondrial_permeability_transition_pore
Structure in the basal ganglia of the brain
substantia nigra). MPTP, is a neurotoxin specific to dopaminergic cells in the brain, specifically in the substantia nigra. MPTP was brought to the spotlight
Substantia_nigra
Monoaminergic neurotoxin
HPTP is a monoaminergic neurotoxin related to MPTP. It is the dehydration product of haloperidol. The agent is specifically a dopaminergic and serotonergic
HPTP
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Benomyl
Monoaminergic neurotoxin related to MPTP and metabolites of haloperidol
humans. HPP+ is structurally related to the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP (and its active metabolite MPP+), which induces Parkinson's disease-like
HPP+
Chemical compound
pathology to Parkinson's disease in aged rhesus monkeys from MPTP. Therefore, the mechanism behind MPTP as it relates to Parkinson's disease is not fully understood
Rotenone
Toxic mercury cation
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Methylmercury
Typical antipsychotic medication
haloperidol metabolizes into HPP+, a monoaminergic neurotoxin related to MPTP. This might be involved in the extrapyramidal symptoms that develop with
Haloperidol
for the discovery of the link between a "synthetic heroin" contaminant (MPTP) and parkinsonism. In 1982 William Langston was head of neurology at Santa
William_Langston
Chemical compound
transition pore (MPTP), thus preventing MPTP opening. The MPTP is found in the mitochondrial membrane of cardiac muscle cells. MPTP opening signifies
Ciclosporin
Chemical compound
however, a 2022 review concluded that maneb, alongside other pesticides like MPTP, paraquat, and rotenone, play a prominent role in the development of the
Maneb
Chemical compound used as an herbicide
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Paraquat
Opioid analgesic drug
MPPP byproduct MPTP. It appears that the N-methyl group of MPTP is required for neurotoxic activity. In animal experiments, only MPTP analogues that preserved
PEPAP
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
Inactive metabolite of the neurotransmitter serotonin
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
5-Hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde
Interruption of a chemical pathway
3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was discovered. MPTP is able to cross the blood brain barrier and enter acidic lysosomes. MPTP is biologically activated
Competitive_inhibition
Neurotransmitter metabolite and neurotoxin
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde
Chemical compound
differentiation. 9-Me-BC also inhibited the oxidation of the neurotoxin precursor MPTP to the dopaminergic neurotoxin MPP+ in vitro and displayed protective effects
9-Methyl-β-carboline
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Zinc bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate)
Zinc_bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate)
Models used in Parkinson's disease research
6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a widely used neurotoxin in Parkinson's disease research (Figure 4). In contrast to 6-OHDA, MPTP crosses the BBB which
Animal models of Parkinson's disease
Animal_models_of_Parkinson's_disease
Drug that causes an adverse reaction to alcohol
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Disulfiram-like_drug
Syndrome characterized by tremor, slowed movements, rigidity, and imbalance
Carbon monoxide Carbon disulfide Cyanide Ethanol Hexane Mercury Methanol MPTP Rotenone Toluene (inhalant abuse: "huffing") Vascular Parkinsonism is typically
Parkinsonism
Rapid transit in Saudi Arabia
metro forms part of the 62-billion-riyal Mecca Public Transport Programme (MPTP), which will include integrated bus services. The four proposed metro lines
Mecca_Metro
Chemical compound
irradiation with natural sunlight. Danitol, Meothrin, Tame. 6-Hydroxydopamine MPTP Norsalsolinol Rotenone Aizawa H (2 December 2012). Metabolic Maps of Pesticides
Fenpropathrin
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
mitochondrial toxins. Paraquat, for instance, structurally resembles metabolized MPTP, which selectively kills dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting mitochondrial
Parkinson's_disease
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Disulfiram
Chemical compound
(January 2001). "[Mexidol potentiates antiparkinsonian effect of L-DOPA in MPTP-induced parkinsonism model]". Eksperimental'naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia
Emoxypine
Illegal preparation of chemicals
to occupants. MPTP may be accidentally produced during the manufacture of MPPP. 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a metabolite of MPTP, causes rapid
Clandestine_chemistry
British-Australian computer scientist
Automated reasoning challenges, including the Modal Logic $100 Challenge, the MPTP $100 Challenges, and the SUMO $100 Challenges. Together with Stephan Schulz
Geoff_Sutcliffe
Emulsion of fat for human intravenous use
transition pore (mPTP) is normally closed during ischemia, but calcium overload and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) with reperfusion open mPTP allowing
Lipid_emulsion
Psychoactive drug, often called ecstasy
Pharmacodynamics v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa
MDMA
Potent human TAAR1 antagonist
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
RTI-7470-44
Chemical compound
and this is often achieved either with oxidopamine or another neurotoxin MPTP. Both these agents likely destroy neurons by generating reactive oxygen species
Oxidopamine
Chemical compound
in cortical and spinal levels of noradrenaline. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine MPTP Oxidopamine Daw NW, Videen TO, Parkinson D, Rader RK (1985). "DSP-4
DSP-4
Medication
(DSP-4), and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in animals. Conversely, selegiline is ineffective in protecting against
Selegiline
Organic compound involved in immune responses
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Histamine
Pharmaceutical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Para-Bromomethamphetamine
Central nervous system stimulant
Receptor/signaling modulators v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa
Methamphetamine
Pharmaceutical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
3C-BOH
Chemical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
RO5166017
Chemical compound
neuroprotective effects, reducing brain damage caused by 6-hydroxydopamine or MPTP and also increasing levels of the neurotrophic factor BDNF in the brain,
LY-503430
Toxin harmful to nervous tissue
Chinese electronics factories in recent years. MPP+, the toxic metabolite of MPTP is a selective neurotoxin which interferes with oxidative phosphorylation
Neurotoxin
Family of biomolecules
neurons. Specifically, studies have shown GDNF plays a protective role against MPTP toxins for DA neurons. It has also been detected in motor neurons of embryonic
Neurotrophic_factors
Chemical compound
pethidine (meperidine), ketobemidone, alvimopan, loperamide, and diphenoxylate. MPTP Phenylpiperidine Media related to 4-Phenylpiperidine at Wikimedia Commons
4-Phenylpiperidine
Organic chemical that functions both as a hormone and a neurotransmitter
sports-related concussions, and some forms of chemical poisoning such as MPTP, can lead to substantial cell loss, producing a parkinsonian syndrome that
Dopamine
Organic compound, a stimulant in humans
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Phenethylamine
Catecholaminergic neurotoxin
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
6-Hydroxydopa
Chemical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
3-Iodothyronamine
American neurologist and neuroscientist
"Inducible nitric oxide synthase stimulates dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the MPTP model of Parkinson disease". Nat Med. 5 (12): 1403–9. doi:10.1038/70978.
Ted_M._Dawson
Pharmaceutical compound
(Clo) or trichloroethylene. The drug shows structural similarity to MPTP. As with MPTP, it acts as an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, but shows greater
1-Trichloromethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline
1-Trichloromethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline
Chemical compound
to them has potent neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects on LTS- and MPTP-treated dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway, but notably without
3-Hydroxymorphinan
Gastrointestinal dysfunction and Parkinson's disease
pre-treatment reduced nigrostriatal dopaminergic cell neurodegeneration in MPTP mouse model Ceftriaxone Antibiotic beta-lactum neuroprotective Doxycycline
Parkinson's disease and gut-brain axis
Parkinson's_disease_and_gut-brain_axis
Chemical compound
treatment protocols are neuroprotective against neurotoxicity induced with MPTP and MPP+ in cultured midbrain (mesencephalic) and hippocampal organotypic
CX614
Class of recreational drugs
meperidine. One, MPPP, was found in some cases to contain an impurity called MPTP, which caused brain damage that could result in a syndrome identical to late
Designer_drug
Chemical compound
parenteral nutrition. It shows dose-dependent neuroprotective effects against MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in rodents. It was suggested that this
Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate
Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate
American neuroscientist
1-methyl-4-(2'-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (2'-NH2-MPTP): a comparative study with 2'-CH3-MPTP and MPTP". Journal of Neurochemistry. 60 (3): 1167–70. doi:10
Anne_M._Andrews
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
microglial cells. In the model of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease, mice received intraperitoneal injections of MPTP or a placebo (e.g., salt water) daily
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2
Hydroxycarboxylic_acid_receptor_2
Human pseudogene
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
TAAR3
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Daidzin
Chemical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Cathinone
Pharmaceutical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Compound 22 (TAAR1 antagonist)
Compound_22_(TAAR1_antagonist)
Small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain
rigidity, and tremor in Parkinson disease. This was first shown in the MPTP primate model in a paper by Bergman and colleagues. This inspired Benazzouz
Subthalamic_nucleus
Pharmaceutical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
3-Methoxyphenethylamine
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Α-Methyldopamine
Synthetic hallucinogen
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
25I-NBOMe
Chemical compound
disorder, is thought to be caused by certain neurotoxins. A neurotoxin called MPTP (1[N]-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine), the precursor to MPP+
Isoquinoline
Theory for what causes mental degenerative diseases
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Catecholaldehyde_hypothesis
Class of chemical compounds
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Catecholamine
Recreational drug
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Mephedrone
Protein and coding gene in humans
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
TAAR6
Chemical compound
oxidase by an analogue of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine". Neuroscience Letters. 70
4-Benzylpiperidine
Chemical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Β-Methylphenethylamine
Chemical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
NM-2-AI
Pharmaceutical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
2C-O-22
Experimentation using other primate animals
awarded a Nobel Prize for their work. In 1983, designer drug users took MPTP, which created a Parkinsonian syndrome. Later that same year, researchers
Animal testing on non-human primates
Animal_testing_on_non-human_primates
Naturally occurring psychedelic compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Mescaline
Chemical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Thyronamine
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine
3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine
Chemical compound
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
Trifluoromethylaminoindane
cover about 88 stations.The Mecca Metro (Makkah Public Transport Program - MPTP) is a major Saudi project featuring light rail lines (B & C, with A & D in
List of projects of the Belt and Road Initiative
List_of_projects_of_the_Belt_and_Road_Initiative
American cognitive neuroscientist
only in motor function. He validated these observations in patients with MPTP-induced Parkinson's. In the long-standing Predictors study, Stern has been
Yaakov_Stern
Chemical compound
qualities. Dihydrexidine has shown impressive antiparkinson effects in the MPTP-primate model, and has been investigated for the treatment of Parkinson's
Dihydrexidine
Chemical compound
Substituted tryptamine § Related compounds BRL-54443 LY-334370 LY-367,265 MPMI MPTP Naratriptan RU-24969 Sertindole Taylor EW, Nikam SS, Lambert G, Martin AR
SN-22
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
is a major component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and, thus, highly involved in mitochondrial metabolism and apoptosis, as
PPIF
Organic compounds which include diphenylmethane
19-005 Tricyclic: 9-Aminomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracene, phenindamine (see MPTP) Tetracyclic: maprotiline, dihydrexidine, butaclamol, ecopipam Tetrahydrobenzazepine:
Benzhydryl_compounds
Stimulant and entactogen drug of the amphetamine class
v t e Monoaminergic neurotoxins Dopaminergic 2′-CH3-MPTP (2′-methyl-MPTP) 2,4,5-THA 2,4,5-THMA 4-MMA 5-S-Cysteinyldopamine 5,6-DHT 6-Hydroxydopa 6-OHDA
4-Methylmethamphetamine
PARP-1 dependent cell death
(MPTP) is a neurotoxin that has been linked to neurodegeneration and development of Parkinson Disease-like symptoms in patients since 1983. The MPTP toxin's
Parthanatos
Pharmaceutical compound
3-Methylphenethylamine 4-Methylphenethylamine β-Methylphenethylamine Methamphetamine MMA MPTP Naphazoline Nomifensine Norfenfluramine Oxymetazoline Phentermine Phentolamine
Fluoroproscaline
Protein-coding gene in humans
as a cognitive enhancer. It also showed profound antiparkinson effects in MPTP-treated primates, but caused profound hypotension in one early clinical trial
Dopamine_receptor_D1
Chemical compound
rats. Substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline Norsalsolinol 6-Hydroxydopamine MPTP Rotenone Pesnot, Thomas; Gershater, Markus C.; Ward, John M.; Hailes, Helen
Salsolinol
Chemical compound
monoamine reuptake blocker brasofensine reverses akinesia without dyskinesia in MPTP-treated and levodopa-primed common marmosets". Movement Disorders. 17 (5):
Brasofensine
Chemical compound
activity of L-propyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide or melanocyte-inhibiting factor in MPTP-treated common marmosets". Movement Disorders. 22 (5): 715–9. doi:10.1002/mds
Melanocyte-inhibiting_factor
MPTP
MPTP
MPTP
MPTP
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sriman | à®·à¯à®°à¯€à®®à®¾à®¨
Male
Portuguese
Galician-Portuguese form of French Louis, LOIS means "famous warrior."Â Compare with feminine Lois.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Satisfied
Boy/Male
Indian
Maternal Uncle of God Krishna
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sampavi | ஸமà¯à®ªà®¾à®µà¯€Â
Goddess of war
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Armored by the Gods
Boy/Male
Indian
Girl/Female
Arabic, Hebrew, Muslim
Rose
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Hero for Heaven
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, German, Swedish
Little Woman; War
MPTP
MPTP
MPTP
MPTP
MPTP