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Measure of pressure exerted by large dissolved molecules in biological fluids
Oncotic pressure, or colloid osmotic-pressure, is a type of osmotic pressure induced by the plasma proteins, notably albumin, in a blood vessel's plasma
Oncotic_pressure
Accumulation of excess fluid in tissue
also occur in people with increased hydrostatic venous pressure or decreased oncotic venous pressure due to obstruction of lymphatic or venous vessels draining
Edema
Mathematical description of fluid movements
small venule is determined by the hydrostatic pressures and colloid osmotic pressures (oncotic pressure) on either side of a semipermeable barrier that
Starling_equation
Term for several kidney diseases
the oncotic pressure of the blood. This results in edema, as the oncotic pressure in tissue remains the same. Although decreased intravascular oncotic (i
Glomerulonephritis
Type of globular protein produced by the liver
maintaining the oncotic pressure needed for proper distribution of body fluids between blood vessels and body tissues; without albumin, the high pressure in the
Serum_albumin
Fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs
using the Starling equation. There are two hydrostatic pressures and two oncotic (protein) pressures that determine the fluid movement within the lung air
Pulmonary_edema
Functional unit of nephron
hydrostatic pressure Pbc is the Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure πgc is the glomerular capillary oncotic pressure πbc is the Bowman's capsule oncotic pressure
Glomerulus_(kidney)
Severe swelling throughout the body
Extreme discomfort Debilitation Anasarca is often caused by a decreased oncotic pressure. Liver failure Kidney failure Right-sided heart failure Severe protein
Anasarca
Abnormally low levels of albumin in the blood
gastrointestinal tract. One of the roles of albumin is being the major driver of oncotic pressure (protein concentration within the blood) in the bloodstream and the
Hypoalbuminemia
Thiazide-like diuretic drug
increased hydrostatic pressure or reduced oncotic pressure in the blood vessels. Edema due to increased hydrostatic pressure may be a result of serious cardiopulmonary
Chlortalidone
Physical quantity
vessels is the pressure of the blood against the wall. It is the opposing force to oncotic pressure. In capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (also known as
Hydrostatic_pressure
Proteins present in blood serum
for 55% of blood proteins, is a major contributor to maintaining the oncotic pressure of plasma and assists, as a carrier, in the transport of lipids and
Plasma_protein
Family of globular proteins
Globulins exert oncotic pressure. Their deficiency results in loss of carrier functions of globulins, oedema due to decreased oncotic pressure, and susceptibility
Globulin
Loss of function in the spine's intervertebral discs
within the fluid contained in the disc, with resultant reduction of the oncotic pressure, which in turn causes loss of fluid volume. Normal downward forces
Degenerative_disc_disease
Membrane lining the lungs and the thoracic cavity wall
the parietal pleura. The combination of surface tension, oncotic pressure, and the fluid pressure drop caused by the inward elastic recoil of the lung parenchyma
Pleura
Smallest type of blood vessel
flow into them but not out. Lymph capillaries have a greater internal oncotic pressure than blood capillaries, due to the greater concentration of plasma
Capillary
Extravascular fluid with a low protein and specific gravity
that:[citation needed] Increase hydrostatic pressure in vessels: left ventricular heart failure, Decrease oncotic pressure in blood vessels: Cirrhosis (Cirrhosis
Transudate
Substance that raises blood pressure
blood should not be used solely for volume expansion or to increase oncotic pressure of circulating blood.[medical citation needed] Blood products should
Antihypotensive
British physiologist (1866–1927)
pores in the wall by hydrostatic pressure and driven in by the osmotic pressure of plasma proteins (or oncotic pressure). These opposing forces approximately
Ernest_Starling
Microvessel serving to drain and process extracellular fluid
the lymphatic capillary. Lymph capillaries have a greater internal oncotic pressure than blood capillaries, due to the greater concentration of plasma
Lymph_capillary
Pressure between two fluids from forces between the fluids and tube walls
excreting waste throughout the body. There exist pressure gradients (due to hydrostatic and oncotic pressures) in the capillaries that control blood flow at
Capillary_pressure
Hormone system
capillaries. This in turn leads to a decreased hydrostatic pressure and increased oncotic pressure (due to unfiltered plasma proteins) in the peritubular
Renin–angiotensin_system
Symptoms resulting from kidney damage
excess fluid in the body due to serum hypoalbuminemia. Lower serum oncotic pressure causes fluid to accumulate in the interstitial tissues. Sodium and
Nephrotic_syndrome
Physiologic phenomenon
hydrostatic pressures in the tubules, interstitium, and peritubular capillaries are normally equivalent, oncotic pressures govern flow. Typically, oncotic pressures
Aldosterone_escape
Calculation used in medicine
(11g/L) because serum oncotic pressure (pulling fluid back into circulation) is exactly counterbalanced by the serum hydrostatic pressure (which pushes fluid
Serum-ascites albumin gradient
Serum-ascites_albumin_gradient
Large plasma protein found in the blood
albumin in the nephrotic syndrome, which has the effect of maintaining oncotic pressure. Human α2-macroglobulin is composed of four identical subunits bound
Alpha-2-Macroglobulin
Albumin found in human blood
hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH, and maintains oncotic pressure, among other functions. Albumin is synthesized in the liver as preproalbumin
Human_serum_albumin
Severe protein malnutrition
reduced oncotic (i.e. colloid osmotic pressure, COP) in the blood, as a consequence of inadequate protein intake, so that the hydrostatic pressure gradient
Kwashiorkor
Family of globular proteins
pharmaceuticals (including barbiturates). Its main function is to regulate the oncotic pressure of blood. The isoelectric point of albumin is 4.7. Alpha-fetoprotein
Albumin
Behaviour of charged particles near a semi-permeable membrane
dialysis". Journal of Pharmacological Methods, May 1987. Gibbs–Donnan effect simulator Difference between observed and expected oncotic pressure values
Gibbs–Donnan_effect
Serum albumin protein derived from cows
b-form, %: 18 BSA, like other serum albumins, is critical in providing oncotic pressure within capillaries, transporting fatty acids, bilirubin, minerals and
Bovine_serum_albumin
Fibrocartilaginous structure of spine
sulfate. Increasing the amount of negatively charged aggrecan increases oncotic pressure, resulting in a shift of extracellular fluid from the outside to the
Intervertebral_disc
Accumulation of fluid in at least two fetal compartments
decreases albumin output which in turn decreases oncotic pressure. Consequentially, the decrease in pressure results in overall peripheral edema and ascites
Hydrops_fetalis
Medical condition
lead to edema, particularly in the legs and abdomen, due to decreased oncotic pressure. Nutritional deficiencies may develop due to malabsorption, leading
Lymphangiectasia
Dynamics of blood flow
with a colloid osmotic pressure (OP). A colloid is a fluid containing particles that are large enough to exert an oncotic pressure across the micro-vascular
Hemodynamics
Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity
components of the Starling forces – hydrostatic pressure, permeability, and oncotic pressure (effective pressure due to the composition of the pleural fluid
Pleural_effusion
Moist shedding of the skin following radiation exposure
because of loss of integrity of the epithelial barrier and decreased oncotic pressure. Moist desquamation is a rare complication for most forms of radiology;
Moist_desquamation
Part of kidney tissue
ions which were not filtered through the glomerulus. This provides an oncotic pressure for ions to enter the vasa recta from the interstitium.[citation needed]
Loop_of_Henle
Medical condition
lead to edema, particularly in the legs and abdomen, due to decreased oncotic pressure. Nutritional deficiencies may develop due to malabsorption, leading
Waldmann_disease
output Pressure Pulse pressure (systolic pressure - diastolic pressure) Mean arterial pressure (usually approximated with diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse
Cardiovascular_physiology
Vertebrate organ involved in metabolism
protein in blood serum. Albumin is essential in the maintenance of oncotic pressure and acts as a transport for fatty acids and steroid hormones. The liver
Liver
Abnormally increased portal venous pressure
there is increased hydrostatic pressure and decreased production of albumin, which lead to decreased oncotic pressure. The management of ascites needs
Portal_hypertension
Blood tests indicating the state of the liver
The consequence of low albumin can be edema since the intravascular oncotic pressure becomes lower than the extravascular space. An alternative to albumin
Liver_function_tests
decreased Atriopeptin (ANP) secretion from the atria; (3) increased oncotic pressure (Starling forces); (4) increased activity of the Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone
Effective arterial blood volume
Effective_arterial_blood_volume
Kidney disease causing nephrotic syndrome
its serum (blood) concentration decreases. Consequently, the plasma oncotic pressure reduces relative to the interstitial tissue. The subsequent movement
Minimal_change_disease
Renal function test
are virtually incapable of escaping the glomerular capillaries, this oncotic pressure is defined, simply, by the ideal gas law: Π G = R T c {\displaystyle
Glomerular_filtration_rate
Medical techniques to separate one or more components of blood
as the 3:1 ratio of normal saline for plasma is needed to keep up oncotic pressure. Some institutions use human serum albumin, but it is costly and can
Apheresis
Heart disease with narrowing of valve
hypertension. Pulmonary capillary pressures in this level cause an imbalance between the hydrostatic pressure and the oncotic pressure, leading to extravasation
Mitral_stenosis
Medical condition
predispose to increased hydrostatic pressure (heart failure and renal insufficiency) or decreased oncotic pressure (liver failure, malnutrition, nephrotic
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload
Transfusion-associated_circulatory_overload
Blood vessel carrying blood out away from glomerulus
period of time, the colloid oncotic pressure of the capillaries will increase, counteracting the increased hydrostatic pressure from the efferent constriction
Efferent_arteriole
Inflammatory disease of the kidney
proteins in the blood vessels will reduce the total plasma oncotic pressure. This pressure results from water, electrolytes, proteins, and other substrates
Glomerulonephrosis
Kidney disease
cholesterol (compensatory by the liver to compensate for low serum oncotic pressure) Fatty casts in the urine (secondary to hypercholesterolemia) FSGS
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Focal_segmental_glomerulosclerosis
Class of enzymes
transudates (passively secreted fluid, due to a high hydrostatic pressure or a low oncotic pressure). The usual criterion (included in Light's criteria) is that
Lactate_dehydrogenase
Topics referred to by the same term
and Middle Eastern cuisine PISI, Linux software package πc capillary oncotic pressure in the Starling equation Tusi Pisi (b. 1982), Samoan international
Pisi
Medical condition
volume expansion, which causes hypertension and reflex bradycardia. The oncotic pressure of blood will decrease as a result of the dilution of serum proteins
Transurethral resection of the prostate syndrome
Transurethral_resection_of_the_prostate_syndrome
Inflammatory intestinal disease in horses
actually increase reflux production, due to the decreased intravascular oncotic pressure from low total protein and albumin levels, leading to loss of much
Equine_proximal_enteritis
Potentially fatal complication of pregnancy
fluid. The disruption then causes a buildup of hydrostatic pressures and oncotic pressures leaking the fetal fluid into the maternal circulation. This
Amniotic_fluid_embolism
Medical condition
protein, which may lead to peripheral edema caused by the lowered oncotic pressures. Hyperpigmentation of the skin occurs in almost half; some also have
Whipple's_disease
(link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) "Hydrostatic and Oncotic Pressures". CV Physiology. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2012. Brandis, Kerry
Surface chemistry of microvasculature
Surface_chemistry_of_microvasculature
Austrian physician and researcher
focusing on potential benefits related to endothelial function and oncotic pressure in hypoalbuminemic patients. Wiedermann has published on ethical questions
Christian_J._Wiedermann
Fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system
arterial (coming from the heart) end of capillaries because of the higher pressure of blood compared to veins, and most of it returns to its venous ends and
Lymph
Excess accumulation of fluid in the brain
swelling of the cells. The ultimate consequence of cytotoxic edema is the oncotic death of neurons. The swelling of the individual cells of the brain is
Cerebral_edema
Medical emergency due to low blood volume
improved outcomes, while other studies have shown resuscitation with hyper-oncotic starch leads to increased mortality rate and renal failure. Patients in
Hypovolemic_shock
Body fluid outside the cells of a multicellular organism
abundance in the plasma, are responsible for the so-called "oncotic" or "colloid" osmotic pressure which draws water back into the capillary, especially at
Extracellular_fluid
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