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Application programming interface
An operating system abstraction layer (OSAL) provides an application programming interface (API) to an abstract operating system making it easier and
Operating system abstraction layer
Operating_system_abstraction_layer
Way of hiding details of a computing subsystem
computing, an abstraction layer or abstraction level is a way of hiding the working details of a subsystem. Examples of software models that use layers of abstraction
Abstraction_layer
Software that hides details of hardware access
NetBSD operating system is widely known as having a clean hardware abstraction layer which allows it to be highly portable. As part of this system are uvm(9)/pmap(9)
Hardware_abstraction
Family of distributed open-source operating systems
used as an operating system or in parts with other operating systems via Kernel Abstraction Layer subsystems. The first version of OpenHarmony was launched
OpenHarmony
Layer for end-to-end network communication
networking, the transport layer is an abstraction layer in the Internet protocol suite and the OSI model. The protocols of this layer provide end-to-end communication
Transport_layer
Format defined in the H.264/AVC and HEVC video coding standards
The Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) is a part of the H.264/AVC and HEVC video coding standards. The main goal of the NAL is the provision of a "network-friendly"
Network_Abstraction_Layer
Reference model for network communication
purpose of systems interconnection." In the OSI reference model, the components of a communication system are distinguished in seven abstraction layers: Physical
OSI_model
Watch watchOS Apple TV tvOS Embedded operating systems bridgeOS Apple Vision Pro visionOS Embedded operating systems A/ROSE iPod software (unnamed embedded
List_of_operating_systems
Core of a computer operating system
kernel's interface is a low-level abstraction layer. When a process requests a service from the kernel, it must invoke a system call, usually through a wrapper
Kernel_(operating_system)
Free software multimedia library
Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL) is a cross-platform software development library designed to provide a hardware abstraction layer for computer multimedia
Simple_DirectMedia_Layer
Structure of the operating system
The architecture of Windows NT, a line of operating systems produced and sold by Microsoft, is a layered design that consists of two main components, user
Architecture_of_Windows_NT
Experimental operating system from Microsoft Research
itself an extension of C#) and runs in unprotected mode. The hardware abstraction layer is written in C++ and runs in protected mode. There is also some C
Singularity (operating system)
Singularity_(operating_system)
Software that provides access that hides details
Language abstraction is a central form of abstraction in computing: new artificial languages are developed to express specific aspects of a system. Modeling
Abstraction (computer science)
Abstraction_(computer_science)
Operating system
lightweight operating system designed primarily for browsing the Internet on netbooks and mobile Internet devices. Also known as a “virtual operating system,” a
Cloud_(operating_system)
Operating system kernel
systems. Operating systems generally present hardware resources to applications through high-level abstractions such as (virtual) file systems. The idea
Exokernel
First implementation of paged virtual memory
in order, layer 0 first, with thorough testing of the abstractions provided by each layer in turn. This division of the kernel into layers was similar
THE_multiprogramming_system
Real-time operating system by IntervalZero
generation, and other uses. Hardware abstraction layer extension – RTX / RTX64 relies on a Windows hardware abstraction layer (HAL) extension to initialize the
RTX_(operating_system)
Abstract virtualized representation of a computer network interface
network interfaces, and since the desired abstraction may already be available through the operating system, its usage is rare. Loopback Network virtualization
Virtual_network_interface
Distributed file system protocol
and supporting various file systems like GPFS/Spectrum Scale, CephFS via respective FSAL (File System Abstraction Layer) modules. The CephFS FSAL is
Network_File_System
Operating system designed to operate on multiple systems over a network computer
A distributed operating system is system software over a collection of independent software, networked, communicating, and physically separate computational
Distributed_operating_system
Software that manages computer hardware resources
own operating system and file system. Unlike multicomputers, they may be dispersed anywhere in the world. Middleware, an additional software layer between
Operating_system
General principle for managing complexity through abstraction
disadvantages of abstraction. Here, the adding of extra levels of indirection may cause higher layers to duplicate the functionality of lower layers, leading
Fundamental theorem of software engineering
Fundamental_theorem_of_software_engineering
Research operating system from Microsoft Research
Verve consists of a small Nucleus, which acts as a minimal hardware abstraction layer, and a Kernel, which uses primitives provided by the Nucleus to expose
Verve_(operating_system)
Linux kernel APIs and ABIs
specification. Simple DirectMedia Layer: abstraction API for input/sound/etc. available for many operating systems. Simple and Fast Multimedia Library:
Linux_kernel_interfaces
Library of modules (software)
and abstractions that guide future development of POE in an open-ended CPAN-style convention. The informal architecture consists of a set of layers with
Perl_Object_Environment
Operating system
A2 (formerly named Active Object System (AOS), and then Bluebottle) is a modular, object-oriented operating system with features including automatic garbage-collected
A2_(operating_system)
Computing system architecture
strict layered system, each layer depends on the layer below it and can exist without the layers above it. In a relaxed layered system, a layer can also
Multitier_architecture
Distributed operating system by Huawei
microkernel design with a single framework: the operating system selects suitable kernels from the abstraction layer in the case of devices that use diverse resources
HarmonyOS
Free and open-source Unix-like operating system
computers to modern ARM-based systems, Raspberry Pis, and RISC-V hardware. Portability is assisted by a hardware abstraction layer that separates machine-independent
NetBSD
Software subsystem for UNIX-like operating systems
(Hardware Abstraction Layer or rather Hardware Annotation Library) is a software subsystem for UNIX-like operating systems providing hardware abstraction. HAL
HAL_(software)
Mail transfer agent
resistant to race condition attacks on systems that implement the POSIX file system API. This abstraction layer does not affect the attack resistance of
Postfix_(software)
Run-Time Abstraction Services (RTAS) is run-time firmware that provides abstraction to some operating systems. These include those running on IBM System i and
Run-Time_Abstraction_Services
Computer operating system
compatibility with DEC's existing RSX-11M operating system. Prior to the V4.0 release, VAX/VMS included a compatibility layer named the RSX Application Migration
OpenVMS
Application running at the network layer and above
sensor network In computer network programming, the application layer is an abstraction layer reserved for communications protocols and methods designed for
Network_service
Type of computer data storage
the following features: Abstraction of logical storage services and capabilities from the underlying physical storage systems, and in some cases pooling
Software-defined_storage
Server operating system
hardware. This isolation is more thorough than the hardware abstractions of other operating systems, and includes abstracting the instruction set architecture
IBM_i
Software that emulates an entire computer
of them can serve as an abstraction layer for any computer language.[citation needed] A special case of process VMs are systems that abstract over the
Virtual_machine
Distributed operating system
incorporating a modular OpenHarmony system.[citation needed] It achieves compatibility through an abstraction layer that supports POSIX APIs and integrates
HarmonyOS_5
Software that manages separately different parts of display screens
Buffer Management (GBM) or Nvidia's EGLStreams. The Gralloc hardware abstraction layer (HAL) is used to allocate the buffers that underlie "surfaces". For
Windowing_system
Multitasking operating system written in Oberon
a hardware abstraction layer (HAL). Its goal is to be as compatible as possible to PC-Native Oberon. Other versions of the Oberon System, without Native
Oberon_(operating_system)
Commercial web browser
features an abstraction layer, which enables its software to be ported across various hardware and Operating System platforms. An abstraction layer implementation
Oregano_(web_browser)
Real-time operating system
organized in layers: The lowest layer (1) is responsible for control of the embedded system hardware (HAL: Hardware abstraction layer). The next layer (2) kernel:
Rodos_(operating_system)
Operating system built for microcontrollers
"Tock Operating System Design". "Multiprogramming a 64 kB Computer Safely and Efficiently" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-10-12. "Abstraction Layers and Energy
Tock_(operating_system)
Specification of Object Management Group
(EAI). Platform package represents the operating environment of the software, related to the operating system, middleware, etc. including the control
Knowledge_Discovery_Metamodel
Tendency of software architects to replicate their development platform
are often created to present a simpler (and often more portable) abstraction layer on top of lower level services that either have an awkward interface
Inner-platform_effect
Application programming interface
handheld games and media applications providing a cross-platform abstraction layer for other media technologies such as OpenGL ES, OpenVG, OpenMAX AL
OpenKODE
Programming language
architecture is a tight coupling to the Windows architecture, with a thin abstraction layer into objects. This allows direct use of the rich Windows OS API, but
Actor_(programming_language)
particular operating systems. The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available operating system
Comparison of operating system kernels
Comparison_of_operating_system_kernels
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. CP/M is a disk operating system and
CP/M
Distributed operating system developed by Vivo
supports Linux kernel alongside its own RTOS kernel, with a Kernel Abstraction Layer atop both kernels, similar to OpenHarmony and HarmonyOS. It also supports
BlueOS
Computer software that provides services to software applications
driver, an abstraction layer that hides detail about hardware devices or other software from an application. The Android operating system uses the Linux
Middleware
Comprehensive outline of core abstractions in the field of computer science
abstractions are foundational concepts that underlie virtually all of the programming tasks that software developers engage in. By providing a layer of
List of abstractions (computer science)
List_of_abstractions_(computer_science)
2017 Android mobile operating system
software distribution of the operating system for low-end devices – and support for implementing a hardware abstraction layer. As of January 2026, 2.56%
Android_Oreo
System for exchanging messages between computing systems
operating system independent. The best-known frameworks are the TCP/IP model and the OSI model. At the time the Internet was developed, abstraction layering
Communication_protocol
agreements (NDAs) and include a limited number of nonfree hardware abstraction layer (HAL) modules for specific device drivers in their source tree, to
Comparison of BSD operating systems
Comparison_of_BSD_operating_systems
that uses the eCos real-time operating system Hardware Abstraction Layer to provide bootstrap firmware for embedded systems. RedBoot allows download and
RedBoot
Type of computer virtualisation
virtualization overhead. By creating an abstraction layer capable of running software compiled for a different computer system, cross-platform virtualization characterizes
Cross-platform_virtualization
High-speed interface technology
UniPro and its underlying physical layer were designed to support low power operation needed for battery-operated systems. These features range from power-efficient
UniPro
Computer system that provides behavior needed by running code
runtime system is implemented as an abstraction layer that translates the invocation of the runtime system into an invocation of the operating system. This
Runtime_system
Topics referred to by the same term
asteroid hal.dll, the hardware abstraction layer, a critical system file in Microsoft Windows acting between the operating system and the computer's hardware
Hal
Software library for microcontrollers
logically separates the abstractions of the user app and the platform-dependent code. The user application and the low level disk I/O layer (driver) must be
FatFs
Operating system for network equipment
DNOS or Dell Networking Operating System is a network operating system running on switches from Dell Networking. It is derived from either the PowerConnect
Dell Networking Operating System
Dell_Networking_Operating_System
the Windows NT stream of operating systems a hub for multi-platform computing. Others include four Hardware Abstraction layers, one for Intel processors
Environmental_subsystem
Real-time operating system
from ChibiOS. Additional products include ChibiOS/HAL, a hardware abstraction layer compatible with ChibiOS/RT, and ChibiStudio, a free integrated development
ChibiOS/RT
Layered model for component organization in software and robotics
distinguishing features of a hierarchical control system are related to its layers. Each higher layer of the tree operates with a longer interval of planning and
Hierarchical_control_system
Type of machine code
set of functions in the System Reference Manual (SRM) or AlphaBIOS firmware, providing a hardware abstraction layer for system software, covering features
PALcode
Software development environment
iPadOS, watchOS, tvOS, and visionOS operating systems. UIKit provides an abstraction layer of iOS, the operating system for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad
UIKit
Free software
to provide a consistent and high-level abstraction layer for a number of different package management systems. PackageKit was created by Richard Hughes
PackageKit
Framework for communication protocols used in IP networking
four abstraction layers, which classify all related protocols according to each protocol's scope of networking. An implementation of the layers for a
Internet_protocol_suite
Computer science term
memory systems. Shared memory systems do not permit abstraction of memory resources, thus requiring implementation with a single operating system instance
Memory_virtualization
Firmware family used on Force10 Ethernet switches
Broadcom: the developers at Force10 have written their own Hardware Abstraction Layer so that FTOS can run on different hardware platforms with minimal
FTOS
Environment in which a piece of software is executed
obfuscated under layers of abstraction, the summation of the required components comprise the computing platform. Sometimes, the most relevant layer for a specific
Computing_platform
Real-time extension for the Linux kernel
architecture case, providing additional abstraction and much lessened dependencies on the "patched" operating system. Adeos is a kernel patch comprising an
RTAI
Software to run Android apps on Linux
Android Automotive OS, including support for the Vehicle Hardware Abstraction Layer (VHAL). It is suited for use cases requiring high instance density
Anbox
Security by granting only essential access
Principle of Least Authority (PoLA), requires that in a particular abstraction layer of a computing environment, every module (such as a process, a user
Principle_of_least_privilege
Software architecture patterns operate at a higher level of abstraction than software design patterns, solving broader system-level challenges. While these
List of software architecture styles and patterns
List_of_software_architecture_styles_and_patterns
C programming language library
is a cross-platform abstraction layer library for the C programming language. It provides a uniform API for various operating system functions. NSPR was
Netscape_Portable_Runtime
Storage location for database objects
actual data underlying database objects can be kept. It provides a layer of abstraction between physical and logical data, and serves to allocate storage
Tablespace
Mobile operating system by Mozilla (2014–2018)
run-time services layer Gaia – an HTML5 layer and user-interface system Gonk consists of a Linux kernel and user-space hardware abstraction layer (HAL). The
Firefox_OS
Toolkit for building GUI and command-line based operating systems
C# Open Source Managed Operating System (Cosmos) is a toolkit for building GUI and command-line based operating systems, written mostly in the programming
Cosmos_(operating_system)
sending and receiving messages over a network. Jolie supports an abstraction layer that allows services to communicate using different mediums, ranging
Jolie_(programming_language)
Security-focused, Android-based mobile operating system
GrapheneOS (/ˈɡræfiːn.oʊˈɛs/) is an open-source mobile operating system focused on security and privacy, available for Google Pixel and future Motorola
GrapheneOS
Ability of computer system to run code for a different system
address space. It provides a hardware abstraction layer between Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X by virtualizing traps, system calls, and interrupts. It runs in a
Binary-code_compatibility
Operating system with Java virtual machine
(operating system) SunOS Android (operating system) Java Desktop System JX (operating system) Inferno (operating system) SavaJe Vino (operating system)
JavaOS
devices and the operating systems, communicating with each of these systems and executing commands. They provide an abstraction layer for the software
Device driver synthesis and verification
Device_driver_synthesis_and_verification
Kernel process in Windows NT operating systems
complex CPU power saving methods. On these systems the idle thread will call routines in the Hardware Abstraction Layer to reduce CPU clock speed or to implement
System_Idle_Process
Android operating system version for car infotainment systems
Vehicle Hardware Abstraction Layer (VHAL), which serves as a bridge between the vehicle's hardware and software components. The operating system was first announced
Android_Automotive
Software library
device handling and abstraction layer, and integrated windowing system with support for translucent windows and multiple display layers on top of the Linux
DirectFB
Linux power management middleware
DeviceKit-power) is a piece of middleware (an abstraction layer) for power management on Linux systems. It enumerates power sources, maintains statistics
UPower
3D graphics API developed by Apple Inc.
closely matched the capabilities of their workstation systems, operating as a hardware abstraction layer. The OpenGL API consisted mostly of state-setting
QuickDraw_3D
Network which provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage
not provide data file abstraction, only block-level storage and operations. Server operating systems maintain their own file systems on their own dedicated
Storage_area_network
Computer operating system command
which in turn closes the file with the corresponding system call. This additional layer of abstraction allows the function to remain portable across different
Close_(system_call)
High-Level Application Definition or abstraction of your business application. This definition is independent of the operating platform. Defining logic with
LANSA (development environment)
LANSA_(development_environment)
Microsoft computer operating system
em-ess-DOSS; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System, also known as Microsoft DOS) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly
MS-DOS
1993 Microsoft operating system version
abstraction layer represents the lowermost layer and isolates the operating system from the underlying hardware to make it easy to port the operating
Windows_NT_3.1
between higher and lower level languages, the level of abstraction changes from operating system commands (for example, in C) to register and circuit level
Abstraction principle (computer programming)
Abstraction_principle_(computer_programming)
Microsoft tool for Windows deployment
include a version of Sysprep that was independent of the hardware abstraction layer (HAL), in the "out of box" installation. Desktop deployment is typically
Sysprep
Any computer program for end-user use
Unlike system software, which focuses on hardware orchestration and resource management, application software is centered on problem abstraction, user
Application_software
Type of device file in Linux for interacting with flash memory
interacting with flash memory. The MTD subsystem was created to provide an abstraction layer between the hardware-specific device drivers and higher-level applications
Memory_Technology_Device
Operating system
type of operating system, written with no knowledge of the Unix source code, or compatibility goals. It uses different abstractions, and system calls,
Xinu
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Tamil
Attraction
Girl/Female
Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Attraction
Girl/Female
Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Tamil
Aakarshan | ஆகரà¯à®·à®£
Attraction
Aakarshan | ஆகரà¯à®·à®£
Boy/Male
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Attraction
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : variant of Lister.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Akarshana | அகரà¯à®·à®¾à®¨à®¾
Attraction
Akarshana | அகரà¯à®·à®¾à®¨à®¾
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Marathi
Attraction
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Attraction
Girl/Female
Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil, Traditional
Attraction
Girl/Female
English
Misty.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Attraction
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Attraction
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Attraction
Boy/Male
Norse
Happy.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Tamil
Attraction
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Best Among Deva's
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Light; Lamp
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Flowery
Boy/Male
Tamil
Naagadatha | நாகதாதா
One of the kauravas
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord of Life
Female
English
English variant spelling of French Denise, DENICE means "follower of Dionysos."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Sindhi
Earth; Universe
Boy/Male
Tamil
Satyavan | ஸதà¯à®¯à®µà®¾à®¨
Devoted to truth
Girl/Female
Greek, Indian
A Water-nymph; Enjoying Good Fortune
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
OPERATING SYSTEM-ABSTRACTION-LAYER
n.
The act of cooperating, or of operating together to one end; joint operation; concurrent effort or labor.
a.
Producing the appropriate or designed effect; efficacious; as, an operative dose, rule, or penalty.
a.
A separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a hermit's abstraction.
n.
The act or process of operating; agency; the exertion of power, physical, mechanical, or moral.
a.
The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or the state of being withdrawn; withdrawal.
n.
An assemblage of parts or organs, either in animal or plant, essential to the performance of some particular function or functions which as a rule are of greater complexity than those manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary system, the muscular system, the digestive system, etc.; hence, the whole body as a functional unity.
v. t.
To stem, or move against; as, to restem a current.
n.
The power or act of alluring, drawing to, inviting, or engaging; an attractive quality; as, the attraction of beauty or eloquence.
n.
The act or property of attracting; the effect of the power or operation of attraction.
a.
The act process of leaving out of consideration one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend to others; analysis. Thus, when the mind considers the form of a tree by itself, or the color of the leaves as separate from their size or figure, the act is called abstraction. So, also, when it considers whiteness, softness, virtue, existence, as separate from any particular objects.
a.
Having the power of abstracting; of an abstracting nature.
a.
Of or relating to a system; common to a system; as, the systemic circulation of the blood.
a.
Having the power of acting; hence, exerting force, physical or moral; active in the production of effects; as, an operative motive.
a.
Pertaining to abstraction.
n.
An assemblage of objects arranged in regular subordination, or after some distinct method, usually logical or scientific; a complete whole of objects related by some common law, principle, or end; a complete exhibition of essential principles or facts, arranged in a rational dependence or connection; a regular union of principles or parts forming one entire thing; as, a system of philosophy; a system of government; a system of divinity; a system of botany or chemistry; a military system; the solar system.
a.
Of or pertaining to the general system, or the body as a whole; as, systemic death, in distinction from local death; systemic circulation, in distinction from pulmonic circulation; systemic diseases.
n.
The act of operating or working; operation.
a.
An idea or notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; as, to fight for mere abstractions.
n.
Regular method or order; formal arrangement; plan; as, to have a system in one's business.
a.
Based upon, or consisting of, an operation or operations; as, operative surgery.