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Topics referred to by the same term
Look up palatalization in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Palatalization may refer to: Palatalization (phonetics), the phonetic feature of palatal secondary
Palatalization
Phonetic feature
Anglosphere, palatalization is frequently associated with Eastern-European accents, due in part to depictions within popular media. Palatalization is not phonemic
Palatalization_(phonetics)
Systematic shifting of speech sounds toward the hard palate
fronting or raising of vowels. In some cases, palatalization involves assimilation or lenition. Palatalization is sometimes an example of assimilation. In
Palatalization_(sound_change)
Type of secondary articulation
A labio-palatalized sound is one that is simultaneously labialized and palatalized. Typically the roundedness is compressed, like [y], rather than protruded
Labio-palatalization
The palatalization sign or palatalization mark is one of the historic signs of Cyrillic that was used in Old Church Slavonic to indicate the palatalization
Palatalization_sign
Topics referred to by the same term
Slavic palatalization may refer to: Slavic first palatalization, the first palatalization affecting the Slavic languages Slavic second palatalization, the
Slavic_palatalization
Sound change in Proto-Slavic
The Slavic first palatalization is a Proto-Slavic sound change that manifested as regressive palatalization of inherited Balto-Slavic velar consonants
Slavic_first_palatalization
Sound change affecting Proto-Slavic
The Slavic second palatalization is a Proto-Slavic sound change that manifested as a regressive palatalization of inherited Balto-Slavic velar consonants
Slavic_second_palatalization
Language of the Basque people
an affectionate palatalization of /d/. Palatalization of the rhotics is rare and occurs only in the eastern dialects. When palatalized, the rhotics become
Basque_language
Letter of the Cyrillic script
as an indicator of palatalization of the preceding consonant. In the Bulgarian language, it is only used to mark the palatalization of the preceding consonant
Soft_sign
Concept in linguistics
linguistics, palatalization is also loosely used to refer to certain sound-changes that are assumed to have followed from 'true' palatalization. For instance
Palatalization in the Romance languages
Palatalization_in_the_Romance_languages
Sounds and pronunciation of the Russian language
explanation of those alternations requires either a separate "palatalization phoneme" or palatalization as a phoneme alternation occurring before particular morphemes
Russian_phonology
the progressive palatalization. A dissenting view places the progressive palatalization before one or both regressive palatalizations. This dates back
History_of_Proto-Slavic
Consonants articulated with the tongue behind the alveolar ridge
(such as [ʃ ʒ], weakly palatalized); and alveolo-palatal (such as [ɕ ʑ], strongly palatalized). The increasing palatalization corresponds to progressively
Postalveolar_consonant
Common ancestor of all varieties of Greek
accompanied second-stage palatalization (see below), which postdates both of the previous changes (as well as first-stage palatalization). On the other hand
Proto-Greek_language
Finnic language south of Lake Onega, Russia
unclear whether the palatalization is a consequence of the front vowel, or the backing is the result of the lack of palatalization. Either analysis is
Veps_language
Cyrillic letter used in Kildin Sami
the Kildin Sami language, where it indicates palatalization (sometimes also called "half-palatalization") of the preceding stop, /nʲ/, /tʲ/, or /dʲ/.
Semisoft_sign
Sound made by stopping airflow in the glottis
secondary articulation (approximant-like release). It has been noted that palatalized and labialized glottal stops, respectively /ʔʲ/ and /ʔʷ/, are quite similar
Glottal_stop
regressive palatalization of velars. The second regressive palatalization of velars. The progressive palatalization of velars. Iotation, which palatalized all
History of the Slavic languages
History_of_the_Slavic_languages
Sound systems of the Bulgarian language
thought assumes palatalization as a phonemic distinction in Contemporary Standard Bulgarian and consequently states that it has 17 palatalized phonemes, rounding
Bulgarian_phonology
Phonetic changes in the Old Irish language
never be palatalized. Greene labels this stage the second palatalization, while McCone treats this as a substage of the first palatalization. The third
Phonological history of Old Irish
Phonological_history_of_Old_Irish
Modern writing system of 33 letters
ы⟩ or "soft" consonants ⟨я, ё, е, ю, и⟩. A soft sign ⟨ь⟩ indicates palatalization of the preceding consonant without adding a vowel. However, in modern
Russian_alphabet
Consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the roof of the mouth
ʎ/ in the Romance languages, see Palatalization (sound change) § Mouillé. Palatalization (phonetics) Palatalization (sound change) Place of articulation
Palatal_consonant
phonemic palatalization. Sibilant consonants (including affricates) in clusters assimilate with the place of articulation and palatalization state of
Ukrainian_phonology
Letters of the Cyrillic script
ь is also used to represent the palatalization of the previous consonant, while ъ represents a lack of palatalization. However, ъ is only necessary for
Yer
Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨r⟩ in IPA
рьяный/ŕjaný [ˈr̪ʲjän̪ɨ̞j] 'zealous' Apical, palatalized. Usually only a single vibration, presumably due to the palatalization. It contrasts with a post-alveolar
Voiced dental and alveolar trills
Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_trills
Pronunciation and sounds of Old English
by palatalization. Some cases of [j] developed from palatalization of [ɣ], while others developed from Proto-Germanic *j. Even though palatalization was
Old_English_phonology
Type of consonant sound
languages have four types when palatalization is considered. Polish is one example, with both palatalized and non-palatalized laminal denti-alveolars, laminal
Sibilant
Inuit varieties spoken in Alaska and the Northwest Territories
"strong /i/", which causes palatalization when preceding consonant clusters in the North Slope dialect (see section on palatalization below). The other /i/
Iñupiaq_language
Consonantal sounds represented by ⟨n⟩ in IPA
Belarusian новы/novy [ˈn̪ovɨ] 'new' Laminal denti-alveolar. Contrasts with palatalized form. See Belarusian phonology Bulgarian жена/žena [ʒɛˈn̪a] 'woman' Laminal
Voiced dental and alveolar nasals
Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_nasals
System of phonetic notation
seen with languages such as Twi where consonants may be simultaneously palatalized and labialized, while ⟨ˀ⟩ may be used for glottalized sounds without
International Phonetic Alphabet
International_Phonetic_Alphabet
Diacritical mark
diacritic formerly used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to mark palatalized consonants. It is a small, leftwards-facing hook joined to the bottom-right
Palatal_hook
assumed for the sound changes of velar palatalization and breaking: if breaking occurred before palatalization and was triggered by [x], there is no clear
Phonological history of Old English
Phonological_history_of_Old_English
Ancestor of the Finnic languages
palatalization, where a diphthong ending in *-i and the long vowel *ii causes palatalization of a following consonant. In Livonian, the palatalized *ś
Proto-Finnic_language
Roman general and dictator (100–44 BC)
vowel [ɛː]. Then, the plosive /k/ before front vowels began, due to palatalization, to be pronounced as an affricate, hence renderings like [ˈtʃɛːzar]
Julius_Caesar
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɟ⟩ in IPA
(8th ed.), Routledge, ISBN 978-1-4441-8309-2 Kolgjini, Julie M. (2004), Palatalization in Albanian: An acoustic investigation of stops and affricates (Ph.D
Voiced_palatal_plosive
Cyrillic letter
[lˠ], exact pronunciation varies) and soft (pronounced as [lʲ]) – see palatalization for details. Serbian and Macedonian orthographies use a separate letter Љ
El_(Cyrillic)
type of phonemic change in Anglo-Latin is palatalization. Anglo-Latin reflects the results of four palatalization processes. The first of these occurred
Traditional English pronunciation of Latin
Traditional_English_pronunciation_of_Latin
Type of secondary articulation in speech
"dark l ". The former pair refers to palatalized ("soft" or iotated) and plain ("hard") Slavic consonants. Palatalization (phonetics) Tryon, Darrell T., ed
Velarization
Oceanic language family of Micronesia
for their lack of plain labial consonant and have instead two series, palatalized and labio-velarized labials, similar to the related New Caledonian languages
Micronesian_languages
Japonic language
or a glide /j/, this shift generally triggers palatalization of the preceding consonant. Palatalization is more prevalent in the Kashitate dialect than
Hachijō_language
Phonological sound change
affricates, *ts and *dz, in what is called the first palatalization. Later, a second round of palatalization occurred and initially produced geminate palatal
Assibilation
Kipchak Turkic language
standard pronunciation also requires palatalization in such loanwords; however, some Tatar may pronounce them non-palatalized. In native words there are six
Tatar_language
Type of consonant
palatal consonants work as the palatalization of velar consonants while alveolo-palatal consonants work as the palatalization of alveolar consonants. In some
Alveolo-palatal_consonant
Nguni language of eastern South Africa and neighbouring countries
effect. Palatalization is a change that affects labial and alveolar consonants whenever they are immediately followed by /j/. While palatalization occurred
Zulu_language
Diacritical mark (◌̌)
are not palatalized but postalveolar consonants. For example, Estonian Nissi (palatalized) is distinct from nišši (postalveolar). Palatalization is typically
Caron
Alphabet that uses letters from the Cyrillic script
do not palatalize a preceding consonant. The digraphs дз and дж are normally used to represent single affricates /d͡z/ and /d͡ʒ/. Palatalization of consonants
Ukrainian_alphabet
Declensions in the Latvian language
affricates undergo case-specific palatalization and unlike Lithuanian, Latvian does not exhibit assimilative palatalization. However, the last large group
Latvian_declension
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨c⟩ in IPA
Akademisk Forlag, ISBN 978-87-500-3865-8 Kolgjini, Julie M. (2004), Palatalization in Albanian: An acoustic investigation of stops and affricates (Ph.D
Voiceless_palatal_plosive
Adyghe dialect
weakened into fricatives or glottal stops. Phase 2 (Velar Palatalization): Historical palatalized velars shifted forward to fill the "gap" left by the changes
Abzakh_dialect
Sounds and pronunciation of Icelandic
Unlike many languages, Icelandic has only very minor dialectal differences in sounds. The language has both monophthongs and diphthongs, and many consonants
Icelandic_phonology
('fear') → strášan ('fearsome') a few words exhibit palatalization in which /ts/ and /z/ palatalize before vowels /e/ and /i/, yielding /ʂ/ and /ʐ/. Such
Serbo-Croatian_phonology
Language family of northern Eurasia
varieties have over twenty different monophthongs. Palatalization of consonants; in this context, palatalization means a secondary articulation, where the middle
Uralic_languages
Phonology of the Lithuanian language
22 pairs of consonants distinguished by the presence or absence of palatalization. Most vowels come in pairs which are differentiated through length and
Lithuanian_phonology
Reconstructed ancestor of the Romance languages
There is scholarly disagreement over whether palatalization was phonemic in Proto-Romance. Palatalized consonants tended to geminate between vowels.
Proto-Romance_language
Type of sound change in Slavic languages
(/joʊˈteɪʃən/ yoh-TAY-shən or /ˌaɪ.oʊˈteɪʃən/ EYE-oh-TAY-shən) is a form of palatalization that occurs when a consonant comes into contact with the palatal approximant
Iotation
Writing system developed in 9th century Bulgaria
abbreviations, or letters used as numerals (U+0483) л҄ palatalization sign, indicating palatalization[citation needed] (U+0484) а҅ dasia or dasy pneuma,
Early_Cyrillic_alphabet
Subfamily of Indo-European languages
*š (West Slavic), *s (East/South Slavic). Progressive palatalization (or "third palatalization"): *k, *g, *x → CS *c, *dz, *ś after *i, *ī in certain
Slavic_languages
Proto-language of all the Slavic languages
consonant: *ě₁ triggers the first palatalization and then becomes *a, while *ě₂ triggers the second palatalization and does not change. *ę̇ represents
Proto-Slavic_language
Writing system of the Polish language
before ⟨i⟩ plus a vowel. In words of foreign origin the ⟨i⟩ causes the palatalization of the preceding consonant ⟨n⟩ to /ɲ/, and it is pronounced as /j/.
Polish_orthography
Ancient Tibetan language
e.g. བསྒྲེ bsgre [βzɡre] and བརྩིས brtsis [ɸrtˢis]. The features of palatalization /i̯/ [Cʲ] and labialization /w/ [Cʷ] can be considered separate phonemes
Old_Tibetan
Algonquian language spoken in North America
person plural marker -k. The result is not atk but rather acik. Note the palatalization of the /t-i/ sequence. This insertion does not occur before semivowels
Plains_Cree_language
Reconstructed proto-language
because it does not trigger palatalization, and *e < PIE *ē, which does trigger palatalization. Other than palatalization effects, both vowels are reflected
Proto-Tocharian_language
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨𝼆⟩ or ⟨ʎ̝̊⟩ in IPA
series of palatal lateral affricates. In Bura, it is the realization of palatalized /ɬʲ/ and contrasts with [ʎ]. The extensions to the IPA transcribes this
Voiceless palatal lateral fricative
Voiceless_palatal_lateral_fricative
Related alphabets based on Cyrillic scripts
знак” in Russian, indicates the lack of palatalization in a context where the consonant would usually be palatalized². Yery (Ы ы) indicates [ɨ] (an allophone
Cyrillic_alphabets
Historical changes of the Russian language
with palatalization of the preceding consonant Strong *ъ > /o/, without palatalization of the preceding consonant Weak *ь is lost, with palatalization of
History of the Russian language
History_of_the_Russian_language
Sounds and pronunciation of the Polish language
degree of palatalization in these contexts is weak. In some phonological descriptions of Polish that make a phonemic distinction between palatalized and unpalatalized
Polish_phonology
The following multigraphs are used in the Cyrillic script. The palatalized consonants of Russian and other languages written as C-⟨ь⟩ are mostly predictable
List_of_Cyrillic_multigraphs
Korean dialect
(e.g. 그렇다 becomes 기렇다). However, the opposite is true after ㅅ. The palatalization that occurred for other dialects with 시 is absent in the Pyongan dialect
Pyongan_dialect
Type of consonant sound
raising of the body of the tongue. Labio-palatalization is simultaneous [ɥ]-like labialization and palatalization. It is found, for example, in the name
Secondary_articulation
Extinct Caddoan language of the Southern US
followed by a glottal stop. /sik-ʔuh/ → [sik'uh] "rock" Caddo has a palatalization process that affects certain consonants when they are followed by /j/
Caddo_language
Consonantal sound
and Romance languages), or a voiceless alveolar stop /t/ by way of palatalization, especially next to a front vowel (as in English nature; also in Amharic
Voiceless postalveolar affricate
Voiceless_postalveolar_affricate
Romance isogloss in Italy
In the Romance linguistics, the La Spezia–Rimini Line, also known as the Massa–Senigallia Line, is a line that demarcates a number of important isoglosses
La_Spezia–Rimini_Line
Diacritical mark (◌́)
consonants and one vowel. When appearing in consonants, it indicates palatalization, similar to the use of the háček in Czech and other Slavic languages
Acute_accent
Group of West Germanic languages
experienced palatalization as a parallel development. Palatalization of k and g is also common in Old Saxon and Middle Low German. Palatalized k is indicated
North_Sea_Germanic
Consonant in the Cyrillic alphabet, written as Н
consonant /n/, like the pronunciation of ⟨n⟩ in "neat", and it can be palatalized /nʲ/ like in the pair of hard and soft consonants for the word: жена́
En_(Cyrillic)
Uralic language spoken in Russia
equivalents. Palatalization is widespread in Erzya, but is contrastive only for the alveolar consonants. The labial and velar consonants have palatalized allophones
Erzya_language
fricative [ʃ] (ship) voiced palatalized postalveolar fricative [ʑ] voiceless palatalized postalveolar fricative [ɕ] voiced palatalized postalveolar affricate
List_of_consonants
Eighth letter of the Latin alphabet
pech, which is pronounced [pɛxː]); in certain environments it breaks palatalization of a consonant, as in the name Beöthy, which is pronounced [bøːti] (without
H
Japonic language
including the first half of the 20th century, the phonemic sequence /ti/ was palatalized and realized phonetically as [tɕi], approximately chi (listen); however
Japanese_language
Palatalization precedes Deletion, /t/ precedes /e/, therefore palatalizes into /tʃ/. /e/ precedes /o/, allowing for Deletion to occur. Palatalization
Phonological_opacity
retroflexion (the *-r- medial) or pharyngealization, either of which prevented palatalization in Middle Chinese. Baxter and Sagart have adopted a variant of this
Old_Chinese_phonology
Variety of Spanish language
[ˈt͡ʃaŋɡe] (Tagalog tiyangge). In a similar manner, speakers also occasionally palatalize /s/ to [ʃ] when placed before /i/. For example, negocio ('business'),
Philippine_Spanish
Eastern South Slavic language
of phonetic contrasts, phonemic palatalization is more circumscribed than in R. For one thing, phonemic palatalization in B is clearly secondary; we recall
Bulgarian_language
Punctuation or diacritical mark (')
transliteration systems use the apostrophe to mark the presence, or the lack of, palatalization: In Belarusian and Ukrainian, the apostrophe is used between a consonant
Apostrophe
Dialect of Polish language
standard /l/ is palatalized, yielding /lʲ/, like in the Northern Borderlands dialect. Standard Polish /x/, spelled ⟨h⟩ and ⟨ch⟩, may be palatalized, yielding
Southern_Borderlands_dialect
Consonantal sound represented by ⟨m⟩ in IPA
Bennett, Ryan; McGuire, Grant; Ní Chiosáin, Máire (2024), "Russian Palatalization Is a Matter of the Tongue Body", Journal of Slavic Linguistics, 32 (FASL
Voiced_bilabial_nasal
Reconstructed ancestor of the Circassian languages
inventory included palatalized velars and postalveolar affricates. Postalveolar affricates: d͡ʒ ⟨дж⟩ t͡ʃ ⟨ч⟩ t͡ʃʼ ⟨чӀ⟩ Palatalized velars: ɡʲ ⟨гь⟩ kʲ
Proto-Kabardian_language
above-mentioned palatalization, but before the simplification of double consonants (as ll did not rhotacize) and also before i-palatalization. Some examples:
History of the Romanian language
History_of_the_Romanian_language
Grammar of the Old Irish language
cluster cht /xt/ never palatalized. Whenever palatalization was expected for grammatical or etymological reasons, the palatalization was omitted. For example
Old_Irish_grammar
System of sounds of the Estonian language
need a front vowel, and palatalized vs. plain continuants can be articulated. Estonian has pre-palatalization: palatalization occurs before rather than
Estonian_phonology
Variety of Portuguese language
ˈmũj̃ntʊ] One of the most noticeable tendencies of modern BP is the palatalization of /d/ and /t/ by most regions, which are pronounced [dʒ] and [tʃ],
Brazilian_Portuguese
1st century BC Syrian-born Latin writer
He became a member of the Publilia gens. Publilius' name, due to the palatalization of 'l' between two 'i's in the Early Middle Ages, is often presented
Publilius_Syrus
Third letter of many Semitic alphabets
as in Egypt, where it is pronounced [g]. It is not well known when palatalization occurred or the probability of it being connected to the pronunciation
Gimel
Phonetic alphabet used in Russian-speaking countries
parts of the letter together. Common diacritics [сꚝ] or [сʼ] palatalized [с·] not palatalized [с°] labialized [с̣] retroflex [т̪] laminal [т̯] apical (same
Cyrillic_phonetic_alphabets
Group of dialects of northern Sweden
dialect is either palatalized fissjin or unpalatalized fisken. In words where there are no related unpalatalized forms, palatalization is more robust, e
Norrland_dialects
Ancient Greek dialect group
"running to a cry", "helper in battle" PIE *ky or *chy → Proto-Greek ts (palatalization) → Attic and Euboean Ionic tt — Cycladean/Anatolian Ionic and Koine
Attic_Greek
Dialect of Ukrainian
говорю [ɦoˈwɔrʲʊ]); palatalization in compounds ки, хи: шпакьи [ʃpɐˈkʲɪ], гріхьи [ɦrʲiˈxʲɪ]; in southern varieties: lack of palatalization in word-final [t͡s]:
Podolian_dialect
Overview of the history of the French language
it with the outcome of nn), so these two had the same outcome under palatalization. See above. Vincent Herschel Malmström, Geography of Europe: A Regional
History_of_French
Sound system of a Wu Chinese subbranch
literary ones. Many Northern Wu varieties have sibilants that undergo palatalization (尖團合流 [zh]). This process is becoming more common among younger speakers
Northern_Wu_phonology
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