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Fiber-optic technology
A parallel optical interface is a form of fiber-optic technology aimed primarily at communications and networking over relatively short distances (less
Parallel_optical_interface
Modular communications interface
majority of devices including optical line terminals, network cards, switches and routers. The form factor and electrical interface are specified by a multi-source
Small_Form-factor_Pluggable
Cable assembly containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light
A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly that contains one or more optical fibers, glass or polymer, that carry light
Fiber-optic_cable
Computer storage interface standard
Parallel ATA (PATA), originally AT Attachment, also known as Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), is a standard interface designed for IBM PC-compatible
Parallel_ATA
Device that switches or amplifies optical signals
transistor Optical network on chip Optical interconnect Optical switch Parallel optical interface Optical communication Optical fiber cable Photonics Optoelectronics
Optical_transistor
Set of computer and peripheral connection standards
electrical, optical and logical interfaces. The SCSI standard defines command sets for specific peripheral device types. The initial Parallel SCSI was most
SCSI
Branch of electronics involving optics
Conference) Optical amplifier Optical communication Optical fiber Optical interconnect Opto-electronic oscillator Parallel optical interface Photoemission
Optoelectronics
Computer hardware interface
List of interface bit rates List of computer peripheral bus bit rates MacBook Pro Optical communication Fiber-optic cable Parallel optical interface eGPU
Thunderbolt_(interface)
Technologies for computer networking
define numerous port types with different optical and electrical interfaces and different numbers of optical fiber strands per port. Short distances (e
100_Gigabit_Ethernet
Computer bus
separate cables. GG45 List of device bandwidths Optical communication Optical fiber cable Parallel optical interface TERA XAUI "HIPPI FAQs". High Performance
HIPPI
Use of light to convey information
Modulating retro-reflector Opto-isolator Parallel optical interface Paschotta, Dr Rüdiger (2005-03-09). "Optical Data Transmission". RP Photonics Encyclopedia
Optical_communication
Type of computer disk storage drive
(radio) Ripping For drives using SATA. Some optical drives use other interfaces, see § Computer interfaces The angular disc speeds of ×48 on CDs, ×16 on
Optical_disc_drive
Network standard
iSCSI Extensions for RDMA iWARP List of interface bit rates Optical communication Parallel optical interface SCSI RDMA Protocol "Highlights– June 2016"
InfiniBand
Computer interface
In computing, a parallel port is a type of interface found on early computers (personal and otherwise) for connecting peripherals. The name refers to the
Parallel_port
Computer that uses photons or light waves
Optical computing or photonic computing uses light waves produced by lasers or incoherent sources for data processing, data storage or data communication
Optical_computing
Standards for Ethernet at ten times the speed of Gigabit Ethernet
latency. 10G Fiber-optic cable GG45 List of interface bit rates Optical communication Parallel optical interface TERA XAUI Michael Palmer (21 June 2012).
10_Gigabit_Ethernet
Family of digital video interfaces
supported by the dual 1.485 Gbit/s interface but requires only one cable rather than two. SMPTE 297-2006 defines an optical fiber system for transmitting bit-serial
Serial_digital_interface
Light Peak List of device bandwidths Optical communication Optical cable Optoelectronics Parallel optical interface Photo diode PIN diode PCI Express Small
Optical_link
Set of hardware interoperability agreements
Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF). CEI defines the electrical and jitter requirements for 3.125, 6, 11, 25-28, and 56 Gbit/s electrical interfaces.
Common_Electrical_I/O
Ethernet with speeds above 100 Gbit/s
Alliance Interconnect bottleneck Fiber-optic cable Optical communication Parallel optical interface "IEEE 802.3 NGOATH SG Adopted Changes to 802.3bs Project
Terabit_Ethernet
Physical structure guiding light waves
An optical waveguide is a physical structure that guides electromagnetic waves in the optical spectrum. Common types of optical waveguides include optical
Waveguide_(optics)
bottleneck List of device bandwidths Optical cable Optical communication Optical link Optoelectronics Parallel optical interface PCI Express Terabit Ethernet
Active_cable
Type of semiconductor laser diode
Interconnect bottleneck Optical cavity Optical communication Optical fiber cable Optical interconnect Optical microcavity Parallel optical interface Extance, Andy
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Vertical-cavity_surface-emitting_laser
Non-profit organization
coherent interfaces to be developed in an efficient manner by the optical module industry by defining some of the components that fit inside of optical modules
Optical_Internetworking_Forum
Device used to join fiber optic strands in communication systems
An optical fiber connector is a device used to link optical fibers, facilitating the efficient transmission of light signals. An optical fiber connector
Optical_fiber_connector
Computer bus interface for storage devices
a computer bus interface announced in 2000 that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state
SATA
Branch of physics that studies light
refraction at interfaces between different media. These laws were discovered empirically as far back as 984 AD and have been used in the design of optical components
Optics
Information transmission standard
Channel optical interface, which is not covered in this article. Fibre channel electrical signals are sent over a duplex differential interface. This usually
Fibre Channel electrical interface
Fibre_Channel_electrical_interface
Type of data transfer
parallel. A parallel link transmits several streams of data simultaneously along multiple channels (e.g., wires, printed circuit tracks, or optical fibers);
Serial_communication
Data transfer channel connecting parts of a computer
This excludes, as buses, schemes such as serial RS-232, parallel Centronics, IEEE 1284 interfaces and Ethernet, since these devices also needed separate
Bus_(computing)
Characteristic of an optical system
In optics, the numerical aperture (NA) of an optical system is a dimensionless number that characterizes the range of angles over which the system can
Numerical_aperture
Digital video transmission line standard
unreliable, and that an optical interface would be necessary. Such goons have not been realized, and the optical interfaces are seldom if ever used,
SMPTE_292
Equations of light transmission and reflection
electromagnetic radiation in general) when incident on an interface between different optical media. They were deduced by French engineer and physicist
Fresnel_equations
Protocol that carries SCSI commands over Parallel ATA
ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface) is a protocol used with the Parallel ATA (IDE) and Serial ATA standards so that a greater variety of devices can be connected
ATAPI
Converts light into current
Optoelectronics Optical interconnect Light Peak Interconnect bottleneck Optical fiber cable Optical communication Parallel optical interface Opto-isolator
Photodiode
Removable cartridge disk storage system
Bernoulli plate of the earlier products. Zip drives were produced in multiple interfaces including: IDE True ATA (very early ATA internal Zip drives mostly sold
Zip_drive
OPTOS (optical properties of textured optical sheets) is a simulation formalism for determining optical properties of sheets with plane-parallel structured
OPTOS_formalism
OSI model layer for physical data transmission
differential signaling Mobile Industry Processor Interface physical layer Modulated ultrasound Optical Transport Network (OTN) SMB SONET/SDH SPI T1 and
Physical_layer
Modular optical fiber communications interface
telecommunication links that use optical fiber. It was defined by an industry group in 2002, along with its interface to other electrical components, which
XFP_transceiver
Bundles of wires used for transmitting information
cable, such as in serial digital interface and thicknet and thinnet. Optical fiber cable Serial cable and parallel cable Cat2 or telephone cord USB cable
Telecommunications_cable
Idealized model of light
angle as it is refracted or reflected by each optical interface, the sagittal plane changes after each interface. Sagittal rays intersect the entrance or exit
Ray_(optics)
Optical diode invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa
Fiber-optic cable Interconnect bottleneck Optical communication Optical interconnect Parallel optical interface Step recovery diode Dummer, G. W. A. (22
PIN_diode
Method for multiplexing signals
separate left and right circularly polarized light beams through the same optical fiber. Polarization techniques have long been used in radio transmission
Polarization-division multiplexing
Polarization-division_multiplexing
B/s), MB/s (106 B/s), GB/s (109 B/s), TB/s (1012 B/s). In general, parallel interfaces are quoted in B/s and serial in bit/s. The more commonly used is
List_of_interface_bit_rates
Serializer/deserializer pair in network equipment
data between serial data and parallel interfaces in each direction. The term "SerDes" generically refers to interfaces used in various technologies and
SerDes
Simple digital video protocol for standard-definition television
coaxial cable with BNC connectors, but there is also a fibre-optical version defined. The parallel version of the ITU-R BT.656 protocol is also used in many
ITU-R_BT.656
Serial bus interface standard
power supply. FireWire is also available in Cat 5 and optical fiber versions. The 1394 interface is comparable to USB. USB was developed subsequently and
FireWire
American electrical engineer
electrical, optical, and radio-frequency channels, including CMOS-based optoelectronics, low-power asynchronous analog-to-digital converters as an interface to
Alyssa_Apsel
Former subsidiary of Philips
International (LMSI) was a subsidiary of Philips that designed and manufactured optical and magnetic media. It began as a joint venture between Philips and Control
Laser Magnetic Storage International
Laser_Magnetic_Storage_International
Optical point-to-point Free Space Optics data link
RONJA (Reasonable Optical Near Joint Access) is a free-space optical communication system developed in the Czech Republic by Karel Kulhavý of Twibright
RONJA
Scientific instruments
Optical tweezers (originally called single-beam gradient force trap) are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move
Optical_tweezers
Computer produced by Teradata Corporation
included: Mainframe-resident software to manage users and transfer data Interface processor (IFP) - the hardware connection between the mainframe and the
DBC/1012
Environmentally sustainable computing and information technology
(computing) Light-on-dark color scheme (Dark Mode) Optical communication Optical fiber cable Parallel optical interface PC power management Permacomputing Plug computer
Green_computing
Optical lens
stop at one of the lens's focal points. This allows only rays parallel to the optical axis (including the chief rays that pass through the center of
Telecentric_lens
to render 3D graphics. Other components, such as the system's DVD-ROM optical drive and DualShock 2 controller, provide the software and user control
PlayStation 2 technical specifications
PlayStation_2_technical_specifications
Virtual device projected onto a surface
Windows operating system. An optical virtual keyboard was invented and patented by IBM engineers in 1992. It optically detects and analyses human hand
Projection_keyboard
IBM data connection
drives and IBM 3270 display controllers. ESCON is an optical fiber, half-duplex, serial interface. It originally operated at a rate of 10 MB/s, which was
ESCON
Nonlinear optical process
if the exciting beam is positioned at an interface between opposite polarities (± boundary, B) that is parallel to the beam propagation (see figure), the
Second-harmonic_generation
Dispersive prism in spectroscopy
the first prism is refracted at the first air–glass interface, refracted again at the interface between the two prisms, and then exits the second prism
Amici_prism
Device that emits an identifying signal in response to a received signal
electrical-optical function only (not differentiating between serial or parallel electrical interfaces), whereas transponders convert an optical signal at
Transponder
Pointing device used to control a computer
Xerox Alto mouse, and in the 1980s the Xerox optical mouse, used a quadrature-encoded X and Y interface. This two-bit encoding per dimension had the property
Computer_mouse
Physical phenomenon relating to the direction of waves
direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed. Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye
Refraction
Refractive property of materials
does not change its optical behaviour. This special direction is known as the optic axis of the material. Light propagating parallel to the optic axis (whose
Birefringence
Fortran software and development tools
Fortran-TF-lib (Fortran interface to TensorFlow) FTorch (Fortran interface to PyTorch) MlFortran RoseNNa MPI Fortran bindings — standard interface for distributed-memory
List of Fortran software and tools
List_of_Fortran_software_and_tools
Danish fabless semiconductor company
Copenhagen, Denmark. Its products include integrated circuits for parallel optical interconnect applications intended for the computer, storage and communication
IPtronics
Standard for Ethernet networking at a data rate of 1 gigabit per second
automotive applications. There may be optical interoperability with respective 1000BASE-X Ethernet interfaces on the same link. It is also possible with
Gigabit_Ethernet
Type of polarizing prism
that are cemented together by their long faces. The optical axes of the calcite crystals are parallel and aligned perpendicular to the plane of reflection
Glan–Thompson_prism
Interface between an electronic test system and a semiconductor wafer
DUT board) is used in automated integrated circuit testing. It is an interface between an electronic test system and a semiconductor wafer. A probe card
Probe_card
Electrical connector used for SCSI
SCSI interfaces commonly used a 50-pin micro ribbon connector. This connector is similar to the 36-pin connector used by Centronics for the parallel interface
SCSI_connector
Use of plasmons for data transmission in circuits
generation, detection, and manipulation of signals at optical frequencies along metal-dielectric interfaces in the nanometer scale. Inspired by photonics, plasmonics
Plasmonics
Spherical lens
A ball lens is an optical lens in the shape of a sphere. Formally, it is a bi-convex spherical lens with the same radius of curvature on both sides, and
Ball_lens
Device that determines whether notes or coins are genuine or counterfeit
parallel or serial interface. Various interfaces exist for the host device, including a single-line pulse interface, a multi-line parallel interface,
Currency_detector
High-resolution technique in gesture recognition and image processing
tracking, principally those used with or without an interface. This system mostly uses inertial and optical motion capture systems. Inertial motion capture
Finger_tracking
Complete reflection of a wave
internal reflection (TIR) is the phenomenon in which waves arriving at the interface (boundary) from one medium to another (e.g., from water to air) are not
Total_internal_reflection
Tiny integrated circuit with a well-defined function
bunch of wires (BoW), AIB (Advanced Interface Bus), OpenHBI (Open High Bandwidth Interface), and OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum) XSR (Extra Short
Chiplet
Physical phenomenon
at the interface of transparent materials with different symmetry. Apart from these, various types of surface waves have been studied for optical wavelengths
Surface_wave
Ray tracing technique
which can be solved considering only paraxial rays. Each optical element (surface, interface, mirror, or beam travel) is described by a 2 × 2 ray transfer
Ray_transfer_matrix_analysis
Ethernet standards that carry data at the nominal rate of 100 Mbit/s
layer interface (PHY). The MAC is typically linked to the PHY by a four-bit 25 MHz synchronous parallel interface known as a media-independent interface (MII)
Fast_Ethernet
Electromechanical device
susceptible to mechanical wear. They are common in human interfaces such as digital multimeters. Optical: This uses a light shining onto a photodiode through
Rotary_encoder
Phenomenon in crystallization
a mixed coherent and non-coherent interface (Figure b). Kannan et al. found, using in-situ ultra-high-speed optical imaging, that twin nucleation in single-crystal
Crystal_twinning
User-controllable digital signal pin on an integrated circuit
include the Intel 8255, which interfaces 24 GPIOs to a parallel communication bus, and various GPIO expander ICs, which interface GPIOs to serial communication
General-purpose_input/output
Pre-pressed compact disc containing computer data
produced by CD recording plants. ATA Packet Interface (ATAPI) – Protocol that carries SCSI commands over Parallel ATAPages displaying short descriptions of
CD-ROM
Computerized hardware
technologies. Optical connections are usually a polished glass or plastic interface, possibly with an oil that lessens refraction between the two interface surfaces
Computer_port_(hardware)
Main printed circuit board used for a computing device
Scalable Link Interface (SLI) and AMD's CrossFire (formerly ATI CrossFire), which allow two to four graphics cards to operate in parallel, improving performance
Motherboard
Device that optically scans images, printed text
An image scanner (often abbreviated to just scanner) is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting, or an object and converts it
Image_scanner
Device used to disperse light
prism. Other types of dispersive prism exist that have more than two optical interfaces; some of them combine refraction with total internal reflection. Light
Dispersive_prism
Property in optics
ratio of the speed of light in vacuum (c) to the speed of light in a given optical medium (v), n=c/v. The refractive index determines how much the path of
Refractive_index
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
supports information exchange includes wired media like copper cables, optical fibers, and wireless radio-frequency media. The arrangement of hosts and
Computer_network
coincide at one wavelength. For this wavelength the filled optical cell behaves like a plane-parallel, homogeneous disk and allows transmission. All other wavelength
Christiansen_effect
Standard for computer data connections
connection of peripherals to computers, replacing various interfaces such as serial ports, parallel ports, game ports, and Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) ports.
USB
Topics referred to by the same term
(ICAO code), airport in Tanana, Alaska Parallel ATA, an obsolete computer interface for hard disk drive, optical disc drive, and/or solid-state drive Pata
Pata
Variant of Serial ATA meant for external connectivity
SATA is a computer bus interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives. eSATA is a SATA
ESATA
High-speed multimedia network technology used in the automotive industry
is specified to support both optical and electrical physical layers, the available MOST50 Intelligent Network Interface Controllers (INICs) only support
MOST_Bus
respect to the electrode/solution interface, two types of optical arrangements can be distinguished: normal and parallel configuration. In normal configuration
UV-Vis absorption spectroelectrochemistry
UV-Vis_absorption_spectroelectrochemistry
homeotropic alignment is not anisotropic optically, a dark field is observed between crossed polarizers in polarizing optical microscopy. By conoscope observation
Homeotropic_alignment
Computer interface specification
higher bandwidth interfaces, optical transmission medium, etc., without requiring the definition of yet another USB host controller interface The OHCI and
Extensible Host Controller Interface
Extensible_Host_Controller_Interface
Optical filter device
A polarizer or polariser is an optical filter that lets light waves of a specific polarization pass through while blocking light waves of other polarizations
Polarizer
Type of optical telescope
these rays and renders them parallel once more. Non-parallel rays of light from the object traveling at an angle α1 to the optical axis travel at a larger
Refracting_telescope
A depolarizer or depolariser is an optical device used to scramble the polarization of light. An ideal depolarizer would output randomly polarized light
Depolarizer_(optics)
review. In particular, DSW propagation at magnetic interfaces, in left-handed materials, in electro-optical, and chiral materials was studied. Resonant transmission
Dyakonov_surface_wave
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PARALLEL OPTICAL-INTERFACE
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