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Music scale used in Middle Eastern compositions
The Persian scale also known as Double Harmonic Major ♭5 is a musical scale occasionally found in guitar scale books, along with other scales inspired
Persian_scale
musical scales and modes. Degrees are relative to the major scale. Bebop scale Chord-scale system Flamenco mode Heptatonic scale Hexany Jazz scale List of
List of musical scales and modes
List_of_musical_scales_and_modes
Ascending or descending sequence of musical tones
minor scale) The Arabic scales The Hungarian minor scale The Byzantine music scales (called echoi) The Persian scale Scales such as the pentatonic scale may
Scale_(music)
Musical scale with seven pitches
heptatonic scale is a musical scale that has seven pitches, or tones, per octave. Examples include: the diatonic scale; including the major scale and its
Heptatonic_scale
Breed of cat
The Persian cat, also known as the Persian Longhair or simply Persian, is a long-haired traditional breed of cat characterised by a round face and petite
Persian_cat
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
The Achaemenid Empire (/əˈkiː.mə.nɪd/, ə-KEE-mə-nid; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' or 'The Kingdom') was an ancient Iranian empire founded
Achaemenid_Empire
Musical scale containing no semitones
Neapolitan major scale Neapolitan minor scale Ionian ♭5 scale Persian scale Locrian ♯7 scale Adhering to the definition of heptatonic scales, these all possess
Anhemitonic_scale
Different meanings for numbers
Much of the world has adopted either the short or long scale. Countries using the long scale include most countries in continental Europe and most that
Long_and_short_scales
Species of fruit and plant
Persian limes were first grown on a large scale in Iran and southern Iraq. The trees are propagated clonally, by grafting or air layering. Persian limes
Persian_lime
Elite Persian heavy infantry
of scale armor that "looked like the scales of a fish". The metal-made armor provided significant protection. Their headgear were a typical Persian tiara
Immortals_(Achaemenid_Empire)
Series of conflicts in the 5th century BC
The Greco-Persian Wars, also called the Persian Wars, were a series of armed conflicts involving various Greek city-states and the Achaemenid Empire from
Greco-Persian_Wars
System that relates geologic strata to time
The geologic time scale or geological time scale describes how geologic time is divided into standardised intervals. It uses the rock record together with
Geologic_time_scale
Term for a handmade carpet from Iran
A Persian carpet (Persian: فرش ایرانی, romanized: farš-e irâni [ˈfærʃe ʔiː.ɹɒː.níː]), Persian rug (Persian: قالی ایرانی, romanized: qâli-ye irâni [ɢɒːˈliːje
Persian_carpet
Breed of cat
Other everyday usage names are: Doll Face Persian, Classic Persian, Old Fashioned Persian, Long-nosed Persian, Old-style Longhair, Traditional Longhair
Traditional_Persian
Ancient Persian heavy cavalry adopted by various subsequent states
of Persian cataphracts approaching Roman infantry in Asia Minor, circa fourth century. Cataphracts were almost universally clad in some form of scale armor
Cataphract
Distinctive culture in West Asia
CHALUKYAS PALA EMPIRE OGHUZ YABGUS The composite Turko-Persian, Turco-Persian, or Turco-Iranian (Persian: فرهنگ ایرانی-ترکی) is the distinctive culture that
Turco-Persian_tradition
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
symbols. The Sasanian Empire (/sə.ˈsɑː.ni.ən/), officially Eranshahr (Middle Persian: 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩, romanized: Ērānšahr, lit. 'Empire of the Iranians')
Sasanian_Empire
Fifth and final conflict of the Russo-Persian Wars
The Russo-Persian War of 1826–1828 was the last major military conflict between the Russian Empire and Qajar Iran, which was fought over territorial disputes
Russo-Persian_War_(1826–1828)
Small Persian painting on paper
A Persian miniature (Persian: نگارگری ایرانی, romanized: negârgari-ye Irâni) is a small Persian painting on paper, whether a book illustration or a separate
Persian_miniature
Persian art or Iranian art (Persian: هنر ایرانی, romanized: Honar-è Irâni) has one of the richest art heritages in world history and has been strong in
Persian_art
Name of a scale in different musical traditions
Rast Panjgah (or Rast; Persian: راست پنج گاه) is the name of a dastgah (musical mode) in Iranian music and of a maqam in Arabic and related systems of
Rast_(maqam)
Self-report questionnaire
adapted to various languages, such as Persian, French, Chinese, Italian, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. The scale is extensively used in cross-cultural
Rosenberg_self-esteem_scale
Iraqi community of Iranian origin
Iranian-Iraqis, (Persian: ایرانیان عراق, Arabic: إيرانيون العراق) Iraqi Persians, (Persian: پارسهای عراق, Arabic: فرس العراق) or Ajam, (Persian: عجم, Arabic:
Iranians_in_Iraq
Overview of the Gulf Arab States
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf, commonly referred to as the Gulf Arab States, comprise Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the
Arab states of the Persian Gulf
Arab_states_of_the_Persian_Gulf
The Roman–Persian wars, also called the Roman–Iranian wars, took place between the Roman states and the Iranian empires, beginning with the Roman Republic
Roman–Persian_wars
Superfamily of insects
Scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Sternorrhyncha. Of dramatically variable appearance and extreme sexual dimorphism, they
Scale_insect
Protective gear using small, overlapping plates
rounded scale. According to the statement of Herodotus, the ancient Persians wore tunics with sleeves of diverse colours, having upon them iron scales of the
Scale_armour
Test to rate OCD symptom severity
Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (specifically as it appears in its Persian format). The members applied the scale to a group of individuals and,
Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale
Yale–Brown_Obsessive–Compulsive_Scale
Geographic naming dispute
The Persian Gulf naming dispute concerns the gulf known historically and internationally as the Persian Gulf, after Iran (historically known as Persia
Persian_Gulf_naming_dispute
Musical scale
An octatonic scale is any eight-note musical scale. However, the term most often refers to the ancohemitonic symmetric scale composed of alternating whole
Octatonic_scale
Semi-alphabetic cuneiform script
of cuneiform script. Old Persian cuneiform is a semi-alphabetic cuneiform script that was the primary script for Old Persian. Texts written in this cuneiform
Old_Persian_cuneiform
480–479 BC phase of the Greco-Persian Wars
The second Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC) occurred during the Greco-Persian Wars, as King Xerxes I of Persia sought to conquer all of Greece
Second Persian invasion of Greece
Second_Persian_invasion_of_Greece
Hammered dulcimer of Iranian origin
25 separate tones on the santur. The Persian santur is primarily tuned to a variety of different diatonic scales utilizing 1/4 tones which are designated
Santur
480 BC engagement of the Greco-Persian Wars
(/θərˈmɒpɪliː/) was fought in 480 BC at Thermopylae between the Achaemenid Persian Empire under Xerxes and an alliance of Greek city-states led by Sparta
Battle_of_Thermopylae
Genus of gall-like scale insects
Kermes is a genus of gall-like scale insects in the family Kermesidae. They feed on the sap of oaks; the females produce a red dye, also called "kermes"
Kermes_(insect)
Species of snake
The Persian horned viper (Pseudocerastes persicus), known as the Persian horned viper, false horned viper, and by other common names, is a species of vipers
Persian_horned_viper
Aspect of Iranian culture
Persian traditional music or Iranian traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music
Persian_traditional_music
Ancient Mesopotamian city in Iraq
allowing Cyrus's soldiers to enter the city through the lowered water. The Persian army conquered the city's outlying areas while the majority of Babylonians
Babylon
the second half of the seventh century BC. The Achaemenids united all Persian tribes under Cyrus I's son Cambyses I. Under Cambyses I's son, Cyrus II
List_of_monarchs_of_Iran
more than one mathematically created scale, such as the Persian scale, the Arab scale and the Pythagorean scale. See: Golden Age of Islam The mixing cultures
History of lute-family instruments
History_of_lute-family_instruments
the Persian horseman, equipped for almost simultaneous use of the bow, sword, and firearm, aptly symbolized the dramatic and complexity of the scale of
Military_history_of_Iran
Pentatonic scale Percussion instrument Percussion notation Perfect fourth Perfect fifth Period (music) Permutation (music) * Perpetuum mobile Persian scale Persian
Index_of_music_articles
number of words of French origin have entered the Persian language since the early modern period. Persian borrowed French words as France served as the most
List of French loanwords in Persian
List_of_French_loanwords_in_Persian
Gankhaki, G. First Record of the Large-Scale Triggerfish (Canthidermis Macrolepis, Boulenger 1888) in the Persian Gulf. Available at SSRN 4966121. Ziyadi
List of fish of the Persian Gulf
List_of_fish_of_the_Persian_Gulf
1990–1991 conflict in the Middle East
products from Iraq and Kuwait. A coalition began a military buildup in the Persian Gulf region. The broadest military alliance since World War II, its largest
Gulf_War
Seventh astrological sign of the zodiac
Libra (♎︎; Ancient Greek: Ζυγός, romanized: Zygós, Latin for "scales") is the seventh astrological sign in the zodiac. It spans 180°–210° celestial longitude
Libra_(astrology)
Self-reported questionnaire used to assist in the diagnosis of ADHD in adults
Turkish, and Persian. In 2002, a modified German short form of the WURS, WURS‑K (Kurzversion; also WURS‑G) was released. This 21-item scale shares 17 items
Wender_Utah_Rating_Scale
Fourth conflict of the Russo-Persian Wars
The Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813 was one of the many wars between the Iranian Empire and Imperial Russia, and, like many of their other conflicts, began
Russo-Persian_War_(1804–1813)
English that derive from Persian, either directly, or more often, from one or more intermediary languages. Many words of Persian origin have made their
List of English words of Persian origin
List_of_English_words_of_Persian_origin
Representation of isolatable musical sound
re–mi–fa–sol–la–si specifically for the C major scale, while movable do labels notes of any major scale with that same order of syllables. Alternatively
Musical_note
Species of buttercup
Ranunculus asiaticus, the Persian buttercup, is a species of buttercup (Ranunculus) native to the eastern Mediterranean region, southwestern Asia, southeastern
Ranunculus_asiaticus
gardens of the Alhambra show the influence of Persian Paradise garden philosophy and style in a Moorish Palace scale from the era of Al-Andalus in Spain. The
Arts_of_Iran
Land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece (479 BC)
The Battle of Plataea was the final land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece. It took place in August 479 BC near the city of Plataea
Battle_of_Plataea
Musical mode
or the scale structure associated with it); one of another ancient musical modes; or—most commonly—one of the modern modal diatonic scales, corresponding
Dorian_mode
Ancient Amorite-Akkadian state in Mesopotamia
vice versa is evident in all areas, from lexical borrowing on a massive scale, to syntactic, morphological, and phonological convergence. This has prompted
Babylonia
Type of musical scale and characteristic behaviors
depending on context. Its most common use may be described as a type of musical scale coupled with a set of characteristic melodic and harmonic behaviors. It
Mode_(music)
Musical interval
more specifically in Persian traditional music. However, the first evidenced proposal of the equally-tempered quarter tone scale, or 24 equal temperament
Quarter_tone
influence by the Iranian peoples and Iranian languages — chiefly the Persians and the Persian language. Central to this region is the Iranian plateau, now covered
History_of_Iran
Iranian famine under the Qajar dynasty
The Persian famine of 1917–1919 or the Iranian famine of 1917–1919 was a period of widespread mass starvation and disease in Iran under the rule of the
Persian_famine_of_1917–1919
Member of the cashew family
Latin from Greek πιστάκιον pistákion, ultimately deriving from Middle Persian pistakē, meaning "pestle" (cf. pesto). Pistachio is a desert plant and
Pistachio
Battle that decisively ended Xerxes's invasion of Greece (479 BC)
being the Battle of Plataea) that ended the second Persian invasion of Greece during the Greco-Persian Wars. It took place on 27 or 28 August, 479 BC on
Battle_of_Mycale
Species of lizard
Hemidactylus persicus, also known as the Persian leaf-toed gecko or Persian gecko, is a species of gecko found in West Asia. It has a snout rather acuminate
Hemidactylus_persicus
King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BC
operation, with Persian naval forces nearby. Further south, at Halicarnassus, in Caria, Alexander successfully waged his first large-scale siege, eventually
Alexander_the_Great
City in Turkey
huge Ottoman army was routed at Kars by Nader Shah during the Ottoman–Persian War of 1743–1746. As a result, the Turks fled westwards, raiding their
Kars
Ethnic group in the United States
Iranian-Americans, also known as Persian Americans, are United States citizens or inhabitants who have Iranian ancestry or citizenship. According to Iran's
Iranian_Americans
Country in West Asia
You may need rendering support to display the Persian text in this article correctly. Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and historically
Iran
Pottery of Iran
Persian pottery or Iranian pottery is the pottery made by the artists of Persia (Iran) and its history goes back to early Neolithic Age (7th millennium
Persian_pottery
Method of pairing compatible chords and scales
The chord-scale system is a method of matching, from a list of possible chords, a list of possible scales. The system has been widely used since the 1970s
Chord-scale_system
Iranian classified advertising platform
Divar (Persian: دیوار; lit. 'wall') is an Iranian Persian classified ads and E-commerce mobile app, and an online platform for users in Iran founded in
Divar_(website)
analysed all "sonorities" available within the resources of the tempered scale portrayed in staff notation and including adjacency intervals, generated
List_of_set_classes
Species of snake
The Caspian cobra (Naja oxiana), also called the Persian cobra or Russian cobra, is a species of highly venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species
Caspian_cobra
Iranian-American surgeon, television personality, and author (born 1944)
Younan Nowzaradan (Pronounced Navzaradan; Persian: یونان نوزرادان; born October 11, 1944), also known as Dr. Now, is an Iranian-born American doctor,
Younan_Nowzaradan
492–490 BC phase of the Greco-Persian Wars
The first Persian invasion of Greece took place from 492 BC to 490 BC, as part of the Greco-Persian Wars. It ended with a decisive Athenian-led victory
First Persian invasion of Greece
First_Persian_invasion_of_Greece
Iranian association football league
The Persian Gulf Pro League, branded as the Persian Gulf Pro League (Persian: لیگ برتر خلیج فارس, romanized: Lig-e Bartar-e Xalij-e Fârs), formerly known
Persian_Gulf_Pro_League
Topics referred to by the same term
Iraqi maqam, a genre of Arabic maqam music found in Iraq Persian maqam, a notion in Persian classical music Turkish makam, a Turkish system of melody
Maqam
The culture of Iran (Persian: فرهنگ ایران) or culture of Persia is one of the oldest and among the most influential in the world. Iran (Persia) is widely
Culture_of_Iran
Persian musical system
Dastgāh (/dæstˈɡɑː/; Persian: دستگاه, Classical: [dastˈɡɑːh], Iran: [dæstˈɡɒː(h)]) is the standard musical system in Persian art music, standardised in
Dastgāh
human knowledge concerning galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and the large-scale structure of the universe. 5th century BC – Democritus proposes that the
Timeline of knowledge about galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large-scale structure
Timeline_of_knowledge_about_galaxies,_clusters_of_galaxies,_and_large-scale_structure
490 BC battle in the Greco-Persian Wars
490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, against a Persian force commanded by Datis
Battle_of_Marathon
Province of Iran
Khuzestan province ([xuːzest̪ʰɒːn] ; Persian: استان خوزستان) is one of the 31 Provinces of Iran. An extension of the Mesopotamian Plain, it is located
Khuzestan_province
King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 486 to 465 BC
Xšayār̥šā, commonly known as Xerxes the Great; c. 518 BC – 465 BC) was a Persian ruler who reigned as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire
Xerxes_I
Rashidun Caliphate's conquest of the Sasanian Empire
Sasanian Persians, the Byzantines and Christian Arabs in December. However this has been disputed, as there is doubt to any large-scale Persian forces,
Muslim_conquest_of_Persia
Iranian musician (born 1957)
Bijan Mortazavi (Persian: بیژن مرتضوی; born November 16, 1957) is an Iranian virtuoso violinist, musician, composer, songwriter, arranger and singer.
Bijan_Mortazavi
Sasanian Empire cavalry force
spbr or SWSYN), Middle Persian aswār (spelt ʼswbʼl or SWSYA), Classical Persian suwār (سوار), uswār/iswār (اسوار), Modern Persian savār (سوار). The Arabic
Aswaran
Country in West Asia
It shares maritime borders with Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Iran in the Persian Gulf, and with Oman in the Gulf of Oman. In 2024, the UAE had an estimated
United_Arab_Emirates
Historic buckaneering era (c. 17th–19th centuries)
Piracy in the Persian Gulf describes the naval warfare that was prevalent until the 19th century and occurred between seafaring Arabs in Eastern Arabia
Piracy_in_the_Persian_Gulf
Sufi mystic and poet (1207–1273)
This article contains Persian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī
Rumi
American dramatist (1963–1995)
Reza Abdoh (Persian: رضا عبده; also Romanized as "Rezā Abdoh", Persian pronunciation: [ɾeˈzɒː æbˈdoh]) (February 23, 1963 – May 11, 1995) was an Iranian-born
Reza_Abdoh
Textile design with a teardrop motif
textile design using the boteh (Persian: بته) or buta, a teardrop-shaped motif with a curved upper end. Of Iranian/Persian origin, paisley designs became
Paisley_(design)
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
played a decisive role for the Allies in World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. During the Cold War, it emerged as a superpower
Russia
and Lebanon but also in Iraq, Israel, Palestine, countries around the Persian Gulf (particularly Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab
Casualties of the 2026 Iran war
Casualties_of_the_2026_Iran_war
the Persian church began to achieve a recognized status. Through the Battle of Avarayr (451) and the resultant treaty of 484, for example, the Persian Empire's
Christianity_in_Iran
Turco-Mongol empire (1370–1507)
The empire had a syncretic culture and combined Turkic, Mongolic, and Persian influences, with the last members of the dynasty being regarded as "ideal
Timurid_Empire
Country in West Asia
were discovered in the Al-Ahsa region along the coast of the Persian Gulf, and full-scale development of the oil fields began in 1941 under the US-controlled
Saudi_Arabia
Ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire
Persepolis or Parseh (Persian: پارسه, romanized: Pārseh; Old Persian: 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿, romanized: Pārsa), also known in modern Persian as Takht-e Jamshid (تخت
Persepolis
Species of snake
Echis carinatus, known as the Sindh saw-scaled viper, saw-scaled viper, Indian saw-scaled viper, little Indian viper, and by other common names, is a
Echis_carinatus
King of Sparta from c. 489 BC to 480 BC
BC, when he was succeeded by his son, Pleistarchus. At the Second Greco-Persian War, Leonidas led the allied Greek forces in a last stand at the Battle
Leonidas_I
Ireland and Belgium. In recent years, the Persian lime industry has taken off in Veracruz, dominated by large-scale producers, with over 25% of limes being
Lime_production_in_Mexico
Province of Iran
them and liberated the Persian Gulf region.[citation needed] A strong earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter magnitude scale struck the town of Shonbeh
Bushehr_province
Turkish, and related systems of music. Ajam (عجم) in this usage means "Persian". The maqam Ajam is constructed of two Ajam trichords with "whole step-whole
Ajam_(maqam)
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance