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One trillionth of a second
A picosecond (abbreviated as ps) is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to 10−12 or 1⁄1 000 000 000 000 (one trillionth) of
Picosecond
Non-destructive type of ultrasonics
Picosecond ultrasonics is a type of ultrasonics that uses ultra-high frequency ultrasound generated by ultrashort light pulses. It is a non-destructive
Picosecond_ultrasonics
One billionth of a second
second is to approximately 31.69 years. A nanosecond is equal to 1000 picoseconds or 1/1000 microsecond. Time units ranging between 10−8 and 10−7 seconds
Nanosecond
Laser pulse with duration a picosecond (10^-12 s) or less
is an electromagnetic pulse whose time duration is of the order of a picosecond (10−12 second) or less. Such pulses have a broadband optical spectrum
Ultrashort_pulse
Laser capable of delivering picosecond (10^-12 s) pulses of light
ultrashort pulses of light, generally of the order of femtoseconds to one picosecond. They are also known as ultrafast lasers owing to the speed at which pulses
Ultrashort_pulse_laser
Class of electrical signals
operate at 9,192,631,770 Hz. PPS signals have an accuracy ranging from 12 picoseconds to a few microseconds per second, or 2.0 nanoseconds to a few milliseconds
Pulse-per-second_signal
SI derived unit of power
by the current generation of lasers for time scales on the order of picoseconds. One such laser is Lawrence Livermore's Nova laser, which achieved a
Watt
Electronic circuit or test equipment
available for generating pulse widths ranging from minutes to under one picosecond. Bench pulse generators are typically voltage sources, though some can
Pulse_generator
American-Hungarian physicist
femotsecond lasers in ophthalmology. Juhasz, who was investigating the use of picosecond lasers for eye surgery, struck up a conversation with Kurtz, and soon
Tibor_Juhasz
Synchrotron radiation facility at Lund University in Sweden
the micrometre and nanometre length scale, and in the nanosecond and picosecond time scale to understand their chemical and physical properties. The material
MAX_IV_Laboratory
Dermatologic procedure to remove tattoo pigments
has investigated the potential of multi-pass treatments and the use of picosecond laser technology. Before tattoo removal with Q-switched lasers began in
Tattoo_removal
One quadrillionth of a second
Its symbol is fs. A femtosecond is equal to 1000 attoseconds, or 1/1000 picosecond. Because the next higher SI unit is 1000 times larger, times of 10−14
Femtosecond
product, a desktop-sized picosecond pulse laser, in 2007. Ultrashort pulse lasers, which generate pulses in the picosecond to femtosecond range, are
Raydiance_Inc.
Spectroscopy with lasers with very short pulses
doped-sapphire crystals as a gain medium and Kerr-lens mode-locking to achieve sub-picosecond light pulses. Typical Ti:sapphire oscillator pulses have nJ energy and
Ultrafast_laser_spectroscopy
This is a list of radioactive nuclides (sometimes also called isotopes), ordered by half-life from shortest to longest, in seconds, minutes, hours, days
List of radioactive nuclides by half-life
List_of_radioactive_nuclides_by_half-life
Form of fusion power
electrostatic confinement. He founded EMC2 to continue polywell research. A picosecond pulse of a 10-terawatt laser produced hydrogen–boron aneutronic fusions
Aneutronic_fusion
Measurement unit for time
femtoseconds, time unit used for sedimentation rates (usually of proteins). picosecond 10−12 s One trillionth of a second. nanosecond 10−9 s One billionth of
Unit_of_time
one-nanosecond duration beams and two petawatt (PW) "short-pulse" 0.5 picosecond duration beams. The facility also provides a comprehensive suite of optical
Orion_(laser)
American physicist and engineer (1931–2025)
in lasers and their applications, particularly known for his work with picosecond laser pulses. DeMaria received his Ph.D. in engineering physics from the
Anthony_J._DeMaria
Way to produce very short laser bursts
produce pulses of light of extremely short duration, on the order of picoseconds (10−12 s) or femtoseconds (10−15 s). A laser operated in this way is
Mode_locking
Networking protocol for clock synchronization
seconds (136 years) and a theoretical resolution of 2−32 seconds (233 picoseconds). NTP uses an epoch of January 1, 1900. Therefore, the first rollover
Network_Time_Protocol
One thousandth of a second
one decade International System of Units Second Microsecond Nanosecond Picosecond Femtosecond Attosecond "Units: M". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of
Millisecond
Device in signal processing
Some types allow for nanosecond accuracy, while other are capable of picosecond accuracy[citation needed][clarification needed] (see Coarse measurement
Time-to-digital_converter
emits three protons; its half-life was measured to be shorter than 10 picoseconds. Stable potassium isotopes have been used for several nutrient cycling
Isotopes_of_potassium
Chemical excitation technique
excited by a strong pulse of light from a pulsed laser of nanosecond, picosecond, or femtosecond pulse width or by another short-pulse light source such
Flash_photolysis
Technique of measuring electromagnetic spectra
changing current lasts for about a picosecond, and thus emits terahertz radiation since the Fourier transform of a picosecond length signal will contain THz
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Terahertz_time-domain_spectroscopy
States of matter for water as a solid
experiment, ice at −3 °C was superheated to about 17 °C for about 250 picoseconds. The latent heat of melting is 5987 J/mol, and its latent heat of sublimation
Phases_of_ice
High-power laser system
diagnostics. PICO2000, the adaptation of one NANO2000 laser chain in the picosecond regime, will deliver 200 J in 1 ps at 1.05 μm. LULI2000 will be the most
LULI2000
Elementary particle involved with rest mass
cross-over temperature of 159.5±1.5 GeV/kB such as those seen during the first picosecond (10−12 s) of the Big Bang, the Higgs field in its ground state has less
Higgs_boson
Comparison of a wide range of timescales
after laser dissociation of Br2. 290 fs: The lifetime of a tauon 10−12 picosecond ps One trillionth of one second 1 ps: The mean lifetime of a bottom quark;
Orders_of_magnitude_(time)
Biological process to convert light into chemical energy
membranes in the chloroplasts Femtosecond to picosecond 2 Transfer of electrons in photochemical reactions Picosecond to nanosecond 3 Electron transport chain
Photosynthesis
Electronic component
varistors or gas discharge tubes. The actual clamping occurs in roughly one picosecond, but in a practical circuit the inductance of the wires leading to the
Transient-voltage-suppression diode
Transient-voltage-suppression_diode
One millionth of a second
Units Jiffy (time) Orders of magnitude (time) Millisecond Nanosecond Picosecond Gross, R.S. (14 March 2014). "Japan quake may have shortened Earth days
Microsecond
Heating a liquid to a temperature above its boiling point without boiling
for example, were observed to remain crystalline for more than two picoseconds when heated at rates up to ~1015 K s−1, corresponding to temperatures
Superheating
Clock that monitors the resonant frequency of atoms
clocks have 5×10−16 systematic uncertainty, which is equivalent to 50 picoseconds per day. A system of several fountains worldwide contributes to International
Atomic_clock
Semiconductor analysis technique
scanning electron microscope (USEM) with a pulsed electron source to probe picosecond dynamics in semiconductors. A related STEM EBIC technique, called secondary
Electron_beam-induced_current
Frozen water; the solid state of water
experiment, ice at −3 °C was superheated to about 17 °C for about 250 picoseconds. Subjected to higher pressures and varying temperatures, ice can form
Ice
Laser pulsing technique
peak powers, high repetition rates and relatively low costs. In 2013 a picosecond laser was introduced based on clinical research which appears to show
Q-switching
Type of digital electronic device
conventional computers: Superconducting devices require cryogenic temperatures. picosecond-duration SFQ voltage pulses produced by Josephson junctions are used to
Rapid_single_flux_quantum
Kosichkin, Yu.V.; Tarasevich, A.P.; Tunkin, V.G.; Shotov, A.P. (1984). "A picosecond optical parametric oscillator with amplification of the tunable semiconductor
Injection_seeder
Autoprotolysis or exchange of a proton between two water molecules
solvent isolates the two ions, which are stabilized by solvation. Within 1 picosecond, however, a second reorganization of the hydrogen bond network allows
Self-ionization_of_water
Device that emits light via optical amplification
is capable of emitting extremely short pulses on the order of tens of picoseconds down to less than 10 femtoseconds. These pulses repeat at the round-trip
Laser
Darkening of an area of skin or nails due to increased melanin
photoaging-associated facial hyperpigmentation in Korean skin with a picosecond 1064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser". Lasers in Medical
Hyperpigmentation
Study of electronic structures
electronic excitations at surfaces. The technique utilizes femtosecond to picosecond laser pulses in order to first photoexcite an electron. After a time delay
Two-photon photoelectron spectroscopy
Two-photon_photoelectron_spectroscopy
German physicist researching light matter interaction
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt LZH Tätigkeitsbericht 2004, p. 7 Femtosecond, picosecond and nanosecond laser ablation of solids, BN Chichkov, C Momma, S Nolte
Boris_Chichkov
Multi-photon microscopy technique
bandwidth are picosecond lasers. In spectral-focusing CRS, femtosecond pump and Stokes lasers are equally linearly chirped into picosecond lasers. The effective
Coherent Raman scattering microscopy
Coherent_Raman_scattering_microscopy
SI unit of time
clocks have 5×10−16 systematic uncertainty, which is equivalent to 50 picoseconds per day. A system of several fountains worldwide contribute to International
Second
in the generation, measurement, and application to physical systems of picosecond and femtosecond light pulses" Professor Ippen is also a member of the
Erich_P._Ippen
Chemical semiconductor compound
peak steady-state velocity of 1.9×107 cm/s, with a transit time of 2.5 picoseconds, attained at an electric field of 225 kV/cm. With this information, the
Gallium_nitride
American physicist
in Applied Physics in 1991 and 1992 respectively. His dissertation, Picosecond excitonic optical nonlinearities: The effects of disorder in quantum wells
Steven_Cundiff
Quantum chemistry rule regarding vibronic transitions
is on the order of some tens of picoseconds whereas chromophore excited state lifetimes range from a few picoseconds to a few nanoseconds. Immediately
Franck–Condon_principle
Electrically insulating substance able to be polarised by an applied electric field
fields at the highest frequencies. A molecule rotates about 1 radian per picosecond in a fluid, thus this loss occurs at about 1011 Hz (in the microwave region)
Dielectric
Luminescence induced by sound waves
light that flashes from the bubbles last between 35 and a few hundred picoseconds long, with peak intensities of the order of 1–10 megawatts (1,300–13
Sonoluminescence
Video game character from the Portal series
humans even in her early iterations, only operating for fractions of a picosecond before going rogue and triggering a killswitch. After the morality core
GLaDOS
SI prefix denoting 10 to the -9th power
second is to approximately 31.69 years. A nanosecond is equal to 1000 picoseconds or 1/1000 microsecond. Time units ranging between 10−8 and 10−7 seconds
Nano-
One quintillionth of a second
electrons. The crystal lattice vibrates and molecules rotate on a scale of picoseconds. The creation and breaking of chemical bonds and molecular vibration
Attosecond
Unit of energy
eV) via Γ = ħ/τ. For example, the B0 meson has a lifetime of 1.530(9) picoseconds, mean decay length is cτ = 459.7 μm, or a decay width of 4.302(25)×10−4 eV
Electronvolt
Italian chemist (1940–2024)
Wachtveitl, J.; Renner, C.; Behrendt, R.; Moroder, L.; Hamm, P. (2003). "Picosecond conformational transition and equilibration of a cyclic peptide". Proc
Luis_Moroder
Application of quantum mechanics and chemistry to biology
while the overall exciton transfer takes a time on the order of a few picoseconds. In 2020 a review based on a wide collection of control experiments and
Quantum_biology
Clock deviation from perfect periodicity
higher-speed internet backbone links such as OC-192. Absolute units such as picoseconds are more common in microprocessor applications. Units of degrees and
Jitter
Water Cherenkov detector experiment
atmospheric neutrinos. By implementing early prototypes of LAPPDs (Large Area Picosecond Photodetector), high precision timing is possible. The suggested location
Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment
Accelerator_Neutrino_Neutron_Interaction_Experiment
Chemical reaction in organic chemistry
ongoing since these initial discoveries, and infrared spectroscopy on the picosecond–millisecond time scale was used in 2021 to observe the states involved
Concerted metalation deprotonation
Concerted_metalation_deprotonation
French ophthalmologist and painter
ophthalmologist and physician-scientist most known for developing the picosecond, ophthalmic Nd:YAG laser for eye surgeries. She has been called one of
Danièle_Aron-Rosa
American physicist and inventor
at MKS Instruments and Spectra-Physics Lasers, where he has designed picosecond lasers and femtosecond lasers. Kafka served as the President of Optica
James_Kafka
Indian photochemist (1940-2016)
as polymer dynamics using fluorescence, flash photolysis studies using picosecond and femtosecond lasers and solar energy conversion. He demonstrated that
Paramasivam_Natarajan
Single-use source of very short and extremely bright flash of light
crystals (e.g. doped cadmium sulfide). Flash times in the nanosecond to picosecond range are achievable. Pulsed lasers are another alternative. Sonoluminescence
Argon_flash
British physicist and educator
technique has the potential for measurements on a nanoscale distance and over picosecond timescales. Ellis published a complete review of the current progress
John Ellis (physicist, born 1963)
John_Ellis_(physicist,_born_1963)
Study of acoustic wave interactions with physical mediums
Interdigital transducer Longitudinal wave Love wave Nonlinear acoustics Picosecond ultrasonics Sonoluminescence Rayleigh wave Shear wave Sound absorption
Physical_acoustics
Research and scientific development company
1998 for the discovery. In 1984, the first photoconductive antennas for picosecond electromagnetic radiation were demonstrated by Auston and others. This
Bell_Labs
Crystal growth process
advanced MBE techniques, allowing monolithical integration on silicon and picosecond signal processing. The Asaro–Tiller–Grinfeld (ATG) instability, also known
Molecular-beam_epitaxy
Swedish physical chemist
Physics Letters. Sundström, Villy; Gillbro, Tomas; Bergström, Hans (1982). "Picosecond kinetics of radiationless relaxations of triphenyl methane dyes. Evidence
Villy_Sundström
Magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus
allowed measuring the g-factor in nuclear states with life-times of few picoseconds or less. According to the shell model, protons or neutrons tend to form
Nuclear_magnetic_moment
pressurized water reactors. Some lithium-7 has been produced, for a few picoseconds, which contains a lambda particle in its nucleus, whereas an atomic nucleus
Isotopes_of_lithium
Topics referred to by the same term
book in the Tanakh and Christian Bibles Petasecond (Ps), 1015 seconds Picosecond (ps), 10−12 seconds Pferdestärke (PS), abbreviation of the German term
PS
Electron diffraction using very short pulses
a finite time interval, a short (with a duration in femtoseconds or picoseconds) electron pulse is incident upon the sample, which interacts with and
Ultrafast electron diffraction
Ultrafast_electron_diffraction
Electronic non-volatile computer storage device
researchers announced experimental success with a device having a 400-picosecond write time. Flash memory stores information in an array of memory cells
Flash_memory
Sound wave which travels along the surface of an elastic material
flow, two in the other direction. Linear elasticity Love wave Phonon Picosecond ultrasonics Rayleigh wave Surface plasmon polariton Ultrasound Applied
Surface_acoustic_wave
Light emission from substances after they absorb photons
energy. The characteristic time-scales are in the range of hundreds of picoseconds in GaAs; they appear to be much shorter in wide-gap semiconductors. Directly
Photoluminescence
South Korean plasma physicist (born 1957)
(1987). "Observation of Asymmetric Stark Profiles from Plasma Created by a Picosecond KrF Laser". Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 (21): 2427–2430. Bibcode:1987PhRvL..59
Nam_Chang-hee
Periodic table of the elements with eight or more periods
element to exist if its lifetime is longer than 10−14 seconds (0.01 picoseconds, or 10 femtoseconds), which is the time it takes for the nucleus to form
Extended_periodic_table
Electronic test instrument that averages an input according to the boxcar function
typical even though the gate width itself can be as low as a few ten picoseconds and delay is set to zero. The origin of the boxcar averager dates back
Boxcar_averager
Molecule investigation technique
field's oscillation. For one THz, that means duration in the range of one picosecond (ps). Consequently, one can use THz fields to monitor and control ultrafast
Terahertz_spectroscopy
Electrical switch that uses superconductivity
(i.e gain greater than unity) had a switching rate of less than 800 picoseconds. Although the requirement for cryogenic cooling limited its practicality
Cryotron
German physicist
He has also pioneered time-resolved x-ray microscopy techniques with picosecond time resolution. These studies and more generally the whole field of magnetism
Joachim_Stöhr
Ultrafast laser spectroscopic technique
temperatures to be 15 +/- 3 ps. Among the first applications of FU with sub-picosecond time-resolution was the study of dynamic solvent effects. This topic is
Fluorescence_upconversion
Academic, inventor, and entrepreneur
applications. His research introduced concepts like CARS microscope using picosecond excitation, epi-detected CARS, and polarization-sensitive CARS. In 2002
Ji-Xin_Cheng
Ongoing chronological account of events using or studying nuclear fusion
V. P. (2005-08-10). "Observation of neutronless fusion reactions in picosecond laser plasmas". Physical Review E. 72 (2) 026406. American Physical Society
Timeline_of_nuclear_fusion
Quasiparticle used to model vibrations within proteins
40 peptide groups (extending along the x-axis) during a period of 125 picoseconds. Quantum probabilities | a n | 2 {\displaystyle |a_{n}|^{2}} of amide
Davydov_soliton
Ciccarelli University of Cambridge "Extracting spin from an antiferromagnet at picosecond timescales" Magnetism 2023 Manchester 2022 Peter Wadley University of
Wohlfarth_Lectureship
Solvent interface of a solute
before mixing with the outside bulk water could be in the femtosecond to picosecond range, and that near features conventionally regarded as attractive to
Solvation_shell
Algorithmic imaging methods that reconstruct quantitative phase and amplitude
schemes have further captured ultrafast magnetization dynamics on the picosecond timescale, offering insights into nonequilibrium spin processes in quantum
Computational_microscopy
Electrical circuit
and capacitors will be inserted to prevent resonances. For example, a Picosecond Pulse Labs model 5580 bias tee works from 10 kHz to 15 GHz. Consequently
Bias_tee
Transition of a liquid to vapor
on 2022-07-16, retrieved 2022-07-16 GmbH, Dirk Müller, Lumera Laser. "Picosecond Lasers for High-Quality Industrial Micromachining". Archived from the
Vaporization
Canadian academic
identifies signals in real time with a processing delay of less than 15 picoseconds. The ONN also operates at significantly lower power consumption than
Bhavin_J._Shastri
Physical quantity, density of magnetic moment per volume
temperature, this process is extremely fast (occurring in less than a picosecond) and is considered a non-equilibrium process. The laser pulse deposits
Magnetization
Italian physicist
proposed photon source, part of the LUX project, was intended to produce sub-picosecond coherent radiation spanning from the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) to 10 keV
Fulvio_Parmigiani
Branch of physics involving mechanical waves
UK) Longitudinal wave Musicology Music therapy Noise pollution Phonon Picosecond ultrasonics Quantum acoustics Rayleigh wave Shock wave Seismology Sonification
Acoustics
Chemist
Adrian J.; Wynne, Klaas (6 July 2017). "Spectrum of Slow and Super-Slow (Picosecond to Nanosecond) Water Dynamics around Organic and Biological Solutes".
Klaas_Wynne
Chinese-American physicist
the United States. These include the development of the first deep UV picosecond time-resolved optical spectroscopy system (down to 195 nm) for characterizing
Hongxing_Jiang
Sound waves with frequencies above the human hearing range
extremely low frequencies Isochoic Laser ultrasonics Phased array ultrasonics Picosecond ultrasonics Sonomicrometry Sound from ultrasound (also known as hypersonic
Ultrasound
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND
Girl/Female
English American Irish Latin
Grace.
Boy/Male
Egyptian
Name of a pharaoh.
Boy/Male
Greek
A seer.
Female
English
Elaborated form of English Laurel, LAURELLE means "laurel."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Dunaway.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil
Princess
Girl/Female
Biblical
Bed, extension, a coal.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Swedish : variant of Sellin.
Boy/Male
Tamil
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND
PICOSECOND