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Core sample used for pollen analysis
A pollen core is a core sample of a medium containing a stratigraphic sequence of pollen. Analysis of the type and frequency of the pollen in each layer
Pollen_core
Study of pollen and other acid-resistant microoscopic organic material
studies contemporary and fossil palynomorphs (paleopalynology), including pollen, spores, orbicules, dinocysts, acritarchs, chitinozoans and scolecodonts
Palynology
Clade of flowering plants
criterion for identifying the pollen classes. The eudicots can be divided into two groups: the basal eudicots and the core eudicots. Basal eudicot is an
Eudicots
shallowest samples at the top and the deepest at the bottom, to represent a pollen core or other stratified deposit. The depth of the sample corresponds roughly
Glossary_of_archaeology
Pollen zones are a system of subdividing the Last Glacial Period and Holocene paleoclimate using the data from pollen cores. The sequence provides a global
Pollen_zone
Glaciation in North America during the Last Glacial Period
example of findings is from the investigation of flora species using pollen core samples in present-day California. Here in the Waterman Hills researchers
Wisconsin_glaciation
National park in Bolivia
rainforests found in the park did not always exist. Data collected from pollen core samples has shown that what is now semi-deciduous and evergreen forest
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park
Noel_Kempff_Mercado_National_Park
Species of aquatic plant
states within the former Yugoslavia. Data from archaeological sites and pollen cores has shown that the species commonly occurred in the Rhine/Meuse delta
Salvinia_natans
Period of Cornish history from c. 2400 until c. 800 BCE
coastal areas where the soil was more suitable for growing crops. Although pollen core evidence suggests the possibility that limited cereal cultivation took
Cornish_Bronze_Age
Group of eudicots known as core eudicots
result of convergent evolution. Pollen grains in the Pentapetalae are characteristically tricolpate. This type of pollen grain has three or more pores within
Pentapetalae
Nasal inflammation due to allergens in the air
proteins of the pollen and the food. There are many cross-reacting substances. Hay fever is not a true fever, meaning it does not cause a core body temperature
Allergic_rhinitis
Iron Age culture in central Italy
larger population of Rome. Pollen core samples from the Pontine region attest to increases in the quantity of wheat pollen during the Late Bronze, itself
Latial_culture
Historical grouping of flowering plants
flowering plants by the structure of their pollen. Other dicotyledons and the monocotyledons have monosulcate pollen (or derived forms): grains with a single
Dicotyledon
Bantu ethnic group of Tanzania
hypothesis was also tested and again supported by S. Terry Childs in 1996. Pollen core samples in the region document the loss of forested habitats and the
Haya_people
National park in Sri Lanka
construct an irrigational canal and fell trees for timber. A 6-metre (20 ft) pollen core extracted from a mire revealed that in the late quaternary period the
Horton_Plains_National_Park
Species of tree
southern hackberry. Celtis reticulata was one of the species analyzed in a pollen core sampling study in northern Arizona, in which the early to late Holocene
Celtis_reticulata
Species of cactus
been conducted by studies in the Waterman Mountains of Arizona; these pollen core analyses indicate that this cactus species was present in northern Arizona
Opuntia_chlorotica
Archaeological site and village in Lebanon
older occupation at the edge of the marsh at Mallaha. The results of a pollen core from Aamiq was published in 2008 suggesting the area was used for grazing
Aammiq
Cylindrical sample drilled from an ice sheet
than those from the previous year. Pollen, an important component of sediment cores, can also be found in ice cores. It provides information on changes
Ice_core
Species of honey bee
memory; they are also used in studies of pesticide toxicity, especially via pollen, to assess non-target impacts of commercial pesticides. The western honey
Western_honey_bee
Narrow landstrip in Auckland, New Zealand
October 2021. Abrahim, Ghada MS; Parker, Robin J.; Horrocks, Mark (2013). "Pollen core assemblages as indicator of Polynesian and European impact on the vegetation
Auckland_isthmus
Species of cactus
Holocene era is known to have differed locally from its present range. From pollen core data, a portion of the prehistoric distribution of this species has been
Pelecyphora_vivipara
Species of conifer
population bottlenecks during the glacial maxima of the Pleistocene. Pollen cores indicate that T. plicata only became common in southern coastal British
Thuja_plicata
Species of tree
northern Baja California Sur, and Sonora in Northwestern Mexico. From pollen core data, a portion of the prehistoric distribution of Vauquelinia californica
Vauquelinia_californica
Organisation and delineation of certain agricultural fields
an Iron Age or Romano-British date. However buried soils as well peat pollen cores indicate earlier land-use of these areas and radiocarbon dates suggest
Field_system
Aboriginal Australian practice of regular burning
Singh from the Australian National University, who found evidence in his pollen cores from Lake George indicating that Aboriginal people began burning in the
Fire-stick_farming
Scientific study of ancient lakes and streams
accumulation of sediment as well as other organic matter such as pollen and charcoal. Sediment cores can also be dated quite accurately, often allowing for lake
Paleolimnology
Clade of seed plants that produce flowers
transfer pollen between them. Homomorphic flowers may use a biochemical self-incompatibility to discriminate between self and non-self pollen grains. Dioecious
Flowering_plant
Geologic region in North America
increased tree size, spring ephemeral abundance, and coarse woody debris. Pollen cores from Lanark County provide information about longer term trends in forest
Thousand Islands – Frontenac Arch
Thousand_Islands_–_Frontenac_Arch
Wetland in Lebanon
birds in Lebanon. Various archaeological studies addressed including pollen core analysis on the site of Aammiq. Mammals: The following descriptions of
Aammiq_Wetland
Global warm period around 9,000–5,000 years ago
region. In the Korean Peninsula, arboreal pollen records the HCO as occurring from 8,900 to 4,400 BP, with its core period being 7,600 to 4,800 BP. Sea levels
Holocene_climatic_optimum
Warm weather period, 250 BC to AD 400
dataset compiled by the PAGES 2k Consortium 2017. A high-resolution pollen analysis of a core from Galicia concluded in 2003 that the Roman Warm Period lasted
Roman_Warm_Period
Root vegetable
with homologues in birch pollen (Bet v 1) and mugwort pollen (Art v 1), most carrot allergy sufferers are also allergic to pollen from these plants. In India
Carrot
Global climate phenomenon
variability. Holocene 12000ya / Bay of Guayaquil, Ecuador / Pollen content of marine core Pollen records show changes in precipitation, possibly related to
El_Niño–Southern_Oscillation
Species of flowering plant
Arizona since at least the Late Wisconsin late glacial period based upon pollen core analysis at the Waterman Mountains (Coconino County) - (not the Waterman
Monardella_arizonica
Preserved physical characteristics allowing reconstruction of past climatic conditions
stable isotope measurements from ice cores, growth rates in tree rings, species composition of sub-fossil pollen in lake sediment or foraminifera in ocean
Proxy_(climate)
Lake in the state of Minnesota, United States
Itasca region has changed in response to Holocene climate change. Pollen in the core was attributed to pine forest, grassland, and deciduous forest. The
Deming_Lake
Geological period of the Earth
corresponds to the ice core record of precipitation in the northern hemisphere. Pollen analysis shows a temporary decrease in the pollen levels of trees and
Older_Dryas
Generation of text in natural languages
give predicted pollen levels in different parts of Scotland. From these numbers, the system generates a short textual summary of pollen levels as its output
Natural_language_generation
Tropical fruit tree
dense reddish brown hairs, 1-ovuled, style short and stigma truncate. Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads. The fruit is oval, dark green when immature
Soursop
American indie pop band
one of the best albums of 2020 by USA Today. Their sixth studio album, Pollen, was released in 2023. In 2025, after announcing an indefinite hiatus, Tennis
Tennis_(band)
Seed-bearing part of a flowering plant
pollen from the stamens to the stigma-style-ovary system within the flower-head. After pollination, a pollen tube grows from the (deposited) pollen through
Fruit
Order of flowering plants
Aptian stage in places like Antarctica, Egypt and Argentina with these early pollen samples being known as Tricolpites. At that time those landmasses were part
Gunnerales
the Neolithic period. Van Zeist also conducted analytical studies of pollen cores and charred seeds and fruits from archaeological excavations at Gasselte
Willem_van_Zeist
Geoglyph in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia
of the geoglyph is hoped to be obtained from an ongoing study using pollen core analysis. This suggested dating would place the construction of the 900
Russian_geoglyph
Clade of non-flowering, naked-seeded vascular plants
gametes. During pollination, pollen grains are physically transferred between plants from the pollen cone to the ovule. Pollen is usually moved by wind or
Gymnosperm
Genus of plants (coniferous trees)
mature, they disintegrate to release the seeds, which are winged. Both pollen and seeds are wind-dispersed. Cedars are often planted as ornamental trees
Cedrus
Edible berries native to Northeast Asia
male or female. The male plants have flowers that produce pollen, the females receive the pollen to fertilise their ovules and grow fruit; most kiwifruit
Kiwifruit
Time period c. 12,900–11,700 years ago
Younger Dryas is reconstructed through proxy data such as traces of pollen, ice cores and layers of marine and lake sediments. Collectively, this evidence
Younger_Dryas
Lake in Ticino, Switzerland
pastures. Palaeobotanics examined the core of the lake sediment and discovered deposits of charcoal, cereal pollen, and invasive weeds. What silver fir
Lago_d'Origlio
Cave in Bayankhongor, Mongolia
sedimentation cycle, around 70–90 % of the pollen is associated with trees and shrubs. The remains of spruce and pine pollen were detected. Strata 6–11 in the
Tsagaan_Agui
three groups: core topics, applied topics which study the ways in which plants may be used for economic benefit in horticulture, core topics which associate
Branches_of_botany
Edible fruit
are also allergic to birch pollen. Allergic reactions are triggered by a protein in apples that is similar to birch pollen, and people affected by this
Apple
Species of honey bee
of another nest. The diet of this honey bee species consists mostly of pollen and nectar, or honey. Moreover, Apis cerana is known for its highly social
Apis_cerana
Genus of gymnosperms in the family Ephedraceae
mostly dioecious, with the pollen strobili in whorls of 1–10, each consisting of a series of decussate bracts. The pollen is furrowed. The female strobili
Ephedra_(plant)
Ancient warm and cool periods
intervals. The data are derived from pollen and foraminifera (plankton) remains in drilled marine sediment cores, sapropels, and other data that reflect
Marine_isotope_stages
Species of flowering plant
efficient pollinator. Hummingbirds are major pollinators. They remove more pollen per visit from flowers with curved nectar spurs than with perpendicular
Impatiens_capensis
Elliptical depressions concentrated along the Atlantic seaboard of North America
years ago. Within cores of undisturbed sediments recovered from Big Bay, North Carolina, Brook and others documented well-defined pollen zones consisting
Carolina_bays
Species of plant
straight with yellow, roundish anthers. Pollen grains are tiny, around 60 microns in diameter. After the pollen distribution, the stamens become ash-gray
Jackfruit
Hypothetical impact event
000-year-long record of environmental change by the analysis of pollen from an 18.5 m (61 ft) core from Lake Tulane in Highland county, Florida. Because of the
Tollmann's_bolide_hypothesis
Melinda S.; Butler, Kevin; Flenley, John Roger; Horrocks, Mark (2011). "New pollen, sedimentary, and radiocarbon records from the Marquesas Islands, East Polynesia:
Toʼoviʼi
Genus of flowering plants in the family Paulowniaceae
flower with the arrow shaped anthers then depositing pollen on the dorsal side of a variety of pollen-feeding insects. The superior bilocular ovary, surrounded
Paulownia
Species of tree
spring-early summer and flowers are pollinated by nitidulid beetles. Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads. Fruits ripen 3 to 4 months after flowering
Annona_squamosa
Study of changes in ancient climate
been detected. Pollen has been observed in the ice cores and can be used to understand which plants were present as the layer formed. Pollen is produced
Paleoclimatology
Species of flowering plant
(Ambrosia trifida) pollen. Gene 101(2), 231-38. Makra, L., et al. (2005). The history and impacts of airborne Ambrosia (Asteraceae) pollen in Hungary. Grana
Ambrosia_trifida
animals. pollen pollen-grains, the microspores of seed plants from anthers of angiosperms or the microsporangia (of gymnosperms); . pollen-mass Sometimes
Glossary_of_botanical_terms
Edible summer squash
begins to grow, then dries or rots. This is due to an insufficient number of pollen grains delivered to the female flower. It can be corrected by hand pollination
Zucchini
1908 air burst explosion in Siberia, Russia
portion of the core. These results, including organic C, N, and δ13C data, suggest that Lake Cheko formed at the time of the Tunguska event. Pollen assemblages
Tunguska_event
Sand ridge in Florida and Georgia (United States)
sedge pollen or spore assemblage. Wax Myrtle pollen was abundant throughout the lignite. The relative abundance of different types pollen in the core is
Trail_Ridge
Family of flowering plants
(3rd edition). Perveen, A.; Grafström, E.; El-Ghazaly, G. (2004). "World Pollen and Spore Flora 23. Malvaceae Adams. P.p. Subfamilies: Grewioideae, Tilioideae
Malvaceae
List of longest living trees
to be around 10,000 years old, as determined by DNA samples taken from pollen collected from the sediment of a nearby lake. Individual trees in this group
List_of_oldest_trees
Period of Blytt–Sernander sequence of north European climatic phase
palaeoclimatology was the warmest and moistest Blytt–Sernander period, pollen zone and chronozone of Holocene northern Europe. The climate was generally
Atlantic_period
Suborder of flowering plants
betalains, 3) loss of the rpl2 intron in cpDNA, 4) single whorl of tepals, 5) pollen with spinulose and tubuliferous/punctate exine, 6) placentation free-central
Caryophyllineae
Subfamily of legumes
ascending imbricate Anthers often with a stipitate or sessile apical gland Pollen commonly in tetrads, bitetrads or polyrads Seeds usually with an open or
Caesalpinioideae
Petrified hyrax excrement accumulation
contain a diverse range of paleoenvironmental proxies, including fossil pollen and stable carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen isotopes. Combined with the antiquity
Rock_hyrax_midden
Device which removes solid particulates from the air
fibrous or porous materials which removes particulates such as smoke, dust, pollen, mold, viruses, and bacteria from the air. Filters containing an adsorbent
Air_filter
Country in Oceania
insects and marsupials, such as the honey possum, that feed on nectar and pollen. The koala is an exception, specialising in feeding on eucalyptus leaves
Australia
Period of major glaciations of the Northern Hemisphere (115,000–12,000 years ago)
glaciation of the LGP was intensively studied. Pollen analysis, the statistical analyses of microfossilized plant pollens found in geological deposits, chronicled
Last_Glacial_Period
Warmer periods within an ice age
particular interglacials. Commonly used are mammalian and molluscan species, pollen and plant macro-remains (seeds and fruits). However, many other fossil remains
Interglacial
Tribe of legumes
into heel of funicle; fine red glandular processes present in axils; and pollen tricolporate with opercula and no definite endoaperture." Ross JH, Crisp
Brongniartieae
developed by Onett where bees follow players around. The bees help collect pollen to convert into honey and attack hostile mobs. The game uses quests, events
List_of_Roblox_games
Genus of flowering plants
America, mainland Australia, and Antarctica. Based on fossil pollen recovered from drilling cores, Gunnera is also known to have inhabited the now-submerged
Gunnera
North Atlantic ice rafting events
in the western margin of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, reconstructed from pollen data". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 321–322: 16–23
Bond_event
Public secondary school in Augusta, Arkansas, United States
country ass fucked up town! Shit flying in my mouth...the fuck? I can't see, pollen—let's get the fuck out of this country motherfucker, I can't even see..
Augusta High School (Arkansas)
Augusta_High_School_(Arkansas)
Genus of flowering plants
meaning that a flower's anthers release its pollen prior to the flower's stigmas being receptive to pollen. The flowers undergo three stages of anthesis:
Aquilegia
Genus of vines
division of the ruler is 1 mm. Seeds of Luffa aegyptiaca look similar. Pollen grains of Luffa Luffa flowers Sponges made of sponge gourd The plant name
Luffa
Mycelial mass
grow down the pollen tube without branching any hyphae outward. When the fungus reaches the bottom of the ovary, it leaves the pollen tube path and enters
Sclerotium
First of Blytt–Sernander sequence of north European climatic phase
schemes based on pollen zones also distinguish a pre-Boreal (pollen zone IV), an early Boreal (pollen zone V) and a late Boreal (pollen zone VIa, b, and
Boreal_period
Genus of cacti
side is differently shaped from the lower side (zygomorphic); and yellow pollen. They generally flower earlier than members of the Buckleyi Group and, although
Schlumbergera
Severe climatic event starting around 2200 BC
with significant aridification, measured by the large decline in arboreal pollen percentage (AP). On Jeju Island, in contrast, the climate was humid, as
4.2-kiloyear_event
Witch-hazel, a shrub or small tree
simple longitudinal slits of the anthers in the upper Hamamelidae where the pollen is predominantly wind-driven. The three types of anthers found in the Hamamelidaceae
Hamamelidaceae
North Atlantic regional climate era, c. 950 - c. 1250
islands experienced less precipitation leading to a decrease in peatland. Pollen data from this region indicates an expansion of warm climate vegetation
Medieval_Warm_Period
Series of north European climatic periods
example, recent peat core samples at Roskilde Fjord and Lake Kornerup in Denmark identified 40 to 62 distinguishable layers of pollen, respectively. However
Blytt–Sernander_system
System to cool the air in a vehicle
quickly cooling the passenger compartment and also reducing humidity, dust, pollen, and tobacco smoke. The system drew in more outside air than contemporary
Automotive_air_conditioning
Order of eudicot flowering plants
margins, flowers arranged in racemes, small styles capable of receiving pollen along their entire length rather than having a separate stigma, one to two
Buxales
American writer and activist (1924–1987)
Gerstner, David A. (2011). Chapter 2: "James Baldwin: 1924–87". Queer Pollen: White Seduction, Black Male Homosexuality, and the Cinematic. University
James_Baldwin
British travel retailer
rejected private equity takeover in 2004, the company began to focus on its core retail business. In the 1960s, the company facilitated the creation of the
WHSmith
Facts provided or learned about something or someone
information to guide the bee to the flower, where the bee often finds nectar or pollen, which are causal inputs, a nutritional function. Information is any type
Information
Lake in Ontario, Canada
accurate dating of sediment cores and make Crawford Lake a prime site for archeological and geochemical studies. Using pollen analysis of the lake, reconstruction
Crawford_Lake
Circumpolar species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family
self-incompatible, requiring cross-pollination to produce viable seeds; since pollen dispersal is usually not far, individuals and clonal colonies can become
Linnaea
POLLEN CORE
POLLEN CORE
Female
English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic CailÃn, COLLEEN means "girl."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Colleen, COLLYN means "girl."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Hollen.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Dolly, DOLLEE means "gift of God."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Woolen.Norwegian : habitational name from any of numerous farmsteads named Vollen, from the definite singular form of voll ‘meadow’ (see Voll).
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Colleen, COLEEN means "girl."Â
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Yorkshire)
English (chiefly Yorkshire) : topographic name from Middle English holin ‘holly tree’, or a habitational name from any of the minor places named with this word, as for example Hollin and Holling in Worcestershire, or Hollins in West Yorkshire.
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Helen, probably HELLEN means "torch."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Dolly, DOLLEY means "gift of God."
Surname or Lastname
Norwegian
Norwegian : habitational name from any of several farmsteads, so named from Old Norse pollr ‘small bay’, ‘pond’.English : possibly a respelling of Irish Polan, Polin, an Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Póilin ‘son of Pólin’, from a pet form of Pól, Gaelic form of Paul.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for someone with golden hair, from Middle English gelden, golden (from Old English gylden).Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mag Ualghairg (see McGoldrick).
Surname or Lastname
English (Northumbria)
English (Northumbria) : apparently a variant spelling of Hollen.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Colin, COLLIN means "whelp; young pup."
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : apparently a variant spelling of Follin.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Collin, a pet form of Coll 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Bullen.
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Colton, COLTEN means "Cola's settlement."
Surname or Lastname
Dutch and German (also North German von Holten)
Dutch and German (also North German von Holten) : habitational name from places so called, from Low German holt ‘holt’, ‘copse’, ‘small wood’. There is one in the Dutch province of Overijssel and another near Oberhausen in the Rhineland.Danish : variant of Holt.Norwegian : habitational name from any of several farmsteads so named, either from the definite singular form of holt ‘holt’, ‘small wood’ (see Holt), or from holt ‘hill’, ‘stony slope’.English : variant spelling of Holton.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Yorkshire)
English (chiefly Yorkshire) : topographic name from Middle English holin, holi(e) ‘holly tree’. Compare Hollen.
Girl/Female
Irish
From the Irish cailin meaning “girl†and used by the Irish in the USA and Australia as a way of connecting to their Irish roots.
POLLEN CORE
POLLEN CORE
Boy/Male
German, Swedish
Great; Famous
Boy/Male
Native American
Yellow rabbit.
Boy/Male
Biblical
Son of strength.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Jasmine; A Flower Name
Girl/Female
Indian, Kashmiri
Victorious Mind
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Fidelma, FEDELMA means "hospitable."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hymn
Biblical
of a horn
Boy/Male
Arabic, Indian, Muslim
Challenging; Showing Openly; Fast and Furious
Boy/Male
Tamil
POLLEN CORE
POLLEN CORE
POLLEN CORE
POLLEN CORE
POLLEN CORE
a.
Very precious; highly valuable; excellent; eminently auspicious; as, golden opinions.
a.
Covered with pollen.
a.
Deprived of a poll, or of something belonging to the poll. Specifically: (a) Lopped; -- said of trees having their tops cut off. (b) Cropped; hence, bald; -- said of a person. "The polled bachelor." Beau. & Fl. (c) Having cast the antlers; -- said of a stag. (d) Without horns; as, polled cattle; polled sheep.
n.
ANy insect whose larva rolls up leaves; a leaf roller. see Tortrix.
a.
Swollen; puffed out.
n.
A little ball; as, a pellet of wax / paper.
imp. & p. p.
of Poll
n.
A long cylinder on which something is rolled up; as, the roller of a man.
a.
Having the color of gold; as, the golden grain.
n.
One who polls; specifically: (a) One who polls or lops trees. (b) One who polls or cuts hair; a barber. [R.] (c) One who extorts or plunders. [Obs.] Baex. (d) One who registplws votplws, or one who enters his name as a voter.
a.
Plucked; pilled; moulting.
n.
Pollen.
v. t.
To supply with pollen; to impregnate with pollen.
n.
The first, or preaxial, digit of the fore limb, corresponding to the hallux in the hind limb; the thumb. In birds, the pollex is the joint which bears the bastard wing.
b. t.
To raise or lift by means of a pulley.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Poll
n.
A lake whitefish (Coregonus pollan), native of Ireland. In appearance it resembles a herring.
n.
A small wheel, as of a caster, a roller skate, etc.
n.
A substance found in the pollen of certain plants.
n.
A long, belt-formed towel, to be suspended on a rolling cylinder; -- called also roller towel.