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Probability of a normal operation of the electrical grid at a given time
The power system reliability (sometimes grid reliability) is the probability of a normal operation of the electrical grid at a given time. Reliability indices
Power_system_reliability
Non profit Electric Reliability Organization
the reliability and security of the grid". NERC oversees six regional reliability entities and encompasses all of the interconnected power systems of Canada
North American Electric Reliability Corporation
North_American_Electric_Reliability_Corporation
Sub-discipline of systems engineering that emphasizes dependability
Reliability engineering is a sub-discipline of systems engineering that emphasizes the ability of equipment to function without failure. Reliability is
Reliability_engineering
Assessment of power system reliability
Reliability index is an attempt to quantitatively assess the reliability of a system using a single numerical value. The set of reliability indices varies
Reliability_index
Electrical grounding for safety or function
An earthing system (internationally) or grounding system (US) connects specific parts of an electric power system, such as the conductive surfaces of
Earthing_system
Series of electrical grids that power the US and Canada
American bulk power system." NERC oversees eight regional reliability entities and encompasses all of the interconnected power systems of the contiguous
North American power transmission grid
North_American_power_transmission_grid
Energy storage system using electrochemical secondary cells
A battery energy storage system (BESS), battery storage power station, battery energy grid storage (BEGS) or battery grid storage is a type of energy storage
Battery_energy_storage_system
Canadian electrical engineer (1935–2025)
won the IEEE Canada Electric Power Medal for his research and application of reliability concepts in electric power system. In 2007, Billinton was elected
Roy_Billinton
Regional electric energy reliability organization
responsible for ensuring the reliability of the North American Bulk-Power System, pursuant to the Energy Policy Act of 2005. ReliabilityFirst performs this function
ReliabilityFirst
Power generating organization in India
Source: Power Stations of AP after bifurcation into APGENCO and TGGENCO Though the performance of APGenCo thermal power stations in terms of reliability, availability
Andhra Pradesh Power Generation Corporation Limited
Andhra_Pradesh_Power_Generation_Corporation_Limited
Branch of electrical power engineering
Power system protection is a set of techniques and power grid equipment used to limit the damage caused by an electrical fault and safeguard other components
Power_system_protection
Quality of robustness of computer hardware
reliability-availability-serviceability to systems in general, including software: Reliability can be defined as the probability that a system will produce correct outputs
Reliability, availability and serviceability
Reliability,_availability_and_serviceability
Factor in safety, ergonomics and system resilience
reliability is important to the resilience of socio-technical systems, and has implications for fields like manufacturing, medicine and nuclear power
Human_reliability
Electrical power generation from wind
Steven J. (22 October 2021). "Geophysical constraints on the reliability of solar and wind power worldwide". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 6146. Bibcode:2021NatCo
Wind_power
delivery is the process that starts after generation of electricity in the power station, up to the use by the consumer. The main processes in electricity
Electricity_delivery
Component of an electricity supply system housing fuses
box or DB box) is a component of an electricity supply system that divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits while providing a protective
Distribution_board
Power system designed to supply usable electric power from solar energy
A photovoltaic system, also called a PV system or solar power system, is an electric power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics
Photovoltaic_system
visibility, optimize response times, and improve overall grid reliability. These systems also support switching order management, real-time notifications
Outage_management_system
Regional electric energy reliability organization
power system reliability. Texas RE was formed on January 1, 2010 to succeed Texas Regional Entity as the Regional Entity for the Electric Reliability
Texas_Reliability_Entity
American electrical engineer
bulk power system reliability. He also received the IEEE PES Roy Billinton Award in 2014 for his contribution to reliability of electric power systems and
Mark_Lauby
Indian power generating organization
retained with powers of controlling system operations of power generation after formation of Telangana state. Telangana Power Generation Corporation Limited
Telangana Power Generation Corporation Limited
Telangana_Power_Generation_Corporation_Limited
Interconnected network for delivering electricity to consumers
between regions are many times interconnected for improved economy and reliability. Electrical interconnectors allow for economies of scale, allowing energy
Electrical_grid
Power generation and distribution in India
coal and large hydroelectric projects forming the backbone of India's power system. However, not every state was rich in coal or hydro resources. This lead
Electricity_sector_in_India
Electric energy storage system
type of hydroelectric energy storage used by electric power systems for load balancing. A PSH system stores energy in the form of gravitational potential
Pumped-storage hydroelectricity
Pumped-storage_hydroelectricity
Duplication of critical components to increase reliability of a system
and systems theory, redundancy is the intentional duplication of critical components or functions of a system with the goal of increasing reliability of
Redundancy_(engineering)
Energy available from oceans
water. Systems may be either open-cycle, closed-cycle, or hybrid. The energy from moving masses of water – a popular form of hydroelectric power generation
Marine_energy
Techniques by electrical power stations to store excess electrical power
short work commuting). Electrical grid Grid balancing Power system reliability Load following power plant Load profile Electricity generation Distributed
Load balancing (electrical power)
Load_balancing_(electrical_power)
Concept of maintenance planning
Reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) is a concept of maintenance planning to ensure that systems continue to do what their users require in their present
Reliability-centered maintenance
Reliability-centered_maintenance
Fellow of the IEEE in 2019 for "contributions to the development of power system reliability methods." Mitra grew up in India and earned his BS in Electrical
Joydeep_Mitra
system reliability Electromagnetic transient analysis cable ampacity Induction motor parameter estimation Transmission line parameters Power system optimization
Power_systems_CAD
Measure of strength of a power system
Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC), which is responsible for developing reliability standards for the bulk power system, defines reliability in terms
Resilience_(power_system)
Electric power coordinator
would ensure equal access to the power grid for non-utility firms, enhance the reliability of the transmission system and operate wholesale electricity
Regional transmission organization (North America)
Regional_transmission_organization_(North_America)
The Generating Availability Data System (GADS) is a database produced by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC). It includes annual
Generating Availability Data System
Generating_Availability_Data_System
Transmission system operator in the United States and Canada
the MISO power grid. The system has been in operation since December 31, 2003. It serves as the primary management tool for the reliability of transmission
Midcontinent Independent System Operator
Midcontinent_Independent_System_Operator
Regional energy transmission organization in Texas
(NERC) that coordinate to improve reliability of the bulk power grid. As the ISO for the region, ERCOT dispatches power on an electric grid that connects
Electric Reliability Council of Texas
Electric_Reliability_Council_of_Texas
Term in electrical engineering
generation capacity is less than the system load. Multiple probabilistic reliability indices for the generation systems are using loss of load in their definitions
Loss_of_load
Power plant operation
delivery, a system operator is using the power-flow study algorithms in order to find the optimal power flow. At this stage the goal is reliability ("security")
Power system operations and control
Power_system_operations_and_control
Indian statutory organization
renewable energy integration, power system reliability, and the adoption of modern technologies within the Indian power sector. Electricity sector in
Central Electricity Authority (India)
Central_Electricity_Authority_(India)
International power transmission system centred in Quebec, Canada
transmission system (also known as the Quebec interconnection) is an international electric power transmission system centred in Quebec, Canada. The system pioneered
Hydro-Québec's electricity transmission system
Hydro-Québec's_electricity_transmission_system
Electrical transmission guidelines of USA
and lower delivered energy costs, maintains power system reliability, mitigates significant market power and increases the choices offered to wholesale
Standard_Market_Design
Electrical device that uses batteries to prevent any interruption of power flow
optimized N + 1 configurations"Balancing Scalability and Reliability in the Critical Power System: When Does N + 1 Become Too Many + 1?". Archived from the
Uninterruptible_power_supply
Electrical component that can break an electrical circuit
manipulated by a human as a control signal to a system, such as a computer keyboard button, or to control power flow in a circuit, such as a light switch.
Switch
System for supplying uninterrupted power
share were willing to accept lower reliability in return for a small bill discount. An example of a continual power system is the flywheel, which is common
Continual_power_system
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
allowed to bring reliability upgrades during the freeze. ** System output estimates are final readings at season end. *** New power unit regulations introduced
Honda V6 hybrid Formula One power unit
Honda_V6_hybrid_Formula_One_power_unit
Indian-American electrical engineer
education in electric power system reliability" 2010 Inaugural recipient of the Roy Billinton Power System Reliability Award from the Power & Energy Society
Chanan_Singh
Oversees the operation of New England's bulk electric power system
formed to improve system reliability. Concerned about the system's reliability, the Northeast's power companies formed three "power pools" to ensure a
ISO_New_England
Power-system reliability measure
Retrieved 2024-09-12. Billinton, Roy; Allan, Ronald N. (1996). Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York: Plenum Press. ISBN 978-0-306-45259-8
Expected_unserved_energy
Regional electric energy reliability organization
utility systems as members. As of 2019, NPCC has 90 members. North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) List of major power outages "Power Firms
Northeast Power Coordinating Council
Northeast_Power_Coordinating_Council
Regional electric energy reliability organization
The Midwest Reliability Organization (MRO) began operations on January 1, 2005, as the successor to the Mid-continent Area Power Pool (MAPP), which was
Midwest Reliability Organization
Midwest_Reliability_Organization
United States utility company
percent of the electricity demand in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, the transmission system that covers much of Texas. AEP's utility units operate
American_Electric_Power
Organization successful in avoiding catastrophes where accidents are expected due to risk
A high reliability organization (HRO) is an organization that has succeeded in avoiding catastrophes in an environment where normal accidents can be expected
High_reliability_organization
Failure analysis system used in safety engineering and reliability engineering
state of a system is examined. This analysis method is mainly used in safety engineering and reliability engineering to understand how systems can fail
Fault_tree_analysis
Thermal power plant in Raebareli, India
Thermal Power Plant is located at Unchahar in Raebareli district in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants
Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station
Feroze_Gandhi_Unchahar_Thermal_Power_Station
Component whose failure will disrupt the entire system
enable the system to continue to function without it. SPOFs are undesirable in any system with a goal of high availability or reliability, be it a business
Single_point_of_failure
Modelling of electrical grids
Electrical power system simulation involves power system modeling and network simulation in order to analyze electrical power systems using design/offline
Power_system_simulation
Power grid providing power to most of Texas
current (AC) power grid – a wide area synchronous grid – that covers most of the state of Texas. The grid is managed by the Electric Reliability Council of
Texas_Interconnection
Analysis of potential system failures
malfunctions of military systems. An FMEA is often the first step of a system reliability study. A few different types of FMEA analyses exist, such as: Functional
Failure mode and effects analysis
Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis
Tanzanian electric company
interconnected grid system: Total hydro power: 561 MW Total gas-fired power plants: 544 MW (only 320 MW is operational) Total liquid fuel-fired power plants: 210 MW
TANESCO
Act, the NBSO was responsible for the adequacy and reliability of the integrated electricity system, and for facilitating the development and operation
New_Brunswick_System_Operator
Measure of frequency of electric power interruptions
The System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) is commonly used as a reliability index by electric power utilities. This index measures the average
SAIFI
Widespread national level rolling blackouts
2021. "Eskom pledges to continue increased reliability maintenance programme to improve power system reliability". Eskom. 25 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October
South_African_energy_crisis
Power-system automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via instrumentation and control devices. Substation automation refers
Power-system_automation
Regional electric energy reliability organization
SERC Reliability Corporation (SERC) is responsible for ensuring a reliable and secure electric grid across 16 southeastern and central states. The SERC
SERC_Reliability_Corporation
Engineering Company
often performed by AEi Systems include stress analysis, failure analysis, and reliability analysis, in addition to WCCA . AEi Systems also has significant
AEi_Systems
Wide area synchronous transmission grid
Unified Power System (UPS; Единая энергетическая система России [ЕЭС], Yedinaya energeticheskaya sistema Rossii) and the Integrated Power System (IPS; Объединенная
IPS/UPS
Power outage in North America
Power System Outage Task Force released their final report, placing the causes of the blackout into four groups: FirstEnergy (FE) and its reliability
Northeast_blackout_of_2003
Systems to distribute electricity
motors (the Thury system) although this suffered from serious reliability issues. The first solid-state metal diode suitable for general power uses was developed
Electric_power_system
Period when a computer system is available
Uptime is a measure of system reliability, expressed as the period of time a machine, typically a computer, has been continuously working and available
Uptime
Internal computer component that provides power to other components
specified by a manufacturer. Power supplies for servers, industrial control equipment, or other places where reliability is important may be hot swappable
Power_supply_unit_(computer)
Resilience of systems to component failures or errors
components may lower the reliability of the system to a level equal to, or even worse than, a comparable non-fault-tolerant system. There is a difference
Fault_tolerance
System for powering electric vehicles
safety and reliability, and added the ability to supply power to electric buses, trucks, and cars. Some ground-level power supply systems use efficient
Ground-level_power_supply
State-owned electric power production company
four thermal power plants generating 256 MW, seven geothermal power plants with a generating capacity of 713.13 MW and one Wind power plant at Ngong
Kenya Electricity Generating Company
Kenya_Electricity_Generating_Company
Mass power outages triggered by snow and ice storms
the state's history. According to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), the Texas power grid was four minutes and 37 seconds away from complete
2021_Texas_power_crisis
Coal-fired power plant in Rajasthan, India
capacity of power plant is 2320 MW. Energy portal India portal Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Plant Giral Lignite Power Plant Kota Super Thermal Power Plant
Chhabra_Thermal_Power_Plant
Type of computer operating system
system (EOS) is an operating system designed specifically for embedded computer systems. These systems aim to enhance functionality and reliability to
Embedded_operating_system
Systems with high up-time, a.k.a. "always on"
specific context of a given study. There are three principles of systems design in reliability engineering that can help achieve high availability. Elimination
High_availability
Computerized control system with distributed decision-making
machine control systems exhibit similar properties as plant and process control systems do. The key attribute of a DCS is its reliability due to the distribution
Distributed_control_system
Mode in powerlines during the power up procedure
components and increase reliability of the high voltage system. Inrush currents into capacitive components are a key concern in power-up stress to components
Pre-charge
1906–1948 South African electricity supply company
Victoria Falls and Transvaal Power Company was a South African-based electricity company that supplied power to the goldmines and industry on the Witwatersrand
Victoria Falls and Transvaal Power Company
Victoria_Falls_and_Transvaal_Power_Company
IEEE. Retrieved November 25, 2021. "IEEE Power Electronics". IEEE. Retrieved December 10, 2021. "IEEE Power Electronics". IEEE Fellows Directory. Retrieved
List of fellows of IEEE Power & Energy Society
List_of_fellows_of_IEEE_Power_&_Energy_Society
Reliability index used by electric power utilities
The system average interruption duration index (SAIDI) is commonly used as a reliability index by electric power utilities. SAIDI is the average cumulative
SAIDI
Set of rules describing computer system
memory, and input/output systems. Computer architecture also considers tradeoffs between performance, cost, power, reliability, and security. The first
Computer_architecture
Seventh major release of the classic Mac OS (1991)
Mac OS to support SMP (9500/MP). System 7.5.3 Revision 2 included performance enhancements; better reliability for PowerBooks using the third-party RAM
System_7
Swedish electrical engineer
Fellows, "for contributions to predictive maintenance models for power system reliability". "Lina Bertling Tjernberg", Profiles, KTH, retrieved 2026-01-05
Lina_Bertling_Tjernberg
American unmanned aerial vehicle
flight-critical functions, improving the electrical power system's reliability via three independent power sources. New communications capabilities, including
General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper
Series of Unix operating systems from IBM
19, 2025. "IBM AIX V7.1 and IBM PowerVM V2.2 offer new functions for virtualization, security, reliability, and system management for mission-critical
IBM_AIX
South African electricity public utility
Although the report predicted that this action would improve power supply and reliability, it was never enacted. In February 2019, these plans were resurrected
Eskom
Micro-electronic component
learned lessons from embedded systems and smartphone markets about reduced power consumption, better performance and reliability from tighter integration of
System_on_a_chip
Type of electrical power inverter
endanger power system reliability. Further, the variability of renewable energy sources (RES), primarily concerning photovoltaics (PV) and wind power, could
Synchronverter
Action with unintended consequences
human error is generally seen as a major contributor to reliability and safety of (complex) systems. Human error is one of the many contributing causes of
Human_error
Subfield of electrical engineering
design protection systems and automation strategies to increase reliability. (UCR, 2025) Power System Protection: Modern protection systems employ digital
Power_engineering
Power station in India
Thermal Power Plant is Rajasthan's first major coal-fired power plant. It is located on the west bank of the Chambal River in Kota. Kota Thermal Power Station
Kota Super Thermal Power Plant
Kota_Super_Thermal_Power_Plant
Converts output of a photovoltaic panel into a utility frequency alternating current
Combined with the lower power and heat loads and improved MTBF, some suggest that overall array reliability of a microinverter-based system is significantly
Solar_inverter
Thermal power station in India
Thermal Power Station is Rajasthan's first super thermal power station. It is located 27 km away from Suratgarh town in Ganganagar district. The power plant
Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Plant
Suratgarh_Super_Thermal_Power_Plant
Concentrated solar power station in Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco
Ouarzazate Solar Power Station (OSPS), also called Noor Power Station (نور, Arabic for light) is a solar power complex and auxiliary diesel fuel system located
Ouarzazate Solar Power Station
Ouarzazate_Solar_Power_Station
Property of power grids
power supply and demand for electric power systems, typically the electrical grid. Due to the ever existing power imbalance between mechanical power supply
Inertial_response
Regional electric energy reliability organization
Coordinating Council (WECC) oversees Bulk Electric System (BES) reliability for the entire Western Interconnection system in North America. WECC is the regional entity
Western Electricity Coordinating Council
Western_Electricity_Coordinating_Council
Electric transmission and generation cooperative
Energy was formed in 1999 through the merger of Cooperative Power Association and United Power Association. Great River Energy owns or co-owns more than
Great_River_Energy
Type of electric power company
infrastructure, reliability, and regulation. In 2009, the French company EDF was the world's largest producer of electricity. An electric power system is a group
Electric_utility
failover mechanism to provide reliability in system configurations. The hot spare is active and connected as part of a working system. When a key component fails
Hot_spare
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : occupational name denoting a servant who carried the ewer to guests at table so that they could wash their hands, Anglo-Norman French and Middle English ewerer (related to ewere ‘jug’), with the French definite article l’.Cornish : variant of Flower 4.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Powell.North German : from a form of the personal name Paul.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pranali | பà¯à®°à®£à®¾à®²à¯€
System, Organization
Pranali | பà¯à®°à®£à®¾à®²à¯€
Surname or Lastname
Scottish
Scottish : occupational name for a bow maker, Older Scots bowar, equivalent to English Bowyer.English and Scottish : from Middle English bur, bour ‘bower’, ‘cottage’, ‘inner room’ (Old English būr), hence a topographic name for someone who lived in a small cottage, an occupational name for a house servant who attended his master in his private quarters (see Bowerman), or a habitational name from any of various places, for example in Essex, named Bower or Bowers from this word.
Surname or Lastname
Irish (Leinster and Munster) and English (of Norman origin)
Irish (Leinster and Munster) and English (of Norman origin) : habitational name for someone from Pois, a place in Picardy (said to have been named with Old French pois ‘fish’ because of its well-stocked river), from Old French Pohier ‘native of Pois’.English : nickname for a poor man, or ironically for a miser, from Middle English, Old French povre, poure ‘poor’ (Latin pauper). Woulfe gives this also as the meaning of the Norman Irish name, which in early records is found as le Poer, believing it to be a nickname for someone who has taken a vow of poverty.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : habitational name for someone from Posa or Poserna, south of Merseburg, or a variant of Pose (see Posey).English : variant of Peiser.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English
Foggy; Misty
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a vain or proud man, from Middle English po ‘peacock’. Compare Peacock.Welsh : variant of Pugh.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a tower, usually a defensive fortification or watchtower, from Middle English, Old French tūr (Latin turris).English : occupational name for someone who dressed white leather, cured with alum rather than tanned with bark, from an agent derivative of Middle English taw(en) (Old English tawian ‘to prepare, make ready’).English : Americanized spelling of German Tauer.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a baker, doghere, from an agent derivative of Middle English dogh ‘dough’.Probably an Americanized spelling of German Dauer.
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : regional name for someone from the district north of Paris known in Old French as Gohiere.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of the various places in northern France called Gouy (from the Gallo-Roman personal name Gaudius + the locative suffix -acum), with the addition of the Anglo-Norman French suffix -er.English : from a Norman personal name, Go(h)ier, cognate with the Old English name mentioned at Gooder.Welsh : from the peninsula in southern Wales, of which the Welsh name is Gŵyr.Probably an Americanized spelling of German Gauer.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pranaali | பà¯à®°à®¨à®¾à®²à¯€
System, Organization
Pranaali | பà¯à®°à®¨à®¾à®²à¯€
Boy/Male
Welsh Shakespearean
Pure.
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia, chiefly Norfolk)
English (East Anglia, chiefly Norfolk) : occupational name for someone who mowed pasture lands to provide hay, from an agent derivative of Middle English mow(en) ‘mow’ (Old English mÄwen).Welsh : nickname from mawr ‘big’ (see Moore 6).German (Möwer) : nickname from an agent derivative of Middle High German mÅven ‘to torment, trouble, or burden’.
Boy/Male
British, English
Surname Related to Paul; Small
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Power.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : variant of Lister.
Boy/Male
Norse
Happy.
Girl/Female
Hindu
System, Organization
Girl/Female
English
Misty.
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
Girl/Female
Hindu
Female
Croatian
, strawberry.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a lost or unidentified place.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pudarjunan | பà¯à®¤à®¾à®°à¯à®œà¯à®¨à®¾à®¨
This name refers to Lord Shiva according to Hindu mythology
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Bagnall.
Female
African
a dreamer.
Girl/Female
Australian, Christian, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, Norse, Swedish
Praise God; Elfin Spear; Wealthy; Song
Girl/Female
Arabic, Indian, Muslim, Sanskrit
Powerful
Male
Greek
(Ιανός) Greek form of Roman Latin Ianus (Janus), IANOS means "door, gate" or "archway."
Boy/Male
Indian
Abu amr Nasr
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
POWER SYSTEM-RELIABILITY
n.
Hence, vested authority to act in a given case; as, the business was referred to a committee with power.
n.
The product arising from the multiplication of a number into itself; as, a square is the second power, and a cube is third power, of a number.
n.
Applied force; force producing motion or pressure; as, the power applied at one and of a lever to lift a weight at the other end.
v. t.
To stem, or move against; as, to restem a current.
v. t.
To sprinkle with powder, or as with powder; to be sprinkle; as, to powder the hair.
n.
A large quantity; a great number; as, a power o/ good things.
n.
Ability to act, regarded as latent or inherent; the faculty of doing or performing something; capacity for action or performance; capability of producing an effect, whether physical or moral: potency; might; as, a man of great power; the power of capillary attraction; money gives power.
n.
Ability, regarded as put forth or exerted; strength, force, or energy in action; as, the power of steam in moving an engine; the power of truth, or of argument, in producing conviction; the power of enthusiasm.
n.
Mental or moral ability to act; one of the faculties which are possessed by the mind or soul; as, the power of thinking, reasoning, judging, willing, fearing, hoping, etc.
n.
An assemblage of objects arranged in regular subordination, or after some distinct method, usually logical or scientific; a complete whole of objects related by some common law, principle, or end; a complete exhibition of essential principles or facts, arranged in a rational dependence or connection; a regular union of principles or parts forming one entire thing; as, a system of philosophy; a system of government; a system of divinity; a system of botany or chemistry; a military system; the solar system.
a.
Of or pertaining to the general system, or the body as a whole; as, systemic death, in distinction from local death; systemic circulation, in distinction from pulmonic circulation; systemic diseases.
a.
To reduce the degree, intensity, strength, etc., of; as, to lower the temperature of anything; to lower one's vitality; to lower distilled liquors.
n.
A machine acted upon by an animal, and serving as a motor to drive other machinery; as, a dog power.
n.
An assemblage of parts or organs, either in animal or plant, essential to the performance of some particular function or functions which as a rule are of greater complexity than those manifested by a single organ; as, the capillary system, the muscular system, the digestive system, etc.; hence, the whole body as a functional unity.
n.
A mechanical agent; that from which useful mechanical energy is derived; as, water power; steam power; hand power, etc.
a.
Of or relating to a system; common to a system; as, the systemic circulation of the blood.
v. i.
To be reduced to powder; to become like powder; as, some salts powder easily.
n.
Regular method or order; formal arrangement; plan; as, to have a system in one's business.
n.
Capacity of undergoing or suffering; fitness to be acted upon; susceptibility; -- called also passive power; as, great power of endurance.