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Economic policy of restricting imports
Protectionism, sometimes referred to as trade protectionism, is the economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as
Protectionism
Country in North America
Holidays Identity Individuals Inventions Literature Media Censorship Music Protectionism Sports Theatre Symbols Anthem Coat of arms Flag list Maple leaf Provincial
Canada
Agricultural Protectionism in Japan refers to the protection of farmers and the agricultural sector in Japan from international competition. The country
Agricultural protectionism in Japan
Agricultural_protectionism_in_Japan
Position within animal rights theory
Animal protectionism is a position within animal rights theory that favors incremental change in pursuit of non-human animal interests. It is contrasted
Animal_protectionism
Absence of government restriction on international trade
positions, while economic nationalist political parties generally support protectionism, the opposite of free trade. Most nations today are members of the World
Free_trade
President of the United States from 1981 to 1989
Orthodoxy Patriotism Philosophical realism Moral realism Private property Protectionism Public morality Rule of law Social hierarchy Social institutions Social
Ronald_Reagan
Supreme Leader of Iran since 2026
Clericalism Islamic culture Jihad Istishhad Shia Jihadism Palestinianism Protectionism Public morality Reactionary Republicanism Self-sustainability Sex segregation
Mojtaba_Khamenei
Efforts of Canada to limit the effect of foreign culture
Cultural protectionism in Canada has, since the mid-20th century, taken the form of conscious, interventionist attempts on the part of various governments
Canadian cultural protectionism
Canadian_cultural_protectionism
British politician, academic and broadcaster (born 1973)
Nationalism English Northern Irish Patriotism Pro-Europeanism (factions) Protectionism Royalism Social market economy Social stratification Sovereignty State
Rory_Stewart
Protectionism in the United States is protectionist economic policy that erects tariffs and other barriers on imported goods. This policy was most prevalent
Protectionism in the United States
Protectionism_in_the_United_States
Preferring a language variety as purer
Linguistic purism or linguistic protectionism is a concept with two common meanings: one with respect to foreign languages and the other with respect
Linguistic_purism
The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution
History of taxation in the United States
History_of_taxation_in_the_United_States
American politician and attorney (born 1951)
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
John Kennedy (Louisiana politician)
John_Kennedy_(Louisiana_politician)
World War II general, U.S. president from 1953 to 1961
Militarism Moral absolutism Natural law Ordered liberty Patriotism Protectionism Republicanism Right to bear arms Rule of law Tradition People Presidents
Dwight_D._Eisenhower
The shifts since 2020 have moved it towards national conservatism, protectionism, cultural conservatism, and a more realist foreign policy. Conservatives
Conservatism in the United States
Conservatism_in_the_United_States
False claim about a crime
Russell-Brown in her book The Color of Crime: Racial Hoaxes, White Fear, Black Protectionism, Police Harassment and Other Macroaggressions (1998). A racial hoax
Racial_hoax
Political party in India
later when it was in government, the BJP shifted its stance away from protectionism and towards globalisation. The tenure of the NDA saw an unprecedented
Bharatiya_Janata_Party
Canadian historian (1878–1967)
Lionel Groulx (French: [ɡʁu]; 13 January 1878 – 23 May 1967) was a Canadian Roman Catholic priest, historian, professor, public intellectual and Quebec
Lionel_Groulx
Ideology that favors state intervention to protect the domestic economy
and some question the benefits of unrestricted free trade. They favor protectionism and advocate for self-sufficiency. To economic nationalists, markets
Economic_nationalism
Political party
during FDR's administration, marking a sharp departure from the era of protectionism in the United States. American duties on foreign products declined from
Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic_Party_(United_States)
Goods import or export tax
industry. Protective tariffs are among the most widely used instruments of protectionism, along with import quotas and export quotas and other non-tariff barriers
Tariff
Restriction of access to Snapchat by governments and organizations
culture, reducing displays of behavior considered to be immoral, economic protectionism, protecting mental health (especially among youth), technological sovereignty
Censorship_of_Snapchat
Restrictions limiting international trade
mid-to-late 19th century. The interwar period led to a regression back to protectionism, but post-WWII there was a near-universal commitment to multilateralism
Trade_barrier
British economist and politician (1772–1823)
competitive in every area than its trading counterpart. Ricardo opposed protectionism for national economies and was concerned about the short-term impact
David_Ricardo
Lawyer, political campaigner
Law and order Limited government Loyalism Monarchism Property rights Protectionism Rule of law Tradition History Continuous Ministry Historic conservatism
Jordan Williams (New Zealand lawyer)
Jordan_Williams_(New_Zealand_lawyer)
Agricultural sector of the U.S. economy
economic protectionism consisting of protectionist policies and government subsidies for the nation's own agricultural industry. This form of protectionism has
Food_and_fiber_system
The National Economic Protectionism Association (NEPA) is the oldest local non-government organization in the Philippines having been established in 1934
National Economic Protectionism Association
National_Economic_Protectionism_Association
Alliance between multiple countries in pursuit of a common goal
multilateralism has challenges. The rise of populism, nationalism, and protectionism in some countries has raised concerns about the future of multilateralism
Multilateralism
Rationale for protectionism
The infant industry argument is an economic rationale for trade protectionism. The core of the argument is that nascent industries often do not have the
Infant_industry_argument
Anti-dumping duties Voluntary export restraints History Mercantilism Protectionism Laissez-faire Free trade Economic nationalism Economic integration Organizations
Foreign_trade_of_Iran
Financial crisis leading to economic depression in Europe and North America
The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis that triggered an economic depression in Europe and North America that lasted from 1873 to 1877, continuing until
Panic_of_1873
conservative political beliefs in Colombia that is characterized by protectionism, support of Catholic values, social stability and anti-totalitarianism
Conservatism_in_Colombia
1998 book by Katheryn Russell-Brown
The Color of Crime: Racial Hoaxes, White Fear, Black Protectionism, Police Harassment and Other Macroaggressions is a 1998 book by American academic Katheryn
The_Color_of_Crime_(book)
characterised the first period of colonial expansion, dating back to the protectionism of Spain and Portugal. The growth of trade between the newly independent
British_Empire
Australian politician (born 1983)
is a government plan to limit movement. Pickering is an advocate for protectionism, and opposes remigration and mass deportations. "One Nation names Victorian
Warren_Pickering
Political tendency in the United States
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
Barstool_conservatism
Political party in the United Kingdom from 1931 to 1968
Liberal Party on the issue of abandoning free trade and supporting protectionism, and later co-operated and merged with the Conservative Party. The Liberal
National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)
National_Liberal_Party_(UK,_1931)
Political party in South Korea
"New Right" Japanophobia "Old Right" Moral absolutism Pro-Americanism Protectionism South Korean nationalism Tradition History First Republic Korean War
Reform_Party_(South_Korea)
State-owned investment fund
the EU, for fear it would give rise to a resurgence in international protectionism. In the United States, these concerns are addressed by the Exon–Florio
Sovereign_wealth_fund
Former British political party
The Liberal Unionist Party was a British political party that was formed in 1886 by a faction that broke away from the Liberal Party. Led by Lord Hartington
Liberal_Unionist_Party
Serbian politician (born 1954)
Islamophobia Nationalism Serbian Ultra Neo-fascism Neo-Nazism Populism Protectionism Racism Croat Jews Russophilia Welfare chauvinism White supremacy People
Vojislav_Šešelj
United States tariff to resolve the Nullification Crisis
gradually reduce the rates following Southerners' objections to the protectionism found in the Tariff of 1832 and the 1828 Tariff of Abominations; the
Tariff_of_1833
Cambodian politician (born 1934)
critical of nationalism specifically economic nationalism, populism and protectionism. People's Republic of Kampuchea Also called President of the People's
Heng_Samrin
New Zealand blogger and pollster (born 1967)
Law and order Limited government Loyalism Monarchism Property rights Protectionism Rule of law Tradition History Continuous Ministry Historic conservatism
David_Farrar_(blogger)
Characteristic of self-sufficiency
peace. However, economists who support free trade instead argue that protectionism has a negative effect on economic growth and economic welfare, whereas
Autarky
Political party in Australia
(factions) Limited government Loyalism Monarchism Patriotism Property rights Protectionism (factions) Rule of law Intellectuals Blainey Coleman Donnelly Finnis
One_Nation_New_South_Wales
Goods produced in one country that are sold to another country
industry argument International trade List of countries by exports Protectionism Sales Trade barrier Tariff Non-tariff barriers to trade Joshi, Rakesh
Export
Political and economic ideology
assets. Economic liberals tend to oppose government intervention and protectionism in the market economy when it inhibits free trade and competition, but
Economic_liberalism
Act of the Parliament of England
The Trade with France Act 1688 (1 Will. & Mar. c. 34) was an act of the Parliament of England which prohibited all trade and commerce with France, effective
Trade_with_France_Act_1688
Political faction
(factions) Limited government Loyalism Monarchism Patriotism Property rights Protectionism (factions) Rule of law Intellectuals Blainey Coleman Donnelly Finnis
Centre Right (Liberal Party of Australia)
Centre_Right_(Liberal_Party_of_Australia)
American far-right political activist (born 1998)
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
Nick_Fuentes
Exchange of goods and services
was signed; It includes the United States and the Dominican Republic. Protectionism is the policy of restraining and discouraging trade between states and
Trade
Service sector
some of the most intensive international competition, despite residual protectionism. Service providers face obstacles selling services that goods-sellers
Tertiary_sector
cuts, attempts to repeal the Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), trade protectionism, deregulation focused on the energy and financial sectors, and responses
Economic policy of the first Trump administration
Economic_policy_of_the_first_Trump_administration
Italian entrepreneur and politician
1876, he passed from a free trader to a representative of industrial protectionism. In 1870, Rossi was commissioned by the Council of Industry Trade for
Alessandro Rossi (textile industrialist)
Alessandro_Rossi_(textile_industrialist)
President of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897
emphasized in the Congressional elections that year, and the forces of protectionism increased their numbers in the Congress, but Cleveland continued to
Grover_Cleveland
Political party
Reciprocal Tariff Act of 1934 marked a sharp departure from the era of protectionism in the United States. American duties on foreign products declined from
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
Organization of agricultural exporting countries
of a long domestic debate in which neoliberal ideas had supplanted protectionism and become the guiding rationale of foreign and domestic policy. The
Cairns_Group
US law framed by William McKinley in 1890
competition, as promised in the Republican platform. It represented protectionism, a policy supported by the Republicans and denounced by the Democrats
McKinley_Tariff
American soldier and politician (born 1980)
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
Joe_Kent
Belgian Francophone political party
likened Nicotra's initiative to the MAGA movement with reference to its protectionism and conservatism, while Ici.Radio-Canada.ca described him as espousing
TRUMP_(political_party)
American politician (born 1971)
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
Thomas_Massie
Filipino scientist
Protectionism Association(NEPA) 1961 - First Prize and Certificate of Merit for Philippine made Airplane Propellers - National Economic Protectionism
Gregorio_Y._Zara
British pressure group formed in 1881
was a British pressure group formed in August 1881 to campaign for protectionism. Lord Dunraven was President of the League. The League was dissolved
Fair_Trade_League
Restrictions on using GPS in South Korea
number of international critics argue that it constitutes a form of protectionism and a trade barrier. South Korea remains one of very few countries in
Restrictions on geographic data in South Korea
Restrictions_on_geographic_data_in_South_Korea
Indian politician (born 1969)
before entering active politics through BJP. He was also involved in cow protectionism in his early life. Before the 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly
Keshav_Prasad_Maurya
Ideology supporting political independence of a nation or region
supranational unions. It generally leans instead toward isolationism and protectionism, and can be associated with certain independence movements, but has
Sovereigntism
Right-wing populist, isolationist and protectionist ideology held by business leaders
government, producerist narratives emphasizing economic nationalism and protectionism, laissez-faire capitalism, and isolationism that has shifted between
Business_nationalism
1986 semiconductor agreement
quota on U.S. semiconductor imports and that Japan's market had strong protectionism. Shortly after, there were follow ups with allegations that the Japanese
1986 U.S.–Japan Semiconductor Agreement
1986_U.S.–Japan_Semiconductor_Agreement
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
during the depression. Not all governments enforced the same measures of protectionism. Some countries raised tariffs drastically and enforced severe restrictions
Great_Depression
Latvian populist political party
Dārznieks and Artūrs Klēbahs. The party claims to stand for Latvian protectionism, a popularly elected president and reduction of bureaucracy and states
Alliance_of_Young_Latvians
Method to record government financial activities
policy Balance of trade Free trade Gains from trade Non-tariff barrier Protectionism Tariff Trade bloc Trade creation Trade diversion Trade / commerce ministry
Accrual accounting in the public sector
Accrual_accounting_in_the_public_sector
Purchases by a government body
worldwide every year. To prevent fraud, waste, corruption, or local protectionism, the laws of most countries regulate government procurement to some
Government_procurement
Objection to killing animals perceived as "cute" or otherwise desirable
Concepts Abolitionism Animal exploitation Animal–industrial complex Animal protectionism Carnism Equal consideration of interests Personhood Sentientism Speciesism
Bambi_effect
American political commentator (born 1984)
Militarism Moral absolutism Natural law Ordered liberty Patriotism Protectionism Republicanism Right to bear arms Rule of law Tradition People Presidents
Ben_Shapiro
Speech by Adolf Hitler to the German Parliament
implemented in June 1935 by the Reich Labor Service. Hitler advocates protectionism and rejects a market economy with freely determined market prices. The
23 March 1933 Reichstag speech
23_March_1933_Reichstag_speech
President of the United States from 1909 to 1913
prerogative to approve treaties. At the time of Taft's presidency, protectionism through the use of tariffs was a fundamental position of the Republican
William_Howard_Taft
1958 Philippine economic policy
Filipino First (Tagalog: Pilipino Muna) refers to a protectionist to economic nationalist policy first introduced and implemented by the administration
Filipino_First_policy
Ukrainian vegan animal rights organization
concepts Abolitionism Animal exploitation Animal–industrial complex Animal protectionism Anthropocentrism Argument from marginal cases Carnism Equal consideration
Every_Animal
American publisher and economist (1760–1839)
Party and its southern constituency by offering a defense of economic protectionism. He was the father of economist Henry Charles Carey. Carey was born
Mathew_Carey
Policy against engaging in international relations
internal affairs of sovereign states, associated with trade and economic protectionism and cultural and religious isolation, as well as with the inability
Isolationism
American bioethicist, philosopher and writer
concepts Abolitionism Animal exploitation Animal–industrial complex Animal protectionism Anthropocentrism Argument from marginal cases Carnism Equal consideration
Jessica_Pierce
Orthodoxy Patriotism Philosophical realism Moral realism Private property Protectionism Public morality Rule of law Social hierarchy Social institutions Social
Conservatism_in_France
Financial plan where revenues equal expenses
policy Balance of trade Free trade Gains from trade Non-tariff barrier Protectionism Tariff Trade bloc Trade creation Trade diversion Trade / commerce ministry
Balanced_budget
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
Anti-intellectualism in the United States
Anti-intellectualism_in_the_United_States
Supranational political and economic union
17 July 2018. "Japan-EU trade deal 'light in darkness' amid Trump's protectionism". The Guardian. 17 July 2018. Archived from the original on 2 October
European_Union
Political party
1909 Preceded by Queensland Political Association Succeeded by Liberal Party Ideology Protectionism Liberalism National affiliation Protectionist Party
National_Liberal_Union
Quality of diverse or different cultures
the rights of artists, and by economic factors such as free trade or protectionism in the market for cultural goods. Since the middle of the 20th century
Cultural_diversity
2017. "Mnuchin persuade[d] fellow finance chiefs to drop disavowal of protectionism from G-20 communiqué, but concerns remain about conflicts. ... The U
List_of_G20_summits
British conservative think tank
Nationalism English Northern Irish Patriotism Pro-Europeanism (factions) Protectionism Royalism Social market economy Social stratification Sovereignty State
Policy_Exchange
American conservative political commentator (born 1969)
foreign interventions. Formerly an economic libertarian, he now supports protectionism and restrictions on immigration. Carlson is known for introducing far-right
Tucker_Carlson
Geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period
operation Quantitative easing Commercial Capital control Free trade Protectionism Tariff Models Accelerator AD–AS Arrow–Debreu Endogenous growth General
Compound_annual_growth_rate
American political activist (1993–2025)
conservatism Nativism Neo-nationalism Non-interventionism factions Protectionism factions Unitary executive theory factions History America First McCarthyism
Charlie_Kirk
2025 international summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
"BRICS ministers fail to reach joint statement, Brazil warns against protectionism". Reuters. Retrieved 16 July 2025. Wintour, Patrick (5 July 2025). "Leaders
17th_BRICS_summit
Tendency for consumer prices to be systematically higher in more developed countries
The Balassa–Samuelson effect, also known as Harrod–Balassa–Samuelson effect (Kravis and Lipsey 1983), the Ricardo–Viner–Harrod–Balassa–Samuelson–Penn–Bhagwati
Balassa–Samuelson_effect
Television channel
(factions) Limited government Loyalism Monarchism Patriotism Property rights Protectionism (factions) Rule of law Intellectuals Blainey Coleman Donnelly Finnis
ADH_TV
United States tariff reduction in 1894
Second presidency of Grover Cleveland wanted to move away from the protectionism proposed by the McKinley tariff while Cleveland was still in office
Wilson–Gorman_Tariff_Act
On February 26, 2025, United States President Donald Trump announced his administration's plan to impose a 25% tariff on goods imported from the European
2025 United States proposed tariffs against the European Union
2025_United_States_proposed_tariffs_against_the_European_Union
Harbor in Los Angeles, California
least efficient ports by the World Bank and IHS Markit citing union protectionism and a lack of automation. In 1542, Juan Rodriquez Cabrillo discovered
Port_of_Los_Angeles
Transport within a country by an operator from another country
and there are strict sanctions against it, for reasons of economic protectionism, national security, or public safety. One notable exception is the European
Cabotage
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance