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Theory of categorization in psychology
Prototype theory is a theory of categorization in cognitive science, particularly in psychology and cognitive linguistics, in which there is a graded degree
Prototype_theory
Fundamental unit of cognition
exemplar theory, similarity derives from individual memories of concrete instances rather than a single prototypical summary representation. Theory theory maintains
Concept
Non-language factors that enhance understanding of communication
more or less 'appropriate' in a given context.[citation needed] In the theory of sign phenomena, adapted from that of Charles Sanders Peirce, which forms
Context
1987 non-fiction book by George Lakoff
violence, and certain animals. The book builds on earlier work in prototype theory by psychologist Eleanor Rosch in the 1970s, which showed that people
Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things
Women,_Fire,_and_Dangerous_Things
Mathematical study of the meaning of programming languages
In programming language theory, semantics is the rigorous mathematical logic study of the meaning of programming languages. Semantics assigns computational
Semantics (programming languages)
Semantics_(programming_languages)
Professor of psychology
primarily known for her work on categorization, in particular her prototype theory, which has profoundly influenced the field of cognitive psychology
Eleanor_Rosch
Psychological categorization proposal
Exemplar Theory is often contrasted with prototype theory, which proposes another method of categorization. Recently the adoption of both prototypes and exemplars
Exemplar_theory
Use of computational tools for the study of linguistics
Johan Bos. "Computational semantics." Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science (2003): 27–45. Events of the ACL's Special
Computational_linguistics
Style of object-oriented programming in which inheritance is based on reusing objects
as prototypes.[citation needed] This model can also be known as prototypal, prototype-oriented, classless, or instance-based programming. Prototype-based
Prototype-based_programming
Linguistic theory of creole language innovations
constructions. John McWhorter contributed to the LBH with his Creole Prototype Theory, which argues that creoles exhibit some features that may be used to
Language_bioprogram_theory
Subfield of linguistic semantics
the most studies in lexical semantics, introducing innovations like prototype theory, conceptual metaphors, and frame semantics. Lexical items contain information
Lexical_semantics
Organization of mental concepts
Prevailing theories of category learning include the prototype theory, the exemplar theory, and the decision bound theory. The prototype theory suggests
Cognitive_categorization
Early sample or model built to test a concept or process
A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to test a concept or process. It is a term used in a variety of contexts, including
Prototype
Topics referred to by the same term
simplified pattern in objects searched Prototype theory, a model of graded categorization in cognitive science Prototype drug, a represent of a class of drugs
Prototype_(disambiguation)
Extension of the Web to facilitate data exchange
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_Web
Concept in psychology
It is motivated by notions such as conceptual similarity and prototype theory. The theory also puts forward the notion that natural categories are convex
Conceptual_space
Physical theory with fields invariant under the action of local "gauge" Lie groups
spinor fields of quantum electrodynamics. The Yang–Mills theory became the prototype theory to resolve some of the confusion in elementary particle physics
Gauge_theory
Wiki that implements semantic web
Semantic MediaWiki and Wikibase Andy Dingley (21 January 2001). "Wikiwiki (was Theory: "opportunistic hypertext")". Newsgroup: comp.infosystems.www.authoring
Semantic_wiki
alternative direction of research that contrasts with componential analysis is prototype semantics. The semantic features of a word can be notated using a binary
Semantic_feature
Philosophical theory by Bertrand Russell
The theory of descriptions is the philosopher Bertrand Russell's most significant contribution to the philosophy of language. It is also known as Russell's
Theory_of_descriptions
Category of formal programming language semantics
bisimulation. These are especially useful in the context of concurrency theory. Thanks to its intuitive look and easy-to-follow structure, SOS has gained
Operational_semantics
Scientific study of language
general cognition, drawing on ideas from cognitive science such as prototype theory. Pragmatics focuses on phenomena such as speech acts, implicature,
Linguistics
Philosophical idea popularized by Ludwig Wittgenstein
distinguishing it from the traditional approach known now as "monothetic". Prototype theory is a recent development in cognitive science where this idea has also
Family_resemblance
Conscious subjective experience
who developed or co-developed the PAD theory of environmental impact, circumplex model of affect, prototype theory of emotion concepts, a critique of the
Emotion
Principle in linguistics about meaning
sentence by inferring an implicit event ("reading", "writing", or other prototypical actions performed on a book). The problem for compositionality is that
Principle_of_compositionality
Study of programming languages via mathematical objects
the sense of domain theory, which can be seen as a branch of model theory, leading to connections with type theory and category theory. Within computer science
Denotational_semantics
Topic in the field of cognitive linguistics
language module. Cognitive semantics has introduced innovations like prototype theory, conceptual metaphors, and frame semantics, and it is the linguistic
Cognitive_semantics
Logic for proving computer program correctness
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Axiomatic_semantics
Linguistic school of thought
Linguistics). Examples of approaches within structural semantics are Lexical field theory (1931-1960s), relational semantics (from the 1960s by John Lyons) and componential
Structural_semantics
Science of classifying organisms
organisms based on overall similarity Phenogram Prototype theory – Theory of categorization in psychology Set theory – Branch of mathematics that studies sets
Taxonomy_(biology)
Measure words in Chinese
argument in favor of the prototype theory of classifiers. Gao and Malt propose that both the category and prototype theories are correct: in their conception
Chinese_classifier
Linguistic methodology
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic analysis (linguistics)
Semantic_analysis_(linguistics)
Concept in natural language processing
T. (1997). "A solution to Plato's problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge" (PDF). Psychological
Semantic_similarity
Technique in natural language processing
{d}}_{j}^{T}{\textbf {d}}_{q}={\textbf {d}}_{q}^{T}{\textbf {d}}_{j}} . Now, from the theory of linear algebra, there exists a decomposition of X {\displaystyle X} such
Latent_semantic_analysis
Approach to static program analysis
In computer science, abstract interpretation is a theory of sound approximation of the semantics of computer programs, based on monotonic functions over
Abstract_interpretation
Spoken phrase used to reduce intensity
member. Hedging in category membership is used in reference to the prototype theory, to signify the extent to which items are typical or atypical members
Hedge_(linguistics)
Aspect of information processing
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_query
Natural language processing task
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_parsing
Process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems
based on past cases personally experienced. This view is related to prototype theory, which is most deeply explored in cognitive science. Case-based reasoning
Case-based_reasoning
Branch of logic using category theory to study mathematical structures
is the branch of mathematics in which tools and concepts from category theory are applied to the study of mathematical logic. It is also notable for its
Categorical_logic
Computational application of concept approximation
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic analysis (computational)
Semantic_analysis_(computational)
Technique in computer science
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_matching
Difference between two descriptions of an object by different linguistic representations
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_gap
Physical artifact that formerly defined the kilogram
The International Prototype of the Kilogram (referred to by metrologists as the IPK or Le Grand K; sometimes called the ur-kilogram, or urkilogram, particularly
International Prototype of the Kilogram
International_Prototype_of_the_Kilogram
international prototype metre at the first meeting of the CGPM in 1889. The other bars, duly calibrated against the international prototype, were distributed
History_of_the_metre
Linguistic discipline studying words
OCLC 934368509. Dzharasova, T. T. (2020). English lexicology and lexicography : theory and practice (2 ed.). Almaty: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. pp. 4–5
Lexicology
mathematically rigorous way. Concurrency semantics is often based on mathematical theories of concurrency such as various process calculi, the actor model, or Petri
Concurrency_semantics
Meaning represented by natural language
interest group on computational semantics, SIGSEM. Discourse representation theory Formal semantics (natural language) Minimal recursion semantics Natural-language
Computational_semantics
Philanthropy conception of meaning
involved in meaning. Eleanor Rosch and George Lakoff have advanced a theory of "prototypes" which suggests that many lexical categories, at least on the face
Meaning_(philosophy)
Abstract syntax representing expressions as graphs
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Abstract_semantic_graph
All the words in a language collectively
overflowing with people, flow of traffic. The NOA [clarification needed] theory of lexical acquisition argues that the metaphoric sorting filter helps to
Lexis_(linguistics)
File system prioritizing associative access
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_file_system
Machine learning method for concept approximation
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic analysis (machine learning)
Semantic_analysis_(machine_learning)
Type of memory referring to general world knowledge
the concrete object the word suggests is automatically activated. In the theory of grounded cognition, the meaning of a particular word is grounded in the
Semantic_memory
Computer interface design concept
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
Semantic_desktop
Interdisciplinary scientific study of cognitive processes
biological neural networks. Another precursor was the early development of the theory of computation and the digital computer in the 1940s and 1950s. Kurt Gödel
Cognitive_science
Study of the semantics, or interpretations, of formal and natural languages
is Alfred Tarski's semantic theory of truth, based on his T-schema, and is one of the founding concepts of model theory. This is the most widespread
Semantics_(logic)
Feminist principle
the psychological concept of prototypicality and the development of the prototype theory in the 1970s. "The prototype theory is a model of graded categorizations
Male-as-norm_principle
Procedure in cognitive psychology
word-lists used. This theory has parallels with prototype theory, which claims that the presentation of patterns that match some prototype activates and increases
Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm
Deese–Roediger–McDermott_paradigm
Reformulation of Floyd-Hoare logic
monads. Among them, Hoare Type Theory combines Hoare logic for a Haskell-like language, separation logic and type theory. This system is implemented as
Predicate transformer semantics
Predicate_transformer_semantics
Approach to formal semantics
approach bears conceptual resemblances to ancient Socratic dialogues, medieval theory of Obligationes, and constructive mathematics. Since the 1990s, game semantics
Game_semantics
Linguistic theory
Formal semantics (natural language) Frame language Metaphorical framing Prototype theory Universal Darwinism Fillmore, Charles J., and Collin F. Baker. "Frame
Frame_semantics_(linguistics)
American philosopher and artificial intelligence expert
case of connectionism, as well as versions that apply to both the prototype theory and definitions view of concepts. Testing AI: To determine whether
Susan_Schneider
Mathematical models of strategic interactions
generally taken to represent the utility of individual players. A prototypical paper on game theory in economics begins by presenting a game that is an abstraction
Game_theory
American physiologist (born 1958)
exemplar theory, which was proposed by Robert Nosofsky is different from the prototype theory, proposed by Eleanor Rosch. According to the exemplar theory, the
Robert_Nosofsky
“[f]rom a cognitive perspective, Talmy’s theory is a striking example of a psychologically plausible theory of causation. Its key elements are such concepts
Force_dynamics
Laboratory Based Approach. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Peter D. Mosses (1996) Theory and Practice of Action Semantics. Publication. Aarhus, DK: University of
Action_semantics
Interdisciplinary theory
categories. On the other hand, Lakoff emphasizes that what is important in prototype theory, rather than class or type characteristics, is that the feature of
Embodied_cognition
science, algebraic semantics is a formal approach to programming language theory that uses algebraic methods for defining, specifying, and reasoning about
Algebraic semantics (computer science)
Algebraic_semantics_(computer_science)
Discipline combining linguistics, psychology and cognitive science
embodied experience. Prominent theories in this field include conceptual metaphor theory, conceptual blending and prototype theory. In turn, cognitive approaches
Cognitive_linguistics
Vernacular, as opposed to scientific, naming system
Phylogenetics – Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms Prototype theory – Theory of categorization in psychology Wastebasket taxon – Classification
Folk_taxonomy
View that entities have identifying attributes
approaches, which use prototype theory to establish relationships within data by grouping instances around central prototypes that exhibit the "essence"
Essentialism
American evolutionary psychologist (born 1953)
personality trait), Buss and K. H. Craik (1980) proposed to introduce prototype theory into personality psychology. First, a group of people is asked to list
David_Buss
Stable natural languages that have developed from a pidgin
transparent derivation. In McWhorter's view, less prototypical creoles depart somewhat from this prototype. Along these lines, McWhorter defines Haitian Creole
Creole_language
Subfield of computational linguistics and natural language processing
Hudson. OCLC 1001646. Firth, John R. (1957). "A synopsis of linguistic theory 1930-1955". Studies in Linguistic Analysis. Oxford: Philological Society:
Statistical_semantics
Indian Old Testament Scholar (born 1952)
Context Prototype theory Force dynamics Polysemy Semantic change Semantic feature Semantic field Semantic gap Syntax–semantics interface Theory of descriptions
P._G._George
Form of copy editing
error-free. Flanagan, Suzan (2015). "Intelligent Content Editing: A Prototype Theory for Managing Digital Content". International Journal of Sociotechnology
Content_editing
Lakoff and Gilles Fauconnier. George Lakoff (1987) Cognitive models and prototype theory, published at pp. 63–100 in Ulric Neisser (Ed.) Concepts and Conceptual
Idealized_cognitive_model
Application of quantum theory mathematics to cognitive phenomena
S2CID 3262876. Osherson, D. N.; Smith, E. E. (1981). "On the adequacy of prototype theory as a theory of concepts". Cognition. 9 (1): 35–58. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(81)90013-5
Quantum_cognition
Theory of subatomic structure
exactly equivalent to M-theory. The BFSS matrix model can therefore be used as a prototype for a correct formulation of M-theory and a tool for investigating
String_theory
Psychological and sociological theories
commitment) which correspond to Sternberg's triangular theory of love. An individual's prototype of love limits his or her experience of a relationship
Theories_of_love
Experimental transistor
The tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is an experimental type of transistor. Even though its structure is very similar to a metal–oxide–semiconductor
Tunnel field-effect transistor
Tunnel_field-effect_transistor
Cognitive science theory of pattern recognition
In cognitive science, prototype-matching is a theory of pattern recognition that describes the process by which a sensory unit registers a new stimulus
Prototype-matching
American linguist (born 1941)
sciences) Invariance principle Language and thought Metaphor Metonymy Prototype theory The Neuroscience of Language and Thought, Dr. George Lakoff Professor
George_Lakoff
Psychological concept
conditioning. Calculus of relations Connectionism Family resemblance Prototype theory Perler, Dominik (2015). The Faculties: A History. Oxford: Oxford University
Associationism
Linguistics book
of the definitional-componential approach, through the emergence of prototype theory, to the current investigation of polysemy. In chapter 5, Dor presents
The Instruction of Imagination
The_Instruction_of_Imagination
American psychologist
propose an exemplar model of category learning as an alternative to prototype theory. People were able to learn to classify shapes without the need for
Douglas_Medin
1896 book by George Santayana
explanations have much in common with the later developed psychological Prototype theory. His account for a bias towards emphasizing and literally enlarging
The_Sense_of_Beauty
Branch of anthropology
"Classifiers as a reflection of mind: a cognitive model approach to prototype theory." Cognitive Science Program, Institute of Human Learning, University
Cognitive_anthropology
Conspiracy theory about contrails
The chemtrail conspiracy theory /ˈkɛmtreɪl/ is the erroneous belief that long-lasting condensation trails left in the sky by high-flying aircraft are actually
Chemtrail_conspiracy_theory
Template for electronic filter design
Prototype filters are electronic filter designs that are used as a template to produce a modified filter design for a particular application. They are
Prototype_filter
American Christian theologian
arrive at conflicting theological positions. The book also emphasizes prototype theory, which says humans often define things in terms of a "best example"
John_E._Sanders
Framework of superstring theory
M-theory is a theory that unifies all consistent versions of superstring theory. Edward Witten first conjectured the existence of such a theory at a
M-theory
Opposing approaches to categorisation
in general usage. Evolutionary biology Heterarchy No true Scotsman Prototype theory Sorites paradox Deletionism and inclusionism in Wikipedia Darwin, Charles
Lumpers_and_splitters
The Transparent Prototype is a project in the automotive industry to track and trace test vehicles and prototype parts using radio frequency identification
Transparent_Prototype
Tendency to perceive connections between unrelated things
template matching, except for the fact that prototypes are complete representations of a stimulus. The prototype need not be something that has been previously
Apophenia
Chinese stealth multirole fighter aircraft
the FC-31 Gyrfalcon (Chinese: 鹘鹰; pinyin: Hú yīng), a stealth aircraft prototype that served as a demonstrator aiming to secure potential export customers
Shenyang_J-35
General theory of mathematical structures
Category theory is a general theory of mathematical structures and their relations. It was introduced by Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders Mac Lane in the
Category_theory
Small set of grammatically distinctive verbs of English
scope of this article. Later in the book, Warner makes an appeal to prototype theory. Pullum credits unpublished insights of Paul Postal and Richard Hudson
English_auxiliary_verbs
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
best known for developing the known theory of relativity. Einstein also made important contributions to quantum theory. His mass–energy equivalence formula
Albert_Einstein
PROTOTYPE THEORY
PROTOTYPE THEORY
Boy/Male
Greek
Immortal. 5th-century British military leader Ambrosius Aurelianus was probably a prototype for...
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. It may be a variant of a medieval name, Preville, a habitational name from a Norman place named with the elements pré ‘meadow’ + ville ‘settlement’. However, this theory is not supported by evidence of early forms.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : according to Reaney this is a nickname from an unattested Old English word cybbe meaning ‘clumsy’ or ‘thickset’. Reaney’s speculation is apparently based on taking the Middle English word kibble ‘cudgel’ as a diminutive of an unattested Old English word. Corresponding personal names have been postulated for the place names Kibworth (‘enclosure of a man called Cybba’) and Kibblesworth (‘enclosure of a man called Cybbel’); so, in theory, the surname could be a reflex of these Old English personal names.North German : nickname for a cantankerous person, from Middle Low German, Middle High German kiven ‘to quarrel’.
Girl/Female
Greek French
Immortal. 5th-century British military leader Ambrosius Aurelianus was probably a prototype for...
Girl/Female
Greek
Immortal. 5th-century British military leader Ambrosius Aurelianus was probably a prototype for...
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a short form of the personal names Giles, Julian, or William. In theory the name would have a soft initial when derived from the first two of these, and a hard one when from William or from the other possibilities discussed in 2–4 below. However, there has been much confusion over the centuries.Northern English : topographic name for someone who lived by a ravine or deep glen, Middle English gil(l), Old Norse gil ‘ravine’.Scottish and Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Gille (Scottish), Mac Giolla (Irish), patronymics from an occupational name for a servant or a short form of the various personal names formed by attaching this element to the name of a saint. See McGill. The Old Norse personal name Gilli is probably of this origin, and may lie behind some examples of the name in northern England.Scottish and Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac An Ghoill (see Gall 1).Norwegian : habitational name from any of three farmsteads in western Norway named Gil, from Old Norse gil ‘ravine’.Dutch : cognate of Giles.Jewish (Israeli) : ornamental name from Hebrew gil ‘joy’.German : from a vernacular short form of the medieval personal name Aegidius (see Gilger).Indian (Panjab) : Sikh name, probably from Panjabi gil ‘moisture’, also meaning ‘prosperity’. There is a Jat tribe that bears this name; the Ramgarhia Sikhs also have a clan called Gill.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : topographic name for someone who lived by a patch of wet ground overgrown with brushwood, northern Middle English kerr (Old Norse kjarr). A legend grew up that the Kerrs were left-handed, on theory that the name is derived from Gaelic cearr ‘wrong-handed’, ‘left-handed’.Irish : see Carr.This surname has also absorbed examples of German Kehr.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and Irish (of Norman origin)
English, Scottish, and Irish (of Norman origin) : of disputed origin. It may be from a Celtic personal name derived from the element cam ‘bent’, ‘crooked’ (compare Cameron and Campbell). This was relatively frequent in Norfolk, Lincolnshire, and Yorkshire in the 12th and 13th centuries, perhaps as a result of Breton immigration. According to another theory it is a habitational name from Comines near Lille, but there is no evidence for this (no early forms with de have been found). In southern Ireland this Anglo-Norman name has been confused with 2.Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac CuimÃn (or Ó CuimÃn) ‘son (or ‘descendant’) of CuimÃn’, a personal name formed from a diminutive of cam ‘crooked’.Americanized form of French Canadian Vien, Viens, based on the misconception that these derive from French venire ‘to come’.
Female
Welsh
Welsh Arthurian legend name of the daughter of Avallach, mother of Mabon, and probably the prototype of Morgan le Fay, MODRON means "divine mother."
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly Gloucestershire), Dutch, and German (also Türk)
English (mainly Gloucestershire), Dutch, and German (also Türk) : from Middle English, Old French turc, Middle High and Low German Turc ‘Turk’, from Turkish türk. In theory this could be an ethnic name but, both in England and northwest Europe, it is generally a nickname for a person with black hair and a swarthy complexion or a cruel, rowdy, or unruly person. The Dutch and German surname also represents a house name, derived from the use of a picture of a Turk as a house sign. It is also found as a nickname for someone who had taken part in the wars against the Turks.English : from a medieval personal name, a back-formation from Turkel, misanalyzed as containing the Old French diminutive suffix -el.Scottish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Tuirc, a patronymic from the byname Torc ‘boar’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ethnic name denoting someone from Turkey or anywhere in the Ottoman Empire, or a nickname for someone thought to resemble a Turk.Americanized form of the Greek ethnic name Tourkos ‘Turk’. See also Turco.
PROTOTYPE THEORY
PROTOTYPE THEORY
Girl/Female
Muslim
Woman. Lady.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Vayu putra which means Lord Hanuman
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Steward
Male
Greek
(ΛάζαÏος) Greek form of Hebrew Elazar, LAZAROS means "my God has helped." In the New Testament bible, this is the name of many characters, including a man Jesus raised from the dead.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Jain
Nature; Tamper
Male
Scottish
Variant spelling of Scottish Lennox, LENOX means "place of elms."Â
Boy/Male
Indian, Malayalam
Beautiful
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Divinely Brilliant
Girl/Female
Indian
A Young Lioness
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Budden.Possibly an altered spelling of or German Budden.
PROTOTYPE THEORY
PROTOTYPE THEORY
PROTOTYPE THEORY
PROTOTYPE THEORY
PROTOTYPE THEORY
n.
A combining form signifying impressed form; stamp; print; type; typical form; representative; as in stereotype phototype, ferrotype, monotype.
a.
Of or pertaining to a phototype or phototypy.
a.
Of or pertaining to volcanoes; specifically, relating to the geological theory of the Vulcanists, or Plutonists.
a.
Pertaining to, or involving, vitalism, or the theory of a special vital principle.
n.
A believer in the theory of vitalism; -- opposed to physicist.
n.
A kind of autotype.
n.
A protopope.
n.
The philosophical explanation of phenomena, either physical or moral; as, Lavoisier's theory of combustion; Adam Smith's theory of moral sentiments.
n.
A small square shield, formerly worn on the shoulders of knights, -- being the prototype of the modern epaulet.
n.
A plate or block with a printing surface (usually in relief) obtained from a photograph; also, any one of the many methods of processes by which such a printing surface is obtained.
a.
Being of the same kind as another that has preceded; another, like a protype; as, a second Cato; a second Troy; a second deluge.
n.
A supposed collection of particles of very subtile matter, endowed with a rapid rotary motion around an axis which was also the axis of a sun or a planet. Descartes attempted to account for the formation of the universe, and the movements of the bodies composing it, by a theory of vortices.
n.
An original or model after which anything is copied; the pattern of anything to be engraved, or otherwise copied, cast, or the like; a primary form; exemplar; archetype.
n.
An exposition of the general or abstract principles of any science; as, the theory of music.
n.
The science, as distinguished from the art; as, the theory and practice of medicine.
n.
One of the clergy of first rank in the lower order of secular clergy; an archpriest; -- called also protopapas.
n.
The art or process of producing phototypes.
n.
Same as Phototypy.