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Process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems
Case-based reasoning (CBR), broadly construed, is the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems. In everyday life
Case-based_reasoning
Type of software system
deduction and induction. Reasoning systems play an important role in the implementation of artificial intelligence and knowledge-based systems. By the everyday
Reasoning_system
Inference method used in AI expert systems
In artificial intelligence, model-based reasoning refers to an inference method used in expert systems based on a model of the physical world. With this
Model-based_reasoning
Textual case-based reasoning (TCBR) is a subtopic of case-based reasoning, in short CBR, a popular area in artificial intelligence. CBR suggests the ways
Textual_case-based_reasoning
Subfield of computer science and logic
representation and reasoning and metalogic, the area of automated reasoning is dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning. The study of automated
Automated_reasoning
Process of drawing correct inferences
propositions, i.e. true or false claims about what is the case. Together, they form an argument. Logical reasoning is norm-governed in the sense that it aims to formulate
Logical_reasoning
Form of reasoning
theory – Academic field of logic and rhetoric Case-based reasoning – Process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems Correlation
Deductive_reasoning
Computer program that uses a knowledge base and reasoning to solve problems
knowledge-based systems have two defining components: an attempt to represent knowledge explicitly, called a knowledge base, and a reasoning system that
Knowledge-based_systems
Methods in artificial intelligence research
introduced case-based reasoning (CBR). The CBR approach outlined in his book, Dynamic Memory, focuses first on remembering key problem-solving cases for future
Symbolic artificial intelligence
Symbolic_artificial_intelligence
Information science by discipline
reasoning; models of social organization based on norms have contributed to multi-agent systems; reasoning with legal cases has contributed to case-based
Legal_informatics
Field of artificial intelligence
formally represent it as knowledge in knowledge-based systems whereas knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR, KR&R, or KR²) also aims to understand,
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning
Information repository with multiple applications
knowledge-based system consists of a knowledge-base representing facts about the world and ways of reasoning about those facts to deduce new facts or highlight
Knowledge_base
American scientist (1946–2023)
natural language understanding) and case-based reasoning, both of which challenged cognitivist views of memory and reasoning. He began his career teaching at
Roger_Schank
German mathematician (1938–2020)
knowledge-based systems and case-based reasoning (CBR, Fallbasiertes Schließen). He is worldwide known as pioneer in case-based reasoning. Richter was
Michael_M._Richter
Irish scientist (born 1961)
Eisenstadt and Tim Rajan), Advances in Case-Based Reasoning (1995, with J-P Haton and Michel Manago)., Case-Based Reasoning: Research & Development (2022, with
Mark Keane (cognitive scientist)
Mark_Keane_(cognitive_scientist)
Branch of artificial intelligence aiming to create AI systems with "common sense"
In artificial intelligence (AI), commonsense reasoning is a human-like ability to make presumptions about the type and essence of ordinary situations
Commonsense_reasoning
American cognitive scientist
Kolodner, J. L. (1993). Case-Based Reasoning. Morgan-Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San Mateo, CA. Kolodner, J.L. (Ed.), (1993). Case-Based Learning. Kluwer Academic
Janet_L._Kolodner
Type of knowledge base
In knowledge representation and reasoning, a knowledge graph is a knowledge base that uses a graph-structured data model or topology to represent and operate
Knowledge_graph
Method of logical reasoning
Inductive reasoning refers to a variety of methods of reasoning in which the conclusion of an argument is supported not with deductive certainty, but
Inductive_reasoning
Reasoning by extrapolation
process of reasoning for resolving an ethical dilemma (moral problem) either by extracting or by extending abstract rules from a particular case of conscience
Casuistry
Tharam; Shiu, Simon (2001). "A Tutorial on Case-Based Reasoning" (PDF). in Soft Computing in Case Based Reasoning (4th ed.). London: (Ltd). Retrieved 26 October
Legal_expert_system
American computer scientist
her later research in artificial intelligence included work on case-based reasoning and the applications of AI in legal work. She is a professor emerita
Edwina_Rissland
Decision-making framework for artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence, a procedural reasoning system (PRS) is a framework for constructing real-time reasoning systems that can perform complex tasks
Procedural_reasoning_system
Language models designed for reasoning tasks
A reasoning model, also known as a reasoning language model (RLM) or large reasoning model (LRM), is a type of large language model (LLM) that has been
Reasoning_model
Form of problem solving, often applied to repair failed products or processes
information and ideas. A symptomatic strategy (also known as case-based reasoning, or shallow reasoning) requires à priori domain knowledge that is gleaned from
Troubleshooting
Method of forming inferences
resolution. Both rules are based on the modus ponens inference rule. It is one of the two most commonly used methods of reasoning with inference rules and
Backward_chaining
Knowledge base to enhance search results
The Knowledge Graph is a knowledge base from which Google serves relevant information in an infobox beside its search results. This allows the user to
Knowledge_Graph_(Google)
Use of pre-translated texts as linguistic corpuses in computing
main knowledge base at run-time. It is essentially a translation by analogy and can be viewed as an implementation of a case-based reasoning approach to
Example-based machine translation
Example-based_machine_translation
Inference engine in an expert system
Forward chaining (or forward reasoning) is one of the two main methods of reasoning when using an inference engine and can be described logically as repeated
Forward_chaining
that models reasoning with cases and hypotheticals in the legal domain. It is the first of its kind and the most sophisticated of the case-based legal reasoners
HYPO_CBR
Indian-American computer scientist (born 1960)
educational technologies. Topics included knowledge-based machine learning, case-based reasoning, cognitive modeling, and natural language processing
Ashwin_Ram
Curated list of video or audio files
similarity, etc. Since, many other techniques were proposed, such as case-based reasoning. A CD player that holds multiple CDs with a programmable grid mapper
Playlist
Methods for developing expert systems
Knowledge level modeling Knowledge management Knowledge representation and reasoning Knowledge retrieval Knowledge tagging Method engineering Feigenbaum, Edward;
Knowledge_engineering
Health information technology
Another example of a CDSS would be a case-based reasoning (CBR) system. A CBR system might use previous case data to help determine the appropriate
Clinical decision support system
Clinical_decision_support_system
Computer system emulating human expert
inspectable simulation-based training system". AI Magazine. Stanley, G.M. (July 15–17, 1991). "Experience Using Knowledge-Based Reasoning in Real Time Process
Expert_system
Facts assumed to be known to all humans
1959 by John McCarthy. Commonsense knowledge can underpin a commonsense reasoning process, to attempt inferences such as "You might bake a cake because
Commonsense knowledge (artificial intelligence)
Commonsense_knowledge_(artificial_intelligence)
Component of artificial intelligence systems
knowledge base and an inference engine. The knowledge base stored facts about the world. The inference engine applied logical rules to the knowledge base and
Inference_engine
Artificial intelligence project
answers from a knowledge base. The Cyc inference engine performs general logical deduction. It also performs inductive reasoning, statistical machine learning[citation
Cyc
Intelligence of machines
automation – Automation of business processes Case-based reasoning – Process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems Computational
Artificial_intelligence
Conversational software
simulating Cyrus Vance (57th United States Secretary of State). It used case-based reasoning, and updated its database daily by parsing wire news from United
Chatbot
industry. The system involves integrating intelligence modules based on case-based reasoning, multi-agent systems, fuzzy logic, and artificial neural networks
Intelligent decision support system
Intelligent_decision_support_system
Overview of and topical guide to thought
information Spatial–temporal reasoning Textual case based reasoning Computer program (recorded machine thought instructions) Human-based computation Organizational
Outline_of_thought
Reasoning that is rationally compelling, though not deductively valid
In philosophy of logic, defeasible reasoning is a kind of provisional reasoning that is rationally compelling, though not deductively valid. It usually
Defeasible_reasoning
Position in ethical theory and moral theology
that should prevail. The doctrine is a special branch of casuistry (case-based reasoning) developed in the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. While associated
Mental_reservation
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
Averaged one-dependence estimators (AODE) Artificial neural network Case-based reasoning Gaussian process regression Gene expression programming Group method
Outline_of_machine_learning
United States obscenity law expression
Abductive reasoning – Inference seeking the simplest and most likely explanation Case-based reasoning – Process of solving new problems based on the solutions
I_know_it_when_I_see_it
Field in computer-aided design
Knowledge-based engineering (KBE) is the application of knowledge-based systems technology to the domain of design of manufacturing systems. The design
Knowledge-based_engineering
Processing personal/social information
Motivated reasoning is a mental process through which individuals access, construct, and evaluate their beliefs in response to new information or experiences
Motivated_reasoning
Artificial intelligence project
project based at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab whose goal is to build and utilize a large commonsense knowledge base from the
Open_Mind_Common_Sense
Applications of logic under uncertainty
or the opinion of experts, even when they are less probable), the case-based reasoning of casuistry, and the scandal of Laxism (whereby probabilism was
Probabilistic_logic
Writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway
something really true and sometimes truer than true. Abductive reasoning Case-based reasoning Casuistry Concision For sale: baby shoes, never worn Gonzo journalism
Iceberg_theory
Set of distinct concepts or thought patterns
displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Case-based reasoning – Process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems Cognitive
Paradigm
Algorithm that selects actions for intelligent agents
Behavioral modeling language Case-based reasoning, solving new problems based on solutions of past problems Model-based reasoning Synthetic intelligence Weak
Behavior_selection_algorithm
Form of figurative language
school. Argumentum a contrario Argumentum a fortiori Case-based reasoning Casuistry Commonsense reasoning Conceptual blending Duck test False analogy Hypocatastasis
Analogy
Form of argument to test if an act is lawful
equivalent to an “interpretational decision.” Syllogism Case-based reasoning Deductive reasoning Type of syllogism (disjunctive, hypothetical, legal, poly-
Legal_syllogism
Formal language used to construct ontologies
allow the encoding of knowledge about specific domains and often include reasoning rules that support the processing of that knowledge. Ontology languages
Ontology_language
Process used to define the rules and ontologies required for a knowledge-based system
been used to automate highly data intensive tasks but not for complex reasoning. Technologies such as inference engines allowed developers for the first
Knowledge_acquisition
Capacity for consciously making sense of things
form of inductive reasoning from a particular to a particular. It is often used in case-based reasoning, especially legal reasoning. An example follows:
Reason
American computer scientist (1943–2012)
areas of artificial intelligence, including constraint satisfaction, case-based reasoning and the application of massively parallel computation to AI problems
David_Waltz
Study of how people reason
The psychology of reasoning (also known as the cognitive science of reasoning) is the study of how people reason, often broadly defined as the process
Psychology_of_reasoning
Process in software development
building approaches have been evaluated, such as approaches founded on case-based reasoning, classification and regression trees, simulation, neural networks
Software development effort estimation
Software_development_effort_estimation
Type of statistical inference
is reasoning from observed, specific (training) cases to specific (test) cases. In contrast, induction is reasoning from observed training cases to general
Transduction (machine learning)
Transduction_(machine_learning)
Subtopic of natural language processing in artificial intelligence
Intelligence corp. ACM SIGART Bulletin, issue 79, January 1982 [3] Inside case-based reasoning by Christopher K. Riesbeck, Roger C. Schank 1989 ISBN 0-89859-767-6
Natural language understanding
Natural_language_understanding
Period of reduced funding and interest in AI research
downsize and search for new markets and software paradigms, like case-based reasoning or universal database access. The maturation of Common Lisp saved
AI_winter
Topics referred to by the same term
of cell membrane receptor Carbonyl reductase genes: CBR1 and CBR3 Case-based reasoning, an artificial intelligence technique Central benzodiazepine receptor
CBR
Machine learning paradigm
network Backpropagation Boosting (meta-algorithm) Bayesian statistics Case-based reasoning Decision tree learning Inductive logic programming Gaussian process
Supervised_learning
Law created by judicial precedent
conventions of precedent. The form of reasoning used in common law is known as casuistry or case-based reasoning.[citation needed] Oliver Wendell Holmes
Common_law
Practice of the law courts
In law, to distinguish a case means a court decides whether the holding or legal reasoning of a precedent case will not apply due to materially different
Distinguishing
Swiss computer scientist
with Artificial Intelligence systems, starting with work on using case-based reasoning for intelligent Computer-aided design. After completing her Ph.D
Pearl_Pu
U.S. military system used for planning
software systems: ForMAT (Force Management and Analysis Tool) – a case-based reasoning (CBR) force deployment planning tool that uses past experience (past
JADE_(planning_system)
1978 crime in New Delhi, India
Dial 100 aired two episodes on Sony TV based on the story, 723 and 724 on 28 February 2018 and 1 March 2018. The case was also shown on the TV series Bhanwar
Geeta and Sanjay Chopra kidnapping case
Geeta_and_Sanjay_Chopra_kidnapping_case
Approach to handling inferred information
Press. Mason, C. and Johnson, R. DATMS: A Framework for Assumption Based Reasoning, in Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 2, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
Reason_maintenance
Inference seeking the simplest and most likely explanation
Abductive reasoning (also called abduction, abductive inference, or retroduction) is a form of logical inference that seeks the simplest and most likely
Abductive_reasoning
Method of identifying the fundamental causes of faults or problems
graph-theory-based data mining). Another consists in comparing the situation under investigation with past situations stored in case libraries, using case-based reasoning
Root-cause_analysis
Practical application of moral considerations
to overcome the divide between consequentialism and deontology is case-based reasoning, also known as casuistry. Casuistry does not begin with theory, rather
Applied_ethics
Tool for building expert systems
up, the (reset) command causes CLIPS to read the facts and rules. In this case, that would lead to the three "trouble_shooting" facts being asserted. Then
CLIPS
Method in artificial intelligence
reasoning". Artificial Intelligence. 93 (1): 63–101. doi:10.1016/S0004-3702(97)00015-5. Toni, Francesca (2014-01-02). "A tutorial on assumption-based
Argumentation_framework
American computer scientist (1953–2020)
method for case-based reasoning (CBR) to re-use, modify and compose past successful plans for increasingly complex problems and knowledge-based interlingual
Jaime_Carbonell
International standard for safety-related systems
2021-02-23. Hadj-Mabrouk, Habib (1 November 2020). "Application of Case-Based Reasoning to the safety assessment of critical software used in rail transport"
IEC_61508
Table specifying actions based on conditions
find the correct actions based on specific input values. Decision trees Case based reasoning Cause–effect graph Dominance-based rough set approach DRAKON
Decision_table
Ontology language
defeasible reasoning. Ergo is a commercial system based on F-logic, which extends Flora-2. PathLP is a full logic programming language based on F-logic
F-logic
Artificial intelligence data structure
representation and reasoning schemes. They were originally derived from semantic networks and are therefore part of structure-based knowledge representations
Frame (artificial intelligence)
Frame_(artificial_intelligence)
A fallacy is an error in reasoning that undermines an argument's support for its conclusion. In academic usage, the term usually applies to arguments
List_of_fallacies
American computer scientist (1946–2020)
agent-based technology for interoperability in military architectures. Simpson is recognized for his early contributions to Case-based reasoning (CBR)
Robert_L._Simpson_Jr.
Psychological theory
influential in later knowledge representation techniques, such as case-based reasoning. Scripts can be inflexible. To deal with inflexibility, smaller modules
Script_theory
Type of artificial intelligence approach
is an artificial intelligence approach based on the blackboard architectural model, where a common knowledge base, the "blackboard", is iteratively updated
Blackboard_system
Ontology language
concept names in Cyc are known as constants. Constants start with "#$" and are case-sensitive. There are constants for: Individual items known as individuals
CycL
Brachman (1985). "A Fundamental Tradeoff in Knowledge Representation and Reasoning". In Ronald Brachman and Hector J. Levesque (ed.). Reading in Knowledge
Deductive_classifier
Controlled language
Controlled English Meets the Challenges of Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, Interoperability and User Interfaces" (PDF). FLAIRS 2006. "Attempto News"
Attempto_Controlled_English
Technology capable of matching a face from an image against a database of faces
Approach to dimensionality reduction Pattern recognition, analogy and case-based reasoning Retinal scan – Biometric method for identity verification SenseTime –
Facial_recognition_system
Greek-American computer scientist
of Technology. Sycara is a pioneer in the field of semantic web, case-based reasoning, autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. She has authored or co-authored
Katia_Sycara
Subfield of machine learning
metadata to improve automatic learning are learning classifier systems, case-based reasoning and constraint satisfaction. Some initial, theoretical work has been
Meta-learning (computer science)
Meta-learning_(computer_science)
American technology company
that built case-based reasoning systems for decision support and customer service. In May 2001, eGain acquired Nitman Software, a Pune-based software development
EGain
Strategy video game sub-genre
(September 7, 2005). Muñoz-Ávila, HéCtor; Ricci, Francesco (eds.). Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol
Real-time_strategy_game
Logical reasoning method
special pleading. Philosophy portal Case-based reasoning Casuistry Conversation theory § Analogy Defeasible reasoning Jurisprudence Problem of induction
Argument_from_analogy
Supervised machine learning techniques
models for structured prediction include inductive logic programming, case-based reasoning, structured SVMs, Markov logic networks, Probabilistic Soft Logic
Structured_prediction
Interplay between observation, experiment, and theory in science
through inductive reasoning, testing it through experiments and statistical analysis, and adjusting or discarding the hypothesis based on the results. Although
Scientific_method
Application of natural systems to technology
mechanisms from natural organisms and ecologies is a form of applied case-based reasoning, treating nature itself as a database of solutions that already work
Bionics
Analysis of facts to form a judgment
ownership of the process must be taken for successful questioning and reasoning. Critical thinking presupposes a rigorous commitment to overcoming egocentrism
Critical_thinking
Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models". arxiv.org. Retrieved 10 June 2026. "Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language
Timeline of artificial intelligence
Timeline_of_artificial_intelligence
CASE BASED-REASONING
CASE BASED-REASONING
Girl/Female
Indian
Earth, Base
Girl/Female
Tamil
Earth, Base
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Kate, CATE means "pure."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Base
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, Irish
Rope-maker; A Cape
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Anglo-Norman French cas(s)e ‘case’, ‘container’ (from Latin capsa), hence a metonymic occupational name for a maker of boxes or chests.Americanized spelling of French Caisse.Americanized spelling of Kaas.Americanized spelling of German Käse, a metonymic occupational name for a maker or seller of cheese. Compare Kaeser.
Girl/Female
Indian
Earth, Base
Male
English
Middle English surname (of Norman French origin) transferred to forename use, CHASE means "hunter."Â
Boy/Male
Tamil
Earth, Base
Male
English
Short form of English Caleb, CALE means "dog" or "rabid."
Girl/Female
Indian
Earth, Base
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Dutch, English, French, Irish
Bringer of Peace; Box
Girl/Female
Tamil
Bhoomika | பூமிகாÂ
Earth, Base
Bhoomika | பூமிகாÂ
Boy/Male
Irish English
Observant; alert; vigorous.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Earth, Base
Female
English
English short form of Latin Cassandra, CASS means "she who entangles men."Â
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Kast.English (Essex, Kent)
Americanized spelling of German Kast.English (Essex, Kent) : possibly a nickname from Norman caste ‘chaste’, ‘virtuous’ (from Old French chaste).Possibly an altered spelling of French Caste, cognate with 2.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Earth, Base
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Cassie, CASEY means "she who entangles men." Compare with masculine Casey.Â
Boy/Male
Indian
Base
CASE BASED-REASONING
CASE BASED-REASONING
Boy/Male
Australian, German, Indian, Punjabi, Scandinavian, Sikh
Warrior
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Greek Theodoros, TIVADAR means "gift of God."
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord Shiva
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Rajasthani, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Most Beautiful
Girl/Female
Hindu
Viewer, Beholding, Viewing
Boy/Male
Tamil
Shine
Boy/Male
Australian, Finnish
Happiness; Luck
Boy/Male
English
Peddler; merchant.
Girl/Female
Finnish, German, Swedish
Universal; Complete
Boy/Male
Bengali, Celebrity, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Telugu
Honey; Nectar
CASE BASED-REASONING
CASE BASED-REASONING
CASE BASED-REASONING
CASE BASED-REASONING
CASE BASED-REASONING
n.
The number from which a mathematical table is constructed; as, the base of a system of logarithms.
n.
Same as Prison base.
a.
Not held by honorable service; as, a base estate, one held by services not honorable; held by villenage. Such a tenure is called base, or low, and the tenant, a base tenant.
a.
Of little, or less than the usual, height; of low growth; as, base shrubs.
n.
To put on a base or basis; to lay the foundation of; to found, as an argument or conclusion; -- used with on or upon.
a.
To abase; to let, or cast, down; to lower.
n.
A box, sheath, or covering; as, a case for holding goods; a case for spectacles; the case of a watch; the case (capsule) of a cartridge; a case (cover) for a book.
a.
Alloyed with inferior metal; debased; as, base coin; base bullion.
a.
Having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad-based.
n.
Wearing, or protected by, bases.
a.
Deep or grave in sound; as, the base tone of a violin.
n.
The lowest member of a base when divided horizontally, or of a baseboard, pedestal, or the like.
imp. & p. p.
of Base
n.
A low, or deep, sound. (Mus.) (a) The lowest part; the deepest male voice. (b) One who sings, or the instrument which plays, base.
n.
The bottom of anything, considered as its support, or that on which something rests for support; the foundation; as, the base of a statue.
a.
Cased or covered with iron, as a vessel; ironclad.
n.
A rustic play; -- called also prisoner's base, prison base, or bars.
imp. & p. p.
of Case
n.
An inclosing frame; a casing; as, a door case; a window case.
a.
Morally low. Hence: Low-minded; unworthy; without dignity of sentiment; ignoble; mean; illiberal; menial; as, a base fellow; base motives; base occupations.