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Forced return of refugees and immigrants
In migration, pushback is "a set of state measures by which refugees and migrants are forced back over a border – generally immediately after they crossed
Pushback_(migration)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up pushback in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Pushback may refer to: Pushback (aviation), a vehicle for towing airplanes Pushback (migration), any
Pushback
Movement of people for their benefit
another (external migration), but internal migration (within a single country) is the dominant form of human migration globally. Migration is often associated
Human_migration
Pushback of migrants and refugees
pushbacks also entail the risk that the small boats could be run over by larger vessels unaware of their presence. After the 2016 EU–Turkey migration
Pushbacks_by_Greece
This is a list of countries and territories by net migration rate, the difference between the number of people entering and leaving a country during the
List of countries by net migration rate
List_of_countries_by_net_migration_rate
Theory of human migration
In demography, replacement migration is a theory of migration needed for a region to achieve a particular objective (demographic, economic or social).
Replacement_migration
Difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants divided by population
The net migration rate is the difference between the number of immigrants (people coming into an area) and the number of emigrants (people leaving an
Net_migration_rate
Return to country of citizenship
Return migration, or remigration in the broad sense of that word, is the migration of people back to their country of citizenship, origin, or ancestry
Return_migration
Large-scale migration of people
Mass migration refers to the migration of large groups of people from one geographical area to another. Mass migration is distinguished from individual
Mass_migration
Return of a thing or person to their country
Redpath-Cross (eds.), Glossary on Migration, Second Edition, International Organisation for Migration, International Migration Law, No. 25, Geneva, 2011. Universal
Repatriation
Coerced movement of a person or persons away from their home or home region
Forced displacement (also forced migration or forced relocation) is an involuntary or coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home
Forced_displacement
View that people may live in any country
Free migration or open immigration is the position that people should be able to migrate to whatever country they choose with few restrictions. Through
Free_migration
underprivileged natives. Studies suggest that the elimination of barriers to migration would have profound effects on world GDP, with estimates of gains ranging
Economic effects of immigration
Economic_effects_of_immigration
Movement of people into another country or region to which they are not native
destination country do not fall under the definition of immigration or migration—though an individual could overstay a travel visa and become an immigrant
Immigration
Efforts by countries to prevent migrants reaching their borders
leading to a relaxation on Mexico's control of irregular transits. Pushback (migration) Detention centres in Libya Protests at UNHCR humanitarian center
Externalization_(migration)
Process of human migration
Chain migration is the social process by which immigrants from a particular area follow others from that area to a particular destination. The destination
Chain_migration
Refers to perceived or actual relationships between crime and immigration
of the factors contributing to these trends include imprisonment for migration-related offenses and systemic bias in policing and judicial processes
Immigration_and_crime
Topics referred to by the same term
Bishop Pullback, an opening in the game of shogi The opposite of a pushback (migration) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title
Pull_back_(disambiguation)
Generational status of immigrants and their descendants
and Second Generations in the United States" (PDF). The International Migration Review. 38 (3): 1160–1205. doi:10.1111/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00232.x. JSTOR 27645429
Immigrant_generations
Entry into a country without any legal right
Illegal immigration is the migration of people into a country in violation of that country's immigration laws, including unauthorized entry or continued
Illegal_immigration
India–Bangladesh border protests
parts of the border amid disputes concerning alleged cross-border pushbacks and migration-related tensions. Residents of Lyngkhong village expressed concern
2026 Meghalaya border fencing protests
2026_Meghalaya_border_fencing_protests
Moving refugees to cause political issues
Weaponized migration, or refugees as weapons, is a term used to describe a hostile government organizing, or threatening to organize, a sudden influx
Weaponized_migration
Emigration of well-trained individuals
mixed. Research also suggests that emigration, remittances and return migration can have a positive effect on democratization and on the quality of political
Human_capital_flight
University Press, Melbourne, Victoria, pp. 40–66 Tanya Birrell (1978), 'Migration and the Dilemmas of Multiculturalism,' in Robert Birrell and Colin Hay
Criticism_of_multiculturalism
1975 Singaporean effort against South Vietnamese refugees
number of weapons were also confiscated from the refugee boats. Pushback (migration) "Operation Thunderstorm (1975)". www.mindef.gov.sg. Archived from
Operation_Thunderstorm
Principle of international asylum law
Operation Sovereign Borders. In 2014, the Australian Parliament passed the Migration and Maritime Powers Legislation Amendment (Resolving the Asylum Legacy
Non-refoulement
Child with birthright citizenship who helps relatives immigrate
remain Migration diplomacy Net migration rate list New Pact on Migration and Asylum EU Non-refoulement Permanent residency Population transfer Pushback Refugee
Anchor_baby
Expulsion of a person or group from a place or country
with International Organization for Migration, treats expulsion and deportation as synonyms in the context of migration, adding: "The terminology used at
Deportation
Being opposed to non-citizens entering another country
"Net migration report". GOV.UK. Migration Advisory Committee. 13 May 2025. Retrieved 14 June 2026. "Unauthorised migration in the UK". Migration Observatory
Opposition_to_immigration
Aspect of Cuban-American history
the almost ten-year effort simply as the "Latin Park," and faced some pushback from non-Cuban residents. The park was unanimously approved by the Miami
Cuban_migration_to_Miami
Juridical concept in which someone persecuted by their country may take refuge in another
von der Leyen that Poland would refuse to implement the EU Asylum and Migration Pact, specifically rejecting the mandatory relocation of 30,000 asylum
Right_of_asylum
Management of cross-border population mobility
strategic use of migration flows as a means to obtain other aims, and the use of diplomatic methods to achieve goals related to migration.' Migration has come
Migration_diplomacy
Travel to give birth in another country
tourism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Anchor baby Economic results of migration Multiple citizenship Surrogacy "Born in the U.S.A.: Birth tourists get
Birth_tourism
Legal right to permanent residence
remain Migration diplomacy Net migration rate list New Pact on Migration and Asylum EU Non-refoulement Permanent residency Population transfer Pushback Refugee
Right_of_abode
Person applying for right of asylum
their migration officials making decisions, finding that individuals reject more applicants than others assessing similar cases—and migration officials
Asylum_seeker
Movement of a large group of people from one region to another
resettlement is a type of mass migration that is often imposed by a state policy or international authority. Such mass migrations are most frequently spurred
Population_transfer
towards Ukrainian refugees by Poland and urges Belarus and Poland to end pushbacks". OHCHR. Retrieved 2023-09-16. "Szczegółowe statystyki dot. osób zarejestrowanych
Demographics_of_Poland
Document or card required to reside in a country
territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan". The Republic of Azerbaijan State Migration Service. Retrieved 12 October 2025. "Issuance of temporary residence permit"
Residence_permit
Social incorporation of outgroups
immigrants' willingness to be integrated into the host society. Although migration is often accompanied by obstacles in the short term, such as unemployment
Social_integration
Migration that is critical due to dimensions or conditions
for refugees.[citation needed] Even economic migration requires a certain level of 'wealth' as migration is always a selective process - and the poorest
Refugee_crisis
Immigration
irregular migration". InfoMigrants. 2 October 2026. Retrieved 4 October 2026. Staff, Al Jazeera. "Greece pushes EU to suspend asylum during mass migration surges"
Immigration_detention
Agency of the European Union tasked with external border control
states with Frontex complicity in some cases have been responsible for pushback of almost 40,000 asylum seekers, resulting in 2,000 deaths, in violation
Frontex
disuse in the 1950s. In the 1980s, Ronald Reagan reacted to the mass migration of asylum seekers arriving in boats from Haiti by establishing a program
Immigration detention in the United States
Immigration_detention_in_the_United_States
Australian Border Force (ABF). Detention is mandatory: section 189 of the Migration Act 1958 provides that any person reasonably suspected of being an unlawful
Immigration detention in Australia
Immigration_detention_in_Australia
Policy of protecting the interests of established inhabitants against those of immigrants
Martiniello; Catherine Wihtol de Wenden (eds.). Migration between states and Markets. Research in migration and ethnic relations series. Ashgate. pp. 19–27
Nativism_(politics)
Chancellor of Germany since 2025
million euros gross" per year. These statements met with a broad public pushback and sparked wider criticism in Germany. Journalists, economists and financial
Friedrich_Merz
Socioeconomic integration into society
already naturalized or born as citizens, the "integration of people with a migration background" or "with an immigration history". Special cases of group-specific
Integration_of_immigrants
Prime Minister of Greece since 2019
for his handling of migration, including aid from the European Union, but criticism from journalists and activists for pushbacks, which his government
Kyriakos_Mitsotakis
pushbacks at sea – actions that are considered illegal and dangerous. In response to the continued challenges, the EU adopted the Pact on Migration and
Mediterranean Sea migrant smuggling
Mediterranean_Sea_migrant_smuggling
International law
fleeing Communism. In response to this influx, Congress established refugee migration as "distinct and separate from general immigration admissions" upon the
Refugee_law
Practice of seeking asylum in several states
be fleeing persecution in Somalia. Asylum seeker Chain migration Economic results of migration Forum shopping Gaming the system Illegal immigration Non-refoulement
Asylum_shopping
Displaced person
2015. Lamey 2011, pp. 232–266. "'I Can't Go Home, Stay Here, or Leave' Pushbacks and Pullbacks of Syrian Refugees from Cyprus and Lebanon". Human Rights
Refugee
Former Director of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency
Parliament's civil liberties committee, claiming that only one incident of pushback had been reported to his Agency. In October 2020, the European Ombudsman
Fabrice_Leggeri
Bibby Stockholm on 12th December 2023. "Immigration Detention in the UK". Migration Observatory. Retrieved 2020-07-23. Majcher, Izabella; Flynn, Michael;
Immigration detention in the United Kingdom
Immigration_detention_in_the_United_Kingdom
Mexican fascist organization
Sanchez Secretary of Hacienda Gen Arturo E Valverde Secretary of Agriculture Salvador Diaz F. Chief of Migration Gen. Jose E Solares Chief Assistant
Revolutionary Mexicanist Action
Revolutionary_Mexicanist_Action
alleged numerous breaches of fundamental human rights which include the pushbacks of refugees on both land and ocean borders, the forced return of migrants
Greece_and_the_European_Union
Net overseas migration increased from 30,000 in 1993 to 118,000 in 2003–04. The largest components of immigration are the skilled migration and family re-union
Immigration_by_country
coalition of over 12 organizations whose stated goal is "documenting illegal pushbacks & police violence by EU [European Union] member state authorities in the
Border Violence Monitoring Network
Border_Violence_Monitoring_Network
Measures taken to regulate the movement of goods and people across borders
sanitary and phytosanitary, or biosecurity regulations to restricting migration. While some borders (including most states' internal borders and international
Border_control
Sinking in the Ionian Sea off the Greek coast
June in solidarity with the refugees and against pushbacks and border fences intended to control migration. On 18 July, the Greek Archaeological Society
2023 Pylos migrant boat disaster
2023_Pylos_migrant_boat_disaster
Concept in sociology relating to the intergenerational effects of immigration
the acculturation gap hypothesis needs further testing. Furthermore, migration and work add to family stresses. Immigrants parents in the United States
Acculturation_gap
National government policies
Adjudication: Reclaiming Epistemic Justice for Gender-Based Asylum Seekers". Migration, Recognition and Critical Theory. Studies in Global Justice. Vol. 21.
Immigration_law
remain Migration diplomacy Net migration rate list New Pact on Migration and Asylum EU Non-refoulement Permanent residency Population transfer Pushback Refugee
Immigrant_surveillance
British military operation
that the Royal Navy would not be involved in the use of controversial pushback tactics, whereby migrant boats would be made to return to France, however
Operation_Isotrope
States granted asylum to 4,500 immigrants from Venezuela. As a pushback to hostile migration policies, many religious groups came together in the 1980s to
Asylum_in_the_United_States
Chilean anthropologist and political scientist (born 1989)
transgender rights and child migration. Her decision to assume the role and preserve its existence was met with both support and pushback from various feminist
Irina_Karamanos
Type of small convenience store in New York City
Fortinsky, Sarah (April 17, 2026). "Mamdani's city-run grocery plan draws pushback from local bodegas, supermarkets". The Hill. Gonella, Catalina; KimShare
Bodega
2025 speech criticizing European leadership and policies
sharp departure from past US foreign policy rhetoric and prompted strong pushback from European leaders. Several media outlets regarded the speech as a turning
2025 JD Vance speech at the Munich Security Conference
2025_JD_Vance_speech_at_the_Munich_Security_Conference
illegal migration'". Times of Malta. 28 May 2025. Retrieved 10 June 2025. "Malta sea rescues plummet as Libyan pushbacks soar in years since migration deal"
Immigration_to_Malta
Terrorist attack in Sydney, Australia
February 2026. Issa, Antoun (16 December 2025). "Jewish Council urges 'pushback' against divisive rhetoric after Bondi attack". Deepcut News. Archived
Bondi_Beach_shooting
remain Migration diplomacy Net migration rate list New Pact on Migration and Asylum EU Non-refoulement Permanent residency Population transfer Pushback Refugee
List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population
List_of_sovereign_states_by_immigrant_and_emigrant_population
Rejection of features of another culture
(1980). The Assimilation of Ethnic Groups: The Italian Case. Center for Migration Studies. ISBN 978-0-913256-39-8. Drachsler, Julius (1920). Democracy and
Cultural_dissimilation
Prime Minister of Hungary (1998–2002, 2010–2026)
spearheaded plans to open a Fudan University campus in Budapest, which led to pushback in Hungary. He met with Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Politburo member
Viktor_Orbán
American petroleum company
seekingalpha.com. 13 April 2022. Retrieved 2022-05-19. "Ion Geophysical Faces Pushback Over Bankruptcy Plan, Sales". Bloomberg Law. July 26, 2022. Retrieved October
ION_Geophysical
Somalia-based Wahhabi militant group
Ethiopia?". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 2 August 2026. "Al-Shabab Faces Pushback in Ethiopia's Somali Region". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 2 August 2026
Al-Shabaab_(militant_group)
President of the United States from 2021 to 2025
debate, but gave it limited coverage beforehand, in part due to harsh pushback from White House officials. Biden initially deemed himself fit to serve
Joe_Biden
German politician and diplomat (born 1980)
in conflict zones. Her presidency coincided with a period of noticeable pushback against women’s inclusion and empowerment. Baerbock repeatedly argued that
Annalena_Baerbock
2021 migrant crisis on the borders of Poland, Lithuania and Latvia with Belarus
rights organizations and academics voiced concerns over the use of migrant pushbacks by Lithuanian, Latvian and Polish border guards, the denial of the possibility
Belarus–European Union border crisis
Belarus–European_Union_border_crisis
Diplomatic crisis between Spain and Morocco
government responded by moving security forces to the area and implementing a pushback mechanism. Most of the new arrivals were returned to Morocco within a few
2021 Morocco–Spain border incident
2021_Morocco–Spain_border_incident
Political party in Greece
his handling of migration, including support and aid from the European Union, but criticism from journalists and activists for pushbacks, which his government
New_Democracy_(Greece)
Expulsion of Italians from Libya
Albahari, Maurizio (2015). "Genealogies of Rescue and Pushbacks". Crimes of Peace: Mediterranean Migrations at the World's Deadliest Border. University of Pennsylvania
1970 expulsion of Italians from Libya
1970_expulsion_of_Italians_from_Libya
migrate for work has become widespread within China due to rural-urban migration. As increasing numbers of Chinese people immigrate to Western countries
Satellite_babies
Planned project in India
upper stretches of the Galathea River. This dam faces severe environmental pushback. The Galathea River is a critical habitat for the endangered Nicobar Megapode
Great Nicobar Island Development Project
Great_Nicobar_Island_Development_Project
American government policy since 2025
2023 and 2024. The use of deportation flights by the U.S. has created pushback from some foreign governments, particularly that of Colombia. The total
Deportation in the second Trump administration
Deportation_in_the_second_Trump_administration
Adoption of features of another culture
the British colonies on two very different paths—voluntary and forced migration. Those who migrated to the colonies on their own volition were drawn by
Cultural_assimilation
Adjusting to a new cultural environment
for safety, navigation, and maintaining social connections during their migration journeys. However, they also introduce risks such as surveillance, misinformation
Acculturation
Proposed diplomatic solution for the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
governments restarted discussions on a two-state solution. This received pushback from Israel's government, especially from prime minister Netanyahu. On
Two-state_solution
Sign language family
a result, Schembri says he and Johnston have disowned the term due to pushback from Deaf communities, who were concerned that it was replacing the names
BANZSL
Migrants | Hotlines' Annual Report on Detention Reveals: Israel Attempted a Pushback and Detained a Sudanese Family with Three Children". Retrieved 5 January
Sudanese_in_Israel
Investigative journalism organization
Award in 2023 for work on illegal paramilitary operatives responsible for pushbacks of migrants in EU countries. It also won the One World Media Reporting
Lighthouse_Reports
Series of personal computers
Steve Jobs was adamant that the issue be fixed before it shipped, despite pushback. Ive wanted special polished stainless steel screws in the handle of the
Power_Mac_G4
Chancellor of Germany from 2021 to 2025
Retrieved 2 October 2024. "German Ban on Arms Exports to Saudis Spurs Pushback". Der Spiegel. 6 March 2019. Archived from the original on 8 August 2024
Olaf_Scholz
Israeli geographer and academic (1935–2026)
working to implement the "separation policy" of Israel. Soffer received pushback for his claim that the gathering of secular Israelis in Tel Aviv "emboldened"
Arnon_Soffer
Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico—became U.S. citizens. Large-scale migration increased the U.S.' Mexican population during the 1910s, as refugees fled
History_of_Mexican_Americans
ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 26, 2025. "Trump's social media video garners pushback from Arabs and Muslims in U.S. and Gaza". NPR. February 26, 2025. Archived
2025 Donald Trump Gaza Strip takeover proposal
2025_Donald_Trump_Gaza_Strip_takeover_proposal
U.S. presidential administration since 2025
, Cleve R. (January 21, 2025). "Trump's executive orders already face pushback, legal challenges". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from
Second presidency of Donald Trump
Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump
American daily newspaper
the United States's historical involvement in the Vietnam War, despite pushback from then-president Richard Nixon. In the landmark decision New York Times
The_New_York_Times
Former system of slavery in Mizoram (ab. 1927)
his own expenses; however, his campaign against the Bawi System led to pushback from the British administration, who feared it could aggravate the Mizo
Bawi_system
German politician (born 1970)
Minister alongside the Merz cabinet. The following day, he ordered the pushback of illegal immigrants at the German border. On 13 May, Dobrindt announced
Alexander_Dobrindt
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the U.S.
sources of pride and inspiration for black society as a whole. Over time, pushback and open defiance of the oppressive existing laws grew, until it reached
Jim_Crow_laws
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance