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Device for creating radionuclides
A radionuclide generator is a device which provides a local supply of a short-lived radioactive substance from the decay of a longer-lived parent radionuclide
Radionuclide_generator
Atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable
radiopharmaceutical. Radionuclides occur naturally and are artificially produced in nuclear reactors, cyclotrons, particle accelerators or radionuclide generators. There
Radionuclide
Medical specialty
99mTc is normally supplied to hospitals through a radionuclide generator containing the parent radionuclide molybdenum-99. 99Mo is typically obtained as a
Nuclear_medicine
Electrical generator that uses heat from radioactive decay
A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG, RITEG), or radioisotope power system (RPS), is a type of nuclear battery that uses an array of thermocouples
Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator
Type of radiation therapy
Radionuclide therapy (RNT, also known as unsealed source radiotherapy or molecular radiotherapy) uses radioactive substances called radiopharmaceuticals
Radionuclide_therapy
Combination medication
Germanium (68Ge) chloride/gallium (68Ga) chloride is a radionuclide generator. It is a combination of germanium (68 Ge) chloride and gallium (68 Ga) chloride
Germanium (68Ge) chloride/gallium (68Ga) chloride
Germanium_(68Ge)_chloride/gallium_(68Ga)_chloride
Federal research center in Tennessee, US
methods to provide medical radioisotopes, the development of new radionuclide generator systems, the design and evaluation of new radiopharmaceuticals for
Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory
Electric battery using nuclear energy
device, radioluminescent nuclear battery or radioisotope photovoltaic generator) is a type of nuclear battery in which nuclear energy is converted into
Optoelectric_nuclear_battery
Branch of pharmacy focused on radioactive pharmaceuticals
technetium-based preparations. First the active technetium is obtained from a radionuclide generator on site, which is then added to a non-radioactive kit containing
Nuclear_pharmacy
Type of radiation therapy to treat cancer
(September 2008). "Realizing the potential of the Actinium-225 radionuclide generator in targeted alpha particle therapy applications". Advanced Drug
Targeted alpha-particle therapy
Targeted_alpha-particle_therapy
Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
The Beta-M is a radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) that was used in Soviet-era lighthouses and beacons. The Beta-M contains a core made up of
Beta-M
Situation in which the quantity of a radioactive isotope remains constant
only if the half-life of the daughter radionuclide B is much shorter than the half-life of the parent radionuclide A. In such a case, the decay rate of
Secular_equilibrium
Source of neutrons from linear particle accelerators
Neutron generators are neutron source devices which contain compact linear particle accelerators and that produce neutrons by fusing isotopes of hydrogen
Neutron_generator
Decommissioned nuclear power plant in Ukraine
of 30.17 years. As of 2016[update], the radiation exposure from that radionuclide has declined by half since the 1986 accident. On 11 October 1991, reactor
Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant
artificially in nuclear reactors, cyclotrons, particle accelerators, or radionuclide generators. radius of curvature redshift A phenomenon which occurs when light
Glossary_of_physics
Process of reviewing medicinal products
biotechnology products, homeopathic products, herbal drugs, radionuclide generators, kits, radionuclide precursor radiopharmaceuticals and industrially prepared
Marketing_authorisation
Metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99
bombardment of molybdenum. This procedure produced molybdenum-99, a radionuclide with a longer half-life (2.75 days), which decays to 99mTc. This longer
Technetium-99m
Isotope of scandium
hours. 44Sc can be obtained as a daughter radionuclide of long-lived 44Ti (t1/2 59.1 a) from a 44Ti/44Sc generator or produced by the nuclear reaction 44Ca(p
Scandium-44
Radioisotope that is man-made and is not found in nature
A synthetic radioisotope is a radionuclide that is not found in nature: no natural process or mechanism exists which produces it, or it is so unstable
Synthetic_radioisotope
Emissions from unstable atomic nuclei
than the age of the universe. The decaying nucleus is called the parent radionuclide (or parent radioisotope), and the process produces at least one daughter
Radioactive_decay
Medical diagnostic method
pertechnetate. Initially it provides a radionuclide angiogram, followed by a static image after the radionuclide has perfused the tissue. In the healthy
Perfusion_scanning
Radionuclide emitting ionizing radiation
A radioactive source is a known quantity of a radionuclide which emits ionizing radiation, typically one or more of the radiation types gamma rays, alpha
Radioactive_source
Chemical compound
A.P.; Mrzadeh, C. Brihaye; Guillaume, M. The Development of New Radionuclide Generator Systems for Nuclear Medicine Applications (Report). Oak Ridge National
Potassium_osmyl_oxalate
two: stable 85Rb (72.2%) and radioactive 87Rb (27.8%). The primordial radionuclide 87Rb has a half-life of 4.97×1010 years, beta decaying to stable 87Sr
Isotopes_of_rubidium
Nuclear medicine tomographic imaging technique
required. The technique needs delivery of a gamma-emitting radioisotope (a radionuclide) into the patient, normally through injection into the bloodstream. On
Single-photon emission computed tomography
Single-photon_emission_computed_tomography
of americium-241. 237 Np is considered to be one of the most mobile radionuclides at the site of the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository (Nevada)
Isotopes_of_neptunium
radioimmunoassay (radioiodine) iodine-131 (radioisotope) radionuclide radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) radioisotope heater units radioisotope rocket
Index_of_radiation_articles
Isotope of plutonium
plutonium-238 isotope suitable for usage in radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) and radioisotope heater units. The density of plutonium-238 at
Plutonium-238
produce the medically useful radioisotope technetium-99m Primordial radionuclide Molybdenum-99 is produced commercially by intense neutron-bombardment
Isotopes_of_molybdenum
Method to dispose of nuclear and radioactive waste
sites. At immediate vicinity of waste containers, elevated levels of radionuclide were found, but had not contaminated the surrounding area. Dumping was
Ocean disposal of radioactive waste
Ocean_disposal_of_radioactive_waste
Topics referred to by the same term
as viewed in X-ray astronomy X-ray background Naturally occurring radionuclides Artificial X-ray sources Radiopharmaceuticals in radiopharmacology Radioactive
X-ray_source
Lists radionuclides of technological importance
Various radionuclides emit beta particles (high-speed electrons or positrons) through radioactive decay of their atomic nucleus. These can be used in
Common_beta_emitters
theory MeSH H01.671.579.826 – radioactivity MeSH H01.671.579.835 – radionuclide generators MeSH H01.671.606 – optics MeSH H01.671.606.058 – anisotropy MeSH H01
List_of_MeSH_codes_(H01)
unstable toward double beta decay. Nickel-59 is a long-lived cosmogenic radionuclide with a half-life of 81,000 years. 59Ni has found many applications in
Isotopes_of_nickel
Medical imaging technique
prostate cancer, there is growing interest in using a PET scan with radionuclides delivered via prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting ligand
Positron_emission_tomography
Chemical compound
natural compound in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a radionuclide (a radioactive atom). By virtue of its radioactive decay, it can be used
Radioactive_tracer
Radioactive isotope of strontium
Accessed January 10, 2011. "II: The release, dispersion and deposition of radionuclides", Chernobyl: Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts (PDF), NEA
Strontium-90
American electronics company
an electronics company whose products range from pulse generators and digital delay generators to specialized handheld instruments and portal monitors
Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation
Berkeley_Nucleonics_Corporation
Device that emits neutrons
be used both for nuclear transmutation (e.g. production of medical radionuclides or synthesis of precious metals) and for power generation as the energy
Neutron_source
Radioactive isotope of yttrium
both PET/CT and PET/MRI are less widely available and more costly. Radionuclide therapy Selective internal radiation therapy Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.;
Yttrium-90
Pharmaceutical drug which emits radiation, used as a diagnostic or therapeutic agent
University Press, p. 708, ISBN 978-0-19-539203-6, retrieved 22 September 2026 – via Internet Archive. Medical radionuclides production simulator – IAEA
Radiopharmaceutical
assignment arguments. Used to generate 68Ga Fission product Primordial radionuclide Daughter products other than germanium Isotopes of selenium Isotopes
Isotopes_of_germanium
Radioactive isotope of Americium
and is a potential fuel for long-lifetime radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs). Its common parent nuclides are 241Pu (by beta decay), 241Cm (by
Americium-241
Investigations into the Chernobyl nuclear accident
following days and weeks, most of mainland Europe was contaminated with radionuclides that emitted dangerous amounts of ionizing radiation. To investigate
Investigations into the Chernobyl disaster
Investigations_into_the_Chernobyl_disaster
Type of particle accelerator
electrostatic accelerators, such as the Cockcroft–Walton generator and the Van de Graaff generator. In these accelerators, particles would cross an accelerating
Cyclotron
Isotope of thulium
(December 2021). "Assessment of alternative radionuclides for use in a radioisotope thermoelectric generator". Nuclear Engineering and Design. 385 111475
Thulium-170
Chemical compound
diphosphonate), the simplest bisphosphonate, with technetium-99m (99mTc), a radionuclide that emits gamma rays. The exact structure of the complex is not known
Technetium (99mTc) medronic acid
Technetium_(99mTc)_medronic_acid
Former nuclear-powered Soviet submarine
kilograms of spent nuclear fuel containing some 5.3 gigabecquerels of radionuclides. The Military Prosecutor General's office brought charges against Captain
Soviet_submarine_K-159
Type of non-destructive testing
either X-rays, produced with X-ray generators, or gamma rays generated by the natural radioactivity of sealed radionuclide sources. Neutrons can also be used
Industrial_radiography
2011 nuclear accident in Japan
137Cs was deposited in the ocean. Thus, the majority (90~99%) of the radionuclides deposited were isotopes of iodine and caesium, with a small portion
Fukushima_nuclear_accident
(December 2021). "Assessment of alternative radionuclides for use in a radioisotope thermoelectric generator". Nuclear Engineering and Design. 385 111475
Isotopes_of_thulium
Ukraine was established, numerous devices for monitoring the migration of radionuclides in the environment were developed and manufactured. The Institute also
Institute for Nuclear Research (NASU)
Institute_for_Nuclear_Research_(NASU)
1986 nuclear accident in the Soviet Union
2002 update; Chapter II – The release, dispersion and deposition of radionuclides" (PDF). OECD-NEA. 2002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 June
Chernobyl_disaster
processes. The main source of naturally occurring nanomaterials containing radionuclides is the decay of radon gas, whose immediate decay products are non-gaseous
Radioactive_nanoparticle
that complements the medium-term records obtained from anthropogenic radionuclides such as 137Cs. It has been used to quantify erosion and deposition rates
Isotopes_of_lead
Ionizing radiation particle of two protons and two neutrons
therapy for solid tumors involves attaching an alpha-particle-emitting radionuclide to a tumor-targeting molecule such as an antibody, that can be delivered
Alpha_particle
Branch of physics focused on radiation protection
principally work at facilities where radionuclides or other sources of ionizing radiation (such as X-ray generators) are used or produced; these include
Health_physics
Chemical element with atomic number 96 (Cm)
of curium. Curium is used in making heavier actinides and the 238Pu radionuclide for power sources in artificial cardiac pacemakers and RTGs for spacecraft
Curium
Chemical compound
Konings’ value is reported to be 167 +/- 5 J/molK.) Curium metal is a radionuclide and emits alpha particles upon radioactive decay. Although it has a half-life
Curium(III)_oxide
spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments. Primordial radionuclide Used to date groundwater Fission product Formerly used to define the
Isotopes_of_krypton
Disabled nuclear power plant in Japan
the discharge of radioactive water, which has been treated to remove radionuclides other than tritium, into the Pacific Ocean over the course of 30 years
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Fukushima_Daiichi_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Radioactive isotope of caesium
the highest concentrations in soft tissue. However, unlike group 2 radionuclides like radium and strontium-90, caesium does not bioaccumulate and is
Caesium-137
Chemical compound or ion
and emission tomographic imaging. The gamma radiation emitted by the radionuclide allows organs to be imaged in vivo tomographically. Currently, over 80%
Pertechnetate
Nuclear reactor where water boils in core
reactor core before being directed to the turbine which drives the electric generator. Immediately after the turbine, a heat exchanger called a condenser brings
Boiling_water_reactor
Power generated from nuclear reactions
processes are used in niche applications such as radioisotope thermoelectric generators in some space probes such as Voyager 2. Reactors producing controlled
Nuclear_power
Isotope of rubidium
1959, preclinical trials showed in dogs that myocardial uptake of this radionuclide was directly proportional to myocardial blood flow. In 1979, Yano et
Rubidium-82
Device for controlled nuclear reactions
coolant. In commercial reactors, this drives turbines and electrical generator shafts. Some reactors are used for district heating, and isotope production
Nuclear_reactor
Reactor accident due to core overheating
have been backfitted with activated carbon and HEPA filters to prevent radionuclide release. In the Fukushima incident, however, this design failed. Despite
Nuclear_meltdown
Chemical element with atomic number 95 (Am)
Nuclear Data Sheets. 186: 261. "Metastable Americium 242" (PDF). Table of Radionuclides. LNE - LNHB / CEA. Retrieved 29 April 2026. "Standard Reference Materials:
Americium
US Government agency for nuclear regulation & radiation safety
oversight for fuel cycle facilities, licensing radioactive materials, radionuclide safety, and managing the storage, security, recycling, and disposal of
Nuclear_Regulatory_Commission
Nuclear medicine test that uses gallium to obtain images of tissues
and is rarely used these days. However, the mentioned gallium(III) radionuclides, particularly 68Ga, are frequently used as radiolabels for peptides
Gallium_scan
U.S. healthcare company
developed for the labeling of NanoLiposomes with radiotherapeutic Rhenium radionuclides to very high levels of specific activity. This novel approach uses a
Cerenome
Nuclear research facility in Mumbai, India
short- lived species. This will reduce the need of long term isolation of radionuclide from environment by multifold. R&D is also directed towards management
Bhabha_Atomic_Research_Centre
Materials made radioactive by neutron activation
so activation products are a particular concern. Activation product radionuclides include: [1] Branching fractions from LNHB database. [2] Branching fractions
Activation_product
Decommissioned nuclear power plant in Visaginas Municipality, Lithuania
operations of I.N.P.P., causing eutrophication. Ignalina's discharges of radionuclides and heavy metals have accumulated in lake waters and sediments. Its
Ignalina_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Isotope of polonium
ISBN 978-0-521-54117-6. Skwarzec, B.; Strumińska, D. I.; Boryło, A. (2006). "Radionuclides of iron (55Fe), nickel (63Ni), polonium (210Po), uranium (234U, 235U
Polonium-210
Contrast agent for cancer imaging
68GaIII is usually obtained from a dedicated mobile radionuclide source, a Gallium-68 generator, in form of a solution in dilute (0.04–0.1 M) hydrochloric
Ga-68-Trivehexin
Coral atoll in the Marshall Islands
of caesium-137 on the Marshall Islands. Initial fallout cloud debris, radionuclide particles, and actual caesium-137 particles were all estimated during
Bikini_Atoll
Severe events involving radioactive materials
sources. It is commonly believed that, with the rate of the current radionuclide leakage, the dispersal into the water would prove beneficial, as most
Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents
Nuclear_and_radiation_accidents_and_incidents
Nuclear power safety method that does not require electrical power nor intervention
high efficiency hydrogen-neutron heat transfer rather than inefficient radionuclide-water heat transfer ensures the fuel cannot melt through accident alone
Passive_nuclear_safety
Chemical compound
principle be produced cheaper than those based on plutonium-238 or other radionuclides which have to be produced in dedicated facilities. However, due to the
Strontium_titanate
EC to 148Eu Theorized to also undergo β+β+ decay to 150Sm primordial radionuclide Theorized to also undergo β+β+ decay to 152Sm Fission product Believed
Isotopes_of_gadolinium
1979 nuclear accident in Pennsylvania
various government agencies monitoring the area. Very low levels of radionuclides could be attributed to releases from the accident. Comprehensive investigations
Three_Mile_Island_accident
Nuclear reprocessing plant in Russia
was 4.36% of the annual emission limit of this radionuclide). The reason for the release of radionuclides was depressurisation of VVER-440 fuel elements
Mayak
Maarten; Cleeren, Frederik (21 April 2021). "Bismuth-213 for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: From Atom to Bedside". Pharmaceutics. 13 (5): 599. doi:10
Isotopes_of_actinium
Chemical element with atomic number 86 (Rn)
Cornelius; Wolf, Walter; Shani, Jashovam. "Radionuclides, 2. Radioactive Elements and Artificial Radionuclides". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
Radon
Helium isotope with two protons and one neutron
decay from uranium, thorium as well as their decay products and extinct radionuclides. Virtually all helium-3 used in industry today is produced from the
Helium-3
Method to create radioactive chemicals
washed. It should also be mentioned that according to Half-life of radionuclides, a relaxation time is needed between the syntheses in each module. Fig
Radiosynthesis
Ukrainian public nuclear company
a multi-purpose container (MPC), which prevent possible leakage of radionuclides from spent assemblies to the environment); safe long-term storage in
Energoatom
Canadian heavy water nuclear reactor design
them with tritium breeding facilities. Tritium is considered a weak radionuclide because of its low-energy radioactive emissions (beta particle energy
CANDU_reactor
High temperature industrial processes
reduces the needs for spent fuel pools (even if the recovered short-lived radionuclides are "only" sent to storage, that still requires less space as the bulk
Pyroprocessing
British physicist (1897–1967)
Cockcroft's Folly until the core of one of the reactors ignited and released radionuclides during the Windscale fire of 1957. From 1959 to 1967, he was the first
John_Cockcroft
River in North Yorkshire and Lancashire, England
Research, 20(2–3), 117–131. "A Vertically Resolving Model Of Sediment And Radionuclide Transport For The Ribble Estuary". 18 October 2007. Archived from the
River_Ribble
Type of nuclear fission reactor
of which emit strong gamma rays. As a result, the presence of these radionuclides complicates the radiation shielding of fresh nuclear fuel and the long-term
Small_modular_reactor
Vibrations with frequencies lower than 20 hertz
monitoring technologies, along with seismic, hydroacoustic, and atmospheric radionuclide monitoring. The loudest infrasound recorded by the monitoring system
Infrasound
Energy change of a nucleus after radioactive decay
arXiv:1908.11458. doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2. ISSN 1434-6001. Radioactivity Radionuclides Radiation by Joseph Magill and Jean Galy, Springer Verlag, 2005
Decay_energy
Walter; Shani, Jashovam (15 October 2011). "Radionuclides, 2. Radioactive Elements and Artificial Radionuclides". In Elvers, Barbara; et al. (eds.). Ullmann's
Prices_of_chemical_elements
Type of nuclear reactor design
products or minor actinides) into less harmful substances, for producing radionuclides for use in nuclear medicine or to produce precious metals from low-priced
Accelerator-driven subcritical reactor
Accelerator-driven_subcritical_reactor
Concept in economics
Neptunium-237 for use as a precursor to Plutonium-238 or various industrial radionuclides like Krypton-85, Caesium-137 or Strontium-90, as well as nonradioactive
Waste_valorization
Observatory in Nunavut
"Canadian Network of Northern Research Operators » » Alert – Atmospheric Radionuclides Monitoring Station". cnnro.ca. 2015-03-26. Retrieved 23 January 2017
Dr. Neil Trivett Global Atmosphere Watch Observatory
Dr._Neil_Trivett_Global_Atmosphere_Watch_Observatory
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RADIONUCLIDE GENERATOR
RADIONUCLIDE GENERATOR
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