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Form of scientific experiment
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a type of statistical experiment designed to evaluate the efficacy or safety of an intervention by minimizing bias
Randomized_controlled_trial
Type of medical experiment
positive-control study, because its control is of the positive type. This close association of placebo effects with randomized controlled trials has a profound
Placebo-controlled_study
Phase of clinical research in medicine
Clinical trials. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); a concentrated source for bibliographic reports of randomized controlled trials Portal:
Clinical_trial
Research study in medicine
medicine. Randomized, controlled crossover experiments are especially important in health care. In a randomized clinical trial, the subjects are randomly assigned
Crossover_study
Methods employed to reduce error in science tests
Designed experiment Controlling for a variable James Lind Randomized controlled trial Wait list control group Life, Vol. II: Evolution, Diversity and Ecology:
Scientific_control
Study with uncontrolled variable of interest
treatment or control group. This is in contrast with experiments, such as randomized controlled trials, where each subject is randomly assigned to a
Observational_study
Form of scientific experiment
randomised controlled trials are also known as cluster-randomised trials, group-randomised trials, and place-randomized trials. Cluster-randomised controlled trials
Cluster-randomised controlled trial
Cluster-randomised_controlled_trial
Single patient clinical trial
experimental and a control intervention are given to a single patient is an N-of-1 randomized controlled trial. Some N-of-1 trials involve randomized assignment
N-of-1_trial
Type of therapy to improve mental health
(October 2006). "A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder: rationale for trial, method, and description
Cognitive_behavioral_therapy
Heuristic ranking science research results
(such as a case report for an individual patient or a blinded randomized controlled trial) and the endpoints measured (such as survival or quality of life)
Hierarchy_of_evidence
Experiment using randomness in some aspect, usually to aid in removal of bias
update] A/B testing Allocation concealment Random assignment Randomized block design Randomized controlled trial Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D; for the CONSORT
Randomized_experiment
Therapeutic technique
2015, the efficacy of TENS for phantom limb pain is unknown; no randomized controlled trials have been performed. A few studies have shown objective evidence
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Transcutaneous_electrical_nerve_stimulation
Experiment in which information about the test is masked to reduce bias
While the possibility of blinded trials on acupuncture is controversial, a 2003 review of 47 randomized controlled trials found no fewer than four methods
Blinded_experiment
Apparent lack of pattern or predictability in events
algorithms. Medicine: Random allocation of a clinical intervention is used to reduce bias in controlled trials (e.g., randomized controlled trials). Religion: Although
Randomness
Design of tasks
togetherPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Randomized controlled trial – Form of scientific experiment Research design – Overall strategy
Design_of_experiments
Form of analysis for clinical trials
medicine, an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis of the results of a randomized controlled trial is based on the initial treatment assignment and not on the treatment
Intention-to-treat_analysis
Chemical compound
mellitus. Initial results from a randomized controlled trial indicated that it reduced weight and improved diabetic control. The most commonly reported adverse
Danuglipron
Stress reduction medical technique
legs syndrome, though a 2018 randomized controlled trial found no significant difference between the intervention and control groups. Studies in populations
Tension and Trauma Releasing Exercises
Tension_and_Trauma_Releasing_Exercises
Type of observational study comparing two existing groups differing in outcome
but provide less evidence for causal inference than a randomized controlled trial. A case–control study is often used to produce an odds ratio. Some statistical
Case–control_study
Spinal medical implant
clinical use and subsequent randomized controlled trials comparing the device with fusion. Randomized controlled trials have compared TOPS to lumbar
TOPS_System
American psychiatrist, neuroscientist and author
2020 found a 57% reduction in anxiety in anxious physicians. A randomized controlled trial of Unwinding Anxiety published in 2021 found a 67% reduction
Judson_A._Brewer
Protease commonly found in natto
metabolism of NK administered as an oral dose." A double-blind randomized controlled trial published in 2021 reports that in "healthy individuals at low
Nattokinase
Minor surgical procedure to release pus or pressure under skin
Francoise; Ro, Peter; Harris, Hobart (November 2007). "Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of cephalexin for treatment of uncomplicated skin
Incision_and_drainage
Long-term U.S. health study
It consisted of three clinical trials (CT) and an observational study (OS). In particular, randomized controlled trials were designed and funded that addressed
Women's_Health_Initiative
System of psychotherapy
treatment for a wide variety of psychological disorders. A 2012 randomized controlled trial showed CFT to be a safe and clinically effective treatment option
Compassion-focused_therapy
American neuroscientist (1982–2025)
2022). "Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT): A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial". Am J Psychiatry. 179 (2): 132–141. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2021
Nolan_R._Williams
Mental disorder associated with trauma
Exposure in patients with PTSD related to childhood abuse: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1851511. https://doi
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder
Complex_post-traumatic_stress_disorder
Immobilization or ankylosis of two or more vertebrae by fusion of the vertebral bodies
effectiveness for several common medical conditions. For example, in a randomized controlled trial of Swedish adults with spinal stenosis, after 2 and 5 years,
Spinal_fusion
Australian psychologist and researcher
Clinical Psychology. 2015. Harvey AG, Dong L, Hein K, et al. A randomized controlled trial of TranS-C in a community setting. Journal of Consulting and
Allison_Harvey
Bias in causal inference
interpreting the outcomes differently. Randomized controlled trial: A method where the study population is divided randomly in order to mitigate the chances
Confounding
Type of behavior therapy
virtual-reality augmented exposure therapy for combat-related PTSD: A randomized controlled trial". Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 61: 64–74. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis
Systematic_desensitization
Experiment methodology
more complex phenomena. "A/B testing" is a shorthand for a simple randomized controlled experiment, in which a number of samples (e.g. A and B) of a single
A/B_testing
Dynamic relaxation method
or qualitative, claimed by the sophrology method. In 2019, a randomized controlled trial in Spain was carried out to determine the effects of sophrology’s
Sophrology
Term in statistical hypothesis testing
ISBN 978-0-470-37796-3. Sample Size Estimation in Clinical Research From Randomized Controlled Trials to Observational Studies, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.03
Power_(statistics)
Statistical method in genetic epidemiology
traditional randomized controlled trial (the standard in epidemiology for establishing causality). These authors also coined the term Mendelian randomization. One
Mendelian_randomization
Pharmaceutical clinical trial
in patients with severe heart failure. RALES trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 1663 patients from 195 centers
RALES_(trial)
American Psychologist and Researcher
University, and Professor in Harvard Medical School. His randomized controlled effectiveness trials and meta-analyses of youth psychotherapies have bridged
John_R._Weisz
Central nervous system stimulant prodrug
treatment is used for ADHD. One review highlighted a nine-month randomized controlled trial of amphetamine treatment for ADHD in children that found an average
Lisdexamfetamine
Deliberate psychological or spiritual calm
by reducing stress and enhancing psychological well-being. A randomized controlled trial found that participants who underwent mindfulness training reported
Inner_peace
Cholesterol-lowering medication
lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial". JAMA. 291 (9): 1071–1080. doi:10.1001/jama.291.9.1071. PMID 14996776
Atorvastatin
Menstrual period with excessive blood flow
menstrual bleeding with estradiol valerate and dienogest: a randomized controlled trial". Obstetrics and Gynecology. 117 (4): 777–87. doi:10.1097/AOG
Heavy_menstrual_bleeding
Disorder of decreased tolerance to specific sounds
PMID 33336858. Podoly TY, Even-Ezra H, Doron G (June 2025). "A randomized controlled trial evaluating an mHealth intervention for anger-related cognitions
Misophonia
Form of physiotherapy
ups at three, six, twelve, and twenty-four months. In another randomized controlled trial consisting of patients with a total hip arthroplasty, Fascial
Fascial_manipulation
Brand of multivitamins
Prevention of Cancer in Men - The Physicians' Health Study II Randomized Controlled Trial". JAMA. 308 (18): 1871–80. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.14641. PMC 3517179
Centrum_(multivitamin)
Graphical display of scientific results
of graphically representing a meta-analysis of the results of randomized controlled trials. In the last twenty years, similar meta-analytical techniques
Forest_plot
Global research center working to reduce poverty
provides technical support to, and disseminates the results of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of social interventions in health, education
Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab
Abdul_Latif_Jameel_Poverty_Action_Lab
Listening of music to improve sleep quality
Kringelbach, Morten; Van Someren, Eus; Vuust, Peter (2019-01-24). "A randomized controlled trial of bedtime music for insomnia disorder". Journal of Sleep Research
Music_and_sleep
Psychological training
studies were either randomized controlled trials or quasi-experiments. All studies had to have a treatment and a treated or untreated control group. By this
Working_memory_training
Statistical measure of how far values spread from their average
defined as the expected value of the squared deviation from the mean of a random variable. The standard deviation is the square root of the variance. Technically
Variance
Statistical method
regression discontinuity design showed to be a valid alternative to a randomized controlled trial for estimating treatment effects". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Regression discontinuity design
Regression_discontinuity_design
Process involving chance used in research for allocating experimental subjects to groups
This is why randomized controlled trials are vital in clinical research, especially ones that can be double-blinded and placebo-controlled. Mathematically
Random_assignment
American clinical professor of neurosurgery
G. T.; Doty, J. R.; Gross, J. J.; Goldin, P. R. (2013). "A randomized controlled trial of compassion cultivation training: Effects on mindfulness, affect
James_Doty_(physician)
Chemical compound
across these targets. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials report that retatrutide produces substantial reductions in body
Retatrutide
US-based health care study in 1974-1982
which assigned people randomly to different kinds of plans and followed their behavior. Because it was a randomized controlled trial, it provided stronger
RAND Health Insurance Experiment
RAND_Health_Insurance_Experiment
to changes in medical practice, which were later refuted by randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The phenomenon emphasizes the challenges of distinguishing
Observational interpretation fallacy
Observational_interpretation_fallacy
Design of experiments to collect similar contexts together
that the trials for any K-factor randomized block design are simply the cell indices of a k dimensional matrix. The model for a randomized block design
Blocking_(statistics)
Surgical procedure
Patient Controlled Analgesia for Knee Mobility and Long-Term Pain in Patients Receiving Total Knee Replacement: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Evidence-Based
Knee_replacement
Therapy
Mannarino, A. P.; Perel, J. M.; Staron, V. (2007). "A pilot randomized controlled trial of combined trauma-focused CBT and sertraline for childhood PTSD
Trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy
Trauma_focused_cognitive_behavioral_therapy
Statistical relationship
is the Randomized Dependence Coefficient. The RDC is a computationally efficient, copula-based measure of dependence between multivariate random variables
Correlation
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
conflicting on the effect of aspirin in breast cancer prevention; a randomized controlled trial showed that aspirin had no significant effect in reducing breast
Aspirin
Fundamental theorem in probability theory and statistics
approximation of large-sample statistics to the normal distribution in controlled experiments. Regression analysis, and in particular ordinary least squares
Central_limit_theorem
Longitudinal research methodology
psychiatric treatments, and may therefore be an excellent fit. Randomized controlled trials so far show mixed evidence for the efficacy of ESM in improving
Experience_sampling_method
Pharmaceutical clinical trial
Coronary Prevention Study (also known as WOSCOPS) was a landmark randomized controlled trial, published in 1995, that investigated the effects of pravastatin
West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study
West_of_Scotland_Coronary_Prevention_Study
Focused attention on one's mental distress
Relapse: Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy in a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial with Resting State fMRI". PLOS ONE. 11 (11) e0163952. Bibcode:2016PLoSO
Rumination_(psychology)
Use of science to increase knowledge
subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator Randomized controlled trial, a type of scientific experiment
Scientific_study
Focusing the eyes on a display device for a protracted period of time
exist to darken the user interface.[citation needed] A 2017 randomized controlled trial evaluated macular carotenoid supplements (lutein, zeaxanthin
Computer_vision_syndrome
Blood product used in transfusion medicine
review found that it may be useful. A 2009 review found few randomized controlled trials that adequately evaluated the safety and efficacy of PRP treatments
Platelet-rich_plasma
Scar treatment therapy
therapy for burn scar prevention and management in children: a randomized controlled trial". Clinical Rehabilitation. 34 (1): 120–131. doi:10.1177/0269215519877516
Silicone_gel_sheeting
Collection of statistical models
p 291, "Randomization models were first formulated by Neyman (1923) for the completely randomized design, by Neyman (1935) for randomized blocks, by
Analysis_of_variance
Measure of linear correlation
replacement from {1, ..., n}; Construct a correlation coefficient r from the randomized data. To perform the permutation test, repeat steps (1) and (2) a large
Pearson correlation coefficient
Pearson_correlation_coefficient
Short chains of 2–50 amino acids
effect on human blood pressure: results from a double-blind randomized controlled trial". Hypertension. 51 (2): 399–405. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA
Peptide
Alpha-adrenergic agonist
psychostimulant doses, or experience notable evening symptoms. In a randomized controlled trial of ADHD children with an incomplete response to psychostimulants
Clonidine
Sampling from a population which can be partitioned into subpopulations
Statistical benchmarking Stratified sample size Stratification (clinical trials) Botev, Z.; Ridder, A. (2017). "Variance Reduction". Wiley StatsRef: Statistics
Stratified_sampling
Secular meditation practice
however, has become substantially more rigorous, employing randomized controlled trials, active control groups, and stronger methodological standards. Some critics
Mindfulness
Process of using data analysis for predicting population data from sample data
be better than a bad randomized experiment. The statistical analysis of a randomized experiment may be based on the randomization scheme stated in the
Statistical_inference
Iron fish, heated when cooking food, used against iron deficiency
Alastair J.; Armstrong, Gavin R.; Green, Timothy J. (2017-08-14). "Randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of a reusable fish-shaped iron ingot to
Lucky_iron_fish
Form of treatment for anorexia nervosa
adapted for bulimia nervosa and showed promising results in a randomized controlled trial comparing it to supportive individual therapy. Maudsley Family
Maudsley_family_therapy
Form of longitudinal study
variables that may be at play.[citation needed] Double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are generally considered superior methodology in the hierarchy
Cohort_study
Agents that relax and loosen the bowels and stools
has been effective and safe in a randomized, controlled trial for six months. Another randomized, controlled trial found no difference between sorbitol
Laxative
Technique of newborn care
mortality, morbidity, and quality of survival LBW infants. A randomized controlled trial published in 2016 reported that babies born between 1,500 and
Kangaroo_care
Plan for research in clinical medicine
medical ethics. Randomized controlled trial Blind trial Non-blind trial Adaptive clinical trial Platform Trials Nonrandomized trial (quasi-experiment)
Clinical_study_design
Parental intervention technique
development. A randomized controlled trial conducted by Gradisar et al. (2016) in Australia compared graduated extinction and bedtime fading with a control group
Infant_sleep_training
Process of making something random
Saghaei, Mahmoud (2011). "An Overview of Randomization and Minimization Programs for Randomized Clinical Trials". Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors
Randomization
Statistical hypothesis test
100 subjects into our study, then randomly assign 50 subjects to the treatment group and 50 subjects to the control group. In this case, we have two independent
Student's_t-test
Oral hygiene instrument
Goyal, C.; Qaqish, Jimmy; Adam, Ralf (April 2020). "An 8-week randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of a novel oscillating-rotating toothbrush
Electric_toothbrush
Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity medication
glargine in improving blood sugar control and reducing body weight. In a phase III double-blind, randomized, controlled trial supported by Eli Lilly, nondiabetic
Tirzepatide
Circumcision device
ShangRing circumcisions in men and boys in Kenya: Results from a randomized controlled trial". PLOS ONE. 14 (8) e0218066. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1418066A. doi:10
ShangRing
Medication and insecticide
benzyl benzoate 25% treatment in scabies: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial". The British Journal of Dermatology. 190 (4): 486–491. doi:10
Permethrin
Technique of providing both cardiac and respiratory support
Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ECMO in respiratory failure patients. Early trials conducted
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Extracorporeal_membrane_oxygenation
Disorder causing trouble with sleeping
"Cognitive behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for insomnia: a randomized controlled trial and direct comparison". Archives of Internal Medicine. 164 (17):
Insomnia
Reporting standards for clinical trials
alleviate the problems arising from inadequate reporting of randomized controlled trials. It is part of the larger EQUATOR Network initiative to enhance
Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials
Consolidated_Standards_of_Reporting_Trials
Empirical interventional study
similarities with experiments and randomized controlled trials, but specifically lack random assignment to intervention and control conditions. Instead, quasi-experimental
Quasi-experiment
Reduced growth rate in human development
growth increased in young children in an urban slum of Haiti: a randomized controlled trial of a lipid-based nutrient supplement". The American Journal of
Stunted_growth
AI-dependent computer programming
METR, an organization that evaluates frontier models, ran a randomized controlled trial in which 16 experienced open-source developers completed 246
Vibe_coding
Pharmaceutical clinical trial
this patient population. AIM-HIGH was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
AIM-HIGH_(trial)
Traditional Chinese medicine formulation used for the treatment of influenza
treatments for purportedly helping COVID-19 sufferers. A 2020 "randomized controlled trial" of LHQW involving Zhong was also found in April 2022 to have
Lianhua_Qingwen
Vascular structures in the anal canal
intervention. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses including randomized controlled trials have reported that LHP is associated with improved perioperative
Hemorrhoid
Strategy of public safety administration
South might not increase trust in police or reduce crime. A randomized controlled trial on the effect of community policing on individual attitudes towards
Community_policing
Medication
release). 3 April 2009. Clinical trial number NCT00326807 for "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Naltrexone in the Treatment of
Naltrexone
high-dose CPA in combination with an estrogen in women. In one large randomized controlled trial that performed a direct head-to-head comparison of high-dose
Side effects of cyproterone acetate
Side_effects_of_cyproterone_acetate
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Controller of Power
Boy/Male
Hindu
Conquering, Self-controlled
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Highly Controlled
Girl/Female
British, English
Controller
Boy/Male
Muslim
Guarantor, Surety, Conquering, Self-controlled
Boy/Male
Indian
Guarantor, Surety, Conquering, Self-controlled
Boy/Male
Hindu
Controller of destiny
Boy/Male
Indian, Marathi
Controller of Power
Girl/Female
British, English, Greek
Sensible; Prudent; Self Controlled
Boy/Male
Greek, Indian, Sanskrit
Self Controlled
Boy/Male
Hindu
Controller of time
Boy/Male
Tamil
Adhikara | அதிகராÂ
Principal, Controller
Adhikara | அதிகராÂ
Boy/Male
Tamil
Bhagyanandana | பாகà¯à®¯à®¨à®‚தாநா
Controller of destiny
Bhagyanandana | பாகà¯à®¯à®¨à®‚தாநா
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian, Sanskrit
Controller of Speech
Boy/Male
Tamil
Kalanabha | கலாநாபாÂ
Controller of time
Kalanabha | கலாநாபாÂ
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Winner; Self Controller
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Controller of Destiny
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Telugu
Principal; Controller
Boy/Male
Tamil
Conquering, Self-controlled
Boy/Male
Arabic, Lebanese
Controller of Anger
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Helper; Perfect; Mountain Range
Boy/Male
British, Christian, English
Dark Water; In the Seventeenth Century; Diminutive of Douglas
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Sindhi
Sky Colour
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Chinese, Christian
A New House
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Ganesha
Girl/Female
Australian, French, German, Latin
Bright
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Dockham in Donhead St. Mary, Wiltshire, named in Old English with docce ‘dock’ (the plant) + hamm ‘enclosure’, ‘water meadow’. This surname has died out in England.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Made of Silver
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
n.
An officer appointed to keep a counter register of accounts, or to examine, rectify, or verify accounts.
a.
Not governed or controlled.
n.
One who wields or employs; a manager; a controller.
n.
Capability of being controlled.
a.
Incapable of being controlled; ungovernable; irresistible; as, an uncontrollable temper; uncontrollable events.
a.
Destitute of religion; not controlled by religious motives or principles; ungodly. Cf. Impious.
n.
One who, or that which, controls or restraines; one who has power or authority to regulate or control; one who governs.
n.
The doctrine that all things exist or are controlled by chance.
n.
Capability of being controlled; controllableness.
a.
Not subject to the laws of nature; uncontrolled.
n.
Free from restraint; uncontrolled.
a.
Controlled or oppressed by priests; as, a priest-ridden people.
n.
The office of a controller.
a.
Produced by divine grace; influenced or controlled by the divine influence; as, gracious affections.
imp. & p. p.
of Control
a.
Controlled by an evil spirit or by evil passions; wild.
a.
Controlled by, proceeding from, a sense of duty; respectful; deferential; as, dutiful affection.
a.
Not capable of being repressed, restrained, or controlled; as, irrepressible joy; an irrepressible conflict.
n.
An iron block, usually bolted to a ship's deck, for controlling the running out of a chain cable. The links of the cable tend to drop into hollows in the block, and thus hold fast until disengaged.
a.
Capable of being controlled, checked, or restrained; amenable to command.