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Biological evolution of Homo sapiens from 50,000 years ago until present
Recent human evolution refers to evolutionary adaptation, sexual and natural selection, and genetic drift within Homo sapiens populations, since their
Recent_human_evolution
portal Evolution of human intelligence Human evolution Recent human evolution Genetic history of Pleistocene humans List of human evolution fossils Human history
Timeline_of_human_evolution
Theory of early hominid migration
The recent African origin of modern humans or the "Out of Africa" theory (OOA) holds that present-day humans outside Africa descend mainly from a single
Recent African origin of modern humans
Recent_African_origin_of_modern_humans
Old Stone Age ''Homo sapiens''
Humans", The American Journal of Human Genetics 101, 578–589, October 5, 2017. Kamberov, Yana G (14 February 2013). "Modeling Recent Human Evolution in
Early_modern_human
Evolutionary process
archaic humans, indicating that their evolution was not linear but weblike. The study of the origins of humans involves several scientific disciplines
Human_evolution
Human evolution hypothesis
of human evolution. Multiregional evolution holds that the human species first arose around two million years ago and subsequent human evolution has
Multiregional origin of modern humans
Multiregional_origin_of_modern_humans
Spread of humans from Africa across the world
PMID 26500257. Kamberov, Yana G (14 February 2013). "Modeling Recent Human Evolution in Mice by Expression of a Selected EDAR Variant". Cell. 152 (4):
Early_human_migrations
Scientific view of guided evolution by God
creation but can include beliefs such as creation of the human soul. Modern theistic evolution accepts the general scientific consensus on the age of the
Theistic_evolution
Study of differences between human genomes
applications. Genetic data can provide important insights into human evolution. Biologists classify humans, along with only a few other species, as great apes (species
Human_evolutionary_genetics
2006). "Evidence for Recent Positive Selection at the Human AIM1 Locus in a European Population". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 23 (1): 179–188. doi:10
Human_skin_color
Most recent individual from which all organisms in a group are directly descended
perspective of human evolution is described for a popular audience in The Ancestor's Tale by Richard Dawkins. Dawkins lists "concestors" of the human lineage
Most_recent_common_ancestor
Study of the evolution of life
of evolution: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow. Natural selection was independently discovered as the engine of evolution by
Evolutionary_biology
Book by Gregory Cochran and Henry Harpending
The 10,000 Year Explosion: How Civilization Accelerated Human Evolution is a 2009 book by anthropologists Gregory Cochran and Henry Harpending. Starting
The_10,000_Year_Explosion
Behavioral theory
closely related fields of human behavioral ecology and cultural evolution, such explanations are predominantly focused on humans and emphasize the benefits
Costly signaling theory in evolutionary psychology
Costly_signaling_theory_in_evolutionary_psychology
Branch of psychology
Edward H.; Hammerstein, Peter (2006). "Game theory and human evolution: A critique of some recent interpretations of experimental games". Theoretical Population
Evolutionary_psychology
Similar evolution in distinct species
Parallel evolution is the similar development of a trait in distinct species that are not closely related, but share a similar original trait in response
Parallel_evolution
Totality of psychological phenomena
; Sherwood, Chet C. (2014). "Neuroscience and Human Brain Evolution". In Bruner, Emiliano (ed.). Human Paleoneurology. Springer. pp. 11–38. ISBN 978-3-319-08500-5
Mind
Non-scientific term for a transitional fossil
Haeckel, Ernst (1874). The Evolution of Man. Klein, Richard G. (2009-09-22). "Darwin and the recent African origin of modern humans". Proceedings of the National
Missing link (human evolution)
Missing_link_(human_evolution)
Evolution on a scale at or above the level of species
microevolution is evolution occurring within the population(s) of a single species. In other words, microevolution is the scale of evolution that is limited
Macroevolution
Human male external reproductive organ
Weekes-Shackelford, V. A. (2002). "Psychological adaptation to human sperm competition". Evolution and Human Behavior. 23 (2): 123–138. Bibcode:2002EHumB..23..123S
Human_penis
Mankind: Species of hominid known as Homo sapiens
Historians Research Evolution of mammals Evolution of primates Homo Early modern human Recent human evolution Human parasite Population (human biology) Regeneration
Outline_of_humans
Independent evolution of similar features
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures
Convergent_evolution
Process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species
adaptive radiation in biology and human evolution, pp. 28–32, 1994, Orion Publishing. Grant, P.R. 1999. The ecology and evolution of Darwin's Finches. Princeton
Adaptive_radiation
Species having two or more distinct forms
forms of butterflies (see mimicry), and human hemoglobin and blood types. According to the theory of evolution, polymorphism results from evolutionary
Polymorphism_(biology)
estimate for human and chimpanzee divergence time of between 9.3 and 6.5 million years ago. Studies in the 2020s suggest a more recent divergence time
Chimpanzee–human last common ancestor
Chimpanzee–human_last_common_ancestor
Theory of the "selfish gene"
The gene-centered view of evolution, also known as the selfish gene theory, holds that adaptive evolution occurs through the differential survival of
Gene-centered view of evolution
Gene-centered_view_of_evolution
Overview of and topical guide to change in the heritable characteristics of organisms
outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to evolution: In biology, evolution is change in the heritable allele frequencies of biological
Outline_of_evolution
Expected reproductive success
alleles with higher fitness more common over time, resulting in Darwinian evolution. The term "Darwinian fitness" can be used to make clear the distinction
Fitness_(biology)
Evolution-related timelines
The evolution of human intelligence is closely tied to the evolution of the human brain and to the origin of language. The timeline of human evolution spans
Evolution of human intelligence
Evolution_of_human_intelligence
Religious rejection of evolution
reject evolution), and there is very little pressure to teach it as fact. Christian fundamentalists reject the evidence of common descent of humans and other
Rejection of evolution by religious groups
Rejection_of_evolution_by_religious_groups
Idea that an animal's developmental stages resemble its evolutionary ancestors
range of embryonic changes that evolution can produce—an appreciation that has yielded spectacular results in recent years as scientists have discovered
Recapitulation_theory
Accumulation of genetic differences
populations. Divergent evolution can also result from domestication and selective breeding by humans. Divergent evolution is a type of evolution and is distinct
Divergent_evolution
Evolutionary effects of sexual selection on humans
human evolution for many years, but reasons why humans choose their mates are not fully understood. Sexual selection is quite different in non-human animals
Sexual_selection_in_humans
ambient air temperature from reaching the skin. Apparent temperature Recent human evolution Thermal comfort Longo, Dan L.; Harrison, Tinsley Randolph. Harrison's
Cold and heat adaptations in humans
Cold_and_heat_adaptations_in_humans
Evolutionary origin and subsequent development of cells
Evolution of cells refers to the evolutionary origin and subsequent evolutionary development of cells. Cells first emerged at least 3.8 billion years
Evolution_of_cells
fossils and remains relating to human evolution, beginning with the formation of the tribe Hominini (the divergence of the human and chimpanzee lineages) in
List of human evolution fossils
List_of_human_evolution_fossils
Non-technical overview of the subject of biological evolution
In biology, evolution is the process of change in all forms of life over generations, and evolutionary biology is the study of how evolution occurs. Biological
Introduction_to_evolution
Matrilineal most recent common ancestor of all living humans
In human genetics, the Mitochondrial Eve (more technically known as the Mitochondrial-Most Recent Common Ancestor, shortened to mt-Eve or mt-MRCA) is the
Mitochondrial_Eve
ancestor Gorilla–human last common ancestor Orangutan–human last common ancestor History of hominoid taxonomy List of human evolution fossils (with images)
Gibbon–human last common ancestor
Gibbon–human_last_common_ancestor
Theory in evolutionary biology
the specific mechanisms of evolution, but generally accords with Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. Recent work in developmental biology
Punctuated_equilibrium
Species of hominid in the genus Homo
"A Recent Shift from Polygyny to Monogamy in Humans is Suggested by the Analysis of Worldwide Y-Chromosome Diversity". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 57
Human
Overview of animal and human brain evolution
relatively recent evolution to Homo sapiens. A change in gene TKTL1 could be a key factor of recent brain evolution and difference of modern humans to (other)
Evolution_of_the_brain
Concept in genetics
OCLC 77574049. Miller G (2000). The Mating Mind: How Sexual Choice Shaped the Evolution of Human Nature. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-49516-1. LCCN 00022673. OCLC 43648482
Genetic_drift
Science of classifying organisms
naming, and classification of groups of organisms. As points of reference, recent definitions of taxonomy are presented below: Theory and practice of grouping
Taxonomy_(biology)
Interdisciplinary study
Evolutionary anthropology, the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of human physiology and human behaviour and of the relation between hominids and non-hominid
Evolutionary_anthropology
Model used to visualise relationship between genotypes and reproductive success
fitness values is then called a fitness landscape. The idea of studying evolution by visualizing the distribution of fitness values as a kind of landscape
Fitness_landscape
Change in allele frequencies that occurs over time within a population
observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have
Microevolution
Person or entity that exists in a state beyond being human
concerns for the evolution of humanism. Posthumans could be completely synthetic artificial intelligences, or a symbiosis of human and artificial intelligence
Posthuman
Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a proportion of a population
(2013-05-14). "The genomics of selection in dogs and the parallel evolution between dogs and humans". Nature Communications. 4: 1860. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1860W
Evolutionary_pressure
Unsolved problem in biology What selection pressures led to the evolution and maintenance of sexual reproduction? More unsolved problems in biology Sexually
Evolution of sexual reproduction
Evolution_of_sexual_reproduction
Extinct population of archaic humans
Lahr, Marta Mirazón (25 June 2021). "The complex landscape of recent human evolution". Science. 372 (6549): 1395–1396. Bibcode:2021Sci...372.1395L. doi:10
Nesher_Ramla_Homo
design (ID) has been represented as an alternative explanation to evolution in recent decades, but its "demonstrably religious, cultural, and legal missions"
Creation and evolution in public education
Creation_and_evolution_in_public_education
Study of the evolution of nervous systems
neuroscience is the scientific study of the evolution of nervous systems. Evolutionary neuroscientists investigate the evolution and natural history of nervous system
Evolutionary_neuroscience
The evolution of mammals has passed through many stages since the first appearance of their synapsid ancestors in the Pennsylvanian sub-period of the
Evolution_of_mammals
Set of theoretical concepts concerning evolutionary biology
framework of how evolution is considered throughout the biological disciplines. In 2022, the John Templeton Foundation published a review of recent literature
Extended evolutionary synthesis
Extended_evolutionary_synthesis
Evolutionary psychology theories
(2009). "Ecological influences on human behavioural diversity: A review of recent findings". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 24 (11): 618–24. Bibcode:2009TEcoE
Evolutionary_aesthetics
Discussion of the meaning and usage of the terms evolution, fact and theory
"settled beyond dispute" for organic evolution and applied it to the evolution of star systems, geology and human society. Even Spencer by 1865 was admitting
Evolution_as_fact_and_theory
Difference in DNA among individuals or populations
virus evolution. Genetic recombination also has been shown to play a key role in generating the genetic variation that underlies RNA virus evolution. Numerous
Genetic_variation
Evolutionary process
Sloan Wilson, who made a more extended argument in their recent book Unto Others : The Evolution and Psychology of Unselfish Behavior" Dennett, Daniel C
Speciation
Variation in support for the theory of evolution
that "Nearly all scientists (97%) say humans and other living things have evolved over time – 87% say evolution is due to natural processes, such as natural
Level of support for evolution
Level_of_support_for_evolution
Branching diagram of evolutionary relationships between organisms
phylogenetic tree, each node with descendants represents the inferred most recent common ancestor of those descendants, and the edge lengths in some trees
Phylogenetic_tree
understanding of the theory of evolution, seeing humans as descending from certain mammals. These include the Malagasy people, who see humans as descending from indri;
History of evolutionary thought
History_of_evolutionary_thought
Sociobiological approaches to linguistics
Linguistics' often being equated. It is hypothesised that the evolution of the animal brain provides humans with a mechanism of abstract reasoning which is a 'metaphorical'
Evolutionary_linguistics
Human hair color
Shilin; Tang, Kun; Chen, Hua; Powell, Adam (2013-02-14). "Modeling recent human evolution in mice by expression of a selected EDAR variant". Cell. 152 (4):
Black_hair
French naturalist (1744–1829)
academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws. Lamarck fought
Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck
Origin and diversification of reptiles through geologic time
species to go extinct in recent times. Because of alien species out-competing them for food and the inability to escape from humans, there are many endangered
Evolution_of_reptiles
Pope Pius XII first mentioned evolution directly and officially. It allowed one to enquire into the concept of humans coming from pre-existing living
Objections_to_evolution
Groups of organisms acting for mutual benefit
In evolution, cooperation is the process where groups of organisms work or act together for common or mutual benefits. It is commonly defined as any adaptation
Cooperation_(evolution)
British physical anthropologist (b. 1947)
CBE FRS is a British physical anthropologist noted for his work on human evolution. Growing up in a working-class family in the East End of London, Stringer
Chris_Stringer
Evolution where transitional forms are particularly unstable and do not last long
Evolution. 16 (3): 257–271. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1962.tb03218.x. S2CID 88311196. Gottlieb, L.D. (2003). "Rethinking classic examples of recent speciation
Quantum_evolution
Current geological epoch
the present. The human impact on modern-era Earth and its ecosystems may be considered of global significance for the future evolution of living species
Holocene
Subfield of genetics
variation can impose biases on the course of evolution. Mutation plays a key role in other classical and recent theories including Muller's ratchet, subfunctionalization
Population_genetics
Breeding for desired characteristics
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular
Selective_breeding
Genus of hominins
C.B. (1994). "Evolution of early humans". In Jones, S.; Martin, R.; Pilbeam, D. (eds.). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge
Homo
Theories on the development of personality
evolution resulted in variations of the human mind. Natural selection refined these variations based on their beneficence to humans. Due to human complexity
Personality_development
Total number of genetic characteristics in a species
hypotheses and theories regarding genetic diversity. The neutral theory of evolution proposes that diversity is the result of the accumulation of neutral substitutions
Genetic_diversity
Evolutionary process
an adaptation can only be determined after the event. Adaptive evolution in the human genome Adaptive memory Adaptive mutation Adaptive system Anti-predator
Adaptation
Decrease in genetic traits deemed desirable
disorders List of biological development disorders Recent human evolution – Biological evolution of Homo sapiens from 50,000 years ago until present
Dysgenics
"Bipedality and hair loss in human evolution revisited: The impact of altitude and activity scheduling". Journal of Human Evolution. 94: 72–82. Bibcode:2016JHumE
Prehistory of nakedness and clothing
Prehistory_of_nakedness_and_clothing
Practical application of biological evolution
application of evolution is artificial selection, which is the intentional selection of certain traits in a population of organisms. Humans have used artificial
Applications_of_evolution
Study of changes in DNA and RNA over time
cytochrome c, but hemoglobins from humans, mice, etc. do have comparable rates of evolution), although rapid evolution along one branch can indicate increased
Molecular_evolution
20th-century rise in intelligence test scores
inflation Environment and intelligence Gene–environment correlation Recent human evolution Trahan, Lisa H.; Stuebing, Karla K.; Fletcher, Jack M.; Hiscock
Flynn_effect
Evolution of characters at various rates both within and between species
mosaic evolution within the canine teeth found in early hominin. Reduction of canine sizes are seen as an authentication mark of human ancestor evolution. However
Mosaic_evolution
Interaction of biology and evolution
Ecology (journal) Morozov, Andrew (2013-12-06). "Modelling biological evolution: recent progress, current challenges and future direction". Interface Focus
Evolutionary_ecology
Monophyletic closure of a set of living species
representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of
Crown_group
Transition of human species to anthropologically modern behavior
to Neanderthals, Denisovans, and other archaic humans. There are many other hypotheses on the evolution of behavioral modernity. These approaches tend
Behavioral_modernity
Rejection of evolution by religious groups, sometimes called creation–evolution controversy, has a long history. In response to theories developed by scientists
History of the creation–evolution controversy
History_of_the_creation–evolution_controversy
adaptations became prevalent in the past 3,000 years, an example of rapid recent human evolution. At the turn of the 21st century, it was reported that the genetic
High-altitude adaptation in humans
High-altitude_adaptation_in_humans
Inability to digest lactose
weaning. Lactose intolerance is the ancestral state of all humans before the recent evolution of lactase persistence in some populations, which extends
Lactose_intolerance
Primates portal Evolution portal History of hominoid taxonomy Gibbon–human last common ancestor Gorilla–human last common ancestor Chimpanzee–human last common
Orangutan–human last common ancestor
Orangutan–human_last_common_ancestor
evolution in the human genome, but simply shows that positive selection is not frequent enough to be detected by the tests. In fact, the most recent study
Adaptive evolution in the human genome
Adaptive_evolution_in_the_human_genome
American psychologist
into two languages David P. Barash. The Whisperings Within: evolution and the origin of human nature Harper & Row, 1979; Penguin, 1980; translated into
David_P._Barash
Termination of a species' lineage
include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, and mammoths. Through evolution, species arise through the process of speciation. Species become extinct
Extinction
Technique to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged
Darwin Gene orders Human mitochondrial molecular clock Mitochondrial Eve and Y-chromosomal Adam Models of DNA evolution Molecular evolution Neutral theory
Molecular_clock
Study of evolution on morality or ethics
biological approaches to morality based on the alleged role of evolution in shaping human psychology and behavior. Such approaches may be based in scientific
Evolutionary_ethics
Gibbon–human last common ancestor History of hominoid taxonomy List of human evolution fossils (with images) Orangutan–human last common ancestor v t e
Gorilla–human last common ancestor
Gorilla–human_last_common_ancestor
Possible shape of human incisor teeth
J, Gerbault P, Wark A, Tan L, et al. (February 2013). "Modeling recent human evolution in mice by expression of a selected EDAR variant". Cell. 152 (4):
Shovel-shaped_incisors
evolutionary psychologists and evolutionary psychiatrists to use the theory of evolution to further understand mood disorders. Depression is generally thought
Evolutionary approaches to depression
Evolutionary_approaches_to_depression
Form of speciation involving hybridization between two different species
PMID 21236911. Holliday T. W. (2003). "Species concepts, reticulations, and human evolution". Current Anthropology. 44 (5): 653–673. doi:10.1086/377663. S2CID 85569586
Hybrid_speciation
18th and 19th-century evolutionary ideas
18th century ideas of Deism and human progress. Opposition in the scientific community to these early theories of evolution, led by influential scientists
Transmutation_of_species
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RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
RECENT HUMAN-EVOLUTION
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