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Approach to managing resources by tying them to object lifetime
Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) is a programming idiom used in several object-oriented, statically typed programming languages to describe
Resource acquisition is initialization
Resource_acquisition_is_initialization
Computer memory management methodology
correctness advantage, which is that it allows automatic resource management via the resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) paradigm. This arises
Manual_memory_management
In programming, a special method executed during object destruction
reference counting is used (decrement reference counts); to release resources, particularly in the resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) idiom; or
Finalizer
Software design pattern in which resources held by objects can be explicitly released
during object destruction. This approach is known as the Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) idiom, and is used in languages with deterministic
Dispose_pattern
Function called at the end of an object's lifetime
may keep references to it. Destructors are necessary in resource acquisition is initialization (RAII). With most kinds of automatic garbage collection
Destructor (computer programming)
Destructor_(computer_programming)
Topics referred to by the same term
Constructor Acquires Destructor Releases, alternate name for Resource Acquisition Is Initialization programming idiom The Cadre (newspaper), the student-run
Cadre
Techniques used by computers to manage components with limited availability
destruction (specifically finalization). This is known as Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII), and ties resource management to object lifetime, ensuring
Resource management (computing)
Resource_management_(computing)
Rules of thumb in C++
An amendment to this rule is that if the class is designed in such a way that resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) is used for all its (nontrivial)
Rule of three (C++ programming)
Rule_of_three_(C++_programming)
Lifetime of a computer software object
piggyback resource management. This is called the Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) idiom. Resources are acquired during initialization, and released
Object_lifetime
Computer operating system command
close when the program terminates. This practice is known as resource acquisition is initialization (RAII). Some operating systems will invoke close on
Close_(system_call)
General-purpose programming language
encloses a code block within a context manager, allowing resource-acquisition-is-initialization (RAII)-like behavior and replacing a common try/finally
Python_(programming_language)
Special function called to create an object
by using the delete operator. By using the "Resource Acquisition is Initialization" (RAII) idiom, resource management can be greatly simplified. Constructors
Constructor (object-oriented programming)
Constructor_(object-oriented_programming)
Topics referred to by the same term
known as the Royal Institute of International Affairs; Resource initialization is acquisition, concept from computer science rIIA the A cistron of the
RIIA
General-purpose programming language
Memory and other resources are instead managed through the "resource acquisition is initialization" convention, with optional reference counting. Rust provides
Rust_(programming_language)
Set of rules defining correctly structured C++ program
duration objects are initialized in two phases. First, "static initialization" is performed, and only after all static initialization is performed, "dynamic
C++_syntax
When a computer program fails to release unnecessary memory
which can trigger a leak. Such a sequence is known as an exploit. Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) is an approach to the problem commonly taken
Memory_leak
Keywords provided by a programming language
previously caught by a catch block before } } In C++, a resource acquisition is initialization technique can be used to clean up resources in exceptional
Exception_handling_syntax
C++ programming keywords for dynamic memory allocation
Exception handling Memory pool Pointer (computer programming) Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) Smart pointers Placement syntax Savitch, Walter (2013)
New_and_delete_(C++)
Topics referred to by the same term
Improvement Financing (U.S.A.) Resource Release Is Finalization, an alternate name for the Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) programming idiom This
RRIF
History of the Python programming language
block of code is run and releasing the lock afterwards, or opening a file and then closing it), allowing resource acquisition is initialization (RAII)-like
History_of_Python
Local variable in computer programming
manage resource allocation and deallocation, like opening and then automatically closing files or freeing up memory, called Resource Acquisition Is Initialization
Automatic_variable
Software library for programming
already locked mutex. The new interface effectively utilizes resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) in the new org::posix::ThreadMutex and org::posix::ThreadLock
Wrapper_library
Comparison between two programming languages
programming, exception handling, lifetime-based resource management (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII)), generic programming, template metaprogramming
Comparison_of_Java_and_C++
Pointer that does not point to a valid object
necessary initialization prior to first use. Thus, strictly speaking, every pointer in programming languages which do not enforce initialization begins as
Dangling_pointer
Reusable solution template to a commonly-needed software behavior
behavior in software. A design pattern is not a rigid structure to be copied directly into source code. Rather, it is a description of and a template for
Software_design_pattern
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs for the Rust programming language
Memory and other resources are instead managed through the "resource acquisition is initialization" convention, with optional reference counting. Rust provides
Rust_syntax
Computer programming concept
does not provide this construct, recommending instead the resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) technique which frees resources using destructors
Exception handling (programming)
Exception_handling_(programming)
Programming paradigm based on block-based control flow
block; it is often implemented in connection with exception handling as a try-finally. An alternative approach, in C++, is resource acquisition is initialization
Structured_programming
Form of automatic memory management
abstract away manual object destructions in C++ by using the "resource acquisition is initialization" (RAII) idiom and smart pointers. std::unique_ptr ties lifetimes
Garbage collection (computer science)
Garbage_collection_(computer_science)
Service RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAII—Resource Acquisition Is Initialization RAIT—Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes RAM—Random-access
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
2011 edition of the C++ programming language standard
are added to the library. These are accessible via Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) locks (std::lock_guard and std::unique_lock) and
C++11
Type of data structure
the existing collection types in C++ automatically use "resource acquisition is initialization" (RAII), and will automatically de-allocate once going out
Variable-length_array
Data type simulating a pointer with additional features
science) Boost (C++ libraries) Automatic Reference Counting Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) Garbage collection in computer programming Kline
Smart_pointer
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs
resource management similar to using-with-resource blocks in C# or try-with-resources blocks in Java, or C++ resource acquisition is initialization,
JavaScript_syntax
General purpose C++ library
porting issues of fundamental types, etc. Memory management – Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII), smart pointers, reference counting garbage collection
POCO_C++_Libraries
Processes through which companies combine or transfer ownership
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are business transactions where the ownership of a company, business organization, or one of their operating units is transferred
Mergers_and_acquisitions
Philippine News Agency. Resource, Philippine Defense. "Light Tank Acquisition Project of the Philippine Army". Philippine Defense Resource. Retrieved 2026-06-07
List of equipment of the Philippine Army
List_of_equipment_of_the_Philippine_Army
Canadian energy company
as a royalty trust with the acquisition of 21 properties from Mobil Oil Canada. The acquisition was funded by an initial IPO of $180 million on the Toronto
ARC_Resources
The Adecco Group North America, based in Jacksonville, Florida, provides professional recruiting, staffing, consulting and business services to various
Adecco_Group_North_America
Philippine law
Retrieved April 22, 2025. "Light Tank Acquisition Project of the Philippine Army". Philippine Defense Resource. June 23, 2019. Archived from the original
AFP_Modernization_Act
Former American multinational technology company
cloud-computing venture specializing in human resource software. The merger was completed on April 1, 2020. The company is named Ultimate Kronos Group. Ultimate
Ultimate_Software
American technology company
(2013–present) "Thoma Bravo Completes Acquisition of Dayforce". Dayforce. Retrieved September 29, 2026. "Thoma Bravo Completes Acquisition of Dayforce". Thomabravo
Dayforce
Defunct U.S. energy company
Exchange Commission. Reporter-Telegram, Midland (2020-10-20). "Conoco CEO: Acquisition is 'marriage of two great companies'". Midland Reporter-Telegram. Retrieved
Concho_Resources
Software product
and knowledge sharing. YouCalc – On October 17, 2010, it announced its acquisition of this Denmark-based SaaS service. On October 18, 2010, SuccessFactors
SAP_SuccessFactors
Grouping of resources
In resource management, pooling is the grouping together of resources (assets, equipment, personnel, effort, etc.) for the purposes of maximizing advantage
Pooling_(resource_management)
U.S. software company
distribution, retail and services industries. Epicor provides enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), supply chain management
Epicor
American producer of zinc and related materials
Horsehead Holding Corporation, formerly The New Jersey Zinc Company, was an American producer of zinc and related materials based in Pittsburgh. The operations
Horsehead_Corporation
Former energy company; acquired by Encana
August 3, 2016. "Encana completes acquisition of Newfield Exploration to create North America's premier resource company". Globe Newswire (Press release)
Newfield_Exploration
American cloud based enterprise software company
Illinois, New York, and abroad. NetSuite Next is an update to Oracle NetSuite’s enterprise resource planning (ERP) platform that introduces embedded
NetSuite
Japanese petroleum company, 1985 to 2018
the U.S., the Middle East, and Asia, as well as Japan. Solar Frontier K.K. is providing a wide range of services from plant engineering to plant operation
Showa_Shell_Sekiyu
Software creational design pattern
again. The following Go code initializes a resource pool of a specified size (concurrent initialization) to avoid resource race issues through channels
Object_pool_pattern
American business management scholar, consultant, academic and author
studying strategic entrepreneurship, mergers and acquisitions, international business strategy and resource orchestration. Hitt has researched strategic entrepreneurship
Michael_A._Hitt
"Mortar Acquisition Project Lot 2 - 81mm Mortar of the Philippine Navy (Marines)". Philippine Defense Resource. 2019-08-02. "Mortar Acquisition Project
List of equipment of the Philippine Marine Corps
List_of_equipment_of_the_Philippine_Marine_Corps
American financial and corporate software company
Aneel Bhusri following Oracle's acquisition of that company in 2005. In October 2012, Workday completed its initial public offering (IPO), which valued
Workday,_Inc.
Renewable energy company
operating assets to Pattern Energy Group Inc. following that company's initial public offering (IPO). The development assets of Pattern Energy were retained
Pattern_Energy
American energy company
Childers awarded for service, innovation HBJ 2006 EOY "Ensco plc Completes Acquisition of Atwood Oceanics" (Press release). Business Wire. October 6, 2017.
Atwood_Oceanics
Workforce management software and services company
checks, to properly pay their employees. Kronos conducted a number of acquisitions while in operation. The company acquired the Workforce Solutions software
Kronos_Incorporated
American employment services company
testing products. In 2005, the company realized its initial public offering followed by the acquisition of BrassRing LLC, Gantz Wiley Research, Knowledge
Kenexa
American energy Company
133,199 net acres. On December 15, 2025, Crescent Energy completed its acquisition of Vital Enerny. Founded in 2006 by Randy A. Foutch, the company acquired
Vital_Energy
Jersey-headquartered mining company
This article about the Bailiwick of Jersey is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.
Randgold_Resources
Manufacturing software company
The company’s product portfolio is organized around three areas. QAD Adaptive ERP is its cloud-based enterprise resource planning suite for manufacturers
QAD_Redzone
Canadian oil sands production company
9 billion in a cash-and-stock deal, two months after rejecting a hostile acquisition offer from rival Strathcona Resources for $6bn. On November 13, Cenovus
MEG_Energy
American private space company
exploration and in-situ resource utilization for both the moon and deep-space and had been contracted by NASA shortly before this acquisition to research materials
Voyager_Technologies
Former U.S. energy company
the company acquired Rosetta Resources in a stock transaction. The acquisition gave the company acreage in the Eagle Ford Group. In September 2015,
Noble_Energy
American aluminium producer
weddings or Christmas. Reynolds Consumer Products went public with an initial public offering on NASDAQ under the ticker symbol REYN on Friday, January
Reynolds_Group_Holdings
Efficiency of energy transfer from one trophic level to next
determined by a combination of efficiencies relating to organismic resource acquisition and assimilation in an ecosystem. Primary production occurs in autotrophic
Ecological_efficiency
Pakistani venture capital firm
TRG Pakistan Limited, originally The Resource Group, is a Pakistani venture capital and investment holding company that specialises in investments in business
TRG_Pakistan
released financial details for most of these mergers and acquisitions. Since Microsoft's first acquisition in 1986, it has purchased an average of six companies
List of mergers and acquisitions by Microsoft
List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Microsoft
Canadian software company
policies, particularly neutral point of view. See our advice if the article is about you and read our scam warning in case someone asks for money to edit
Halogen_Software
American automotive parts company
More acquisitions followed. On October 28, 2005, Tenneco Automotive was renamed as Tenneco. On October 1, 2018, Tenneco completed its acquisition of Federal-Mogul
Tenneco
Indonesian businessman
leader on CSR Community 2018. This is an award organised by TOP Business. In 2022, GEAR completed the acquisition of an 80% stake in coal miner BHP Mitsui
Fuganto_Widjaja
American customer and employee experience management company
for customer service teams, for approximately $100 million. Another acquisition followed in March 2021 with the purchase of Decibel, a London-based digital
Medallia
American energy company (1959–2019)
14th best of 92 oil, gas, and mining companies on indigenous rights and resource extraction in the Arctic by the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
Anadarko_Petroleum
American solar energy company
2025, it was announced that Solaris Assets LLC had completed the firm's acquisition. The company's Chapter 11 bankruptcy plan was approved by a U.S. bankruptcy
Sunnova
Abbreviation consisting of initial letters of a phrase
An acronym is an abbreviation formed using the initial letters of a multi-word name or phrase. Acronyms are often spelled with the initial letter of each
Acronym
American business process outsourcing company
contact-centre services, digital customer acquisition, and customer engagement technology. ibex was developed within The Resource Group, a venture capital and investment
Ibex_Global
Energy company of India in Mauritius
the London Stock Exchange in April 2010, marking the exchange's largest initial public offering since December 2007. The company was added to the FTSE
Essar_Energy
Information Technology and consulting company based in Chicago, Illinois
is an American information technology and consulting company that provides cloud-based systems, outsourcing and consultancy related to human resource
Alight_Solutions
American multinational corporation
who was then succeeded in 2016 by Mary McDowell following Polycom's acquisition by Siris Capital Group. In 2015, Polycom cut 15% of its workforce after
Poly_Inc.
German oil and gas producer, 1894–2019
will convert into ordinary shares of the company on 1 May 2022 or upon an initial public offering, whichever comes earlier. Wintershall had production locations
Wintershall
Canadian company
royalty acquisition, and acquired or created additional royalties and resource investments from 1986 to 2002. Following several royalty acquisitions in the
Franco-Nevada
Italian utilities company established in 2017
solutions for physical and digital payment services. In the same period, the acquisition of Paytipper S.p.A. and Cityposte Payment was completed. In 2022, Enel
Enel_X
American cloud-based professional employer organization
Little Bird HR is a professional employer organization based in New York City. On February 15, 2022, Trinet closed its acquisition of Zenefits. In the
TriNet
American manufacturing company
company on May 5, 2017. On August 1, 2022, Saudi Aramco announced the acquisition of Valvoline's lubricant unit for US$2.65 billion. On August 24, 2026
Valvoline
the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City. Last name initial A B C D E F G H–N (next page) "Names on the 9/11 Memorial". National September
List of victims of the September 11 attacks (A–G)
List_of_victims_of_the_September_11_attacks_(A–G)
Operator of semi-submersible oil platforms and underwater drillships and based in Athens
December 29, 2017. Blum, Jordan (December 5, 2018). "Transocean closes Ocean Rig acquisition". Houston Chronicle. Norway portal Energy portal v t e
Ocean_Rig
Packaging and Logistics Firm
3 fulfillment centers, 8 packaging and supply centers, 2 training and resource centers, and 1 technical center. List of Illinois companies "Packaging
Packaging Corporation of America
Packaging_Corporation_of_America
Australian professional services company
and marine systems projects. The acquisition of Westmar in 2008, a Canadian-based marine and port facility, resource and mining infrastructure, bulk material
Worley_(company)
American open source software company
several proprietary software products through corporate mergers and acquisitions, and has released such software under open source licenses. In 2025,
Red_Hat
Spanish technology company
Holded is a Spanish technology company that develops cloud-based business management software, enterprise resource planning (ERP), for small and medium-sized
Holded
American software company
company, Anysphere, expected to close in the third quarter of 2026. The acquisition closed on August 14, 2026. Under the merger agreement, outstanding Anysphere
Cursor_(company)
Canadian waste management company
over 1,000 collection trucks at the time of the acquisition. In July 2021, GFL created the Resource Recovery Alliance (RRA) in response to the Government
GFL_Environmental
Variable used in a concurrent system
In computer science, a semaphore is a synchronization device used to control access to a common resource by multiple threads or processes in a concurrent
Semaphore_(programming)
American infrastructure services corporation
the attempted acquisition. In October 2001, the two companies entered into a standstill agreement, effectively halting further acquisition efforts. The
Quanta_Services
Former American software company
Edwards, abbreviated JDE, was an enterprise resource planning (ERP) software company, whose namesake ERP system is still sold under ownership by Oracle Corporation
JD_Edwards
American solar energy company
billion in debt by the time of its acquisition in 2016 (equivalent to $2 billion in 2025). Prior to its acquisition by Tesla, the two companies had a co-marketing
SolarCity
Waste management company
firm completes Biffa acquisition". Resource.co. Retrieved 30 July 2025. "How a fifth of all recycling sent to one north London plant is just burnt, fuelling
Biffa
Former Australian waste disposal company
Environmental Solutions (2006). Initial Submission to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into Waste Generation and Resource Efficiency (PDF) (Report). Productivity
WSN_Environmental_Solutions
Former American healthcare technology company
physicians in San Francisco. in February 1998, the company announced the acquisition of ActaMed, a medical-records clearinghouse for doctors and insurers
Healtheon
Large energy company in the U.S.
In January 2026, Constellation Energy announced it had completed its acquisition of Calpine for $16.4 billion and that Calpine would become a business
Calpine
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance