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27 BC–476/1453 AD state and civilization
about Roman Empire Online books Resources in your library Resources in other libraries BBC: What the Romans Did for Us Roman Archaeological Sites Roman-Empire
Roman_Empire
European political entity (800/962–1806)
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity comprising and controlling much of Central Europe
Holy_Roman_Empire
Western half of the Roman Empire (395–476)
and Eastern Roman Empire were coined in modern times to describe political entities that were de facto independent; contemporary Romans did not consider
Western_Roman_Empire
Loss of political control in antiquity
Western Roman Empire, also called the fall of the Roman Empire or the fall of Rome, was the loss of central political control in the Western Roman Empire, a
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
its citizens used the term 'Roman Empire' and called themselves 'Romans'. During the early centuries of the Roman Empire, the western provinces were Latinised
Byzantine_Empire
Romans. The Romansh people of Switzerland however, identify as Romans, and similar subnational "Roman" identity exists in the case of Romagnol. Roman
Succession of the Roman Empire
Succession_of_the_Roman_Empire
Ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 800 to 1806
The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Latin: Imperator Romanorum; German: Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages
Holy_Roman_Emperor
The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of ancient Rome from the traditional end of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of Romulus
History_of_the_Roman_Empire
Ruler of the Roman Empire
The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman Empire, starting with the granting of the title augustus to Octavian in 27 BC. The title of imperator, originally
Roman_emperor
Political boundaries between the Roman Empire and neighboring territories
The borders of the Roman Empire, which fluctuated throughout the empire's history, were realised as a combination of military roads and linked forts, natural
Borders_of_the_Roman_Empire
Frankish empire in Europe (800–887)
sive Francorum imperium 'empire of the Romans or Franks'—sometimes with Romanum 'Roman' replacing Romanorum 'of the Romans' and atque 'and' replacing
Carolingian_Empire
The legacy of the Roman Empire has been varied and significant. The Roman Empire, built upon the legacy of other cultures, has had long-lasting influence
Legacy_of_the_Roman_Empire
Historical states Roman Kingdom, 753–509 BC Roman Republic, 509–44 BC Roman Empire, 27 BC – AD 395 Western Roman Empire, 286–476 Kingdom of Italy, 476–493
History_of_Rome
Citizens of ancient Rome
Romans ruled large parts of Europe, the Near East, and North Africa through conquests made during the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire.
Roman_people
recognized the Romanitas of the Holy Roman Empire, referring to the Holy Roman Emperors as the "August Emperor of the Romans."[page needed] Imperial authority
Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire
Dissolution_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
the Western Roman Empire The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Last of the Romans Late Roman army Legacy of the Roman Empire List of Byzantine
Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire
Historiography_of_the_fall_of_the_Western_Roman_Empire
1776–1789 work of history by Edward Gibbon
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, sometimes shortened to Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, is a six-volume work by the English historian
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
The_History_of_the_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire
dominant languages of the Roman Empire, but other languages were regionally important. Latin was the original language of the Romans and remained the language
Languages_of_the_Roman_Empire
Early Christians were heavily persecuted throughout the Roman Empire until the early 4th century. Although Christianity initially emerged as a small Jewish
Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire
Persecution_of_Christians_in_the_Roman_Empire
This list of states in the Holy Roman Empire includes any territory ruled by an authority that had been granted imperial immediacy, as well as many other
List of states in the Holy Roman Empire
List_of_states_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
The history of the Jews in the Roman Empire traces the interaction of Jews and Romans during the period of the Roman Empire (27 BC – 476 AD). A Jewish diaspora
History of the Jews in the Roman Empire
History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Roman_Empire
British TV sitcom, BBC 2007
Roman's Empire is a British television comedy programme starring Mathew Horne, Neil Dudgeon, Chris O'Dowd, Montserrat Lombard and Sarah Solemani. Written
Roman's_Empire
Ancient Roman administrative regions
that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as governor.[better source needed]
Roman_province
Title used by medieval and early modern German monarchs
Roman Empire portal List of German monarchs, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire and Germany, including those using titles other than "King of the Romans"
King_of_the_Romans
The Roman Empire's population has been estimated at between 59 and 76 million in the 1st and 2nd centuries, likely peaking just before the Antonine Plague
Demography of the Roman Empire
Demography_of_the_Roman_Empire
end of the Empire, the standard imperial formula of the Byzantine ruler was "[Emperor's name] in Christ, Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans" (cf. Ῥωμαῖοι
List_of_Byzantine_emperors
Frontier and border defences of the Roman Empire
greatest extent of the Roman Empire, the southern border lay along the deserts of Arabia in the Middle East (see History of the Romans in Arabia) and the
Limes_(Roman_Empire)
284 to 641 in the history of the Roman Empire
historiography, the late or later Roman Empire, traditionally covering the period from 284 CE to 641 CE, refers to the Roman Empire's history during the era of
Later_Roman_Empire
Roman social class and military rank
the myriad of societal catastrophes nearly led to the collapse of the Roman Empire. The accession of Diocletian and his subsequent reforms ended the continual
Domesticus_(Roman_Empire)
Breakaway state of the Roman Empire (260–274)
Gallic Empire or Gallic Roman Empire are names used in modern historiography for a breakaway Western European part of the Roman Empire that functioned
Gallic_Empire
Period in Europe with mass population movements, 4th – 6th century AD
Western Roman Empire was a result of an increase in migrations, or if both the breakdown of central power and the increased importance of non-Romans created
Migration_Period
1964 film by Anthony Mann
The Fall of the Roman Empire is a 1964 American epic historical drama film directed by Anthony Mann and produced by Samuel Bronston, with a screenplay
The Fall of the Roman Empire (film)
The_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire_(film)
People of the Byzantine Empire
East Romans (Ancient Greek: Ῥωμαῖοι, romanized: Rōmaîoi) were the Byzantine Empire's main inhabitants. They understood their identity as Roman, within
Byzantines
Area of study on conversion to Christianity
Western Empire (440–61), Leo "ensured that the 'Romans of Rome' should have a say in the religious life of the City". The Western Roman Empire declined
Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire
Historiography_of_the_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire
Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 to 1519
Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death in 1519. He was never crowned
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Roman religion. Inscriptions throughout the Empire record the side-by-side worship of local and Roman deities, including dedications made by Romans to
Religion_in_ancient_Rome
Period of Roman history (c. 509 – 27 BC)
280 BC. The Romans were defeated at Heraclea, as their cavalry were afraid of Pyrrhus's elephants. Pyrrhus then marched on Rome, but the Romans concluded
Roman_Republic
Topics referred to by the same term
up Roman Empire in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The Roman Empire usually refers to the post-republican, autocratic government period of Roman civilization
Roman_Empire_(disambiguation)
Roman civilisation from the 8th century BC to the 5th century AD
Romans, from the lower classes to the upper classes. Another garment that was popular among the Romans in the later years of the Western Roman Empire
Ancient_Rome
between the Roman and Bulgarian Empires, and suffered from invasions by Slavic tribes and Normans. Crete and Cyprus were contested between the Romans and Arabs
Greece_in_the_Roman_era
Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 to 1556
rising House of Habsburg. His dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Germany to northern Italy with rule over the Austrian
Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Constantinople in 381, Nicene Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Theodosius I, emperor of the East, Gratian, emperor of the West
Christianity as the Roman state religion
Christianity_as_the_Roman_state_religion
elections in the Holy Roman Empire. Entries in italics are for elections where the claim of the man elected to be King of the Romans was disputed. His cousin
List of royal and imperial elections in the Holy Roman Empire
List_of_royal_and_imperial_elections_in_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
dynasties that ruled the Roman Empire and its two succeeding counterparts, the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. Dynasties of states that
List_of_Roman_dynasties
Wives of Holy Roman Emperors
The Holy Roman Empress or Empress of the Holy Roman Empire (Kaiserin des Heiligen Römischen Reiches) was the wife or widow of the Holy Roman Emperor.
List_of_Holy_Roman_empresses
practice abhorrent to the Romans. Pliny the Elder (23–79 AD) wrote "It is beyond calculation how great is the debt owed to the Romans, who swept away the monstrous
Religious persecution in the Roman Empire
Religious_persecution_in_the_Roman_Empire
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
period with the Romans (by this time the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire) engaged in just two brief wars with the Sasanian Empire, the first in 421–422
Sasanian_Empire
Imperial banners used by Holy Roman Emperor
The flag of the Holy Roman Empire was not a national flag, but rather an imperial banner used by the Holy Roman Emperor; black and gold were used as the
Flags of the Holy Roman Empire
Flags_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
Historical relationship between the Roman and Iranian empires
western Parthia as a client state of the Romans. Trajan originally planned to annex Parthia as part of the Roman Empire, but ultimately decided instead to place
Roman–Iranian_relations
Technological accomplishments of the ancient Roman civilization
materials, which Romans experimented with in the creation of building materials, particularly cements and mortars. Along with concrete, the Romans used stone
Ancient_Roman_technology
Rome–related articles History of the Roman Empire List of Roman emperors Outline of ancient Rome Outline of the Byzantine Empire Livy, Ab urbe condita, 1:10 Forsythe
Timeline_of_Roman_history
Historical contact between the Romans and Germanic tribes
tribes. Germanic tribes who fought against the Romans seized weapons and armor as war spoils. The Romans probably influenced Germanic military tactics
Germanic–Roman_contacts
list of cities and towns founded by the Romans. It lists cities established and built by the ancient Romans to have begun as a colony, often for the
List of cities founded by the Romans
List_of_cities_founded_by_the_Romans
Extinct nomadic people in Eurasia (4th–6th centuries)
into the Eastern Roman Empire. In 451, they invaded the Western Roman province of Gaul, where they fought a combined army of Romans and Visigoths at the
Huns
Economy of ancient Rome
Prices in the Early Roman Empire," in The Monetary Systems of the Greeks and Romans, in The Monetary Systems of the Greeks and Romans (Oxford University
Roman_economy
Regional imperial polities since antiquity
the Romans would soon realize this. The Romans sent a delegation to ask for Persian withdrawal, noting the past defeats of the Parthians by the Romans as
Middle_Eastern_empires
Bilateral international relationship
Sino-Roman relations c. 1st century BC – 1453 Between the Roman Empire and the Han dynasty, as well as between the later Eastern Roman Empire and various
Sino-Roman_relations
Historical political institution in ancient Rome
The Senate of the Roman Empire was a political institution in the ancient Roman Empire. After the fall of the Roman Republic, the constitutional balance
Senate_of_the_Roman_Empire
Historical periods with no emperor
history of the Holy Roman Empire, when there was no emperor. Interregna in which there was no emperor-elect (King of the Romans) were rarer. Among the
Interregnum (Holy Roman Empire)
Interregnum_(Holy_Roman_Empire)
might become slaves, including freeborn Romans. Slavery was practiced within all communities of the Roman Empire, including among Jews and Christians. Even
Slavery_in_ancient_Rome
Members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
the Holy Roman Empire. From the 13th century onwards, a small group of prince-electors gained the privilege of electing the King of the Romans. The king
Prince-elector
Crusader state that replaced the Byzantine Empire from 1204–1261
'land of the Romans' or Romanorum 'the Romans'. It is probably more likely that he meant Romanorum. Baldwin's successor Henry called the empire imperium Romanum
Latin_Empire
American drama series
Roman Empire is a television docudrama based on historical events of the Roman Empire. The show is in the anthology format with each season presenting
Roman_Empire_(TV_series)
Peoples and cities bound by a treaty, typically with ancient Rome
of Romanity led to the Social War between the Romans, with a few close allies, and the disaffected socii. A law of 90 BC (Lex Julia) offered Roman citizenship
Foederati
Britain under Roman rule (43 AD – c. 410 AD)
Atrebates. The Romans defeated the Catuvellauni, and then organized their conquests as the province of Britain. By 47 AD, the Romans held the lands southeast
Roman_Britain
Roman province located in modern-day Turkey and Greece
annexation of the Attalid Kingdom in 133 BC. After the establishment of the Roman Empire by Augustus, it was the most prestigious senatorial province and was
Asia_(Roman_province)
Italy during the Ancient Rome era
economic history of the Roman Empire. Vol. 1 (2 ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 73–74. Hin, Saskia (2007). Counting Romans (PDF). Leiden: Princeton/Stanford
Roman_Italy
The Roman–Persian wars, also called the Roman–Iranian wars, took place between the Roman states and the Iranian empires, beginning with the Roman Republic
Roman–Persian_wars
Gaul as a province of the Roman Empire
Romans respected and feared the Gallic tribes. In 390 BC, the Gauls had sacked Rome, which left an existential dread of barbarian conquest the Romans
Roman_Gaul
Person who holds values of ancient Romans
Romans (Latin: Ultimus Romanorum or variations thereof) has historically been used to describe a person thought to embody the values of ancient Roman
Last_of_the_Romans
Early medieval Christian Romano-Berber state
Romans in Mauretania came to operate independently from the Empire. However, regional leaders may not have necessarily felt abandoned by the Romans.
Mauro-Roman_Kingdom
Over its long history, the Holy Roman Empire used many different heraldic forms, representing its numerous internal divisions. The Reichsadler ("Imperial
Coats of arms of the Holy Roman Empire
Coats_of_arms_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
Second decade of the first century AD
against the Romans in North Africa during the rule of the emperor Tiberius (AD 14–37). The Armenian Artaxiad dynasty was overthrown by the Romans. In China
10s
Topics referred to by the same term
considered the new Roman Empire. These include but are not limited to: The Byzantine Empire (extinguished 1453), the Roman Empire after the loss of some
New_Roman_Empire
Social class in ancient Rome
ISBN 978-0-312-68961-2. Jones, A. H. M. (1964). The Later Roman Empire. Kelly, Christopher (2004). Ruling the later Roman Empire. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard
Equites
Ancient Roman culinary habits and attitudes
were important to Romans, as farming was a valued activity. A variety of olives and nuts were eaten. While there were prominent Romans who discouraged meat-eating
Food_in_ancient_Rome
of aqueducts in the Roman Empire. For a more complete list of known and possible Roman aqueducts and Roman bridges see List of Roman bridges. List of aqueducts
List of aqueducts in the Roman Empire
List_of_aqueducts_in_the_Roman_Empire
Deployment, formation, and manoeuvres of the Roman infantry
maintain their independence, to major empires that confronted the Romans. The huge pool of fighting men gave the Romans much more room for errors or setbacks
Roman_infantry_tactics
Index of articles associated with the same name
of the Holy Roman Empire, the term Imperial Army may refer to: Army of the Holy Roman Empire (German: Reichsarmee), the army of the empire as a whole,
Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire)
Imperial_Army_(Holy_Roman_Empire)
Geopolitics of the Roman Empire deals with the "inalienable relationship between geography and politics of the Roman Empire". Once the Roman Empire had reached
Geopolitics of the Roman Empire
Geopolitics_of_the_Roman_Empire
Deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire
Imperii or Comitium Imperiale) was the deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire. It was not a legislative body in the contemporary sense; its members
Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)
Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)
Military history
Noble Grecians and Romans, Southern Illinois University Press, 1963, ISBN 0-404-51870-2 ) Polybius: The Rise of the Roman Empire at LacusCurtius (print:
Campaign history of the Roman military
Campaign_history_of_the_Roman_military
Crown worn by the Holy Roman Emperor
until the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. The crown was used in the coronation of the King of the Romans, the title assumed by the Emperor-elect
Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire
Imperial_Crown_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire
Currency of ancient Rome
emphasize unity amongst the Romans by featuring the spirit of Romans (Sutherland 254). The reverse types of coins of the late Empire emphasized general themes
Roman_currency
Period of European history
Roman Empire in Constantinople the Greek-speaking successor to the classical Roman Empire. The inhabitants continued to regard themselves as Romans,
Early_Middle_Ages
Book of the New Testament
Epistle to the Romans. C. E. B. Cranfield, in the introduction to his commentary on Romans, says: The denial of Paul's authorship of Romans by such critics
Epistle_to_the_Romans
Breakaway state from Roman Empire (270–273)
The Palmyrene Empire was a short-lived breakaway state from the Roman Empire resulting from the Crisis of the Third Century. Named after its capital city
Palmyrene_Empire
Assemblies of the Roman people
Rome, which existed during the monarchy as well as in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire. At the contio, magistrates gave informative or persuasive
Roman_assemblies
commerce between Arabs and Romans, who frequently traded with each other on the incense route and the spice route. The Romans knew of Arabia in three roughly
History of the Romans in Arabia
History_of_the_Romans_in_Arabia
Gathering to vote for the next king
of the Holy Roman Empire was the gathering of prince electors for an imperial election, where they voted for the next King of the Romans and future Emperor
Electoral College (Holy Roman Empire)
Electoral_College_(Holy_Roman_Empire)
Multiple states under one central authority, usually created by conquest
"empire" derives from the Roman concept of Imperium, which refers to the right to command. Empires have taken many forms throughout history. An empire
Empire
Ancient Roman architecture adopted the external language of classical ancient Greek architecture for the purposes of the ancient Romans, but was different
Ancient_Roman_architecture
Iranian empire (247 BC – 224 AD)
Romans, his cousin Parthamaspates of Parthia betrayed and killed him: Trajan crowned him the new king of Parthia. Never again would the Roman Empire advance
Parthian_Empire
support of the Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I, acquired and smuggled living silkworms into the Eastern Roman Empire, or Byzantine Empire, which led to the
Smuggling of silkworm eggs into the East Roman Empire
Smuggling_of_silkworm_eggs_into_the_East_Roman_Empire
Western European kingdom (c. 481–843)
Paris. His victory in the Franco-Roman War against Syagrius, considered "king of the Romans", who controlled a Gallo-Roman enclave between the Loire and
Francia
Holy Roman Emperor from 1556 to 1564
Holy Roman Empire during his brother's many absences, and in 1531 was elected King of the Romans, making him Charles's designated heir in the empire. Charles
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Empire in Europe from 1804 to 1867
possessions under one central government. It remained part of the Holy Roman Empire until the latter's dissolution in 1806. It continued fighting against
Austrian_Empire
Part of Medieval Holy Roman Empire
from the Holy Roman Empire. King of the Romans List of German monarchs List of Holy Roman Emperors Whaley, Germany and the Holy Roman Empire, pp. 20–22.
Kingdom_of_Germany
Holy Roman Emperor from 1658 to 1705
his elder brother Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans. Elected in 1658, Leopold ruled the Holy Roman Empire until his death in 1705, becoming the second-longest-ruling
Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Hereditary nobility of ancient Rome
Western Europe after the end of the Roman Empire; for instance, Pope Stephen II granted the title "Patricius of the Romans" to the Frankish ruler Pepin the
Patrician_(ancient_Rome)
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ROMANS EMPIRE
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