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Eradicated viral disease
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by the variola virus, which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed
Smallpox
Vaccine against Variola virus
The smallpox vaccine is used to prevent smallpox infection caused by the variola virus. It is the first vaccine to have been developed against a contagious
Smallpox_vaccine
The history of smallpox extends into pre-history. Genetic evidence suggests that the smallpox virus emerged 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. Prior to that, similar
History_of_smallpox
Building in Manhattan, New York
The Smallpox Hospital, sometimes referred to as the Renwick Smallpox Hospital and later the Maternity and Charity Hospital Training School, was a hospital
Smallpox_Hospital
Smallpox Bay is a bay on the west side of San Juan Island in the U.S. state of Washington. Smallpox Bay was named for the fact that a group of indigenous
Smallpox_Bay
Smallpox was a variable yet often fatal viral infectious disease. Even with good nursing, it regularly killed around 30% of recognised cases. Though widespread
Smallpox_in_Australia
Event leading to the last known smallpox death
In 1978, a smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom led to the death of Janet Parker, a British medical photographer. She was the last person recorded to
1978 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom
1978_smallpox_outbreak_in_the_United_Kingdom
English physician (1749–1823)
physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines and created the smallpox vaccine, the world's first vaccine. The terms vaccine and vaccination are
Edward_Jenner
Preparation for acquired immunity to disease
to vaccination is largely responsible for the worldwide eradication of smallpox and the restriction of diseases such as polio, measles, and tetanus from
Vaccine
Debate about the future of smallpox samples
The smallpox virus retention debate has been going on among scientists and health officials since the smallpox virus was declared eradicated by the World
Smallpox virus retention debate
Smallpox_virus_retention_debate
2002 British docudrama
Smallpox 2002: Silent Weapon is a fictional docudrama produced by Wall to Wall, showing how a single act of bioterrorism leads to terrifying consequences
Smallpox_2002
Japanese mythological figure
Smallpox demon (Japanese: 疱瘡神, Hōsōgami, Hōsōshin) or smallpox devil is a demon which was believed to be responsible for causing smallpox in medieval
Smallpox_demon
of the Americas introduced acute, highly contagious pathogens such as smallpox, measles, typhus, and influenza, against which Indigenous populations possessed
Native American disease and epidemics
Native_American_disease_and_epidemics
The history of smallpox in Mexico spans approximately 430 years, from the Spanish invasion and colonization of Central America until its official eradication
History_of_smallpox_in_Mexico
Smallpox was a dangerous virus disease that caused deaths around the world. It may have been used as a form of biological warfare. It affected many famous
Smallpox in society and culture
Smallpox_in_society_and_culture
1633 smallpox outbreak
The Massachusetts smallpox epidemic or colonial epidemic was a smallpox outbreak that hit Massachusetts in 1633. Smallpox outbreaks were not confined
Massachusetts smallpox epidemic
Massachusetts_smallpox_epidemic
Species of poxvirus
immunity to the deadly smallpox. Jenner referred to cowpox as variolae vaccinae (smallpox of the cow). However, the origins of the smallpox vaccine became murky
Vaccinia
Disease outbreak in Boston, USA
In 1721, Boston experienced its worst outbreak of smallpox (also known as variola). 5,759 people out of around 10,600 in Boston were infected and 844 were
1721_Boston_smallpox_outbreak
Disease outbreak in North America
The 1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic was a major outbreak of smallpox that began in Victoria, on Vancouver Island, and quickly spread among Indigenous
1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic
1862_Pacific_Northwest_smallpox_epidemic
Disease outbreak in the United States
Between 1836 and 1840, smallpox became widespread across the Great Plains. The epidemic reached its height following the spring of 1837, when an American
1837 Great Plains smallpox epidemic
1837_Great_Plains_smallpox_epidemic
Smallpox epidemic that afflicted much of Japan
The 735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic (天平の疫病大流行, Tenpyō no ekibyō dairyūkō; "Epidemic of the Tenpyō era") was a smallpox epidemic that afflicted much
735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic
735–737_Japanese_smallpox_epidemic
1346–1353 plague pandemic in Eurasia and North Africa
a combination of bubonic plague with other diseases, including typhus, smallpox, and respiratory infections. In addition to the bubonic infection, others
Black_Death
Former method of smallpox immunisation
was the method of inoculation first used to immunize individuals against smallpox (Variola) with material taken from a patient or a recently variolated individual
Variolation
Disease outbreak in North America
North American smallpox epidemic. Estimates based on remnant settlements say at least 130,000 people were estimated to have died from smallpox in the epidemic
1775–1782 North American smallpox epidemic
1775–1782_North_American_smallpox_epidemic
Administration of a vaccine to protect against disease
to vaccination is largely responsible for the worldwide eradication of smallpox and the elimination of diseases such as polio and tetanus from much of
Vaccination
Country in South America
from the original on 6 June 2009. Retrieved 29 October 2009. "Drought, Smallpox, and Emergence of Leishmania braziliensis in Northeastern Brazil" Archived
Brazil
epidemics in history. Pandemic portal Globalization and disease History of smallpox List of infectious diseases List of natural disasters by death toll#Deadliest
List of epidemics and pandemics
List_of_epidemics_and_pandemics
Country in South Asia
endemic diseases, though some remain intractable. The country was certified smallpox-free in April 1977 following two years of surveillance after its last Variola
India
Last naturally acquired case of smallpox (1954–2013)
person known to have been infected with naturally occurring Variola minor smallpox. The disease was diagnosed in October 1977 and Maalin made a full recovery
Ali_Maow_Maalin
Disease outbreak in India
The 1974 smallpox epidemic in India infected 188,000 people, leading to the deaths of 31,000 Indians. The media reported the smallpox epidemic as the most
1974 smallpox epidemic in India
1974_smallpox_epidemic_in_India
British virologist
Medical School, where his research focused on smallpox and monkeypox virus. Bedson was head of the smallpox laboratory at Birmingham when Janet Parker,
Henry_Bedson
Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2
Croydon typhoid (1937) NYC smallpox (1947) Wrocław smallpox (1963) Yugoslav smallpox (1972) London flu (1972–1973) Indian smallpox (1974) 1977 Russian flu
COVID-19_pandemic
2018 book by Mark Pallen
The Last Days of Smallpox: Tragedy in Birmingham is a 2018 nonfiction account of the events leading up to and following the 1978 smallpox outbreak in the
The_Last_Days_of_Smallpox
The 1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak was the largest outbreak of smallpox in Europe after the Second World War. It was centered in Kosovo, a province of
1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak
1972_Yugoslav_smallpox_outbreak
UK communicable disease incident
The 1966 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom was an outbreak of mild smallpox which began with Tony McLennan, a photographer at the Medical School
1966 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom
1966_smallpox_outbreak_in_the_United_Kingdom
Last known person to have been infected with naturally occurring Variola major smallpox
naturally occurring Variola major smallpox, the more deadly variety of the disease. Rahima Banu's case of smallpox at three years old was reported to
Rahima_Banu
Disease outbreak in Poland
The smallpox epidemic in Wrocław was the last outbreak of smallpox in Poland and one of the last in Europe (the 1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak was last)
1963 Wrocław smallpox epidemic
1963_Wrocław_smallpox_epidemic
Acts of genocide committed against Indigenous peoples in Canada
historical records as the 1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic. The 1862 Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic started in Victoria on Vancouver Island
Canadian genocide of Indigenous peoples
Canadian_genocide_of_Indigenous_peoples
List of characters appearing in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
his mother Fen ingested a vibranium-laced herb to gain immunity from smallpox while pregnant with her son. The effects of the herb caused her and the
Characters of the Marvel Cinematic Universe: M–Z
Characters_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe:_M–Z
Disease outbreak in Australia
1789, Sydney, Australia, experienced one of its most violent outbreaks of smallpox when the disease swept through Aboriginal and colonial Australians on the
1789_Sydney_smallpox_outbreak
Vaccine for mpox
virus, a related orthopoxvirus historically used for vaccination against smallpox. The close antigenic relationship among orthopoxviruses allows immunity
Mpox_vaccine
Puritan clergyman (1663–1728)
researched the variolation method of inoculation as a means of preventing smallpox contagion, which he learned about from an African-American slave whom he
Cotton_Mather
Smallpox outbreak from a Soviet bioweapon test
The Aral smallpox incident was a 30 July 1971 outbreak of the viral disease which occurred as a result of a field test at a Soviet biological weapons (BW)
1971_Aral_smallpox_incident
Vaccine against smallpox and mpox
US) against smallpox and mpox, having fewer side effects than smallpox vaccines derived from other poxviruses. This third-generation smallpox vaccine has
Modified_vaccinia_Ankara
Country within the United Kingdom
most influential entrepreneurs in history. The physician Edward Jenner's smallpox vaccine is said to have "saved more lives ... than were lost in all the
England
Country in the Caribbean
two-thirds of those few indigenous individuals who had previously survived smallpox. On 18 May 1539, conquistador Hernando de Soto departed from Havana with
Cuba
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953
Church School, where he excelled. Stalin faced health problems: an 1884 smallpox infection left him with facial scars, and at age 12, he was seriously injured
Joseph_Stalin
Type of steel rod used to administer smallpox vaccine
is a needle type known for its use during the World Health Organization smallpox eradication campaign. The bifurcated needle was invented in 1965 by microbiologist
Bifurcated_needle
English polymath (1642–1727)
London. In a surviving letter written in 1700 while she was recovering from smallpox, Newton closed with the phrase "your very loving uncle", expressing familial
Isaac_Newton
Disease outbreak in Guam
An epidemic of smallpox in 1856 on the west Pacific island of Guam, then under the control of Spain, resulted in the death of over half of the population
1856_Guam_smallpox_epidemic
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
stockpiled the biological agents that cause anthrax, plague, tularemia, smallpox, botulism and others. Genetic engineering improved agent stability and
Soviet_Union
War of 1529–1532. Smallpox was only the first epidemic. Typhus (probably) in 1546, influenza and smallpox together in 1558, smallpox again in 1589, diphtheria
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Species of virus
Variola virus is the causative agent of smallpox, a formerly widespread and dangerous disease in humans. The virus is large and brick-shaped and is approximately
Variola_virus
Act to vaccinate Indian Americans for smallpox
Carolina smallpox epidemic 1770s Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic 1775–1782 North American smallpox epidemic 1837 Great Plains smallpox epidemic 1862
Indian Vaccination Act of 1832
Indian_Vaccination_Act_of_1832
Smallpox outbreak
The 1947 New York City smallpox outbreak occurred in March 1947 and was declared ended on April 24, 1947. The outbreak marked the largest mass vaccination
1947 New York City smallpox outbreak
1947_New_York_City_smallpox_outbreak
Transfers between the Old and New Worlds
culture. New WorldOld World Maize ▶ ◀ Wheat Turkey ▶ ◀ Cattle Syphilis ▶ ◀ Smallpox Smoking ▶ ◀ Christianity The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian
Columbian_exchange
Largest city in the United Arab Emirates
Kingdom took responsibility for the emirate's security in 1892. In 1841, a smallpox epidemic broke out in Bur Dubai, forcing residents to relocate east to
Dubai
Island country in the Atlantic Ocean
invasion in Icelandic history to have caused casualties. The 1707–08 Iceland smallpox epidemic is estimated to have killed a quarter to a third of the population
Iceland
English surgeon and apothecary (1738–1824)
the discovery of the smallpox vaccine. In 1768 Fewster realized that prior infection with cowpox rendered a person immune to smallpox. Fewster was educated
John_Fewster
Stoic philosopher, Roman emperor from 161 to 180
nine days" were among the symptoms. It is believed that the plague was smallpox. In the view of historian Rafe de Crespigny, the plagues afflicting the
Marcus_Aurelius
Infectious disease
Washington, DC: ASM Press. ISBN 978-1-55581-072-6. Persson S (2010). Smallpox, Syphilis and Salvation: Medical Breakthroughs That Changed the World.
Tuberculosis
opposed compulsory smallpox vaccination for smallpox from the final decades of the 19th century through the 1910s. During this period, smallpox vaccination was
Anti-vaccine_activism
Book by Michael Bennett
War Against Smallpox: Edward Jenner and the Global Spread of Vaccination is a 2020 book by historian and academic Michael J. Bennett. It describes "the
War_Against_Smallpox
2002 nonfiction book by Richard Preston
the Freezer is a 2002 nonfiction book on the biological weapon agents smallpox and anthrax and how the American government develops defensive measures
The_Demon_in_the_Freezer
Hindu goddess
ghouls, pustules, and diseases, and most directly linked with the disease smallpox. Shitala is worshipped on Tuesday, Saptami and Ashtami (the seventh and
Shitala
Most populous city in Pennsylvania, US
Lenape communities were also weakened by newly introduced diseases, mainly smallpox, and conflicts with Europeans. The Iroquois occasionally fought the Lenape
Philadelphia
Country in South America
decline in population due to conquest as well as Eurasian diseases, such as smallpox, to which they had no immunity. Regarding the land as deserted, the Spanish
Colombia
President of the United States from 1861 to 1865
either documented or speculated to have suffered from are depression, smallpox, and malaria. He took blue mass pills, which contained mercury, to treat
Abraham_Lincoln
Disease outbreak in Iceland
Iceland experienced one of its deadliest outbreaks of smallpox beginning in 1707. The epidemic, known in Iceland as Stórabóla, ultimately killed between
1707–08 Iceland smallpox epidemic
1707–08_Iceland_smallpox_epidemic
Pharaoh in the ancient Egypt
form of modern smallpox dates back to 1580 AD, this study merely indicates that the strains of smallpox circulating at the time of smallpox eradication had
Ramesses_V
Queen of France from 1774 to 1792
poise, and loved dolls. The death of her older sister Maria Josepha from smallpox during the epidemic in Vienna in October 1767 made an everlasting impression
Marie_Antoinette
Civil War general, U.S. president from 1869 to 1877
agents cheating local Indians of their supplies, and their devastation from smallpox and measles spread by white settlers, he developed empathy for their plight
Ulysses_S._Grant
Gene variant
smallpox epidemic. Although plague has killed a greater number people in a given time period, smallpox has collectively taken more lives. As smallpox
CCR5-Δ32
Widespread, often global, epidemic of severe infectious disease
human history, there have been a number of pandemics of diseases such as smallpox. The Black Death, caused by the Plague, caused the deaths of up to half
Pandemic
Reluctance or refusal of vaccines
appropriate way to deal with smallpox outbreaks and was listed as one of the "important events in the history of smallpox control" by those most involved
Vaccine_hesitancy
U.S. state
upstate New York. Her parents and only brother died when she was 4 during a smallpox epidemic that left her badly scarred and with impaired eyesight. She went
New_York_(state)
The first known smallpox epidemic to strike the native peoples of the coastal and interior Pacific Northwest arrived in the early 1770s, devastating large
1770s Pacific Northwest smallpox epidemic
1770s_Pacific_Northwest_smallpox_epidemic
Medical condition
vaccine-associated smallpox rash, is a self-limiting, cutaneous condition characterized by a sudden eruption of a rash following the smallpox vaccination injection
Roseola_vaccinia
Worse effects of disease to populations with no prior exposure
Salmonella, or smallpox. The European colonization of Australia led to major epidemics among Aboriginal Australians, primarily due to smallpox, influenzas
Virgin-soil_epidemic
Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York
Hospital Gouverneur Health Mount Sinai Morningside The Octagon R & S Building Smallpox Hospital Society for the Lying-In Hospital Strecker Memorial Laboratory
Empire_State_Building
Disease of humans and animals
often deadly smallpox disease. Its close resemblance to the mild form of smallpox and the observation that dairy farmers were immune to smallpox inspired
Cowpox
Country in East Africa
threat of smallpox. An outbreak of either rinderpest or pleuropneumonia greatly affected the Masai's cattle, while an epidemic of smallpox affected the
Kenya
King of England and Ireland from 1547 to 1553
believes that Edward contracted tuberculosis after a bout of measles and smallpox in 1552 that suppressed his natural immunity to the disease. Loach suggests
Edward_VI
Family of viruses
Chordopoxvirinae infect vertebrates. Diseases associated with this family include smallpox. Four genera of poxviruses can infect humans: Orthopoxvirus, Parapoxvirus
Poxviridae
American physician and businessman
World Health Organization from 1973–1976 helping to successfully eradicate smallpox. Brilliant, a technology patent holder, has been the CEO of public companies
Larry_Brilliant
English writer and poet (1689–1762)
Aside from her writing, Mary is also known for introducing and advocating smallpox inoculation in Britain after her return from Turkey. Her writings address
Lady_Mary_Wortley_Montagu
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
and Europe for centuries. Rhazes was the first to identify the diseases smallpox and measles. Public hospitals of the time issued the first medical diplomas
Islam
Italian navigator and explorer (1451–1506)
caused by smallpox, which may have caused a pandemic only after the arrival of Hernán Cortés in 1519. According to some estimates, smallpox had an 80–90%
Christopher_Columbus
1521 conquest of the Aztec capital by the Spanish Empire and rival indigenous tribes
population at the time was devastated due to a smallpox epidemic, which killed much of its leadership. Because smallpox had been endemic in Spain for centuries
Fall_of_Tenochtitlan
Continent
arrival, primarily due to the introduction of Eurasian diseases, such as smallpox, to which the indigenous peoples lacked immunity, and because of violent
North_America
Global intergovernmental organization
largest agencies. In 1980, the agency announced that the eradication of smallpox had been completed. In subsequent decades, WHO eradicated polio, river
United_Nations
U.S. state
as other Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, experienced smallpox outbreaks from the late 18th through the mid-19th century, with the most
Alaska
English writer (1797–1851)
Shelley obtained false passports for the couple. In 1828, she fell ill with smallpox while visiting them in Paris; weeks later she recovered, unscarred but
Mary_Shelley
Valet to Abraham Lincoln (1833–1864)
of the onset of smallpox. At that time, an epidemic was spreading through Washington, D.C. and Lincoln's son Tad Lincoln had smallpox. Johnson tended
William_Henry_Johnson_(valet)
Topics referred to by the same term
variola in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Variola is a Latin name for smallpox. Variola may also refer to: Variola (fish), a genus of fish Variola caprina
Variola_(disambiguation)
Siege during Pontiac's War
Ecuyer, a Swiss mercenary in British service, may have given items from a smallpox infirmary as gifts to Native American emissaries with the hope of spreading
Siege_of_Fort_Pitt
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1689 to 1702
James II and VII. Eight days before William was born, his father died of smallpox; thus, William was the sovereign Prince of Orange from the moment of his
William_III_of_England
Adverse reaction to smallpox vaccine
Eczema vaccinatum is a rare severe adverse reaction to smallpox vaccination, caused by exposure to replicating live vaccinia virus. It arises when vaccinia
Eczema_vaccinatum
American pharmaceutical
develops and sells pharmaceutical solutions for the antiviral treatment of smallpox, monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia complications. In September 2009, SIGA
SIGA_Technologies
Disease outbreak in Gloucester, England
The 1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic affected more than 2,000 people in Gloucester between five January and 27 July 1896. A large number of the town's
1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic
1896_Gloucester_smallpox_epidemic
travel, tourism, insurance
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
SMALLPOX
travel, tourism, insurance