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Mathematical model used in music theory
theory, the spiral array model is an extended type of pitch space. A mathematical model involving concentric helices (an "array of spirals"), it represents
Spiral_array_model
Topics referred to by the same term
succession of twelve-tone aggregates Array mbira, a musical instrument Spiral array model, a music pitch space Telescope array, a group of telescopes, mirror
Array
Spiral that surrounds equal area per turn
certain spiral galaxies, and the design of variable capacitors, solar power reflector arrays, and cyclotrons. The representation of the Fermat spiral in polar
Fermat's_spiral
Model for relationships between pitches
ones to have caught on so far are several accordion layouts. Tonnetz Spiral array model Diatonic set theory Emancipation of the dissonance Unified field Vowel
Pitch_space
Loudspeaker system composed of linearly-mounted, in-phase speakers
for the area underneath the array that would otherwise be neglected Spiral arrays are the next development from J-arrays, and have a superior frequency
Line_array
Spiral with constant distance from itself
The Archimedean spiral (also known as Archimedes' spiral, the arithmetic spiral) is a spiral named after the 3rd-century BC Greek mathematician Archimedes
Archimedean_spiral
illusion Spectral music Spiccato Spieloper Spinto Spinto soprano Spiral array model Spontaneous composition Sprechgesang Squillo Stab (music) Staccato
Index_of_music_articles
Exactly solvable model of coupled oscillators
behavior of some physical systems, namely coupled arrays of Josephson junctions, followed his model. The model makes several assumptions, including that there
Kuramoto_model
Model of human development
Spiral Dynamics is a model of human development that posits a discrete and linear series of "stages of development" that individuals, organizations, and
Spiral_Dynamics
US-born operations researcher and pianist
has designed a theory of tonality called the spiral array model. This is a mathematical model using spirals to describe how humans perceive pitches, chords
Elaine_Chew
Curve whose curvature changes linearly
An Euler spiral is a curve whose curvature changes linearly with its curve length (the curvature of a circular curve is equal to the reciprocal of the
Euler_spiral
International radio telescope project
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is an intergovernmental international radio telescope project being built in Australia (low-frequency) and South Africa
Square_Kilometre_Array
Reionization-Limited HI Cloud near to the spiral galaxy M94
nearby spiral galaxy M94, leading to its name. Independent confirmation of the H I detection came from follow-up observations with the Very Large Array (VLA)
Cloud-9_(RELHIC)
Medical diagnostic method
an electron beam within a very large conical X-ray tube and a stationary array of detectors to achieve very high temporal resolution, for imaging of rapidly
Operation of computed tomography
Operation_of_computed_tomography
Visible regularity of form found in the natural world
different contexts and can sometimes be modelled mathematically. Natural patterns include symmetries, trees, spirals, meanders, waves, foams, tessellations
Patterns_in_nature
Mathematical spiral-type surface
In mathematics, a seashell surface is a surface made by a circle which spirals up the z-axis while decreasing its own radius and distance from the z-axis
Seashell_surface
Galaxy containing the Solar System
distribution of Cepheid variable stars in 17 other spiral galaxies to the ones in the Milky Way, and modelling the relationship to their surface brightnesses
Milky_Way
Barred spiral galaxy in the Local Group
The Andromeda Galaxy is a barred spiral galaxy and is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way. It was originally named the Andromeda Nebula and is cataloged
Andromeda_Galaxy
Statistical model
effects model is a statistical model in which the model parameters are fixed or non-random quantities. This is in contrast to random effects models and mixed
Fixed_effects_model
Motor vehicle
the Special Six represented Studebaker's mid-range model. The car was available in a full array of body styles throughout its production. In 1927 the
Studebaker_Special_Six
Mathematical model of the Big Bang
The Lambda-CDM, Lambda cold dark matter, or ΛCDM model is a mathematical model of the Big Bang theory with three major components: a cosmological constant
Lambda-CDM_model
Galaxy in the constellation Virgo
northern Virgo Cluster, having many satellite galaxies. Unlike a disk-shaped spiral galaxy, M87 has no distinctive dust lanes. Instead, it has an almost featureless
Messier_87
Fractal named after mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot
simplest case n = 1. Double-spirals with satellites of second order – analogously to the "seahorses"; the double-spirals may be interpreted as a metamorphosis
Mandelbrot_set
Critical point where a periodic solution arises
{\displaystyle \alpha } , the trajectory of a point can be seen to spiral in to the origin, spiral out to infinity, or to approach a limit cycle. The limit cycle
Hopf_bifurcation
Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices
NGC 4565 (also known as the Needle Galaxy or Caldwell 38) is an edge-on spiral galaxy about 30 to 50 million light-years away in the constellation Coma
NGC_4565
Proposed Airborne Warning and Control aircraft based on the Boeing 767 airframe
variant of the Boeing Wedgetail's Multi-role Electronically Scanned Array. Spiral 3 SIGINT Platform: This version was intended to replace a wide range
Northrop_Grumman_E-10_MC2A
Measuring the distance between the Earth and the Moon with laser light
University of California ranged the array. Lunokhod 2's array continues to return signals to Earth. The Lunokhod arrays suffer from decreased performance
Lunar Laser Ranging experiments
Lunar_Laser_Ranging_experiments
Rectangular two-element array antenna
Moxon rectangle is a simple and mechanically rugged two-element parasitic array, single-frequency antenna. It takes its name from the amateur radio operator
Moxon_antenna
Physical theory of the cosmos
model advocated by Albert Einstein at that time. In 1924, American astronomer Edwin Hubble's measurement of the great distance to the nearest spiral nebulae
Big_Bang
Motor vehicle
expensive model with a six-cylinder engine, listing a retail price of US$1,045 ($20,571 in today's dollars). The car was available in a full array of body
Studebaker_Light_Six
Checking software against expectations
requirements Manual testing – Testing software without automation Orthogonal array testing – Software testing technique Pair testing – Software testing technique
Software_testing
NASA space telescope for exoplanetology (2009–2018)
spacecraft's solar array was rotated to face the Sun at the solstices and equinoxes, so as to optimize the amount of sunlight falling on the solar array and to keep
Kepler_space_telescope
Machine to increase pressure of gas by reducing its volume
interleaved spiral-like vanes to pump or compress fluids such as liquids and gases. The vane geometry may be involute, archimedean spiral, or hybrid curves
Compressor
American economist (1926–2026)
of the largest lenders filing for bankruptcy protection in the face of spiraling foreclosure rates. For these reasons, Greenspan has been historically
Alan_Greenspan
Type of radio-wave propagation
antennas consist of a dipole about 1 /4 wavelength above ground, or arrays of such dipoles. Up to 16 dipoles can be used, allowing strong signals with
Near vertical incidence skywave
Near_vertical_incidence_skywave
Radio source at center of the Milky Way
from view at optical wavelengths by large clouds of cosmic dust in the spiral arms of the Milky Way. The dust lane that obscures the Galactic Center from
Sagittarius_A
American-made portable fire-and-forget anti-tank missile
tracker testing (track rate error, tracking sensitivity); seeker/focal plane array testing (cool-down time, dead/defective pixels, seeker identification);
FGM-148_Javelin
1978 studio album by Elvis Costello
This Year's Model entirely in Spanish. The project, titled Spanish Model, features 16 songs from the This Year's Model period sung by an array of Latin artists
This_Year's_Model
Dependence of the state of a system on its history
immediately to the internal stresses due to changes in their molecular spiral", as they lie in a somewhat rigid medium in the limited space of the cell
Hysteresis
Odd radio circle in the constellation Canes Venatici
zero-infrastructure. The detection was made possible through the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), the world's largest and most sensitive radio telescope operating
RAD_J131346.9+500320
Stability criterion in control theory
1948 an analog computer to compute root loci, called a "Spirule" (after "spiral" and "slide rule"); it found wide use before the advent of digital computers
Root_locus_analysis
Global radio telescope array
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a telescope array consisting of a global network of radio telescopes. The EHT project combines data from several
Event_Horizon_Telescope
Polish mathematician and physicist (1909–1984)
York Times. Retrieved 30 May 2013. "Stanislaw Ulam | Biography, Facts, & Spiral". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-04-11. Ulam, S. M (1983). Adventures
Stanisław_Ulam
Bearings with pressurized gas for low friction
externally-pressurized gas (aerostatic bearings). Gas-lubricated bearings are usually modeled using the Reynolds equation to describe the evolution of pressure in the
Air_bearing
Aspect of relativity in physics
Timing Array, who claimed a 3 σ {\displaystyle 3\sigma } -significance. The frequency dependence of this background radiation differs from models of the
Gravitational_wave
Swedish astronomer and cosmologist (1908-2000)
in a later experiment that elliptical galaxies are generally older than spiral galaxies, among other discoveries. The Holmberg radius, a measure for the
Erik_Holmberg_(astronomer)
2000 novel by Mark Z. Danielewski
explorers to investigate, who found a maze-like complex within it containing a spiral staircase which appeared to descend endlessly. In the maze, the explorers
House_of_Leaves
locations was Philco 2000/Model 212 large scale transistor computers. Spiral Decay, a Special Perturbation Program, was used to model the motion of space objects
Space Detection and Tracking System
Space_Detection_and_Tracking_System
Overview of and topical guide to Rust
steward of the Rust project since its inception in 2021 Asynchronous I/O Arrays and vectors Borrow checker Closures Concurrency Crates and modules Enums
Outline of the Rust programming language
Outline_of_the_Rust_programming_language
Galaxy in the constellation Cetus
NGC 45 is a low surface brightness spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by the English astronomer John Herschel on
NGC_45
Discrete model of computation
iterative arrays. Cellular automata have found application in various areas, including physics, theoretical biology, and microstructure modeling. A cellular
Cellular_automaton
Overview of and topical guide to computer programming
Anonymous functions Conditional expressions Functional instructions Arrays Associative arrays String operations String functions List comprehension Object-oriented
Outline of computer programming
Outline_of_computer_programming
Programming language derived from Perl
array or the array element that is needed: # Raku code my @array = 'a', 'b', 'c'; my $element = @array[1]; # $element equals 'b' my @extract = @array[1
Raku_(programming_language)
Supernova/gamma-ray burst in the constellation Telescopium
gamma ray burst supernova detected on 26 April 1998 in the ESO 184-G82 spiral galaxy, which some astronomers believe may be an example of a collapsar
SN_1998bw
Portable computer introduced in 1983
package roughly the size and shape of a notepad or large book. The 224-page, spiral-bound User Manual is nearly the same size as the computer itself. It was
TRS-80_Model_100
Lenticular galaxy in the constellation Virgo
indicates a lenticular structure with a weak bar across the center and pure spiral arms without a ring. It belongs to the Virgo Cluster and is one of the brightest
NGC_4526
Russian beyond visual range air-to-air missile
before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. For many years, only the RVV-AE model was produced for export customers. Production was further disrupted when
R-77
Antenna constructions for different applications
well on at least twice as many frequencies as a simple antenna. Array antennas Array antennas are made out of combinations of several simple antennas
Antenna_types
Ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere
the Earth within 15 minutes to 2 hours of the solar flare. The protons spiral around and down the magnetic field lines of the Earth and penetrate into
Ionosphere
Indian scientist and engineer
for Photonics, Springer (2017) "Hut-like pillar array Si solar cells," Solar Energy (2016) "Golden spiral photonic crystal fiber: polarization and dispersion
Arti_Agrawal
American astrophysicist and radio astronomer
Chief Scientist of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory. In 2004, McClure-Griffiths discovered a new spiral arm in the Milky Way galaxy. She was awarded
Naomi_McClure-Griffiths
Overview of computer engineering topics
driver Software development process Software requirements specification Spiral model Agile software development Behavior-driven development Cowboy coding
Computer engineering compendium
Computer_engineering_compendium
Italian astrophysicist
worked on constraining astrophysical models of supermassive black hole binary populations using pulsar timing arrays. Serena Vinciguerra (PhD 2018), who
Alberto_Vecchio
American political activist (1993–2025)
2025. Retrieved January 6, 2026. Baragona, Justin (June 25, 2025). "MAGA spirals into ugly Islamophobia after Mamdani's win, warns New York 'is about to
Charlie_Kirk
Salt lake in Utah, United States
began in 1904. Industrial debris from this field remained in place near Spiral Jetty until a cleanup effort by the Division of Oil, Gas and Mining and
Great_Salt_Lake
Device that transmits and receives radio waves
Dipole and monopole antennas Array antennas Loop antennas Parabolic antenna Traveling wave antennas Log-periodic antenna Spiral antenna Horn antenna Adcock
Antenna_(radio)
executed. spiral model Is a risk-driven software development process model. Based on the unique risk patterns of a given project, the spiral model guides
Glossary_of_computer_science
Covering by shapes without overlaps or gaps
particularly interesting type of monohedral tessellation is the spiral monohedral tiling. The first spiral monohedral tiling was discovered by Heinz Voderberg in
Tessellation
Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon system
can engage four targets simultaneously, both fitted with phased antenna arrays. The system uses a new 57E6M-E surface-to-air missile with an increased
Pantsir_missile_system
Hypothetical invisible cosmic material
interferometric arrays for extragalactic HI spectroscopy was being developed. Rogstad & Shostak (1972) published HI rotation curves of five spirals mapped with
Dark_matter
Ancient algorithm for generating prime numbers
integer n > 1. output: all prime numbers from 2 through n. let A be an array of Boolean values, indexed by integers 2 to n, initially all set to true
Sieve_of_Eratosthenes
Type of artificial neural network
Witbrock, Michael (1988). "Learning to tell two spirals apart" (PDF). Proceedings of the 1988 Connectionist Models Summer School: 52–59. Bengio, Yoshua; Ducharme
Residual_neural_network
Spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major
Messier 81 (also known as NGC 3031 or Bode's Galaxy) is a grand design spiral galaxy about 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major
Messier_81
striking different surfaces. Many of these drawings depict the spiralling nature of water. The spiral form had been studied in the art of the Classical era and
Science and inventions of Leonardo da Vinci
Science_and_inventions_of_Leonardo_da_Vinci
Basilica under construction since 1882 in Barcelona, Spain
steeples to the bridge between the steeples. Descent is via a very narrow spiral staircase of over 300 steps. There is a posted caution for those with medical
Sagrada_Família
Historic Irish reflecting telescope
Parsons discovered that several nebulae had a spiral structure, suggesting "dynamical laws". The most notable spiral nebula observed by Parsons was Messier 51
Leviathan_of_Parsonstown
of 1974 and had become concerned that enthusiasm for expert systems had spiraled out of control and that disappointment would certainly follow. Their fears
History of artificial intelligence
History_of_artificial_intelligence
Optimization algorithm
x ) = 0. {\displaystyle {\begin{array}{rl}\min \limits _{x}&f(x)\\{\mbox{subject to}}&h(x)\geq 0\\&g(x)=0.\end{array}}} where x ∈ R n {\displaystyle x\in
Sequential quadratic programming
Sequential_quadratic_programming
repeated weather phenomenon involving mountains is a spiral dust cloud that forms over Arsia Mons. The spiral dust cloud over Arsia Mons can tower 15 to 30 km
Climate_of_Mars
Soviet/Russian air-to-surface missile
the anti-radar version has a unique antenna, an interferometer array of seven spiral antennas on a steerable platform. The seekers delivered to China
Kh-31
Robot kaiju in the Godzilla franchise
character is portrayed as a robotic counterpart of Godzilla with a vast array of high-tech weaponry. Along with King Ghidorah, Mechagodzilla is commonly
Mechagodzilla
Hypothesis that complex extraterrestrial life is improbable and extremely rare
in a non-exceptional region of a common galaxy, now known to be a barred spiral galaxy. From the principle of mediocrity (extended from the Copernican principle)
Rare_Earth_hypothesis
radiation pattern reconfigurable spiral antenna for 6 and 10 GHz, an RF MEMS radiation pattern reconfigurable spiral antenna for the 6–7 GHz frequency
Radio-frequency microelectromechanical system
Radio-frequency_microelectromechanical_system
Supertall skyscraper in Shanghai, China
upwards to the 87th. Lined with 28 annular corridors and staircases arrayed in a spiral, it is 27 m (89 ft) in diameter with a clear height of approximately
Jin_Mao_Tower
2025 scandal in China
Internet by storm". The Standard. "Red Sister client pleads to public as life spirals into chaos". The Standard. Archived from the original on July 19, 2025
Nanjing_Sister_Hong_incident
Subfield of astronomy
structures: Dwarf galaxies Spiral galaxies Milky Way – the galaxy where Earth is located. Alaknanda Galaxy – ancient grand‑design spiral whose unexpectedly mature
Outline_of_astrophysics
Earliest anatomically modern humans in Europe and West Asia
of mammoth bones. Cro-Magnons are well renowned for creating a diverse array of artistic works, including cave paintings, Venus figurines, perforated
Cro-Magnon
History and future of the universe
high-precision version of the Big Bang model using conventional physics, known as Lambda-CDM, agrees with a wide array of astrophysical observations. The
Chronology_of_the_universe
Compact astronomical body
the particle spiralling into the black hole, and any outward perturbations will, depending on the energy, cause the particle to spiral in, move to a
Black_hole
Class of antennas
three-dimensional array of intersecting, thin wires could be used to create negative values of permittivity ("ε"), and that a periodic array of copper split
Metamaterial_antenna
South Korean fighter aircraft
larger Raptor. The KF-21 program's core philosophy centers on a spiral development model, where the aircraft is introduced in a series of progressively
KAI_KF-21_Boramae
dose. Some of the charged particles do get into the magnetosphere. These spiral around field lines, bouncing back and forth between the poles several times
Earth's_magnetic_field
Astronomical observatory in Chile
Four examples of objects found in the Trifid Nebula and Lagoon Nebula The spiral galaxies NGC 4411B (left) and NGC 4411 (right) taken from "The Cosmic Treasure
Vera_C._Rubin_Observatory
Acute curve (often one of a series) in a road, especially on a steep incline
travel mostly across the slope with only moderate steepness, and are often arrayed in a zigzag pattern. Highways with repeating hairpin turns allow easier
Hairpin_turn
Type of topological solutions in non-linear sigma models
configuration of a certain class of non-linear sigma models. The term was first used in 1979 to name a model of the nucleon by proposed in 1961 by Tony Skyrme
Skyrmion
Type of electromagnet formed by a coil of wire
solenoid gets longer. Of course, if the solenoid is constructed as a wire spiral (as often done in practice), then it emanates an outside field the same
Solenoid
around a much heavier (by a factor 10,000 or more) object, that gradually spirals in due to the emission of gravitational waves. Such systems are likely
Extreme_mass_ratio_inspiral
Casual games by The New York Times
kinds of crosswords (cryptic "British-style crosswords", puns and anagrams, spiral, diagramless, etc.); word puzzles of other formats (Split Decisions, Marching
The_New_York_Times_Games
Pre-Columbian Maya city in Mexico
round building on a large square platform. It gets its name from the stone spiral staircase inside. The structure, with its unusual placement on the platform
Chichen_Itza
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
model is said to be made out of graphene as the first of both a street-legal track car and a production car. In January 2018, graphene-based spiral inductors
Graphene
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
An Array of Clouds
Male
Hindi/Indian
(सरल) Hindi name SARAL means "straight."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Spire 1.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : Americanized spelling of Shearer.Jewish (Israeli) : variant of Shira.
Male
Greek
(ΣπÏÏος) Variant spelling of Greek Spyros, SPIROS means "spirit."
Girl/Female
Tamil
Meghamala | மேகமாலா
Array of clouds
Meghamala | மேகமாலா
Male
English
Variant spelling of English Aaron, ARRAN means "light-bringer."
Girl/Female
Hindu
Array of clouds
Female
Hebrew
(סִיגָל) Hebrew name SIGAL means "treasure."
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Array of Clouds
Male
English
English unisex name derived from the vocabulary word, "spirit," from Latin spiritus, SPIRIT means "breath."
Boy/Male
Celtic
St. Piran is the Cornish patron saint of miners.
Female
Hebrew
(ש×ִירָה) Hebrew name SHIRA means "song."
Boy/Male
Indian, Parsi
Strong
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Lofty; exalted; high mountain.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kadambini | காதமà¯à®ªà®¿à®¨à¯€
An array of clouds
Kadambini | காதமà¯à®ªà®¿à®¨à¯€
Girl/Female
Tamil
Array of clouds
Boy/Male
French, Hindu, Indian
Sea
Boy/Male
Indian
One who is honored, Exalted
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : habitational name from the city of Arras in Artois, northern France, or one of the other places in France so named.Scottish : habitational name from Airhouse, a locality in Channelkirk, Berwickshire.English : habitational name from a place called Arras in East Yorkshire, earlier spelled Erghes, from the plural of Old Norse erg ‘hut’, ‘shelter’.German : metonymic occupational name for a cloth merchant, from a type of woolen cloth for which the city of Arras in Flanders was famous in the Middle Ages. This name is also established in Mexico.
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
A flower delicate, soft, slender
Boy/Male
Tamil
Deenabandhav | திநாபஂதாவÂ
Protector of the downtrodden
Boy/Male
Greek Swedish
Rock.
Boy/Male
Hindu
God, King
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Protector of Own Rule
Girl/Female
Indian
Best, Loving, Most eminent
Boy/Male
Hindu
Life, Knowledge, Sage
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
One who Drinks Water; One with Black Teeth; A Tortoise
Boy/Male
American, British, English
From the Sandy Brook
Male
English
Unisex form of English Darrell, DARRYL means "from Airelle."
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
SPIRAL ARRAY-MODEL
n.
Array; order; arrangement; dress.
n.
A kind of spiral curve found in certain univalve shells.
imp. & p. p.
of Spire
n.
Order; a regular and imposing arrangement; disposition in regular lines; hence, order of battle; as, drawn up in battle array.
n.
A spiral; a curl; a whorl; a twist.
a.
Having a spire; being in the form of a spire; as, a spired steeple.
a.
Of or pertaining to a spiral; like a spiral.
imp. & p. p.
of Array
a.
Of or pertaining to a spire; like a spire, tall, slender, and tapering; abounding in spires; as, spiry turrets.
n.
Figure; dress; array.
n.
The part of a spiral generated in one revolution of the straight line about the pole. See Spiral, n.
pl.
of Spica
a.
Anything which has a spiral form, as a spiral shell.
a.
Of a spiral form; wreathed; curled; serpentine.
v. t.
To furnish with an arras.
adv.
In a spiral form, manner, or direction.
v. t.
To array.
v. t.
To clothe; array; deck.
a.
Winding or circling round a center or pole and gradually receding from it; as, the spiral curve of a watch spring.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Array