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Topics referred to by the same term
Square wave may refer to: Square wave (waveform) Cross seas, also known as square waves This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title
Square_wave
Type of non-sinusoidal waveform
Square wave sound sample 5 seconds of square wave at 220 Hz Sine wave sound sample For comparison, five seconds of a 220 Hz sine wave. Problems playing
Square_wave_(waveform)
Device that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC)
inverter may produce a square wave, sine wave, modified sine wave, pulsed sine wave, or near-sine pulse-width modulated wave (PWM) depending on circuit
Power_inverter
Oscillatory error in Fourier series
to 0. The square wave analysis reveals that the error exceeds the height (from zero) c 2 {\displaystyle {\tfrac {c}{2}}} of the square wave by c π ∫ 0
Gibbs_phenomenon
Non-sinusoidal waveform
Like a square wave, the triangle wave contains only odd harmonics. However, the higher harmonics roll off much faster than in a square wave (proportional
Triangle_wave
Non-sinusoidal waveform
had improved. List of periodic functions Sine wave Square wave Triangle wave Pulse wave Sound Supersaw Wave Zigzag Kraft, Sebastian; Zölzer, Udo (5 September
Sawtooth_wave
Square root of the mean square
mathematics, the root mean square (abbrev. RMS, rms or rms) of a set of values is the square root of the set's mean square. Given a set x i {\displaystyle
Root_mean_square
Decomposition of periodic functions
illustrate some partial Fourier series results for the components of a square wave. A square wave (represented as the blue dot) is approximated by its sixth partial
Fourier_series
Shape and form of a signal
represent digital information. A square wave of constant period contains odd harmonics that decrease at −6 dB/octave. Triangle wave: ( t , λ , a , ϕ ) = 2 a π
Waveform
Dynamic disturbance in a medium or field
Creeping wave, a wave diffracted around a sphere Evanescent field Longitudinal wave Periodic travelling wave Sine wave Square wave Standing wave Transverse
Wave
Mechanical oscillations about an equilibrium point
5 second. This type of force has the shape of a 1 Hz square wave. The Fourier transform of the square wave generates a frequency spectrum that presents the
Vibration
Frequency mixing function in signal processing
represent a sine wave at 100 Hz, and the carrier c ( t ) {\displaystyle c(t)} be an ideal square wave at 300 Hz. The output then includes sine waves at 100±300 Hz
Ring_modulation
Type of electronic circuit
oscillating or alternating current (AC) signal, usually a sine wave, square wave or a triangle wave, powered by a direct current (DC) source. Oscillators are
Electronic_oscillator
Mathematical description of quantum state
into actual probabilities. In one common form, it says that the squared modulus of a wave function that depends upon position is the probability density
Wave_function
Technology of power electronics
Either can be made to operate in square-wave or pulse-width modulation (PWM) mode, depending on its intended usage. Square-wave mode offers simplicity, while
Power_electronics
Logarithmic unit expressing the ratio of physical quantities
full-scale square wave. A signal measured with reference to a full-scale sine-wave appears 3 dB weaker when referenced to a full-scale square wave, thus:
Decibel
Unit of measurement for amplitude levels in digital systems
such that the RMS value of a full-scale sine wave is designated 0 dB FS. This means a full-scale square wave would have an RMS value of +3 dB FS. This convention
DBFS
Measurement of the harmonic distortion present in a signal
large. For instance, a signal with THDF 266% has a THDR of 94%. A pure square wave with infinite harmonics has THDF of 48.3% and THDR of 43.5%. Some use
Total_harmonic_distortion
Representation of a signal as a rectangular wave with varying duty cycle
the time, the digital signal has a duty cycle of 50% and resembles a "square" wave. When a digital signal spends more time in the on state than the off
Pulse-width_modulation
Classification of power amplifier
just cancel. Experiment shows that a square wave can be generated by those amplifiers. Theoretically square waves consist of odd harmonics only. In a class-D
Power_amplifier_classes
Opposition to current by inductance or capacitance
reactance to a square wave was about 19% smaller X L = 16 π f L {\displaystyle X_{L}={16 \over \pi }fL} than the reactance to the AC sine wave. Any conductor
Electrical_reactance
Wave shaped like the sine function
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a
Sine_wave
Periodic rectangular waveform
Notably, a pulse wave with a 50% duty cycle, where the pulse duration is equal to the pulse separation, is known as a square wave. The pulse repetition
Pulse_wave
System for digital control of model railways
Additionally, this means that a square wave beginning with a rising edge is interpreted identically as a square wave beginning with a falling edge, because
Digital_Command_Control
Peak divided by the Root mean square (RMS) of the waveform
no peaks, such as direct current or a square wave. Higher crest factors indicate peaks, for example sound waves tend to have high crest factors. Crest
Crest_factor
Medical condition of the brain
make square-wave jerk movements, PSP patients make slower square-wave jerk movements, with smaller vertical components. Assessment of these square-wave jerks
Progressive supranuclear palsy
Progressive_supranuclear_palsy
Home video game console
independent from the other 3 square wave channels, or it can add its value to the master oscillator that drives the 3 square wave channels. The master oscillator
Bally_Astrocade
Bass synthesizer
machine" to replace the bass guitar. The TB-303 can produce a sawtooth wave or a square wave. This is fed into a 24 dB/octave low-pass filter, which is manipulated
Roland_TB-303
Measure of change in a periodic variable
like sine waves, square waves, or triangle waves, peak amplitude and semi amplitude are the same. However, for an asymmetric wave or wave packet (periodic
Amplitude
Sound chip series by Yamaha
channels on top of the YM2203's three existing FM channels), three SSG square wave/noise channels with an envelope generator, and seven adaptive differential
Yamaha_OPN
Electronic warfare technique
known as "silent lobing". This led to the introduction of the swept square wave (SSW) technique, also known as scan rate modulation. This is generally
Angle_deception_jamming
Electronic circuit used to implement two-state devices
Annales de Physique 12, 252 (1919). Since it produced a square wave, in contrast to the sine wave generated by most other oscillator circuits of the time
Multivibrator
Electrical circuit detecting phase difference
types. A Type I detector is designed to be driven by analog signals or square-wave digital signals and produces an output pulse at the difference frequency
Phase_detector
Shape with four equal sides and angles
sets by disjoint squares Geometric Shapes (Unicode block), the Unicode block involves squares alongside its similarities Square wave, a non-sinusoidal
Square
Characteristic of an optical system
component of a square wave is higher than the amplitude of the square wave itself (the harmonic components reduce the peak amplitude). A square wave test chart
Optical_transfer_function
Expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals
produce sound and music. The speaker hardware was typically limited to square waves. The resulting sound was generally described as "beeps and boops" which
Sound_card
Electronic signal to synchronize circuits
a clock generator. The most common clock signal is in the form of a square wave with a 50% duty cycle. Circuits using the clock signal for synchronization
Clock_signal
Japanese jazz fusion band
released their first studio album, in no uncertain terms, now as "T-SQUARE", Wave. The band would also appear alongside Ottottrio (with guitarist Hirokuni
T-Square_(band)
Circuit that creates new frequencies from two signals
switching, which is equivalent to multiplication of an input signal by a square wave. In a double-balanced mixer, the (smaller) input signal is alternately
Frequency_mixer
Form of waveform distortion
the high-frequency range (as the clipped waveform comes closer to a square wave). The extra high-frequency weighting of the signal could make tweeter
Clipping_(audio)
Electric motor for discrete partial rotations
known for its property of converting a train of input pulses (typically square waves) into a precisely defined increment in the shaft’s rotational position
Stepper_motor
Functions of an angle
the square wave can be written as the Fourier series f square ( t ) = 4 π ∑ k = 1 ∞ sin ( ( 2 k − 1 ) t ) 2 k − 1 . {\displaystyle f_{\text{square}}(t)={\frac
Trigonometric_functions
SI unit of frequency
frequency of the CPU's master clock signal. This signal is nominally a square wave, which is an electrical voltage that switches between low and high logic
Hertz
Konami music department
Club (コナミ矩形波倶楽部, konami kukeiha kurabu; lit. "Konami Square Wave Club", referring to square waves used in chiptunes in the 1980s) is Konami's sound team
Konami_Kukeiha_Club
Differential equation for the description of waves or standing wave
The wave equation is a second-order linear partial differential equation for the description of waves or standing wave fields such as mechanical waves (e
Wave_equation
Alteration of the original shape of a signal
This diagram shows the behaviour of a signal (made up of a square wave followed by a sine wave) as it is passed through various distorting functions. The
Distortion
Change of voltage or current per unit of time
t. The slew rate can be measured using a function generator (usually square wave) and an oscilloscope. The slew rate is the same, regardless of whether
Slew_rate
Oscillator that produces a nonsinusoidal repetitive waveform
produces a nonsinusoidal repetitive output signal, such as a triangle wave or square wave. The circuit consists of a feedback loop containing a switching device
Relaxation_oscillator
Device used to alert a fire emergency
520 Hz mid frequency square wave devices and 3,100 Hz pure tone T-3 sound devices. Under the testing conditions, a 520 Hz square wave T-3 sound woke up 92%
Fire alarm notification appliance
Fire_alarm_notification_appliance
Electronic test equipment used to generate electrical waveforms
waveforms produced by the function generator are the sine wave, square wave, triangular wave and sawtooth shapes. These waveforms can be either repetitive
Function_generator
Signaling mode of neurons
fold/homoclinic, also called square-wave, burster is so named because the shape of the voltage trace during a burst looks similar to a square wave due to fast transitions
Bursting
Common marking and a meme from World War II
says that the image came from a diagram of how to approximate a square wave using sine waves, also at RAF Yatesbury and with an instructor named Chadwick
Kilroy_was_here
Type of digital circuit
circuit is a square wave signal at the amplifier output, with the period of each half of the square wave equal to the delay time. The square wave will grow
Ring_oscillator
Type of radar where a known stable frequency continuous wave radio energy is transmitted
follows: Sine wave, like air raid siren Sawtooth wave, like the chirp from a bird Triangle wave, like police siren in the United States Square wave, like police
Continuous-wave_radar
Electromechanical device
pulses per unit displacement or, equivalently, the number of A (or B) square wave cycles per unit displacement. In the case of rotary encoders, resolution
Incremental_encoder
Performance measure of a digital radio
metric called Dynamic EVM is often tested. Dynamic EVM is measured with a square wave pulse applied to PA Enable to emulate the actual dynamic operation conditions
Error_vector_magnitude
Framework of spaced bars that are parallel to or cross each other
pattern, which is typically a square wave but can also be any periodic pattern (sine wave, triangle wave, sawtooth wave, etc.). Contrast is a measure
Grating
Electronic circuit
The basic Royer generates square wave output voltage, which can be an advantage for some applications. This square-wave output voltage can be converted
Royer_oscillator
Stage lighting lamp
acting as a choke. Two types of ballasts exist: magnetic and electronic (square-wave or flicker-free). Magnetic ballasts are generally much heavier and bulkier
Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide lamp
Hydrargyrum_medium-arc_iodide_lamp
Class of woodwind instruments
canceling out the even harmonics. This may be compared to the timbre of a square wave. Most single-reed instruments are descended from single-reed idioglot
Single-reed_instrument
Sound chip
variant of the popular AY-3-8910/PSG for producing three channels of square wave synthesis or noise. ADPCM Sound Source, a single channel for samples
Yamaha_YM2608
Music scene
No wave was an avant-garde music and visual art scene that emerged in the late 1970s in Downtown New York City. The term was coined as a rejection of commercial
No_wave
Woodblock print by Hokusai (1831)
The Great Wave off Kanagawa (Japanese: 神奈川沖浪裏, Hepburn: Kanagawa-oki Nami Ura; lit. 'Under the Wave off Kanagawa') is a woodblock print by the Japanese
The_Great_Wave_off_Kanagawa
Sea state with two wave systems traveling at oblique angles
sea (also referred to as a squared sea or square waves) is a sea state of wind-generated ocean waves that form nonparallel wave systems. Cross seas have
Cross_sea
Sound chip developed by Yamaha
channel Two interval timers A low frequency oscillator (LFO) Three SSG square wave tone/noise channels: compatible with YM2149 Seven adaptive differential
Yamaha_YM2610
Audio device to detect the presence of bat sound signals
a square wave, otherwise called a zero crossing signal. This square wave is then divided using an electronic counter by 10 to provide another square wave
Bat_detector
Type of electronic audio manipulation
clipping increases, a tone input progressively begins to resemble a square wave which has odd number harmonics. This is generally described as sounding
Distortion_(music)
Topics referred to by the same term
Square number, an integer that is the square of another integer Square of a graph Square wave (waveform), a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform Square (area)
Square_(disambiguation)
Type of tachometer
the alternating voltage. The output of this sensor tends to resemble a square wave, rather than a sinusoid, but still increases in magnitude as wheels speed
Wheel_speed_sensor
Represents an analog signal using only two levels
cycle of a square wave. Unlike PWM, in which the width of square pulses is varied at a constant frequency, PFM fixes the width of square pulses while
Pulse-frequency_modulation
Optical component
Italian physicist Vasco Ronchi, is a constant-interval bar and space square-wave optical target or mask. The design produces a precisely patterned light
Ronchi_ruling
Integrated circuit chip used in the Commodore VIC-20
256 × 280 is possible on the PAL machine) 4 channel sound system (3 square wave + "white" noise + global volume setting) on-chip DMA two 8-bit analog-to-digital
MOS_Technology_VIC
Type of circuit
changes from zero to positive, the output voltage is negative. If a square-wave input is applied to a differentiator, then a spike waveform is obtained
Differentiator
Electric vehicle charging connector in North America
to +85 °C. Control Pilot (Mode): The charging station sends a 1 kHz square wave on the control pilot that is connected back to the protective earth on
SAE_J1772
Device used to synchronize a circuit
operation. The output clock signal can range from a simple symmetrical square wave to more complex arrangements. The basic parts that all clock generators
Clock_generator
Type of electronic circuit
polarity of the battery many times per second, effectively converting DC to square wave AC, which could then be fed to a transformer of the required output voltage(s)
DC-to-DC_converter
Prolonged period of excessively hot weather
A heat wave or heatwave, sometimes described as extreme heat, is a period of abnormally hot weather that lasts for multiple days. A heat wave is usually
Heat_wave
Subgenre and period of rock music
The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 18 October 2025. "SINE WAVE square wave cold wave - Record Collector Magazine". Retrieved 18 October 2025. Reynolds
Post-punk
Third-generation home video game console manufactured by Casio
resolution of 224 × 192 pixels with 8 colours (3-bit RGB). It had three square wave voices with 6 bits to control the period.. The main PV-1000 controller
PV-1000
Tesla coil modified to produce musical tones
a low fidelity square wave like sound reminiscent of an analog synthesizer. The high-frequency signal acts in effect as a carrier wave; its frequency
Singing_Tesla_coil
CPU made by Ricoh for the Nintendo NES
(Audio Processing Units). The first APU contains two general purpose square wave channels with 4 duty cycles, similar to the sound generators seen on
Ricoh_2A03
Electric current that periodically reverses direction
guitar amplifiers, different waveforms are used, such as triangular waves or square waves. Audio and radio signals carried on electrical wires are also examples
Alternating_current
1989 studio album by T-Square
Wave is the fourteenth studio album by Japanese jazz fusion band T-Square. It was released on March 21, 1989. From 1978 to 1986, their music would strictly
Wave_(T-Square_album)
Signal with equal energy per octave
sine waves with different frequencies, whose amplitudes fall off inversely with the square root of frequency u (so that power, which is the square of amplitude
Pink_noise
This is a list of wave topics. Contents: Top 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Index_of_wave_articles
Atari digital I/O chip
source for pseudorandom numbers. It produces four voices of distinctive square wave audio, either as clear tones or modified with distortion settings. Neubauer
POKEY
Description of a quantum-mechanical system
monochromatic wave of infinite extent, which is not square-integrable. Likewise a position eigenstate would be a Dirac delta distribution, not square-integrable
Schrödinger_equation
Instrument for displaying time-varying signals
square-wave signal of a definite peak-to-peak voltage available at a test terminal on the front panel. Some better oscilloscopes also have a squared-off
Oscilloscope
Rule in telecommunications
well when the modulating signal contains discontinuities, such as a square wave. Carson's rule originates from John Renshaw Carson's 1922 paper. Carson's
Carson_bandwidth_rule
Electronic musical keyboard instrument
used a vacuum tube oscillator to produce a buzzy waveform, almost a square wave, which could then be altered using high-pass and low-pass filtering,
Clavioline
arguments. The integral of the Dirac delta function. Sawtooth wave Square wave Triangle wave Rectangular function Floor function: Largest integer less than
List of mathematical functions
List_of_mathematical_functions
Polarity-switching electronic circuit
will generate a square wave voltage waveform across the load. For a purely inductive load, the current waveform would be a triangle wave, with its peak
H-bridge
Unexpectedly large transient ocean surface wave
Rogue waves (also known as freak waves, monster waves, or killer waves) are large and unpredictable surface waves that can be extremely dangerous to ships
Rogue_wave
Electronic test equipment
interpolate) between these values and the result is the desired square wave. By comparison, a triangle wave could be produced from the same data simply by setting
Arbitrary_waveform_generator
Measure used in radio engineering and telecommunications
loss, these ratios are identical. The power standing wave ratio (PSWR) is defined as the square of the VSWR, however, this deprecated term has no direct
Standing_wave_ratio
Frequency at which a CPU chip or core is operating
oscillator produces a fixed sine wave—the frequency reference signal. Electronic circuitry translates that into a square wave at the same frequency for digital
Clock_rate
Genre of electronic music
vocals, soft leads with a round attack or an acoustic lead, subbass or a square wave bass with a modulating filter, and a four-to-the-floor or 2-step garage
Future_garage
Style of synthesized electronic music
pulse wave (whose timbre can be varied by modifying the duty cycle), square wave (a symmetrical pulse wave producing only odd overtones), triangle wave (which
Chiptune
Class of electrical signals
Instrumentation Group (IRIG) time codes Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Square wave Timecode [1] Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine M. Siccardi,
Pulse-per-second_signal
Electronic circuit
number of pulses counted, and generates a square wave at the required frequency. The leading edge of this square wave is used to derive a reset pulse to discharge
Digitally controlled oscillator
Digitally_controlled_oscillator
SQUARE WAVE
SQUARE WAVE
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, French, German, Scottish
Steward; Stewart is Clan Name of the Royal House of Scotland; Surname; House Guard
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Squire.
Boy/Male
English American
Shieldbearer.
Male
Swedish
Swedish name derived from Old Norse stúra, STURE means "obstinate."
Male
English
French form of English Stewart, STUART means "house guard; steward." In use by the English and Scottish.
Boy/Male
English
Shieldbearer.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Squire.
Boy/Male
Italian
Squire.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English
Shield Bearer; Knight's Companion
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Shield Bearer
Boy/Male
Indian
Cover
Male
Chinese
square, in the sense of correctness.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name from Middle English squyer ‘esquire’, ‘a man belonging to the feudal rank immediately below that of knight’ (from Old French esquier ‘shield bearer’). At first it denoted a young man of good birth attendant on a knight, or by extension any attendant or servant, but by the 14th century the meaning had been generalized, and referred to social status rather than age. By the 17th century, the term denoted any member of the landed gentry, but this is unlikely to have influenced the development of the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a frugal person, from Middle English spare ‘sparing’, ‘frugal’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Squire.
Girl/Female
British, English
Bless
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Spear.
Boy/Male
British, English
Spear-man
Boy/Male
French Latin
A squire.
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American English Scottish
Steward.
SQUARE WAVE
SQUARE WAVE
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Parsi
Lovely; Beautiful
Boy/Male
British, English
From the Army Land
Female
Egyptian
, the wife of Harbenen.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English treulac ‘fidelity’.
Girl/Female
Indian
Kind, Faithful and devoted
Girl/Female
Australian, German, Latin
Female Bear; Form of Ursula
Boy/Male
Australian, French, German
Child of Easter
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Witness
Boy/Male
Tamil
Who has strength of An elephant
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, Australian, Pashtun, Swahili
Enlightment; Noble
SQUARE WAVE
SQUARE WAVE
SQUARE WAVE
SQUARE WAVE
SQUARE WAVE
a.
Forming a right angle; as, a square corner.
n.
A square. See 1st Squire.
imp. & p. p.
of Squire
n.
To multiply by itself; as, to square a number or a quantity.
a.
Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or leave the accounts square.
a.
Of or pertaining to a square, or to squares; resembling a quadrate, or square; square.
n.
To place at right angles with the keel; as, to square the yards.
n.
To form with right angles and straight lines, or flat surfaces; as, to square mason's work.
v. t.
To attend as a squire.
n.
To make even, so as leave no remainder of difference; to balance; as, to square accounts.
n.
The product of a number or quantity multiplied by itself; thus, 64 is the square of 8, for 8 / 8 = 64; the square of a + b is a2 + 2ab + b2.
n.
One who, or that which, squares.
a.
Rendering equal justice; exact; fair; honest, as square dealing.
n.
A square; a measure; a rule.
imp. & p. p.
of Square
n.
An instrument having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges, used to lay out or test square work. It is of several forms, as the T square, the carpenter's square, the try-square., etc.
a.
Having four equal sides and four right angles; as, a square figure.
n.
Having the toe square.
n.
A square piece or fragment.
n.
Hence, anything which is square, or nearly so