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Imperial Japan's use of the Shinto religion
State Shintō (国家神道 or 國家神道, Kokka Shintō) was Imperial Japan's ideological use of the Japanese folk religion and traditions of Shinto. The state exercised
State_Shinto
Religion from Japan
of Shintō such as popular Shintō, folk Shintō, domestic Shintō, sectarian Shintō, imperial house Shintō, shrine Shintō, state Shintō, new Shintō religions
Shinto
Post-WWII order issued by Allied Occupation Authorities
The Shinto Directive was an order issued in 1945 to the Japanese government by Occupation authorities to abolish state support for the Shinto religion
Shinto_Directive
Shinto shrine attendant
Shinto priests (神職, shinshoku) are members of the clergy at a Shinto shrine (神社, jinja) responsible for maintaining the shrine and leading worship of the
Shinto_priest
Practice of Shinto outside Japan
Overseas Shinto designates the practice of the Japanese religion of Shinto outside Japan itself. Shinto has spread abroad by various methods, including
Overseas_Shinto
Buddhist influence from kami worship and formed State Shinto, which some historians regard as the origin of Shinto as a distinct religion. Shrines came under
History_of_Shinto
Non-mainstream Shinto sects
government-sponsored State Shinto in 1882. In contrast to mainstream Shrine Shinto, which primarily emphasizes ritualistic practices, Sect Shinto often focuses
Sect_Shinto
The term Shinto, which now refers to a Japanese religion, derives ultimately from Chinese. The term Shinto is often broadly translated into English as
Etymology_of_Shinto
Animistic religion of Jōmon-period Japan
Ko-Shintō (古神道) refers to the animist religion of Japan before Buddhism and other foreign religions like Confucianism. Koshinto is the alleged basis of
Ko-Shintō
Religion in Korea
use of the traditional folk practices of Japan, later described as "State Shinto." As Japan expanded its control of Korea, it also expanded the number
Shinto_in_Korea
Religious wedding ceremony in Japan
Shinto weddings, Shinzen kekkon, Shinzenkekkon (神前結婚, "Marriage before the kami"), began in Japan during the early 20th century, popularized after the
Shinto_wedding
Divine being in Shinto
spiritual, or natural phenomena that are venerated in the traditional Shinto religion of Japan. Kami can be elements of the landscape, forces of nature
Kami
Japanese sacred texts
Shinto texts (神典, Shinten) are the holy books of Shinto. The main two books are the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki, collectively called the Kiki (記紀). Tennōki
Shinto_texts
Mainstream non-doctrinal Shinto
Shrine Shinto is a form of the Shinto religion. It has two main varieties: State Shinto, a pre-World War II variant, and another centered on Shinto shrines
Shrine_Shinto
Japanese shrine of the Shinto religion
A Shinto shrine (神社, jinja; archaic: shinsha, meaning: 'kami shrine') is a structure whose main purpose is to house ("enshrine") one or more kami, the
Shinto_shrine
Japanese syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism
"jumbling up" or "contamination of kami and buddhas"), is the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism that was Japan's main organized religion up until the Meiji
Shinbutsu-shūgō
Establishment of State Shinto Shrines
organizational aspect of the establishment of Japanese State Shinto. This system classified Shinto shrines as either official government shrines or "other"
Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines
Modern_system_of_ranked_Shinto_shrines
(Pew Research Center 2023) Note: Shinto is not listed separately, as few respondents explicitly identify as Shinto. Practices may be included under "Others"
Religion_in_Japan
Public holiday in Japan
state in Japan's postwar constitution. Pre-1945 State Shinto or Kokka Shinto is defined as the Shinto activities surrounding the support of government
Vernal_Equinox_Day
Traditional Japanese esoteric cosmology and divination system
Tensha Shinto Prohibition Ordinance [ja], but it was permitted again after the propagation of religious freedom and the abolition of State Shinto in 1945
Onmyōdō
This is the glossary of Shinto, including major terms on the subject. Words followed by an asterisk (*) are illustrated by an image in one of the photo
Glossary_of_Shinto
and women of great services to the state of Hawaii. "Shrines and Hawaiians of Japanese descent". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Kokugakuin University. Retrieved
List of Shinto shrines in the United States
List_of_Shinto_shrines_in_the_United_States
Small table, desk or platform used during Shinto ceremonies
needed] Glossary of Shinto, for an explanation of terms concerning Shinto, Shinto art, and Shinto shrine architecture. Basic Terms of Shinto, Kokugakuin University
An_(Shinto)
native to Japanese beliefs and religious traditions. Many of these are from Shinto, while others were imported via Buddhism and were "integrated" into Japanese
List_of_Japanese_deities
Government based on Islamic law
An Islamic state has a form of government based on sharia. As a term, it has been used to describe various historical polities and theories of governance
Islamic_state
Divisions of the Japanese folk religion
Shinto (神道, shintō), the folk religion of Japan, developed a diversity of schools and sects, outbranching from the original Ko-Shintō (ancient Shintō)
Shinto_sects_and_schools
traditions of Shinto, including a unique form of participation as temple stewards and shamans, or miko. Though a ban on female Shinto priests was lifted
Women_in_Shinto
Religion or creed endorsed by the state
Anglican body, was the official state and national church of the Kingdom of Hawaii. Japanese Empire: see details in the State Shintō article. Netherlands: Article
State_religion
Controversies of a Shinto shrine in Japan
Yūshūkan in Tokyo, Japan. The shrine is based on State Shinto, as opposed to traditional Japanese Shinto, and has a close history with statism in Shōwa
Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine
Controversies_surrounding_Yasukuni_Shrine
Japanese government agency
Ministry of Religion. Shinto: A History. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. 2016-12-01. ISBN 978-0-19-062171-1. "Glossary of Shinto Names and Terms:
Ministry_of_Divinities
Form of government with religious leaders
Kahanism Halachic state Kach Party (Israel) Others: Devaraja Divine right of kings Hindu law Khalistan State Shinto (Japan) State religion Wintrobe,
Theocracy
Japanese far-right organisation
to promote "patriotic education" and a nationalist interpretation of State Shinto, negationist views in regards to World War II, and supports official
Nippon_Kaigi
Prime Minister of Japan (2006–2007; 2012–2020)
conservative parliamentary groups such as the Diet members’ league of the Shinto Association of Spiritual Leadership, the 50th Anniversary of the End of
Shinzo_Abe
Religion in Manchukuo, a Japanese puppet state, included State Shinto, Chinese folk religion, Buddhism, shamanism, along with both Russian Orthodoxy and
Religion_in_Manchukuo
Japanese historical law
(氏子調, Ujiko shirabe) was a law in Japan that forcibly registered people in Shinto Shrines. It was implemented by the Meiji government from 1871 (Meiji 4)
Shrine Parishioner Registration
Shrine_Parishioner_Registration
Emperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989
Hirohito's state funeral was held at the Shinjuku Gyo-en, and unlike that of his predecessor, it was formal but not conducted in a strictly Shinto manner
Hirohito
Empire of Japan policy to merge shrines
an effort by the Government of Meiji Japan to abolish numerous smaller Shinto shrines and consolidate their functions with larger regional shrines. In
Shrine_Consolidation_Policy
Japanese shrines for war dead
Hiroshima Gokoku Shrine. After the issuance of the Shinto Directive by GHQ after World War II, the state no longer had the authority to direct and supervise
Gokoku_shrines
Puppet state of the Empire of Japan from 1943–1945
The State of Burma (Burmese: ဗမာနိုင်ငံတော်, MLCTS: ba.ma nuingngamtau; Japanese: ビルマ國, Biruma-koku) was a Japanese puppet state established in 1943 during
State_of_Burma
Japanese nation state from 1868 to 1947
Although the Empire of Japan officially had no state religion, Shinto played an important part for the Japanese state. Marius Jansen states: "The Meiji government
Empire_of_Japan
opposition to the Japanese effort to merge native Korean shamanism with State Shinto. With the division of Korea into two states after 1945, the North and
Religion_in_South_Korea
Shinto Organization
Bureau of Shinto Affairs (神道事務局, Shinto Jimukyoku) was the successor to the Great Teaching Institute, which was founded in 1875. In the religious administration
Bureau_of_Shinto_Affairs
Canadian psychologist (born 1962)
recalled that Peterson's lectures had "something akin to a cult following", stating, "I remember students crying on the last day of class because they wouldn't
Jordan_Peterson
Principle to separate religious and civil institutions
occupation (1945–52) "State Shinto" was considered to have been used as a propaganda tool to propel the Japanese people to war. The Shinto Directive issued
Separation of church and state
Separation_of_church_and_state
Former Japanese government agency
Shrines, which oversaw State Shinto, and the Bureau of Religions, which oversaw other religions including Buddhism, and Sect Shinto. In short, the Home Ministry's
Bureau_of_Shrines
Prime Minister of Hungary since 2026
members of the National Assembly; removed Fidesz appointees from the helm of state-funded institutions; established government agencies to reappropriate public
Péter_Magyar
Japanese Edo period academic movement
consolidation of State Shinto in the Meiji era. It promoted a unified, scientifically grounded and politically powerful vision of Shinto against Buddhism
Kokugaku
Shinto shrine in Tokyo, Japan
or 靖國神社, Hepburn: Yasukuni Jinja; lit. 'Peaceful Country Shrine') is a Shinto shrine located in Chiyoda, Tokyo. It was founded by Emperor Meiji in June
Yasukuni_Shrine
Founding Father, U.S. president 1797 to 1801
our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions, they cannot alter the state of facts and evidence". Adams won an acquittal for six of the soldiers.
John_Adams
Architecture of Japanese Shinto shrines
Shinto architecture is the architecture of Japanese Shinto shrines. With a few exceptions like Ise Grand Shrine and Izumo Taisha, Shinto shrines before
Shinto_architecture
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Shinto in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Shinto is the native religion and former state religion of Japan that is characterized by a veneration
Shinto_(disambiguation)
President of the United States from 1981 to 1989
After being elected governor of California in 1966, he raised state taxes, turned the state budget deficit into a surplus, and implemented crackdowns on
Ronald_Reagan
related to Shinto shrines. For lists of Shinto shrines, see: List of Shinto shrines in Japan List of Shinto shrines in Kyoto List of Shinto shrines outside
List_of_Shinto_shrines
Political ideology in Japan
State ultranationalism (超國家主義 or 超国家主義, Chōkokkashugi; lit. "ultra-statism") or simply ultranationalism (ウルトラナショナリズム, Urutoranashonarizumu), refers mainly
Ultranationalism_(Japan)
New religious movements founded in Japan since mid-19th century
religions') or "old new religions", which were directly influenced by Shinto (the state religion) and shamanism. The social tension continued to grow during
Japanese_new_religions
Separation of Shinto from Buddhism
separation of Shinto from Buddhism, introduced after the Meiji Restoration which separated Shinto kami from buddhas, and also Buddhist temples from Shinto shrines
Shinbutsu_bunri
Christian government in which society is ruled by divine law
has not prescribed their intervention (the "regulative principle of the state"). Theonomy is distinct from the "theonomous ethics" proposed by Paul Tillich
Theonomy
Shinto music is the ceremonial and festive music of Shinto (神道), the indigenous religion of Japan. Its origin myth is the erotic dance of Ame-no-Uzume-no-Mikoto
Shinto_music
Religious organization in Japan
The Association of Shinto Shrines (神社本庁, Jinja Honchō) is a religious administrative organisation that oversees about 80,000 Shinto shrines in Japan. These
Association_of_Shinto_Shrines
Relationship between national identity and religion
Right rally in 2017. The "State Shinto" term was used to categorize, and promote, Imperial Japanese practices that relied on Shinto to support Japan's nationalistic
Religious_nationalism
Japanese founder of Konkōkyō (1814–1883)
Shirakawa (白川) house of Shintō. After his death, some disciples sought official recognition for Konkokyo as one of the official Sect Shintō organizations in
Konko_Daijin
Jewish nationalist movement
Judaism—itself central to Jewish history. Zionists wanted to create a Jewish state in Palestine with as much land, as many Jews, and as few Palestinian Arabs
Zionism
Post-World War II occupation of Japan
granted legal status. On December 15, 1945, the Shinto Directive was issued, abolishing Shinto as a state religion and prohibiting some of its teachings
Occupation_of_Japan
Japanese idea on the separation of Church and State
for the state's administration and played a central role in debates over the relationship between Shinto, religion, and the modern Japanese state. In the
Secular_Shrine_Theory
Jewish state governed by Jewish religious law
The term "halachic state" (Hebrew: מְדִינַת הֲלָכָה, romanized: Medīnat Hălāḵā) refers to a sovereign state that endorses Judaism in an official capacity
Halachic_state
American conservative website and media company
the Daily Wire had 890,000 paid subscribers. In November 2022, Boreing stated that they had surpassed 1 million subscribers. In January 2023, conservative
The_Daily_Wire
Former Japanese state Shinto organization
the former state agencies of Japan, in the Ministry of the Interior's foreign bureau. Its purpose was to increase the prestige of Shintoism among the people
Institute_of_Divinities
Japanese biological and chemical warfare research facility (1936–1945)
was located in the Pingfang district of Harbin, in the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo (now part of Northeast China), and maintained multiple branches
Unit_731
Political ideology in Japan
traditionalism, ultranationalism, Japanese militarism, imperialism, Pan-Asianism, State Shinto, and a dirigiste economy, presenting itself as a distinctively Japanese
Kokkashugi
well as the ascendancy of State Shinto to almost all walks of Japanese life. Following the end of World War II, the State Shinto machine was mostly disassembled
History_of_religion_in_Japan
aspects of Japan's wartime past, such as by visiting the Yasukuni Shrine, a Shinto shrine in Tokyo commemorating the 2,466,532 who died in service of Japan
Conservatism_in_Japan
Kojiki and other classic Shintō texts which teach the superiority of the Sun Goddess Amaterasu. This formed the basis for State Shinto, as the Japanese emperor
Japanese_nationalism
Shinto shrine in Tokyo, Japan
Karasumori Shrine (烏森神社, Karasumori Jinja) is a Shinto shrine located in Minato, Tokyo. It enshrines Ukanomitama (Inari Ōkami), Ame-no-Uzume and Ninigi-no-Mikoto
Karasumori_Shrine
Shinto shrine in Japan
伊勢神宮, Hepburn: Ise Jingū), located in Ise, Mie Prefecture of Japan, is a Shinto shrine dedicated to the solar goddess Amaterasu Ōmikami and the grain goddess
Ise_Shrine
Japanese scholar and philosopher (1730–1801)
religion and laws which were later used in the development of an idea of State Shinto. Norinaga took the view that the heritage of ancient Japan was one of
Motoori_Norinaga
Nationalism that equates 'state identity' with 'nation identity'
unique form of Kokkashugi is closer to religious nationalism centered on State Shinto than to Minzokushugi (民族主義), variously translated as "ethnic nationalism"
State_nationalism
Position that religion should not influence civic and state affairs
commonly thought of as the separation of religion from civil affairs and the state and may be broadened to a similar position seeking to remove or to minimize
Secularism
Japanese author and coup attempt leader (1925–1970)
life. Later in 1941, Mishima wrote an essay about his deep devotion to Shintō, titled The Way of the Gods (惟神之道, Kannagara no michi). Mishima's story
Yukio_Mishima
Japanese poet and writer (1883–1954)
Pan-Asianism Patriotism Racism Chinese Korean Russian Reactionary Sovereignty State Shinto Supremacism Wa Xenophobia Yamato-damashii History Sonnō jōi Meiji Restoration
Harukichi_Shimoi
Nationalism in the form of aggressive foreign policy
jingoism. In an article on 23 October 1895 in The New York Times, Roosevelt stated: "There is much talk about 'jingoism'. If by 'jingoism' they mean a policy
Jingoism
Belief that is strongly at variance with customs
commentaries given by both religions today. A similar situation happened with Shinto in Japan. Neo-Confucian heresy has also been described. In classical Hinduism
Heresy
Leader of Francoist Spain from 1939 to 1975
the office of head of state since 1967—due to his advanced age and illness. Nevertheless, he remained in power as the head of state and as commander-in-chief
Francisco_Franco
1910–1945 colony of the Empire of Japan
participation in the State Shinto devotions, and by weakening the influences of both Christianity and traditional religion. Shinto shrines were established
Korea_under_Japanese_rule
German polymath (1880–1936)
a whole; higher representation in stages up to a supreme council of the state; mandates revocable at any time; no organized parties, no professional politicians
Oswald_Spengler
Non-denominationalism in Nazi Germany
When Hitler and the NSDAP got into power in 1933, they sought to assert state control over the churches, on the one hand through the Reichskonkordat with
Gottgläubig
Chancellor of Germany from 1871 to 1890
his domestic political maneuvering, Bismarck created the first welfare state, with the goal of undermining his socialist opponents. In the 1870s, he
Otto_von_Bismarck
Part of the ideological identity of Francoism
through which the Spanish dictator Francisco Franco governed the Spanish State between 1939 and 1975. Its most visible manifestation was the hegemony that
National_Catholicism
French general and statesman (1890–1970)
statesman who led the Free French Forces against Nazi Germany and its puppet state of Vichy France in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of
Charles_de_Gaulle
Japanese state religion office, 700–1871
Department of Divinities (神祇官, jingi-kan), also known as the Department of Shinto Affairs, Department of Rites, Department of Worship, as well as Council
Department_of_Divinities
Japanese political concept
Vol. 13.3 (Feb., 1974), pp. 209–226. Antoni, Klaus Kokutai – Political Shintô from Early-Modern to Contemporary Japan. Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen
Kokutai
Austria and its monarchy abolished. Napoleon attempted to recreate a Polish state in the form of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807, crowning Frederick Augustus
Monarchism_in_Poland
nationalism and traditional warrior values until reforms dismantled state Shinto at the end of World War II, introducing a democratic constitution, and
Culture_of_Japan
English writer and polymath (1709–1784)
independence from Britain as the United States, Johnson stated that he was "deeply disturbed" with the "state of this kingdom". Mr Thrale's death was a very essential
Samuel_Johnson
Indian Hindu nationalist political ideology
political rhetoric and sometimes misinformation to justify the idea of a Hindu state. This movement has often been criticised for misusing Hindu religious sentiments
Hindutva
Scottish philosopher, historian, economist and essayist (1711–1776)
chargé d'affaires in Paris, writing "despatches to the British Secretary of State". He wrote of his Paris life, "I really wish often for the plain roughness
David_Hume
Leader of the Republic of China from 1928 to 1975
measures but which were also used to suppress opposition to the one-party state; the repression continued beyond his death until after the mid-1980s. For
Chiang_Kai-shek
Empire of Japan's sole political party during much of World War II
from politics and economics in Japan, creating a totalitarian one-party state in order to maximize the efficiency of Japan's total war effort against
Imperial Rule Assistance Association
Imperial_Rule_Assistance_Association
American physician
his Kinetic Concepts employees, Susan Weddington of San Antonio, was the state chairman of the Republican Party of Texas from 1997 to 2003. His other business
James_R._Leininger
President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986
Rudy Giuliani. Reagan tacitly approved. On August 4, Marcos stated that he had head of state immunity to resist subpoenas by a federal grand jury to produce
Ferdinand_Marcos
Political ideology of Viktor Orbán
and developed" into an "illiberal state". In Orbanism, the civil society's role is diminished in favor of a strong state. In 2024, for instance, the Sovereignty
Orbanism
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