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Form of type polymorphism
its own subtyping relation, which may well be trivial, should the language support no (or very little) conversion mechanisms. Due to the subtyping relation
Subtyping
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up subtype in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Subtype may refer to: Viral subtypes, such as Subtypes of HIV Subtyping, a form of type polymorphism
Subtype
Process of deriving classes from, and organizing them into, a hierarchy
with subtyping. In some languages, generally statically-typed class-based OO languages, like C++, C#, Java, and Scala, inheritance and subtyping agree
Inheritance (object-oriented programming)
Inheritance_(object-oriented_programming)
In object-oriented programming, behavioral subtyping is the principle that subclasses should satisfy the expectations of clients accessing subclass objects
Behavioral_subtyping
Object-oriented programming principle
principle (LSP) is a particular definition of a subtyping relation, called strong behavioral subtyping, that was initially introduced by Barbara Liskov
Liskov_substitution_principle
Using one interface or symbol with regards to multiple different types
instead uses abstract symbols that can substitute for any type. Subtyping (also called subtype polymorphism or inclusion polymorphism): when a name denotes
Polymorphism (computer science)
Polymorphism_(computer_science)
Major class of type system in computer science
isomorphic to an existing type. In a similar fashion, nominal subtyping means that one type is a subtype of another if and only if it is explicitly declared to
Nominal_type_system
Programming language concept
"list of Cat" will be a subtype of "list of Animal", because the list type constructor is covariant. This means that the subtyping relation of the simple
Type_variance
Class of type systems
type, which is invoked implicitly. Structural subtyping is arguably more flexible than nominative subtyping, as it permits the creation of ad hoc types
Structural_type_system
Variants of the human immunodeficiency virus
There are two main subtypes of HIV, known as HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV type 2 (HIV-2). These subtypes have distinct genetic differences and are associated
Subtypes_of_HIV
Type system
the subtype hierarchy. However, because subtyping is transitive, that results in every type becoming related to every other type, and so subtyping would
Gradual_typing
American computer scientist
principle, which applies these ideas to object-oriented programming, subtyping, and inheritance. Her work was recognized with the 2008 Turing Award,
Barbara_Liskov
Subtype of Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (A/H1N1) is a subtype of influenza A virus (IAV). Some human-adapted strains of H1N1 are endemic in humans and are one cause
Influenza A virus subtype H1N1
Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H1N1
Subtype of influenza A virus
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 (A/H5N1) is a subtype of the influenza A virus, which causes the disease avian influenza (often referred to as "bird flu")
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1
Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N1
Type of programming language
and behavior as an object. A language that also supports inheritance or subtyping is classified as object-oriented. Even though object-oriented programming
Object-based_language
Subsumption relationship between abstractions
another class B (and so B is a superclass of A). In other words, type A is a subtype of type B when A's specification implies B's specification. That is, any
Is-a
Type system used in computer programming and mathematics
types of polymorphism, namely subtyping in connection with object-oriented programming and overloading. While subtyping is incompatible with HM, a variant
Hindley–Milner_type_system
Applying polymorphic functions to arguments of different types
at compile time, it is not a substitute for late binding as found in subtyping polymorphism. The previous section notwithstanding, there are other ways
Ad_hoc_polymorphism
Programming which all objects are created by classes
arises precisely because subclassing implies subtyping even in the instances where the principle of subtyping, known as the Liskov substitution principle
Class_(programming)
Outdated grouping of human beings
type" which he considered to be distinct from Caucasians, rather than a subtype of it as others had done. While Blumenbach had erroneously thought that
Caucasian_race
Programming paradigm based on objects
are created. In fact, subtype polymorphism as enforced by the type checker in OOP languages cannot guarantee behavioral subtyping in most if not all contexts
Object-oriented_programming
Bleeding within the skull
subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, and subdural hematoma. Each subtype has distinct causes, clinical features, and treatment approaches. Acute
Intracranial_hemorrhage
Hardware verification language
mechanisms in e. Subtyping is the prime example of what object-oriented languages without aspect-oriented features can not accomplish. Subtyping allows a verification
E_(verification_language)
German submarine class of World War II
the Atlantic during World War II. The Type VII came in several subtypes: The first subtype VIIA had some shortcomings in handling, range and armament, and
Type_VII_submarine
Spoken interjection in English
with four subtypes. The first is used to elicit confirmation (1a), which can be used in sentences like "So that's what he thinks, eh?" A subtype of this
Eh
American serial killer (1946–1989)
remorse or empathy at all." Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) and its subtype malignant narcissism have both been proposed as alternative diagnoses in
Ted_Bundy
Ionotropic receptor and ligand-gated ion channel
channel family with a dozen or more heterotetrametric subtypes and 19 distinct subunits. These subtypes have distinct brain regional and subcellular localization
GABAA_receptor
Country in South America
tropical. According to the Köppen system, Brazil hosts six major climatic subtypes: desert, equatorial, tropical, semiarid, oceanic and subtropical. The different
Brazil
Chemical compound
GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator (PAM) selective for the α4β3δ subtype, which is not targeted by other GABAA receptor PAMs such as the benzodiazepines
DS-1_(drug)
Topics referred to by the same term
implementation Bounded quantification, restricts type parameters to a range of subtypes Subtyping, different classes related by some common superclass can be used in
Polymorphism
Feature of some programming languages
as a term's declared or inferred type (or base type in a language with subtyping) is used to determine which of several possibilities will be used at a
Multiple_dispatch
Third planet from the Sun
continental and cold polar), which are further divided into more specific subtypes. The Köppen system rates regions based on observed temperature and precipitation
Earth
Chemical compound
a drug which acts as a selective antagonist for the serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT1D, with around 60x selectivity over other related receptors. The 5-HT1D
BRL-15572
Classical male singing voice
(B♭2 to C5) in operatic music – but the range can extend at either end. Subtypes of the tenor include the leggero tenor, lyric tenor, spinto tenor, dramatic
Tenor
Chemical compound
hypnotic. U-90042 is a GABAA agonist acting primarily at the α1, α3 and α6 subtypes, with a Ki of 7.8nM at α1, 9.5nM at α3 and 11.0nM at α6. It produces sedation
U-90042
Style of dynamic typing in object-oriented programming
to Elm". Retrieved 30 January 2017. "PEP 544 – Protocols: Structural subtyping (static duck typing)". Archived from the original on 19 October 2022.
Duck_typing
Class of animals with milk-producing glands
complex carbohydrates such as cellulose. An herbivorous diet includes subtypes such as granivory (seed eating), folivory (leaf eating), frugivory (fruit
Mammal
Subtype of serotonin receptor
The 5-HT2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and functions as a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
5-HT2A_receptor
Mood disorder
ancient idea of melancholia still survives in the notion of a melancholic subtype. The new definitions of depression were widely accepted, albeit with some
Major_depressive_disorder
Model of the human psyche used as a personality typology
personality types is understood as having three "instinctual subtypes". These subtypes are believed to be formed according to which one of three instinctual
Enneagram_of_Personality
Gland-forming cancer
resected lung cancer with emphasis on the relevance of the adenocarcinoma subtyping". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 81 (6): 1988–95. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2006.01
Acinar_adenocarcinoma
Personality disorder
and consequences. Empirical evidence suggests several subtypes of NPD may exist (see the Subtypes section below), but in general, the disorder is known
Narcissistic personality disorder
Narcissistic_personality_disorder
Chemical compound
many older GABAA agonists, saripidem is highly subtype selective and binds primarily to the ω1 subtype. Sanger DJ (March 1995). "Behavioural effects of
Saripidem
G protein-coupled receptor
three highly homologous subtypes, α1A-, α1B-, and α1D-adrenergic. There is no α1C receptor. At one time, there was a subtype known as α1C, but it was
Alpha-1_adrenergic_receptor
Ongoing global outbreak of avian flu H5N1
Since 2020, outbreaks of avian influenza subtype H5N1 have been occurring, with cases reported from every continent. Some species of wild aquatic birds
2020–2026_H5N1_outbreak
Species of virus
the disease spreads depends on the subtype of the VEE virus and the density of mosquito populations. Enzootic subtypes of VEE are diseases endemic to certain
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Venezuelan_equine_encephalitis_virus
Chemical compound
cannabinoid ligand, with a binding affinity of Ki = 2.9 ± 1.6 nM for the CB2 subtype, and Ki = 23 ± 7 nM for CB1. JWH-015 JWH-018 JWH-019 JWH-073 "Stoffe gem
JWH-057
Psychological disorder
substantiated evidence. The condition encompasses two primary clinical subtypes: obsessional jealousy and delusional jealousy, the latter also referred
Pathological_jealousy
Human retrovirus, cause of AIDS
infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the HIV subtype. In most cases, HIV is a sexually transmitted infection and is transmitted
HIV
Topics referred to by the same term
animal, as experienced by the therian subculture, sometimes considered a subtype of otherkinity Theria, a subclass of mammals referred to as 'therians'
Therianthropy
Genetic condition involving hearing loss and depigmentation
different types, and some of these have been given their own lettered subtypes. Most types are autosomal dominant. The estimated prevalence of Waardenburg
Waardenburg_syndrome
Mental distress due to gender incongruence
gender dysphoria, after criticisms that the former term was stigmatizing. Subtyping by sexual orientation was deleted. The diagnosis for children was separated
Gender_dysphoria
Autoimmune disease
studies and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid. There are several subtypes based on the areas of weakness, results of nerve conduction studies, and
Guillain–Barré_syndrome
Type of classical male vocal range
(G2 to G4) in operatic music, but the range can extend at either end. Subtypes of baritone include the baryton-Martin baritone (light baritone), lyric
Baritone
Curve that winds around a central point
a point, moving further away as it revolves around the point. It is a subtype of whorled patterns, a broad group that also includes concentric objects
Spiral
Female urogenital fissure
Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a subtype of female urogenital fistula. Vesicovaginal fistula, or VVF, is an abnormal fistulous tract extending between
Vesicovaginal_fistula
Umbrella term covering two types of dementia
Lewy body dementia (LBD) is an umbrella term for two similar and common subtypes of dementia: dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia
Lewy_body_dementia
Extent to which a programming language discourages type errors
The precise requirement is more subtle than this — see, for example, subtyping and polymorphism for complications. Intuitively, type soundness is captured
Type_safety
Virus subtype
Influenza A virus subtype H3N2 (A/H3N2) is a subtype of influenza A virus (IAV). Some human-adapted strains of A/H3N2 are endemic in humans and are one
Influenza A virus subtype H3N2
Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H3N2
Chemical compound
glands. It can be used as a biomarker for guiding primary aldosteronism subtyping in adrenal vein sampling where blood samples are taken from both adrenal
11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione
Autoantibodies
Anti-topoisomerase antibodies (ATA) are autoantibodies directed against topoisomerase and found in several diseases, most importantly scleroderma. Diseases
Anti-topoisomerase_antibodies
Identifier for file formats
subtype, which is further structured into a tree. A media type can optionally define a suffix and parameters: mime-type = type "/" [tree "."] subtype
Media_type
Protein family
with the Gi heterotrimeric G-protein. It consists of three homologous subtypes, α2A-, α2B-, and α2C-adrenergic. Some species other than humans express
Alpha-2_adrenergic_receptor
Species of virus
exists within viral subtypes which may lead to significant differences in behavior. Due to the high variability of the virus, subtyping is not sufficient
Influenza_A_virus
Chemical compound
acts as a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It is used in scientific research
PNU-120,596
Climate classification
The polar climate regions are characterized by a lack of warm summers but with varying winters. Every month a polar climate has an average temperature
Polar_climate
Disconnect of the target of sexual arousal from the self
Aegosexuality is a subtype of asexuality characterized by a lack of desire to have sex or form sexual relationships with others while still experiencing
Aegosexuality
with subtyping), and has problems such as: Checking that the type system admits transitivity of subtyping. Checking the transitivity of subtyping in the
POPLmark_challenge
Chemical compound
five muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes but has greater agonistic activity at the M1 and M4 subtypes. Xanomeline/trospium (Cobenfy), is a combination
Xanomeline
Erotic activities meant to impart physical sensations
with the harsher "pain play" and gentler "general sensory play" being subtypes, where an individual may prefer one or the other. Many couples that would
Sensation_play
Military personnel who engage in ground combat
infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and naval infantry. Other subtypes of infantry, such as line infantry and mounted infantry, were once commonplace
Infantry
City and municipality in Catalonia, Spain
wetter than February, which is unusual for the Mediterranean climate. This subtype, labelled as "Portuguese" by the French geographer George Viers after the
Barcelona
"Amulet" in Filipino
Agimat, also known as anting or folklorized as anting-anting, is a Filipino word for "amulet" or "charm". Anting-anting is also a Filipino system of magic
Agimat
Aggressive type of brain cancer
is rarely mutated in this subtype. Loss of heterozygosity in chromosome 10 is also frequently seen in the classical subtype alongside chromosome 7 amplification
Glioblastoma
Progressive neurodegenerative disease
SM, Zeighami Y, Dagher A, et al. (July 2017). "Clinical criteria for subtyping Parkinson's disease: biomarkers and longitudinal progression". Brain.
Parkinson's_disease
Type of classical male singing voice
A bass is a type of classical male singing voice and has the lowest vocal range of all voice types. According to The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, a bass
Bass_(voice_type)
American psychologist
personality disorder subtypes Schizotypal personality disorder subtypes Schizoid personality disorder subtypes Paranoid personality disorder subtypes Antisocial
Theodore_Millon
Medical condition
Nodular sclerosis is a form of Hodgkin lymphoma that is the most common subtype of HL in developed countries. It affects females slightly more than males
Nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma
Nodular_sclerosing_Hodgkin_lymphoma
Country in South America
system, Chile within its borders hosts at least eighteen major climatic subtypes. There are four seasons in most of the country: summer (December to February)
Chile
Basis of generic programming
polymorphism, parameters can be constrained to be subtypes of a given type (see the articles Subtype polymorphism and Generic programming). Parametricity
Parametric_polymorphism
Subtype of white blood cell
immunity and homeostasis), of which natural killer cells are an important subtype (which functions in cell-mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity). They are
Lymphocyte
Species of prokaryote
not toxigenic. Strain subtyping involves comparing species of bacteria and categorizing them into subspecies. Strain subtyping also helps with identifying
Corynebacterium_diphtheriae
Cognitive decline
disorder, with varying degrees of severity (mild to major) and many forms or subtypes. The condition has a significant effect on the individual, their caregivers
Dementia
Topics referred to by the same term
A virus subtype H5N3 Influenza A virus subtype H5N4 Influenza A virus subtype H5N5 Influenza A virus subtype H5N6 Influenza A virus subtype H5N7 Influenza
Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5
Proteins activated by the hormone estrogen
and five ERβ isoforms have been identified. The ERβ isoforms receptor subtypes can transactivate transcription only when a heterodimer with the functional
Estrogen_receptor
One hundred years, from 2001 to 2100
homeless. 2009 flu pandemic – A worldwide outbreak of Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 spread around the world forming a pandemic by June 2009. 2010s 2010
21st_century
Inheritable and overridable function or method for which dynamic dispatch is facilitated
overloading Parametric polymorphism Generic function Generic programming Subtyping Virtual function Single and dynamic dispatch Double dispatch Multiple
Virtual_function
Far-right authoritarian political ideology
were members of the Aryan Race, composed of a mixed Nordic-Mediterranean subtype. In 1938, Mussolini declared upon Italy's adoption of antisemitic laws
Fascism
Rare neurodegenerative disease
at a unique place at the intersection of these complex and overlapping subtypes, which presents a challenge to diagnosis, understanding, and prognosis
ALS
Common type of rain cloud
A nimbostratus cloud is a multilevel, amorphous, nearly uniform, and often dark-grey cloud that usually produces continuous rain, snow, or sleet, but no
Nimbostratus_cloud
Light rail car used in Germany
The Stadtbahnwagen Typ B (translation Type "B" Light Rail Vehicle, short form B-Wagen) is a light rail vehicle used by several Stadtbahn networks in the
Stadtbahnwagen_B
Epidemiology method
data privacy. Microbial subtyping or strain typing is the use of laboratory methods to assign microbial samples to subtypes, which are predefined classifications
Source_attribution
Type of cumulus cloud
stage, succeeding the cumulonimbus calvus stage. Cumulonimbus incus is a subtype of cumulonimbus capillatus. These clouds are commonly associated with severe
Cumulonimbus_incus
Class of G protein-coupled receptors
and β, with 9 subtypes in total: α receptors are subdivided into α1 (a Gq coupled receptor) and α2 (a Gi coupled receptor) α1 has 3 subtypes: α1A, α1B and
Adrenergic_receptor
SSRI antidepressant
other antidepressants in their efficacy in the treatment of different subtypes of depression and in their adverse effects. For severe depression, sertraline
Sertraline
Medical condition of excess body fat
"Obesity and central obesity as risk factors for incident dementia and its subtypes: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Obesity Reviews (Meta-analysis)
Obesity
State of species being unique to a location
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a singular defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined
Endemism
Highest award for the imperial examinations of China
Jinshi (Chinese: 進士; pinyin: jìnshì) was the highest and final degree in the imperial examination in Imperial China. The examination was usually taken
Jinshi
External genitalia of the female mammal
spreads to regional lymph nodes or distant organs. The third most common subtype is vulvar melanoma. Studies have shown that vulvar melanomas appear to
Vulva
Neurodevelopmental disorder
are not considered to be a symptom of ADHD for that person. In DSM-5, subtypes were discarded and reclassified as presentations of the disorder that change
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a variant spelling of Coven.
Girl/Female
British, English
Elf Counselor
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam
The Ganges
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Devotee Towards Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Australian, Christian, French, German, Teutonic
Heroine; Famous Battle; Loud; Famous; Battle
Biblical
one that passes; anger
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lap
Female
Egyptian
, giving.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Hoyt.
Girl/Female
Australian, Finnish, Japanese
In the Middle of the Ocean; Ocean Centred
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING
SUBTYPING