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Supernova at least ten times more luminous than a standard supernova
A superluminous supernova (SLSN, plural superluminous supernovae or SLSNe) is a type of stellar explosion with a luminosity 10 or more times higher than
Superluminous_supernova
2015 hypernova event in the constellation Indus
Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN), with the appearance of a superluminous supernova event. It was first detected on June 14, 2015, located within a
ASASSN-15lh
Astrophysical phenomenon
of supernova candidates List of supernova remnants List of supernovae Quark-nova – Hypothetical explosion of a neutron star Superluminous supernova – Supernova
Supernova
Micronova Supernova Type Ia supernova Type Ib and Ic supernovae Type II supernova Superluminous supernova Hypernova Pair-instability supernova Supernova impostor
List of stellar explosion types
List_of_stellar_explosion_types
Array of robotic optical telescopes
the supernova in an Einstein Cross pattern. In late 2024, the supernova SN 2024afav was discovered by GOTO and classified as a superluminous supernova. Observations
GOTO_(telescope_array)
Nuclear explosion in a white dwarf star
nova Superluminous supernova – Supernova at least ten times more luminous than a standard supernova Supernova – Astrophysical phenomenon Supernova impostor –
Nova
Flash of gamma rays from a distant galaxy
of most observed GRBs is thought to be released during a supernova or superluminous supernova as a high-mass star implodes to form a neutron star or a
Gamma-ray_burst
Supernova that has been lensed
HOLISMOKES XIX: SN 2025wny at $z=2$, the first strongly lensed superluminous supernova, arXiv:2510.21694, retrieved 2026-06-22 Johansson, Joel; Perley
SN_Refsdal
Supernova in the constellation Sextans
SN 1000+0216 was an extremely remote hypernova or superluminous supernova (SLSN), which occurred in between June and November 2006 in the constellation
SN_1000+0216
Ryan-Weber, Emma V.; Horst, Chuck; Omori, Yuuki; Díaz, C. Gonzalo (2012). "Superluminous supernovae at redshifts of 2.05 and 3.90". Nature. 491 (7423): 228–31
List of most distant supernovae
List_of_most_distant_supernovae
Supernova event of June 2018 in the constellation Hercules
time. Common envelope jets supernova – Supernova caused by a giant and compact star merging Superluminous supernova – Supernova at least ten times more luminous
SN_2018cow
Multi-telescope astronomical survey
"PS1-10afx at z=1.388: Pan-STARRS1 Discovery of a New Type of Superluminous Supernova". The Astrophysical Journal. 767 (2): 162. arXiv:1302.0009. Bibcode:2013ApJ
Pan-STARRS
Type of high-energy supernova in very large stars
A pair-instability supernova is a type of supernova predicted to occur when pair production — the production of free electrons and positrons in the collision
Pair-instability_supernova
Stellar system in the constellation Carina
radiation, resulting in a superluminous supernova (SLSN) or hypernova, several times more luminous than a typical core collapse supernova and much longer-lasting
Eta_Carinae
Energetic supernova ievent of 2005 in constellation Coma Berenices
supernova in the galaxy SDSS J130115.12+274327.5. With a peak absolute magnitude of around −22.7, it is the second-brightest superluminous supernova yet
SN_2005ap
Constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere
Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) in 2015 detected a superluminous supernova, named ASASSN-15lh (also designated SN 2015L). Based on the study
Indus_(constellation)
2006 hypernova in constellation Perseus
Jerkstrand, A.; Maeda, K.; Kawabata, K. (2020). "A Type Ia supernova at the heart of superluminous transient SN 2006gy". Science. 367 (6476): 415–418. arXiv:2002
SN_2006gy
Search for supernovae
Texas Supernova Search (TSS) is one of many ongoing projects to identify and record supernova events. The project is led by Robert Quimby and to date
Texas_Supernova_Search
Supernova that ejects a large mass at unusually high velocity
seconds to over a minute in duration. They have also been referred to as superluminous supernovae, though that classification also includes other types of
Hypernova
February 2016 supernova in the constellation Draco
"pulsational pair instability" supernova or possibly a full pair instability supernova. Superluminous supernova – Supernova at least ten times more luminous
SN_2016aps
Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major
(Type SLSN-I, mag. 16.72) was identified as a Type I superluminous supernova. It is the closest supernova of this type observed and also the first to be found
NGC_3191
French astrophysicist (born 1951)
resulting from the accretion of stellar debris. It explains the superluminous supernova SN 2015L, the tidal explosion of a white dwarf before being absorbed
Jean-Pierre_Luminet
G.; Ryan-Weber, E. V.; Horst, C.; Omori, Y.; Díaz, C. G. (2012). "Superluminous supernovae at redshifts of 2.05 and 3.90". Nature. 491 (7423): 228–231
List_of_supernovae
Supernova event in the constellation of Aquarius
SN 2213−1745 was an extremely remote superluminous supernova (SLSN), which occurred in between November 2004 and June 2005. It was discovered in Canada-France-Hawaii
SN_2213−1745
Comparison of a large range of energies
2017). "The unexpected, long-lasting, UV rebrightening of the superluminous supernova ASASSN-15lh". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Orders_of_magnitude_(energy)
2010 transient event in the constellation Delphinus
3×1052 ergs (2.3×1045 Joules), exceeding ASASSN-15lh. It may be a superluminous supernova or a stellar disruption event. The magnitude of the explosion challenges
PS1-10adi
Stellar explosions that appear to be supernovae
Supernova impostors are stellar explosions that appear at first to be a supernova but do not destroy their progenitor stars. As such, they are a class
Supernova_impostor
American-Indian astronomer (born 1956)
succeeded in identifying the new groups of optical transients such as superluminous supernovae, calcium-rich supernovae, and luminous red novae. Some of
Shrinivas_Kulkarni
Collapsed core of a massive star
gravitationally collapsed core of a massive supergiant star. It results from the supernova explosion of a massive star—combined with gravitational collapse—that
Neutron_star
Theoretical stellar remnant
1007/978-3-319-01162-2_3. ISBN 978-3-319-01162-2. "'Black dwarf supernova': ISU physicist calculates when the last supernova ever will happen". News.illinoisstate.edu. Retrieved
Black_dwarf
Astronomical object discovered in 2006
Kulkarni; Kasliwal; Gal-Yam; et al. (June 8, 2011). "Hydrogen-poor superluminous stellar explosions". Nature. 474 (7352): 487–489. arXiv:0910.0059. Bibcode:2011Natur
SCP_06F6
Galaxy in the constellation Lynx
Taggart, K; Perley, D A (5 April 2021). "Core-collapse, superluminous, and gamma-ray burst supernova host galaxy populations at low redshift: the importance
NGC_2444
Large self-illuminated object in space
observe and write about a supernova, now known as SN 185. The brightest stellar event in recorded history was the SN 1006 supernova, which was observed in
Star
Long-lasting gamma-ray burst
the magnetar-powered supernova 2011kl, an object of intermediate luminosity between conventional GRB supernovae and superluminous supernovae. List of gamma-ray
GRB_111209A
American physicist (1945–2020)
1016/S0168-9002(02)01971-X. Smith, M.; et al. (2016). "DES14X3taz: A Type I Superluminous Supernova Showing a Luminous, Rapidly Cooling Initial Pre-peak Bump". The
Harold_Spinka
Galaxy in the constellation Lynx
Taggart, K; Perley, D A (5 April 2021). "Core-collapse, superluminous, and gamma-ray burst supernova host galaxy populations at low redshift: the importance
NGC_2445
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Lists of stars by constellation
Lists_of_stars_by_constellation
Type of neutron star with beams of radiation
small, dense star consisting primarily of neutrons would result from a supernova. Based on the idea of magnetic flux conservation from magnetic main sequence
Pulsar
Stellar core remnant
been a Type Ia supernova from a white dwarf, possibly the merger of two white dwarfs. Tycho's Supernova of 1572 was also a type Ia supernova, and its remnant
White_dwarf
Changes to stars over their lifespans
Stars with around ten or more times the mass of the Sun can explode in a supernova as their inert iron cores collapse into an extremely dense neutron star
Stellar_evolution
Hypothetical astronomical object alternative to black holes
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Gravastar
Planets found orbiting pulsars
companions: formation of hypervelocity stars, pulsar planets, bumpy superluminous supernovae and Thorne–Żytkow objects". Monthly Notices of the Royal
Pulsar_planet
Star in the constellation Canis Major
In 2022, researchers concluded that progenitor stars of the three superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), including PS15br, SN 2017ens, and SN 2017err, likely
VY_Canis_Majoris
Process where a red giant star engulfs a planet
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Stellar_engulfment
measurements, use of standard references such as cepheid variables or Type Ia supernovas to the object in which the star resides, or redshift measurement. Spectroscopic
List_of_most_distant_stars
Type of star that is massive and luminous
an iron core, at which point the core collapses to produce a Type II supernova. Once these massive stars leave the main sequence, their atmospheres inflate
Supergiant
Creation of chemical elements within stars
star will eject mass via a sudden catastrophic event called a supernova. The term supernova nucleosynthesis is used to describe the creation of elements
Stellar_nucleosynthesis
Hypothetical early-universe star with a black hole core
outer layers of the protostar are massive enough to absorb the resulting supernova without being blown away. Quasi-stars may have also formed from dark matter
Quasi-star
Type of star that is luminous, blue, and variable in brightness
well-studied stars and a handful of supernova imposters (such as SN 2009ip, which later evolved into a true supernova). The two clear examples in the Milky
Luminous_blue_variable
Type of neutron star with a strong magnetic field
from the collapse of stars with unusually strong magnetic fields. In a supernova, a star collapses to a neutron star, and its magnetic field increases
Magnetar
Grouping of stars by similar metallicity
of type II supernovas being more important contributors to the interstellar medium at the time of their formation, whereas type Ia supernova metal-enrichment
Stellar_population
Type of large cool star
constituting red supergiants. These usually end their life as a type II supernova. The most massive stars can become Wolf–Rayet stars without becoming giants
Red_giant
Hot, luminous star with a spectral type of A9 or earlier
can execute a number of blue loops before either exploding as a type II supernova or finally dumping enough of its outer layers to become a blue supergiant
Blue_supergiant
Compact exotic star which forms matter consisting mostly of quarks
under sufficient pressure from the star's own gravity or the initial supernova creating it, the individual neutrons break down into their constituent
Quark_star
Star in the constellation Cassiopeia
123P. Lambert, D. L.; Luck, R. E. (1978). "Spectrum variations of the superluminous star HR 8752". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 184
V509_Cassiopeiae
Heterogeneous class of stars with unusual spectra
Telescopio Canarias reported the first supernova explosion of a Wolf–Rayet star. SN 2019hgp was a Type Icn supernova and is also the first in which the element
Wolf–Rayet_star
Black hole formed by a collapsed star
about 5 to several tens of solar masses. They can be the remnants of supernova explosions, but other formation mechanisms may operate. By the no-hair
Stellar_black_hole
Set of non-stellar objects in orbit around a star
Pulsars are the remnants of the supernova explosions of high-mass stars, but a planetary system that existed before the supernova would likely be mostly destroyed
Planetary_system
Classification in astronomy
ignite runaway fusion of the carbon and oxygen, resulting in a Type Ia supernova that entirely blows apart the star before the collapse can become irreversible
Compact_object
Rare star with tremendous luminosity and high rates of mass loss by stellar winds
loops", still at a fairly steady luminosity, until they explode as a supernova, hypernova or completely shed their outer layers to become a Wolf–Rayet
Hypergiant
Type of luminous supergiant star
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Post-AGB_star
Type of chemically peculiar star
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Am_star
Stellar classification
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
G-type_main-sequence_star
Star not gravitationally bound to any galaxy
1134/S1063772911050076. ISSN 1562-6881. Tillman, Nola Taylor (27 August 2015). "Lonely Supernova Likely Exiled by Merging Black Holes". Space.com. Future US. Retrieved
Intergalactic_star
Astronomical diagram graphing two colour indices
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Color–color_diagram
Outer region of the volume of a star
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Stellar_atmosphere
Star at the centre of the Solar System
plausibly have been produced by endothermic nuclear reactions during a supernova, or by transmutation through neutron absorption within a massive second-generation
Sun
Brief thermal runaway nuclear fusion in the core of low-mass stars
5×1041 J, or about 0.3% of the energy release of a 1.5×1044 J type Ia supernova, which is triggered by an analogous ignition of carbon fusion in a carbon–oxygen
Helium_flash
Hypothetical hybrid star type
goes supernova. Because no supernova is perfectly symmetric, and because the binding energy of the binary changes with the mass lost in the supernova, the
Thorne–Żytkow_object
Stars with a supergiant luminosity class with a spectral type of K or M
to the drop in brightness after the initial supernova peak, the characteristic of a Type II-P supernova. The most luminous red supergiants, at near solar
Red_supergiant
Light from the stars
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Starlight
Hot, giant star of early spectral type
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Blue_giant
Flow of gas ejected from the upper atmosphere of a star
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Stellar_wind
Hypothetical types of stars
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Exotic_star
Outermost layer of a star's atmosphere
Thus they appear to have neither chromospheres nor coronae. Geocorona Supernova X-ray astronomy Solar corona Franzen, Harald. "Astronomers Find Optical
Stellar_corona
Gas and dust surrounding a newly formed star
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Protoplanetary_disk
Astronomical category of stars
According to modeling calculations, higher mass black dwarf stars would supernova, becoming the last notable astronomical activity in the universe. The
Iron_star
Study of the movement of stars
stellar neighbors may itself go supernova, producing a remnant with a velocity modulated by the supernova kick. If this supernova occurs in the very nearby
Stellar_kinematics
Stellar classification
their high mass, O-type stars end their lives rather quickly in violent supernova explosions, resulting in black holes or neutron stars. Most of these stars
O-type_star
Stellar phenomenon
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Starspot
Class of astronomical objects
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Symbiotic_binary
Structure formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around a massive central body
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Accretion_disk
Light emitted by the Sun
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Sunlight
Nuclear fusion reaction
{}_{28}^{56}\mathrm {Ni} \,} peak discussed previously is reached. The supernova shock wave produced by stellar collapse provides ideal conditions for
Alpha_process
Hypothetical gravitational object composed of matter
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Black star (semiclassical gravity)
Black_star_(semiclassical_gravity)
Galaxy in the constellation Cancer
Bradley E.; Girard, Terrence M.; arjun (2000). "Weird Supernovae: Superluminous, Superfast and Superfaint Examples". Anni Mirabiles, A Symposium Celebrating
NGC_2608
Layer of a star's atmosphere
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Chromosphere
Methods for estimating the age of a star
the star system is nearing the end of its life, and will explode as a supernova within a relatively short period of astronomical time. Very large stars
Stellar_age_estimation
Astronomical observation
with events occurring at not more than 0.1% of the typical core-collapse supernova rate. This class of transients initially emerged from large sky surveys
Fast_blue_optical_transient
Stellar explosion with a distinct red colour
galaxy Messier 85. It was first observed during the Lick Observatory Supernova Search, and subsequently investigated by a team of astronomers from both
Luminous_red_nova
Pattern of stars recognized on Earth's night sky
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Asterism_(astronomy)
Supergiant Candidates for Multimessenger Monitoring of the Next Galactic Supernova". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529 (4): 3630–3650
List_of_largest_stars
Hypothetical astronomical object
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Planck_star
Type of star, larger and brighter than the Sun
increase in luminosity as they burn heavier elements and eventually become a supernova. Stars in the 8~12 M☉ range have somewhat intermediate properties and
Giant_star
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
List_of_brightest_stars
Star's outer shell from which light is radiated
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Photosphere
Star that never sets due to its apparent proximity to a celestial pole
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Circumpolar_star
Hypothetical class of star that develops from a red dwarf
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
Blue_dwarf_(red-dwarf_stage)
Star whose brightness fluctuates, as seen from Earth
by about 0.1% over an 11-year solar cycle. At the opposite extreme, a supernova event can briefly outshine an entire galaxy. Of the 58,200 variable stars
Variable_star
B-type star with forbidden emission lines
OH/IR Instability strip Luminous blue variable Stellar population Supernova Superluminous Hypernova Classification Early Late Main sequence O B A F G K M
B(e)_star
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
Girl/Female
Shakespearean
A Midsummer Night's Dream' Puck, or Robin Goodfellow, mischievous fairy.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Glory of a king, Bride
Boy/Male
Arabic, Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Muslim, Oriya, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Eye
Boy/Male
Hindu
One of the kauravas
Girl/Female
Muslim
High hill.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sunrise
Boy/Male
American, British, English
From the Brook
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, French, German, Irish, Latin, Muslim
Beautiful; Joyful; Lovely; Pleasant; Good-looking; Fair; Traveller
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Fosterer of Light
Girl/Female
Australian, Greek, Irish
Irish Forms of Madeleine Magnificent
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA