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Defunct American rubber, related chemicals and rocket manufacturer (1929–2007)
Thiokol was an American corporation concerned initially with rubber and related chemicals, and later with rocket and missile propulsion systems. Its name
Thiokol
Organic polysulfide polymers
Thiokol is a trade mark for various organic polysulfide polymers. Thiokol polymers are used as an elastomer in seals and sealants. The distinction between
Thiokol_(polymer)
1986 breakup of American orbiter
flaw in the SRBs' O-rings, but neither NASA nor SRB manufacturer Morton Thiokol had addressed this known defect. NASA managers also disregarded engineers'
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster
Chemical plant explosion
The Thiokol-Woodbine explosion occurred at 10:53 a.m. EDT on Wednesday, February 3, 1971, at the Thiokol chemical plant, 12 miles (19 km) southeast of
Thiokol-Woodbine_explosion
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster report
Most salient was the failure of both NASA and its contractor, Morton Thiokol, Inc., to respond adequately to the design flaw. The Commission found that
Rogers_Commission_Report
Family of US solid-propellant rocket motors
a family of US solid-propellant rocket motors originally developed by Thiokol and used by many space propulsion and launch vehicle stages. They are used
Star_(rocket_stage)
American engineer (1937–2021)
the director of the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Motor Project for Morton-Thiokol, a NASA subcontractor. In January 1986, he refused to sign off on a launch
Allan_J._McDonald
American aerodynamics engineer (1938–2012)
rocket boosters would fail if the shuttle launched in cold weather. Morton Thiokol's managers decided to launch the shuttle despite his warnings, leading to
Roger_Boisjoly
Enclosed-cab, truck-sized, fully tracked vehicle designed for over-snow travel
Foremost Industries. Thiokol was another American maker of snowcats, notably the Imp, Super Imp and Spryte dual-track models. Thiokol manufactured an amphibious
Snowcat
American solid rocket motor developed by Thiokol
stages, almost exclusively as an upper stage. It was developed primarily by Thiokol Propulsion and after several mergers, is manufactured by Northrop Grumman’s
Star_48
Defunct American rocket engine company
first large liquid-fueled US high-altitude rocket. RMI was merged with Thiokol in 1958, where it produced the XLR-99 engine that powered the X-15 rocket
Reaction_Motors
Solid propellant rocket used by the Space Shuttle
stack at liftoff. The motor segments of the SRBs were manufactured by Thiokol of Brigham City, Utah, which was later purchased by Alliant Techsystems
Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster
Space_Shuttle_Solid_Rocket_Booster
Solid-fuel orbital vehicle component
Castor is a family of solid-fuel rocket stages and boosters built by Thiokol (now Northrop Grumman) and used on a variety of launch vehicles. They were
Castor_(rocket_stage)
Experimental solid-fuel research rocket
rocket is called 1.5KS35000, a solid propellant rocket engine designed by Thiokol. It was used in at least 23 launches. The X-17 was used as a test vehicle
Lockheed_X-17
Anti-ballistic missile
megatonnes of TNT (21 PJ) Engine 1st Stage: Thiokol TX-500 (2200 kN); 2nd Stage: Thiokol TX-454; 3rd Stage: Thiokol TX-239 Propellant Solid fuel Operational
LIM-49_Spartan
Enemy-triggered battlefield illumination device
Florida Times-Union. Retrieved 2022-01-07. Grillo, Jerry (2017-08-30). "The Thiokol factory explosion is a largely forgotten tragedy. Survivors want to change
Tripflare
Space Shuttle orbiter (1983–1986)
the tragedy firsthand. In March 1988 the federal government and Morton Thiokol Inc. agreed to pay $7.7 million in cash and annuities to the families of
Space_Shuttle_Challenger
American industrial company
to a joint venture between Thiokol and The Carlyle Group. By late 1997, the ownership structure of Howmet had become Thiokol, with 62% ownership, Carlyle
Howmet_Aerospace
Unincorporated community in Georgia, United States
The property was subsequently sold to John Floyd in 1827. In 1964, the Thiokol Chemical Corporation constructed an expansive industrial plant on a 7,400-acre
Harrietts_Bluff,_Georgia
American nuclear air-to-air rocket
design carried a 1.5-kiloton W25 nuclear warhead and was powered by a Thiokol SR49-TC-1 solid-fuel rocket engine of 162 kN (36,000 lbf) thrust, sufficient
AIR-2_Genie
American astronaut (born 1937)
Director of the Kennedy Space Center. He also went to Lockheed Martin and Thiokol Propulsion before retiring to private life in Florida. Crippen has received
Robert_Crippen
Rocket engine
engine. Development began in the 1950s by the Reaction Motors Division of Thiokol Chemical Company to power the North American X-15 hypersonic research aircraft
Reaction_Motors_XLR99
American air-to-surface missile
of U.S. Military Rockets and Missiles. The AGM-114B also introduced the Thiokol TX-657 (M120E1) reduced-smoke rocket motor. Spring 2014 Industry Study
AGM-114_Hellfire
Vehicle specialized for snowy or icy conditions
used for tours and transportation in snowbound areas. In the early 1960s, Thiokol produced the 601 series snowcats, often configured to carry ten passengers
Snow_coach
Short-range ballistic missile
logistical general support for the Pershing artillery units in Germany. Two Thiokol solid-propellant motors powered the Pershing 1 missile. Since a solid-propellant
MGM-31_Pershing
American salt production company
"Morton-Norwich" came into use. In 1982 Morton Salt merged with Thiokol to form Morton-Thiokol. This merger was ended in 1989, following the 1986 Space Shuttle
Morton_Salt
Tactical ballistic missile
development for the Sergeant was transferred to the Redstone Division of the Thiokol Corporation. Due to the failure of the Sergeant program to develop rapidly
MGM-29_Sergeant
Failed 1986 American crewed spaceflight
Gregory B. Jarvis and S. Christa McAuliffe. Bob Ebeling, engineer at Morton-Thiokol, manufacturer of the SRBs, recalled having stated about the decision to
STS-51-L
American space and aeronautics agency
engines, Martin Marietta producing the external fuel tank, and Morton Thiokol creating the solid rocket boosters. NASA eventually acquired six orbiters:
NASA
Former American snowcat manufacturer
the snow vehicle business to the Thiokol Corporation, with the Frandee Sno-Shu name being retired in favor of the Thiokol brand on the company's products
Logan_Machine_Company
Two-stage sounding rocket used by NASA
between 1961 and 1978. The TE-307-2 Apache rocket motor was developed by Thiokol as an improvement of its Cajun series of rockets; the Apache was similar
Nike-Apache
Claims that NASA's Space Shuttle program failed to achieve its promised goals
factor). Morton-Thiokol designed and manufactured the SRBs, and during a pre-launch conference call with NASA, Roger Boisjoly, the Thiokol engineer most
Criticism of the Space Shuttle program
Criticism_of_the_Space_Shuttle_program
Air-to-surface missile/anti-radiation missile
cruciform tailfins for flight stability and control. It was powered by a Thiokol liquid-fueled rocket, which gave it a range of 315 km for high-altitude
ASM-N-8_Corvus
American medium-range air-to-air missile
effective at higher closing speeds. It was originally designed to take the Thiokol LR44-RM-2 liquid-fuel rocket motor, but the decision was made to retain
AIM-7_Sparrow
American short-range air-to-air missile
Passive-IR/HF Passive-IR/HF Passive-IR Powerplant Manufacturer Thiokol Hercules Thiokol Hercules Hercules/Bermite Hercules/Aerojet Type Mk.17 Mk.36 Mk
AIM-9_Sidewinder
US/UK SLBM
separation during flight. The second stage also contains a motor made by Thiokol and Hercules Inc., parts to ensure the second-stage ignition, and a TVC
UGM-133_Trident_II
Rocket family
communications satellite first active one. 16. 13 February 1963. Pad 17B. Syncom 1; Thiokol Corporation Star-13B solid rocket as apogee motor. 20. 26 July 1963. Syncom
Delta_(rocket_family)
1962-3 Thiokol LR44 Thiokol LR58 Thiokol LR62 Thiokol LR99 Thiokol M6 (TX-136) Thiokol M10 (TX-10) Thiokol M12 (TX-12) Thiokol M16 (TX-16) Thiokol M18 (TX-18)
List_of_aircraft_engines
Air-to-ground command guided missile
higher performance, White Lance was to use a liquid fuel rocket engine, the Thiokol LR44 which provides approximately 53.9 kN of thrust for 2 seconds. LR44
AGM-12_Bullpup
Mechanical, toroid gasket that seals an interface
O-ring was FKM, which was specified by the Shuttle motor contractor, Morton-Thiokol. When an O-ring is cooled below its glass transition temperature Tg, it
O-ring
Outdoor museum of rocketry
Chica, Texas Space Center Houston, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas Thiokol, near Promontory, Utah Air Power Park, Hampton, Virginia Wallops Flight
Rocket_garden
NASA sounding rocket
Nike Smoke diagram Function Sounding missile Manufacturer NASA/Thiokol Country of origin United States Size Height 6 m Width 0.43 m Mass 708 kg Stages
Nike_Smoke
Topics referred to by the same term
Kearney, a management consulting firm ATK Thiokol, or ATK Launch Systems Group, former names of Thiokol, an aerospace, defense and commercial products
ATK
American inventor of synthetic rubber and founder of Thiokol corp. (1892–1965)
Dr. Joseph Cecil Patrick (August 28, 1892 – April 12, 1965) invented Thiokol, America's first synthetic rubber in the early 1920s. While seeking a formulation
Joseph_C._Patrick
American astronaut (1930–2012)
based in Cincinnati. Armstrong joined the board of solid rocket booster Thiokol in 1989, after previously serving on the Rogers Commission which found
Neil_Armstrong
Partially reusable launch system and space plane
Marietta, and in November the solid-rocket booster contract to Morton Thiokol. On June 4, 1974, Rockwell began construction on the first orbiter, OV-101
Space_Shuttle
Automobile engine
market) The 1962 "Mustang I" Concept car (tuned to 90 hp (67 kW)) 1970s Thiokol 1404 Imp snowcat The 1.7 L (1,699 cc) V4 had a 90 mm × 66.8 mm (3.54 in
Ford_Taunus_V4_engine
Type of aircraft
Powerplant: 1 × Marquardt XRJ43-MA ramjet (Sustainer) Powerplant: 2 × Thiokol XM45 (5KS50000) solid-fuel rockets, 50,000 lbf (222 kN) thrust each for
Lockheed_AQM-60_Kingfisher
Missile program of the United States Army
seconds) Thiokol M30 solid-fueled rocket 10,000 lbf (44.4 kN) ? Thiokol TX-238 Thiokol TX-454 Third stage None None None Thiokol TX-239 Thiokol TX-239 Warhead
Project_Nike
Experimental solid rocket motor
originally given as parallel contracts to Aerojet and Thiokol. Aerojet won out in the end when Thiokol's test chamber burst at 56% of proving pressure during
Aerojet_260
Air-to-air missile
constructed of magnesium alloy, and main power would be provided by three Thiokol M58A2 solid-fuel rockets. Pye Wacket was planned to be tested using a rocket
Pye_Wacket
Experimental aircraft to test ramjet engines and missile guidance technology
32,000 m (106,000 ft) Range: 210 km (130 mi) Booster: X-7A-3/XQ-5: 2 × Thiokol XM45 (5KS50000) solid-fuel rocket; 222 kN (50000 lb) Sustainer: Ramjet
Lockheed_X-7
Air-to-surface rocket
6 inches (150 mm) Wingspan 14 inches (360 mm) Warhead Flechette Engine Thiokol Mk 67 Propellant Solid fuel Maximum speed Mach 3 Guidance system None Launch
AGR-14_ZAP
American physicist and astronaut (1951–2012)
Challenger disaster, leading to the entire workforce of O-ring supplier Morton-Thiokol shunning him, Ride was the only public figure to show support for him when
Sally_Ride
City in Utah, United States
terminus of Box Elder Canyon. It is near the former headquarters of ATK Thiokol, now Northrop Grumman, the company that created the solid rocket boosters
Brigham_City,_Utah
American ICBM
the required energy, that year Hall began funding research at Boeing and Thiokol into the use of ammonium perchlorate composite propellant. Adapting a concept
LGM-30_Minuteman
Any artificial elastomer
in fuel hoses and as an insulating material in machinery. The company Thiokol applied their name to a competing type of rubber based on ethylene dichloride
Synthetic_rubber
American expendable launch system
Douglas Boeing United Launch Alliance Engines Aerojet Alliant Rocketdyne Thiokol TRW Launches 1957–1959 1960–1969 1970–1979 1980–1989 1990–1999 2000–2009
Delta_0100
Wife of astronaut Gus Grissom (1927–2018)
McNair, widow of astronaut Ronald McNair, in her lawsuit against Morton Thiokol, the manufacturer of the solid rocket booster blamed for the Challenger
Betty_Grissom
American expendable rocket launch system
49) and 1975 (with OSO 8). Some flights used a third stage, either the Thiokol Star-37D or Star-37E, for launches beyond low Earth orbit. One probe launched
Delta_1000
U.S. high-speed air-to-surface anti-radiation missile
WAU-7/B blast-fragmentation warhead Warhead weight 150 lb (68 kg) Engine Thiokol SR113-TC-1 dual-thrust rocket engine Operational range Low-level — 13 nmi
AGM-88_HARM
Short-range anti-air missile
and Fire Control and solid rocket motor for it was developed by Morton Thiokol. The system includes a S-band Pulse Doppler radar (20 km), Ku-band TWT
Crotale_(missile)
Skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois
Boeing International Headquarters and previously to that as the Morton-Thiokol International Building) is a 36-floor skyscraper located in the Near West
Boeing_Building
Joint rocket program for anti-missile research and first Australian orbital satellite
used modified surplus American Redstone rockets as its first stage, a Thiokol Antares 2 from the Scout rocket as a second stage, and a BE-3 Alcyone solid-propellant
Sparta_(rocket)
TE-416 Tomahawk is a sounding rocket developed by the American company Thiokol at the beginning of the 1960s for Sandia National Laboratories. It was
TE-416_Tomahawk
1990 film directed by Glenn Jordan
Browne were married in real life. Peter Boyle portrayed Roger Boisjoly, the Thiokol engineer most vocal about the danger of launching at extremely low temperatures
Challenger_(1990_film)
American air-to-surface missile
Laser Imaging infrared Charge-coupled device Propulsion Thiokol SR109-TC-1 solid-fuel rocket Thiokol SR114-TC-1 (or Aerojet SR115-AJ-1) solid-fuel rocket
AGM-65_Maverick
American experimental aircraft
(ethyl-alcohol/water fuel and LOX oxidiser) Powerplant: 1 × Reaction Motors XLR11-RM-13 (Thiokol) 4-chamber liquid-fuelled rocket engine, 8,000 lbf (36 kN) thrust Powerplant:
Martin_Marietta_X-24
American sounding rocket
booster has a diameter of 460 mm (18 in). The second stage solid rocket is a Thiokol Malemute TU-758 rocket motor, specially designed for high altitude research
Terrier_Malemute
United States Navy air-to-surface missile
(0.56 m) Diameter : 5 in (12.7 cm) Weight : 155 lb (70 kg) Propulsion : Thiokol MK 17 MOD 3 solid-fuel rocket Parsch, Andreas (2002). "General Electric
AGM-87_Focus
Type of surface-to-air missile
cluster (4× M5E1 Nike boosters) 978 kilonewtons (220,000 lbf) Sustainer: Thiokol M30 solid-fueled rocket 44.4 kilonewtons (10,000 lbf) Propellant solid
Nike_Hercules
Canadian manufacturer of recreational vehicles
Canada. Notable competitors included the Aktiv Snow Trac ST4 from Sweden, Thiokol, and Tucker Sno-Cat from the USA. The Snow Trac was produced, virtually
BRP_Inc.
and a total length of 2.40 m. It was a single stage vehicle powered by a Thiokol Malemute TU-758 engine, operated by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL)
Malemute
Type of anti-ballistic missile
(280 km) 350 mi (560 km) Booster Thiokol TX-135 400,000 lbf (1,800 kN) Thiokol TX-135 450,000 lbf (2,000 kN) Thiokol TX-500 500,000 lbf (2,200 kN) Second
Nike_Zeus
American materials company
its 85% interest in Howmet International Inc., and Thiokol Corporation. In 2001, Alcoa sold Thiokol for $2.9 billion to Alliant Techsystems (ATK). Alcoa
Alcoa
Nuclear air-to-surface missile
was proposed in the late 1970s, with an upgraded motor to be built by Thiokol and a W80 warhead, but it was cancelled by President Jimmy Carter (along
AGM-69_SRAM
First U.S. railroad connecting the Pacific coast and Eastern states
sweeping curve which connected to the east end of the Big Fill now passes a Thiokol rocket research and development facility. In 1957, Congress authorized
First transcontinental railroad
First_transcontinental_railroad
Series of American expendable launch systems
required a three-stage configuration in order to reach higher orbits used the Thiokol Star-37D or Star-37E upper stage as an apogee kick motor. Delta 2000 launches
Delta_2000
Aerospace measurement program of NASA
motors from the Aerobee, Hercules M5E1 (developed for the Nike Ajax), and Thiokol Apache. The program was consolidated at the Wallops Flight Facility in
NASA_Sounding_Rocket_Program
Military unit
destroy Pershing 1a and Pershing II missiles. The plant was operated by Thiokol. The property was transferred to the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service in 2000
Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant
Longhorn_Army_Ammunition_Plant
Former NASA executive (1936-2021)
NASA for the private industry, taking a job in Huntsville, Alabama for Thiokol, the company that built the solid rocket boosters on the Challenger. In
Judson_A._Lovingood
Nuclear air-to-surface missile
Weight: 2,000 lb (910 kg) Speed: Mach 2+ Range: 250 mi (400 km) Propulsion: Thiokol solid-fuel rocket Warhead: AGM-131A: W-89 thermonuclear Blast Yield: 200
AGM-131_SRAM_II
Chemical compound
polysulfides, sodium tetrasulfide is used to produce the polymer called thiokol. The reaction involves alkylation with ethylene chloride: Na2S4 + C2H4Cl2
Sodium_tetrasulfide
Aerial lift manufacturer in Salt Lake City
Engineering Company, was the successor to Thiokol, a company which built 41 ski lifts between 1971 and 1977. By 1977, Thiokol had decided to stop producing ski
Doppelmayr_USA
American television series (1965–1968)
ground. The Chariot was actually an operational cannibalized version of a Thiokol Snowcat Spryte, with a Ford 170-cubic-inch (3 L) inline-6, 101 horsepower
Lost_in_Space
Single-stage solid-fueled booster stage
modular upper stage designed and built by McDonnell Douglas (Boeing), using Thiokol Star-series solid propellant rocket motors. The PAM was used with the Space
Payload_Assist_Module
Spanish orbital launch vehicle
Spain. During June 1997, it was announced that the American manufacturer Thiokol was to supply the Castor 4B solid rocket motor that would power the first
Capricornio_(rocket)
American aerospace and defense company
grenade launcher. Spaceflight portal Northrop Grumman business sectors Thiokol "Annual report Form 10-K 2017 Orbital ATK Inc". February 21, 2018. Retrieved
Orbital_ATK
American rocket family
Douglas Boeing United Launch Alliance Engines Aerojet Alliant Rocketdyne Thiokol TRW Launches 1957–1959 1960–1969 1970–1979 1980–1989 1990–1999 2000–2009
Thor_(rocket_family)
Park City Motion pictures 1971 Sunrider Orem Dietary supplements 1982 Thiokol Ogden Aerospace engineering 1929 US Synthetic Orem Industrial diamond manufacturing
List_of_Utah_companies
Intercontinental ballistic missile
support. Contracts were awarded by the end of 1986 to Martin Marietta, Thiokol, Hercules, Aerojet, Boeing, General Electric, Rockwell and Logicon and
MGM-134_Midgetman
US medium range surface-to-air missile
combat system and MK 26 GMLS In service 1983. For Aegis ships. Introduced Thiokol MK 104 rocket motor, almost doubling the effective range High-velocity
RIM-66_Standard
Phrase meaning to protect oneself from repercussions
Challenger disaster, the final launch approval by rocket maker Morton Thiokol contained the phrase "information on this page was prepared to support
Cover_your_ass
Target drone
(1.54 m) Engine 1st stage, Allegheny M5; 55,000 lbf (246 kN) 2nd stage, Thiokol TE 307; 4,700 lbf (21.1 kN) Propellant Solid fuel Operational range 202 mi
MQR-13_BMTS
Small Swedish snowcat
Moto-Ski Thiokol Sisu Nasu Sno-Cat Snow coach Snowcat Snow grooming Snowmobiles The Shining Stanley Kubrick movie featuring a Snow Trac and a Thiokol Imp Tanks
Snow_Trac
Lockheed Martin expendable launch system
two versions, Athena I and Athena II. The Athena I has two stages, the Thiokol Castor-120 first stage and a Pratt & Whitney ORBUS 21D upper stage, both
Athena_(rocket_family)
Target drone
(5.47 m) Diameter 21 in (54 cm) Engine Marquardt ramjet with integrated Thiokol solid rocket booster Operational range 55 nautical miles (102 km; 63 mi)
AQM-127_SLAT
Former medical products company
Alfa reverting to Metal Hydrides ownership (later Ventron, later again Thiokol). In the USA the business was branded as Alfa, and sold only inorganics
Alfa_Aesar
Device using jets to propel the wearer
now displayed in a museum. In 1958, Garry Burdett and Alexander Bohr, Thiokol Corporation engineers, created a Jump Belt which they named Project Grasshopper
Jet_pack
Proposed launch escape system for the Orion spacecraft
December 6, 2007, the proposed MLAS used four existing Huntsville-built Thiokol solid-rocket motors (built in 1988) placed at 90° intervals within the
Max_Launch_Abort_System
travel, tourism, insurance
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THIOKOL
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