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Art of the Timurid Empire
Timurid art is a style of art originating during the rule of the Timurid Empire (1370-1507) and was spread across Iran and Central Asia. Timurid art was
Timurid_art
14th–16th-century Asian cultural movement
The Timurid Renaissance was a period in Asian and Islamic history, following the Islamic Golden Age, and spanning from the late 14th to the early 16th
Timurid_Renaissance
Turco-Mongol empire (1370–1507)
The Timurid Empire was a late medieval Turco-Mongol, culturally Persianate, Muslim empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising
Timurid_Empire
Architecture of the Timurid Empire
geometric vaulting. This architectural style, along with other aspects of Timurid art, spread across the empire and subsequently influenced the architecture
Timurid_architecture
Turco-Mongol dynasty (1370–1857)
The Timurid dynasty, self-designated as Gurkani, was the ruling dynasty of the Timurid Empire (1370–1507). It was a Sunni Muslim dynasty from the Barlās
Timurid_dynasty
Ruler of the Timurid Empire from 1405 to 1447
ruler of the Timurid Empire between 1405 and 1447. He was the son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), who founded the Timurid dynasty in 1370
Shah_Rukh
Architecture of the Ottoman Empire
motifs that evolved over time and reflected influences ranging from Timurid art to European Baroque ornamentation. Another important type of decoration
Ottoman_architecture
1916–1934 Central Asian uprising
conquest Chagatai Timurid Era Rise of Timur capital Samarkand Siege of Balkh (1370) Period of expansion Timurid Renaissance Timurid art Timurid architecture
Basmachi_movement
1785–1920 state in Central Asia
the Mongol Empire not ruled by descendants of Genghis Khan (besides the Timurids), it staked its legitimacy on Islamic principles rather than Genghisid
Emirate_of_Bukhara
Oasis region in Central Asia
Urganch in 1388.[citation needed] Control of the region was disputed by the Timurids and the Golden Horde, but in 1511 it passed to a new, local Uzbek dynasty
Khwarazm
Military conflict during the Russian Civil War
conquest Chagatai Timurid Era Rise of Timur capital Samarkand Siege of Balkh (1370) Period of expansion Timurid Renaissance Timurid art Timurid architecture
Bukhara_operation_(1920)
15th-century amir of the Timurid Empire
'Abdullah Mirza (after 1410 – June 1451) was a short-lived ruler of the Timurid Empire, which encompassed the territory shared by present-day Iran, Afghanistan
Abdullah_Mirza
Horse and/or stable manager
Dictionary. Douglas Harper. Retrieved 8 December 2019. Sims, Eleanor (1992). Timurid art and culture: Iran and Central Asia in the fifteenth century ("Ibrahim-Sultan’s
Groom_(profession)
under the rule of Ulugh Beg, giving birth to the Timurid Renaissance. The territories of the Timurid dynasty were conquered by Uzbek Shaybanids in the
History_of_Uzbekistan
Religious educational institution in Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Lisa; Wilber, Donald. The Timurid Architecture of Iran and Turan. Princeton University Press. Blair, Sheila. “Timurid Art and Architecture.” Encyclopaedia
Tilakari_Madrasa
Monuments in Delhi
the earliest Mughal-era buildings and features rare patterns inspired by Timurid architecture from Central Asia. The identity of its builder and who is
Sabz_Burj
Sultan of the Timurid Empire (1451–1469)
February 1469) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire during the mid-fifteenth century. Born a minor prince of the Timurid dynasty, Abu Sa'id quickly established
Abu_Sa'id_Mirza
the empire moved its capital to Herat, which became a focal point for Timurid art. As with Samarkand, Persian artisans and intellectuals soon established
Central_Asian_art
Ruler of the Muzaffarids from 1391 to 1393
"Ibrahim-Sultan's Illustrated Zafarnama of 1436 and its Impact in the Muslim East". Timurid art and culture: Iran and Central Asia in the fifteenth century. Leiden Boston:
Shah_Mansur_(Muzaffarid)
1393 battle in Iran
The Battle of Shiraz (1393) was a battle between the forces of the Timurid Empire and the forces of the Muzaffarid ruler Shah Mansur in 1393, near the
Battle_of_Shiraz_(1393)
Turkmen leader of Khiva from 1918 to 1920
conquest Chagatai Timurid Era Rise of Timur capital Samarkand Siege of Balkh (1370) Period of expansion Timurid Renaissance Timurid art Timurid architecture
Junaid_Khan_(Basmachi_leader)
Wars and campaigns of the Timurids
The Timurid conquests and invasions started in the late 14th century with Timur's control over the Chagatai Khanate and ended at the start of the 15th
Timurid conquests and invasions
Timurid_conquests_and_invasions
Timurid sultan, astronomer and mathematician (1394–1449)
as Ulugh Beg (Persian: الغبیگ; 22 March 1394 – 27 October 1449), was a Timurid sultan, as well as an astronomer and mathematician. Ulugh Beg was notable
Ulugh_Beg
Persianate, Muslim Turkoman confederation (1374–1468)
occupation of Timurid Herat in 1458, may have given him the opportunity to get acquainted to the Timurid "art of the book" and to Timurid court artists
Qara_Qoyunlu
capital of Timurid Empire. Population: 150,000. 1388 - College of Bibikhanum built. 1405 Bibi-Khanym Mosque and Gur-e Amir (tomb) built. Timurid capital
Timeline_of_Samarkand
Historical center of Samarkand, Uzbekistan
square in the city of Samarkand, Uzbekistan. It served as the heart of the Timurid Empire and later as the city's commercial, educational, and ceremonial
Registan
this century seem to show possible Iranian influence and connections to Timurid art. A distinctive style of blue-and-white fritware, influenced by Chinese
Ottoman_decoration
Timurid ruler of Herat (16th century AD)
the last Timurid ruler of Herat from 1506 to 1507. He was the son of Husayn Bayqarah, who was a great-great-grandson of Timur. He was the Timurid emperor
Badi'_al-Zaman_Mirza
Iranian national heritage site
Isfahan. This relic was recorded in Iran's National Heritage on 6 January 1932. The Timurids and Turkmen The Art of the Timurid Period (ca. 1370–1507)
Khaje_Alam_Minaret
include a regional tradition of Islamic and Iranian architecture, including Timurid architecture of the 14th and 15th centuries, as well as 20th-century Soviet
Architecture_in_Central_Asia
humans and animals. Angels are also illustrated in Timurid and Ottoman manuscripts, such as The Timurid Book of the Prophet Muhammad’s Ascension (Mir‘ajnama)
Angels_in_art
Turkic poet and politician (1441–1501)
Nizām-al-Din ʿAli-Shir Herawī (Chagatai: نظام الدین علی شیر نوایی) was a Timurid poet, writer, statesman, linguist, Hanafi Maturidi mystic and painter who
Ali-Shir_Nava'i
Turco-Mongol conqueror (1320s–1405)
was a Turco-Mongol conqueror, first ruler of the Timurid dynasty, and the founder of the Timurid Empire, which ruled over modern-day Afghanistan, Iran
Timur
Persian servant running ahead of his master
362 Timurid ruler Muhammad Juki preceded by two bare-legged running payk heralds (contemporary painting circa 1440) Sims, Eleanor (1992). Timurid art and
Payk
(Natif, 25). Thomas Lentz suggests that wall paintings which decorated Timurid elite palaces may have also been an influence on this double page format
Garrett_Zafarnama
of Herat (Persian: فتح هرات) refers to the Qara Qoyunlu capture of the Timurid Empire capital city of Herat for several months, from June to December
Capture_of_Herat_(1458)
Dynasty of the Mughal Empire
خاندانِ آلِ بابُر, romanized: Xāndān-i-Āl-i-Bābur), was a branch of the Timurid dynasty that ruled South Asia and other territories spanning from inner
Mughal_dynasty
Son of Timur (1356–1376)
the Faith") and Abu al-Qasim ("Father of Qasim"), was a member of the Timurid dynasty and a son of its founder, the Central Asian conqueror Timur. He
Jahangir Mirza (Timurid prince)
Jahangir_Mirza_(Timurid_prince)
Persian miniature style
British art scholar Basil William Robinson coined the term in the 1950s to differentiate this style from a more polished style made in courts of Timurid and
Turkman_style
Timurid ruler of Herat (c.1469–1506)
سلطان حسین بایقرا Husayn Bāyqarā; June/July 1438 – 4 May 1506) was the Timurid ruler of Herat from 1469 until May 4, 1506, with a brief interruption in
Sultan_Husayn_Bayqara
16th-century Persian manuscript
of late 15th century Tabriz, while its structuration derives from the Timurid art of Herat. His paintings also convey a sense of humor, perceivable in
Cartier_Hafiz
Belgian stained glass artist active in Bruges
from Timurid art to his depiction. Some artistic choices in Gentile's painting were replaced by typical stylistic features observed in a Timurid royal
Nakkaş_Sinan_Bey
Type of robe of Mongol origin
dynasty. Mongol clothing and Mongol-style clothing continued to appear in Timurid art, such as illustration; this may indicate that Mongol clothing or Mongol-style
Terlig
Last ruler of Timurid Samarkand from 1498 to 1500
Sultan Ali Mirza (1479–1500) was the last ruler of the Timurid dynasty in Samarkand. He reigned between 1498 and 1500, when he was deposed and killed
Sultan_Ali_bin_Mahmud_Mirza
reign of the Timurids, the golden age of Persian painting began, and Chinese influence continued, as Timurid artists refined the Persian art of the book
Persian_art
Historic site in Turkestan, Kazakhstan
commissioned in 1389 by Timur, who ruled the area as part of the expansive Timurid Empire, to replace a smaller 12th-century mausoleum of the famous Turkic
Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi
Mausoleum_of_Khoja_Ahmed_Yasawi
Timeline of the Uzbek capital
conquest Chagatai Timurid Era Rise of Timur capital Samarkand Siege of Balkh (1370) Period of expansion Timurid Renaissance Timurid art Timurid architecture
Timeline_of_Tashkent
Term for early modern Muslim empires
The Mughals, based in the Indian subcontinent, inherited in part the Timurid Renaissance, and are recognised for their lavish architecture and for having
Gunpowder_empires
Mughal emperor from 1526 to 1530
Uzbekistan), Babur was the eldest son of Umar Shaikh Mirza II (1456–1494, Timurid governor of Fergana from 1469 to 1494) and a great-great-great-grandson
Babur
Mosque in Samarkand, Uzbekistan
magnificent mosques in the Islamic world. It is considered a masterpiece of the Timurid Renaissance. By the mid-20th century, only a grandiose ruin of it still
Bibi-Khanym_Mosque
1402 Timurid–Ottoman battle
found no traces of the Timurids, who secretly marched southwest, rested, and were situated to the rear of the Ottomans. The Timurids encamped in the same
Battle_of_Ankara
Uzbek dynasty in Central Asia (c. 1599-c. 1785)
The Janids, also known as Ashtarkhanids or Toghay-Timurids was an Uzbek dynasty of Turco-Mongol origin in Central Asia. They succeeded the Shaybanids and
Janid_dynasty
Amir of the Timurid Empire from 1405 to 1409
Sultan (Persian: خلیل سلطان; 13 August 1384 – 3 November 1411) was the Timurid ruler of Transoxiana from 18 February 1405 to 1409. He was a son of Miran
Khalil_Sultan
1526–1857 empire in South Asia
Empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur, a Timurid prince hailing from the Fergana Valley in Central Asia, who, with assistance
Mughal_Empire
Emir consort of the Timurid Empire
(Chagatai: سرای ملک خانم; c. 1341 – 1408) was a senior consort of the Timurid Empire as the chief consort of Timur, also known as Tamerlane, the founder
Saray_Mulk_Khanum
Sultan of the Aq Qoyunlu in 1478
Late Timurid Painting. Edinburgh University Press. p. 239. ISBN 978-1-4744-3746-2. Roxburgh, David J. (27 January 2016). Envisioning Islamic Art and Architecture:
Sultan_Khalil
Turco-Mongolian aristocratic tribal confederation clan
The Barlas produced imperial dynasties of two major empires in Asia: the Timurid Empire in Central Asia and Persia; and the Mughal Empire in the Indian
Barlas
Persianate, Sunni-Muslim Turkoman confederation (1378–1508)
After the death of Jahan Shah, his son Hasan Ali, with the help of the Timurid ruler Abu Sa'id Mirza, marched on Azerbaijan to meet Uzun Hasan. Deciding
Aq_Qoyunlu
Timurid prince (1366–1408)
a son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur, founder of the Timurid Empire. In the Timurid genealogical tradition he carries the laqab Mu'izz al-Din and
Miran_Shah
Former Islamic burial site in Herat, Afghanistan
Gawhar Shad, the chief wife of Timurid Emperor Shah Rukh, the structure served as a royal tomb for members of the Timurid dynasty and is part of the Musalla
Gawhar_Shad_Mausoleum
Timurid prince (1356–1394)
Mirza (Persian: عمر شیخ میرزا; 1356 – February 1394) was a member of the Timurid dynasty and a son of its founder, the Central Asian conqueror Timur. Known
Umar_Shaikh_Mirza_I
Mosque in Imam Reza Shrine, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
The mosque is known for its tile mosaic decoration, an art form that peaked during the Timurid period. On a high base of marble revetment, panels of enamel
Goharshad_Mosque
In 1401, Timur, the ruler of the Timurid Empire, besieged the Jalayirid Sultanate capital of Baghdad for forty days and then massacred its inhabitants
Siege_of_Baghdad_(1401)
The emperors of the Mughal Empire, who were all members of the Timurid dynasty, ruled the empire from its inception on 21 April 1526 to its dissolution
List of emperors of the Mughal Empire
List_of_emperors_of_the_Mughal_Empire
Dynasty of Turco-Mongol origin in Central Asia
frameworks and reconciled with the Timurid dynasty in India by proclaiming themselves heirs and protectors of Timurid heritages, effectively nullified the
Shaybanids
Mughal prince (1485–1507 or 1508)
and its dependencies, in the initial years of Babur's reign as a young Timurid prince. However, Jahangir Mirza later shared an almost stable relation
Jahangir_Mirza_II
Persian artist (c. 1455/1460 – 1535)
painter and head of the royal ateliers in Herat and Tabriz during the late Timurid and early Safavid eras. He is regarded as marking the highpoint of the
Kamāl_ud-Dīn_Behzād
Small Persian painting on paper
the 16th century, Dust Muhammad described the Timurid Baysunghur's efforts at emulating Jalayirid art, after his occupation of Tabriz in 1421 and capture
Persian_miniature
Timurid prince (1394–1435)
شاهرخ; Shawwāl 796 AH/August 1394 AD – Shawwāl 838 AH/May 1435 AD) was a Timurid prince who governed a region around modern Fars from 1415 to 1435 under
Ibrahim_Sultan_(Timurid)
Rulers of the Delhi Sultanate
years. The first ruler of the dynasty, Khizr Khan, initially a vassal of Timurid Empire at Multan, conquered Delhi in 1414. His successor Mubarak Shah proclaimed
Sayyid_dynasty
Visual art in Islamic cultures
especially the case in the periods after the Mongol invasions and those of the Timurids. Techniques, shapes and decorative motifs were all affected. Until the
Islamic_art
Museum in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
architecture, fine arts, music and poetry, laying the foundations of the Timurid Renaissance. Former President Islam Karimov encouraged celebration of Timur
Amir_Timur_Museum
Observatory in Samarkand, Uzbekistan
was built in the 1420s by the Timurid astronomer Ulugh Beg. This school of astronomy was constructed under the Timurid Empire, and was the last of its
Ulugh_Beg_Observatory
1428–1471 Shaybanid state preceding the Khanate of Bukhara
in the 15th century by Khan Abu-l-Khayr and located to the north of the Timurid Empire. It is classified as an incipient state. The dynasty of Abu'l-Khayr
Uzbek_Khanate
Art museum in Baltimore, Maryland, US
a 15th-century Koran from northern India, written at the height of the Timurid Empire; a 16th-century copy of the "Khamsa of Nizami by Amir Khusraw, illustrated
Walters_Art_Museum
Touring Islamic art exhibition (1995–2004)
Sultans: Ottoman Art of the Khalili Collection was a 1995–2004 touring exhibition displaying objects from the Khalili Collection of Islamic Art. Around two
Empire_of_the_Sultans
1335–1432 Persianate Turco-Mongol state in modern Iraq and western Iran
painting during the Timurid and Safavid periods. During the reign of the Jalayirids, new developments were introduced to Persian art, including taking inspiration
Jalayirid_Sultanate
Country in West Asia
was followed by Seljuk and Khwarazmian rule, Mongol conquests and the Timurid Renaissance from the 11th to 14th centuries. In the 16th century, the native
Iran
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
Pahlavi writing system. Although Old Persian also appears on some seals and art objects, that language is attested primarily in the Achaemenid inscriptions
Achaemenid_Empire
City in southeastern Uzbekistan
capital of Timurid Empire, and Samarkand became a noted centre of Islamic scholarly study and the birthplace of the Timurid Renaissance. The Timurid and the
Samarkand
Galery of Art, F1931.29). A later copy is known, the Humay and Humayun, 1427-1428, Herat (Austrian National Library, N.F. 382), created by the Timurid ruler
Khamsah of Khvaju Kirmani (British Library, Add 18113)
Khamsah_of_Khvaju_Kirmani_(British_Library,_Add_18113)
Art in Iran during the Safavid dynasty (1501–1722)
Samarra in Iraq and Mashhad in the east of Iran, etc., thus perpetuating the Timurid traditions, on the other hand his participation in architectural construction
Safavid_art
Timurid military commander (1375–1403)
Muhammad Sultan Mirza (1375–1403) was a member of the Timurid dynasty and a grandson of its founder, the Central Asian conqueror Timur. As Timur's favourite
Muhammad_Sultan_Mirza
Qara Qoyunlu prince and governor (died 1466)
arts. Illuminated manuscript Iraqi art Manuscript culture Medieval art Persian art Persian poetry Timurid dynasty Timurid Empire Rubin, B., The Middle East:
Pir_Budaq
Art associated with a repository for the remains of the dead
Tomb. These single-chambered tombs developed into larger buildings in the Timurid and Mughal Empires, like the Gur-e Amir tomb of Timur at Samarkand and
Funerary_art
Mughal emperor from 1530 to 1540 and from 1555 to 1556
Fazl, Māham was related to the noble family of Sultan Husayn Bayqara, the Timurid ruler of Herat. She was also related to Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami, a Persian
Humayun
Timurid dynasty scroll
The Topkapı Scroll (Turkish: Topkapı Parşömeni) is a Timurid dynasty patterned scroll in the collection of the Topkapı Palace museum. The scroll is a
Topkapı_Scroll
post-Mongol Ilkhanate (1256–1335), and the Turco-Mongol Timurid Empire (1370–1458). Most of the Timurid territory in Iran was later conquered by the Qara Qoyunlu
List_of_monarchs_of_Iran
Iranian Sayyid Twelver Shiʿite dynasty ruling in Mazandaran (1359-1596)
Politics and Religion in Timurid Iran. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-46284-6. Subtelny, Maria (2007). Timurids in Transition: Turko-Persian
Mar'ashis
Timurid prince (1397–1433)
also called Sultan Bāysonḡor Bahādor Khan (1397–1433) was a prince of the Timurid dynasty and a grandson of Timur. He was known as a patron of arts and architecture
Baysunghur
Timurid ruler of Herat in 1470
Yadgar Muhammad Mirza (c. 1452 – 1470) was a Timurid prince who briefly ruled Herat in opposition to Sultan Husayn Bayqara in 1470. He was the last member
Yadgar_Muhammad_Mirza
13th–14th-century Mongol khanate in Central Asia
in 1303. From 1363, the Chagatais progressively lost Transoxiana to the Timurids. The reduced realm came to be known as Moghulistan, which lasted until
Chagatai_Khanate
Visual depictions of Prophet Muhammad
also found in Persian manuscripts in the following Timurid and Safavid dynasties, and Turkish Ottoman art in the 14th to 17th centuries, and beyond. Perhaps
Depictions_of_Muhammad
Timurid ruins in Herat, Afghanistan
religious complex located in Herat, Afghanistan, containing examples of Timurid architecture. Much of the 15th-century complex is in ruins today, and the
Musalla_complex
Irish scholar of Islam
I.B. Tauris Publishers, 2003 Studies in Persian Art and Architecture, Cairo, AUC Press, 1995 Timurid Architecture in Khurasan, Costa Mesa, Mazdâ Publishers
Bernard_O'Kane_(scholar)
Padshah Begum of Mughal Empire
He also mentions that she was a relation of Sultan Husayn Bayqara, the Timurid ruler of Herat. Though the exact relationship is not given, the wording
Maham_Begum
Country in Central Asia
established the Timurid Empire. The Timurid capital of Samarkand became a centre of science under the rule of Ulugh Beg, giving birth to the Timurid Renaissance
Uzbekistan
Work of literature and history, produced in the Mongol Ilkhanate
the Arabic copy was in Herat, perhaps claimed after a victory by the Timurid dynasty. It then passed to the court of the Mughal Empire in India, where
Jami'_al-tawarikh
1379 siege
The Garrett Manuscript of the Zafar-name: A Study in Fifteenth-century Timurid Patronage. New-York University. Hourihane, Colum (2002). Insights and Interpretations:
Siege_of_Urgench
Elder sister of Emperor Babur
Khanzada Begum (Persian: خانزاده بیگم; c. 1478 – 1545) was a Timurid princess and the eldest daughter of Umar Shaikh Mirza II, the amir of Ferghana. She
Khanzada_Begum
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