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Hypothesis about proto-Indo-European society
The trifunctional hypothesis is a theory that prehistoric Proto-Indo-European society and religion reflected a tripartite ideology ("idéologie tripartite")
Trifunctional_hypothesis
French philologist and historian (1898–1986)
Académie Française. Dumézil is well known for his formulation of the trifunctional hypothesis on Proto-Indo-European mythology and society. His research has
Georges_Dumézil
Reconstructed culture of Proto-Indo-Europeans
proper'); Tocharian A ārt- 'to praise, be pleased with'). The trifunctional hypothesis, proposed by Georges Dumézil, postulates a tripartite ideology
Proto-Indo-European_society
Mythological figure
*Trito is a significant figure in Proto-Indo-European mythology, representing the first warrior and acting as a culture hero. He is connected to other
*Trito
High priest of Quirinus in ancient Rome
Greek Eleutheros) or simply the people, related to German Leute. This hypothesis is confirmed by the fact that the two first god names at Iguvium are identical
Flamen_Quirinalis
Indo-European mythological trope
Celtic, and Germanic mythology. Some proponents[who?] of the trifunctional hypothesis distinguish two types of threefold deaths in Indo-European myth
Threefold_death
Three deities that are worshipped as one
of independent gods or aspects. Georges Dumézil proposed in his trifunctional hypothesis that ancient Indo-European society conceived of itself as structured
Triple_deity
Widely revered deity in Germanic mythology
embellished list of rulers invented by Johannes Magnus. Under the trifunctional hypothesis of Georges Dumézil, Odin is assigned one of the core functions
Odin
Non-servile peasant
This story has been interpreted in the context of the proposed trifunctional hypothesis of Proto-Indo-European society. Cognates to the word ceorle are
Churl
Triad of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus
advanced the hypothesis that this triadic structure was a relic of a common Proto-Indo-European religion, based on a trifunctional hypothesis modeled on
Archaic_Triad
Germanic god associated with thunder
derived from a Proto-Indo-European deity. In Georges Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis of Indo-European religion, Thor represents the second function
Thor
People of high social class, in particular of the land-owning social class
three categories: sovereignty, military and productivity (see Trifunctional hypothesis). He further subdivided sovereignty into two distinct and complementary
Gentry
National god of the Saxons
Vries. As pointed out by Gabriel Turville-Petre, Georges Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis would suggest he is Freyr (as a representative of the third "function"
Seaxnēat
Chief deity of Roman state religion
and the concept was developed further by Dumézil. The three-function hypothesis of Indo-European society advanced by Dumézil holds that in prehistory
Jupiter_(god)
Grouping of three gods
Lavandières Mythography Thraetaona Three hares Trichotomy (philosophy) Trifunctional hypothesis Trinity Triple deity Trita Tritheism Ancient Egyptian religion:
Triad_(religion)
Folklore of the North Caucasus
Ossetian division of the Narts into three clans to support his Trifunctional Hypothesis that the Proto-Indo-Europeans were similarly divided into three
Nart_saga
English philologist
comparative studies of Indo-European mythology and formulation of the trifunctional hypothesis. Dumézil had published numerous monographs on the Indo-European
Gabriel_Turville-Petre
religion may have included what Georges Dumézil studied as the "trifunctional hypothesis", that is to say a threefold conception of the social order, represented
Slavic_paganism
Slavic god
Toporov who placed Stribog in the first group of the so-called the trifunctional hypothesis of Dumézil, which groups the main deities who look after the community
Stribog
Ancient Roman sacrifice
suovetaurilia, the ritual has been interpreted as a reflection of the trifunctional hypothesis of Georges Dumézil. Collectively, the three animals perhaps correspond
Suovetaurilia
Christian doctrine about Christ
Christology Messiah Priesthood of Melchizedek Typology (theology) Trifunctional hypothesis Deuteronomy 18:14–22 Psalm 110:1–4 Psalm 2 Hist. eccl. 1.3.8, in
Threefold_office
Broad orders of social hierarchy
(Asian equivalents) Fourth Estate Fifth Estate Sphere sovereignty Trifunctional hypothesis Varna (Hinduism) What Is the Third Estate? Prussian estates Estates
Estates_of_the_realm
Social classes in Brahminical books
reform movements Manuvāda Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar#Law of Social Cycle Trifunctional hypothesis Estates of the realm – comparable European concept Doniger, Wendy
Varna_(Hinduism)
God of the Slavic Rani
was worshipped. Each of the gods, according to Georges Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis, was responsible for a particular area, fundamental for the existence
Rugiaevit
Institution of higher learning in Paris, France
sovereignty in Proto-Indo-European religion and formulated the trifunctional hypothesis of social class in ancient societies. The school has a long-standing
École normale supérieure (Paris)
École_normale_supérieure_(Paris)
Three-part structure of the world in Slavic mythology
representation of what Georges Dumézil studied as the "Indo-European trifunctional hypothesis" (holy, martial and economic functions reflected by three human
Prav-Yav-Nav
God among the Vanir in Norse mythology
in the tale Hadingus passes through all three functions of his trifunctional hypothesis, before ending as an Odinic hero, paralleling Njörðr's passing
Njörðr
Person authorized to lead the sacred rituals of a religion
such as the sick in hospitals and nursing homes. According to the trifunctional hypothesis of prehistoric Proto-Indo-European society, priests have existed
Priest
Dutch philologist (1890–1964)
second revised edition, De Vries lent critical support to the trifunctional hypothesis of Georges Dumézil. Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte has constituted
Jan_de_Vries_(philologist)
American anthropologist (1933–2010)
He played an important role in disseminating Dumézil's theories Trifunctional hypothesis to an English-speaking audience. Littleton's work on the theories
C._Scott_Littleton
New religious movement based on pre-Christian Slavic beliefs
Proto-Indo-European religion and what Georges Dumézil defined as the "trifunctional hypothesis". Boris Rybakov emphasised the continuity and complexification
Slavic_Native_Faith
individual enzymatic functions have consolidated onto single bifunctional or trifunctional polypeptide chains in higher organisms, suggesting stable physical interactions
Purinosome
transformation. The most influential comparative framework is the trifunctional hypothesis developed by French mythologist Georges Dumézil (1898-1986). Dumézil
Hindu_mythology
Rodnover identity and political philosophy
Proto-Indo-European religion and what Georges Dumézil defined as the "trifunctional hypothesis". Marija Gimbutas, instead, found Slavic religion to be a clear
Slavic Native Faith and politics
Slavic_Native_Faith_and_politics
Alleged Polish god
powerful", or the Hittite ḫaššuš "king". In Georges Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis Esus is compared to Jupiter and Odin, and this should support Długosz'
Jesza
Austrian philologist (1901–1987)
controversial. Höfler had a major influence on Georges Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis of Indo-European society. He worked closely with Dumézil and scholars
Otto_Höfler
1978 work by Gisela Bleibtreu-Ehrenberg
Bleibtreu-Ehrenberg interprets these three strata as relating to the trifunctional hypothesis by Georges Dumézil, of classic Indo-European society consisting
Tabu_Homosexualität
Rodnover theological and cosmological doctrines
representation of what Georges Dumézil studied as the "Indo-European trifunctional hypothesis" (holy, martial and economic functions reflected by three human
Slavic Native Faith's theology and cosmology
Slavic_Native_Faith's_theology_and_cosmology
Germanic mythical figure
legend as a representation of the priestly aspect of Dumézil's trifunctional hypothesis. Pohl (2002) points out that in the beginning they are called the
Gambara_(seeress)
Scholars of the Functionalist School were greatly influenced by the trifunctional system proposed by Georges Dumézil, which postulates a tripartite ideology
Proto-Indo-European_mythology
French linguist
period, he refuted several aspects of the thesis of the functional Trifunctional hypothesis. He became interested in Gaulish at the end of his life. He published
Michel_Lejeune_(linguist)
Roman goddess of wisdom
the proposed construct of Proto-Indo-European trifunctionality. However, according to the trifunctional theory, it is likely that Minerva supplanted a
Minerva
Cell structure
Uncoupling protein Citric acid cycle Proton gradient Mitochondrial trifunctional protein Mitochondrial shuttle Transport proteins Mannella CA (2006)
Inner_mitochondrial_membrane
Slavic god of earth, waters and the underworld
kinds of oppositional relationships of Perun – Veles. According to the trifunctional arrangement of the pantheon and its internal relationships described
Veles_(god)
Ancient Roman goddess of marriage and childbirth
interprets as an original, irreducible structure as hypothesised in his hypothesis of the trifunctional ideology of the Indoeuropeans. While Dumézil's refusal
Juno_(mythology)
Gods and goddesses in Hinduism
Hindu Trinity, Anthropos, 63/64, 1/2, pp. 212-226 GM Bailey (1979), Trifunctional Elements in the Mythology of the Hindu Trimūrti, Numen, Vol. 26, Fasc
Hindu_deities
Middle English poem by William Langland
(Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature, 28). Cole, A. (1995). "Trifunctionality and the Tree of Charity: Literary and Social Practice in Piers Plowman"
Piers_Plowman
Slavic deity
"fertility goddess" on the other. Macha was understood by the Irish as a trifunctional goddess: as seer, warrior and guarantor of prosperity. Mokosh, unlike
Mokosh
Italic people of ancient Italy
the Umbrian and Roman triads may reflect Proto-Indo-European trifunctionality, a hypothesis advanced by the philologist Georges Dumézil which argues that
Umbri
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