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Ecosystem event
releasing the next lower trophic level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate trophic level is a herbivore). The trophic cascade is an ecological concept
Trophic_cascade
Position of an organism in a food chain
Look up trophic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food web. Within a food web, a food
Trophic_level
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Trophic cascade, in ecosystems Trophic coherence, in graph theory and ecology Trophic egg Trophic function Trophic hormone Trophic level index
Trophic
Ecological theory
describes the phenomenon of trophic cascade in specific terrestrial communities. A mesopredator is a medium-sized, middle trophic level predator, which both
Mesopredator release hypothesis
Mesopredator_release_hypothesis
Hypothesis that predators are the primary regulators of ecosystems
processes of the maintenance of trophic cascades often operate simultaneously. A general consensus is that trophic cascades tend to have a larger effect
Green_world_hypothesis
Type of aquatic ecosystem with flowing freshwater
further down the chain, resulting in a cascade down the trophic levels. However, empirical evidence shows trophic cascades are much more prevalent in terrestrial
River_ecosystem
Graphical representation of biomass or biomass productivity
bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem. A pyramid of energy shows how much energy is retained in the form of new biomass from each trophic level, while
Ecological_pyramid
Series of secondary extinctions
and specialist species Greenpeace IUCN Mutualism Overexploitation Trophic cascade World Wide Fund for Nature Olsen, T.M. D.M. Lodge, G.M. Capelli, and
Cascade_effect_(ecology)
Ecological concept
top trophic levels, effects may also be felt at all lower trophic levels in a phenomenon known as a trophic cascade. An example of a trophic cascade that
Cross-boundary_subsidy
Professor of ecology
Ecosystems and Society. He is best known for his research on terrestrial trophic cascades, particularly the role of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) in North America
William_J._Ripple
introduction of a species to cause a trophic cascade, which is the result of indirect effects between nonadjacent trophic levels in a food chain or food web
Ecosynthesis
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Cascade or cascade in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Cascade, or Cascading may refer to: Cascade (band), a Japanese rock group, who formed in
Cascade
Predator at the top of a food chain
Apex predators are usually defined in terms of trophic dynamics, meaning that they occupy the highest trophic levels. Food chains are often far shorter on
Apex_predator
Organism that eats mostly or exclusively plant material
restoration projects upwards of $750 million annually. Another example of a trophic cascade involved plant-herbivore interactions are coral reef ecosystems. Herbivorous
Herbivore
Natural interconnection of food chains
direct and indirect relations is called trophic cascades. Trophic cascades are separated into species-level cascades, where only a subset of the food-web
Food_web
Species of fish
cessation of fishing. This absence of the apex predator has led to a trophic cascade in many areas. Many other cod stocks remain at risk. The Atlantic cod
Atlantic_cod
Ecological disaster in low-elevation salt marshes
declines of the next lower trophic level, often the primary producers. Trophic cascades occur across a minimum of three trophic levels and can impact community
Salt_marsh_die-off
Lake in Michigan
strongly to nutrient enrichment in lakes with three trophic levels than in lakes with a fourth trophic level." Paul and Peter lakes both have food webs with
Peter_and_Paul_Lakes
Marine consumer-resource system
they are said to have a trophic level of 1 (from the Greek trophē meaning food). Phytoplankton are then consumed at the next trophic level in the food chain
Marine_food_web
Complex living system in the soil
diversity or biomass of lower trophic levels depends on effects from consumers at higher trophic levels. A trophic cascade is a type of top-down interaction
Soil_food_web
Extinct species of carnivore
viable habitat, as well as human hunting of herbivore prey causing a trophic cascade. The first specimen now assigned to Panthera atrox was collected in
American_lion
Flow of energy through food chains in ecological energetics
trophic level. In order to more efficiently show the quantity of organisms at each trophic level, these food chains are then organized into trophic pyramids
Energy_flow_(ecology)
Underwater areas highly dense with kelp
focused on trophic interactions (the relationships between organisms and their food webs), particularly the understanding and top-down trophic processes
Kelp_forest
Species of cartilaginous fish
that rays destroy oyster beds meant for the shellfish industry. The trophic cascade in the northwest Atlantic Ocean has been cited and used to link cownose
Cownose_ray
decrease. Trophic cascades occur when predators in a food chain suppress the abundance of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower trophic level from
Population dynamics of fisheries
Population_dynamics_of_fisheries
American writer
she earned her MFA. She is the author of four poetry collections – Trophic Cascade (Wesleyan University Press, 2016), Smith Blue (Southern Illinois University
Camille_Dungy
Book by Aldo Leopold
plentiful. The essay provides a non-technical characterization of the trophic cascade where the removal of single species carries serious implications for
A_Sand_County_Almanac
Structure to allow fish to migrate upriver around barriers
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Fish_ladder
American conservationist (1887–1948)
community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise. (p. 262) The concept of a trophic cascade is put forth in the chapter, "Thinking Like a Mountain", wherein Leopold
Aldo_Leopold
Associated populations of species in a given area
to be at the higher trophic levels, often being the apex predator. Removal of the keystone species causes top-down trophic cascades. Wolves are keystone
Community_(ecology)
Organism that eats mostly or exclusively fish tissue
Diana J.; Schluter, Dolph (2016-12-01). "Piscivore addition causes a trophic cascade within and across ecosystem boundaries". Oikos. 125 (12): 1782–1789
Piscivore
Thresholds in a complex system
predation on elk, which had been overgrazing the landscape, triggered a trophic cascade, a self-reinforcing process that improved biodiversity and transformed
Positive_tipping_points
American ecologist (1917–2008)
Hairston’s career, he focused most of his work on the role trophic interactions, such as the trophic cascade, has on determining the species composition of communities
Nelson_Hairston
Rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem
ecosystem less stable. This would raise secondary production and have a trophic cascade effect across the food chain, ultimately increasing overall ecosystem
Productivity_(ecology)
Fisheries for cod
cessation of fishing. This absence of the apex predator has led to a trophic cascade in many areas. While the north west Atlantic cod stocks have not yet
Cod_fisheries
Species of tick
plum-pine, could cause Heath’s tick to become extinct, an example of a trophic cascade. The fragmentation of populations of mountain pygmy possums and Heath’s
Ixodes_heathi
S2CID 16894387. Daskalov, Georgi M. (2002). "Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 225: 53–63. Bibcode:2002MEPS
Environmental impact of fishing
Environmental_impact_of_fishing
Subspecies of grey wolf
have not yet altered elk behavior and populations so as to trigger a trophic cascade in the manner observed in Yellowstone National Park (e.g. facilitating
Mexican_wolf
Subspecies of the gray wolf
cans. As with other wolf subspecies, Arabian wolves can facilitate a trophic cascade by suppressing smaller carnivores such as golden jackals (Canis aureus)
Arabian_wolf
Species of bird
impacts on marine bird populations due to the simplicity of their trophic cascade, allowing for complex, long term trends in ecosystem health and resources
Brown_pelican
Large reptile in the genus Alligator
hunters, pelt traders, and runaway consumption of Gulf coast marshes: a trophic cascade perspective on coastal wetland losses". pp. 115–133. In: Silliman BR
Alligator
Extirpation and reintroduction of the gray wolf to Yellowstone National Park
the wolf on other flora and fauna in an ecosystem is an example of a trophic cascade. Because gray wolf populations in Montana, Wyoming and Idaho had recovered
History of wolves in Yellowstone
History_of_wolves_in_Yellowstone
Aquatic organism that feeds on planktonic food
be an important mechanism of top-down control that contributes to trophic cascades in aquatic and marine systems. There is a tremendous diversity of feeding
Planktivore
Crocodilian native to the Southeastern United States
hunters, pelt traders, and runaway consumption of Gulf coast marshes: A trophic cascade perspective on coastal wetland losses. Archived November 3, 2014, at
American_alligator
Restoring of wilderness environments
to their state 10,000 years ago. Trophic rewilding is an ecological restoration strategy focused on restoring trophic interactions and complexity (specifically
Rewilding
Family of birds
the rapid decrease in population size of spotted owls will cause a trophic cascade, since the spotted owls help provide a healthy ecosystem. Owls are
Strigidae
American ecologist
Broitman, SD Cooper, BS Halpern. 2005. What determines the strength of a trophic cascade? Ecology 86(2):528-537. Collins, JP, AP Kinzig, NB Grimm, WF Fagan
Elizabeth_Borer
Predator that is preyed upon
release effect, which refers to the release of mesopredators from the trophic cascade. These mesopredator outbreaks can lead to declining prey populations
Mesopredator
Study of island organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment
activities and the introduction of non-native species often cause trophic cascades, where direct effects on one species result in indirect effects on
Island_ecology
Introduced species that harms its new environment
occupies a vacant ecological niche, and integrates organically into local trophic networks without causing critical competition or displacing native fauna
Invasive_species
Species of rodent
Hunters, Pelt Traders, and Runaway Consumption of Gulf Coast Marshes: A Trophic Cascade Perspective on Coastal Wetland Losses". In Silliman, Brian R.; Grosholz
Muskrat
Subantarctic island of Australia
Steven L. (2009). "Management implications of the Macquarie Island trophic cascade revisited: a reply to Dowding et al. (2009)". Journal of Applied Ecology
Macquarie_Island
Species of echinoderm
intense grazing pressure exerted by urchins is an important link in a trophic cascade often observed along the west coast of North America in which sea otter
Red_sea_urchin
Species of common rat
breeding bird populations. The loss of shorebird predators caused a trophic cascade in the rocky intertidal ecosystem, increasing grazing invertebrates
Brown_rat
Type of ecosystem
linked in complex web of trophic relationships. These organisms can be considered to loosely be associated with specific trophic groups (e.g. primary producers
Lake_ecosystem
negative impacts on native species. Mesopredator release hypothesis Trophic cascade Fishing down the food web Interspecific competition Biodiversity Keystone
Ecological_release
2023 American supernatural drama television series
revealed to be a werewolf and the one that killed Malcolm's crew. 8 "Trophic Cascade" Jeff Davis Jeff Davis March 16, 2023 (2023-03-16) As the injured Baron
Wolf_Pack_(TV_series)
hunters, pelt traders, and runaway consumption of Gulf coast marshes: A trophic cascade perspective on coastal wetland losses. p. 115-133 in B.R. Silliman
Wetlands_of_Louisiana
Britain. It is theorized that a large predators presence could create a trophic cascade, thus improving the ecosystem. Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx Carnivora c
List of British Isles species extinct in the Holocene
List_of_British_Isles_species_extinct_in_the_Holocene
Common name for a type of bird
Şekercioğlu, Ç. H. (2016). "The avian scavenger crisis: Looming extinctions, trophic cascades, and loss of critical ecosystem functions". Biological Conservation
Vulture
Species of fish
ecosystem. Reduction in populations of this species poses a risk of trophic cascade. In an aquarium setting, they require live foods in their diet such
Zig-zag_eel
Species of fish
Deleray, Mark A.; Hansen, Barry S. (2010-12-09). "Long-term Effects of a Trophic Cascade in a Large Lake Ecosystem" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy
Cutthroat_trout
Biological interaction networks not based on the food chain
primarily in terms of trophic interactions, which depict which species feed on others. Currently, ecological networks that integrate non-trophic interactions are
Non-trophic_networks
Fishing industry practice
trophic levels. The trophic level of a fish is the position it occupies on the food chain. The article establishes the importance of the mean trophic
Fishing_down_the_food_web
Lake in Montana, United States
Deleray, M. A.; Hansen, B. S. (January 3, 2011). "Long-term effects of a trophic cascade in a large lake ecosystem". Proceedings of the National Academy of
Flathead_Lake
Marine scientist
(2002-11-07). "A cross-ecosystem comparison of the strength of trophic cascades: Strength of cascades". Ecology Letters. 5 (6): 785–791. doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248
Carol_Blanchette
Total variability of Earth's life forms
"Invasive species triggers a massive loss of ecosystem services through a trophic cascade". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
Global_biodiversity
Species of fish
Ruggerone, Gregory; Ortiz, Ivonne (June 8, 2018). "Pink Salmon induce a trophic cascade in plankton populations in the southern Bering Sea and around the Aleutian
Pink_salmon
Proposed geologic epoch
"Invasive species triggers a massive loss of ecosystem services through a trophic cascade". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
Anthropocene
Area of low biodiversity
increased habitat fragmentation. Losses at one trophic level may affect diversity throughout a trophic cascade. The local extinction of top-level predators
Depauperate_ecosystem
Current of the Pacific Ocean
Humboldt current are prime for these organisms to thrive. This causes a cascade effect in which larger and larger organisms are drawn to the area. The
Humboldt_Current
Body of water in flat, low-lying areas
swimming. Such disruptions in individual adaptive ability may lead to trophic cascades in a bayou community. Several oil spills have impacted bayou regions
Bayou
Species of crab
C. Coverdale; Nicholas C. Herrmann & Christine Angelini (2012). "A trophic cascade triggers collapse of a salt marsh ecosystem with intensive recreational
Sesarma_reticulatum
Ecosystem in the Rocky Mountains
commonly cited example of apex predators affecting an ecosystem through a trophic cascade. After the reintroduction of the gray wolf in 1995, researchers noticed
Greater_Yellowstone_Ecosystem
Device for counting fish populations
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Fish_counter
Multidisciplinary field of science
stores toxicants in fatty tissues, which may eventually establish a trophic cascade and the biomagnification of specific toxicants. Biodegradation releases
Environmental_toxicology
American lake ecologist
problems" and the work that "has elucidated the importance of the trophic cascade and regime shifts in the management of lakes", the G. Evelyn Hutchinson
Stephen_R._Carpenter
Killing and sometimes eating of potential competitors
the shared prey. Intraguild predation can also dampen the effects of trophic cascades by providing redundancy in predation: if one predator is removed from
Intraguild_predation
Species of bird
reduces populations of prairie-chickens, an example of a top-down trophic cascade. Non-native common pheasants also reduce prairie-chicken reproduction
Greater_prairie-chicken
Parameter in fisheries population dynamics
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Fish_mortality
Species of rodent
prairie dogs are identified as a keystone species and create a bottom-up trophic cascade. Their burrows, while they serve as a shelter for their species, serve
Mexican_prairie_dog
Conceptual column of water from the surface to the bottom of a body of water
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Water_column
Adjacent sea zone in which a state has special rights
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Exclusive_economic_zone
Wildland-ocean interface
of indirect and alternating effects of predators on lower trophic levels (trophic cascades), and their overall impact on ecosystems. Multiple lines of
Marine_coastal_ecosystem
Study in a controlled natural environment
Vilches, J.; Garc'ia, S.; Pacheco, J.P.; Jeppesen, E. (May 2010). "Trophic Cascade Effects of Hoplias malbaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) in Subtropical
Mesocosm
Land resource disputes in across Nigeria
Phase 3. Draft prepared for ISEREOR/JDPs. Blench, Roger. 2024. A trophic cascade in Nigerian vegetation and its implications for herder-farmer conflict
Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria
Herder–farmer_conflicts_in_Nigeria
Trophic pathway in aquatic food webs
biomass than predators and participate in the majority of trophic links. Parasites can modulate trophic flows in a number of ways. They can drive reductions
Mycoloop
Property of chemical elements
through, researchers have been able to identify many novel metabolic and trophic cascade effects. Such an approach has been used to study carbon uptake, nutrient
Stable_isotope_ratio
Invasive species of toad
states that the invasion of cane toads in a case study area caused a trophic cascade over a period of five years. The resident predators, the monitor lizards
Cane_toads_in_Australia
Shower of organic detritus in the ocean
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Marine_snow
Industrial harvest of small open-ocean crustaceans
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Krill_fishery
Highly toxic chemical compounds
trophic level, like phytoplankton. If enough organisms with a trophic level are killed due to the accumulation of toxins, like PCB, a trophic cascade
Polychlorinated_biphenyl
Large inland body of relatively still water
(planktonivorous) fish, thus increasing the amount of algae (see aquatic trophic cascade). The light depth or transparency is measured using a Secchi disk,
Lake
Change to the environment that destabilizes the continued survival of a population
"Invasive species triggers a massive loss of ecosystem services through a trophic cascade". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
Ecological_crisis
African game-hunting species
communities through trophic cascades, and changes in natural selection due to the targeting of individuals with impressive "trophies". On the other hand
Big_Five_game
Ongoing extinction event caused by human activity
Dane; Fairman, Richard (23 February 2020). "Invasive anuran driven trophic cascade: An alternative hypothesis for recent critical weight range mammal
Holocene_extinction
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Catch_per_unit_effort
Overview of costal erosion in Louisiana
hunters, pelt traders, and runaway consumption of Gulf coast marshes: A trophic cascade perspective on coastal wetland losses. p. 115-133 in B.R. Silliman
Coastal_erosion_in_Louisiana
Lake in Wisconsin, USA
herbivorous zooplankton can lead to a severe decline in water quality via a trophic cascade, which has been observed in places such as Lake Mendota in Wisconsin
Trout_Lake_(Wisconsin)
Type of change to how a system is measured
Pop-up satellite archival tag EcoSCOPE Age class structure Trophic level Trophic cascades Hydrographic containment Match/mismatch hypothesis Climate change
Shifting_baseline
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