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Electronic device producing a fixed voltage
A voltage reference is an electronic device that ideally produces a fixed (constant) voltage irrespective of the loading on the device, power supply variations
Voltage_reference
Reference voltage independent of temperature
A bandgap voltage reference is a voltage reference circuit widely used in integrated circuits. It produces an almost constant voltage corresponding to
Bandgap_voltage_reference
Location identifier for a circuit component
Thermistor VC: Variable capacitor VDR: Voltage-dependent resistor VFD: Vacuum fluorescent display VT: Voltage transformer W: Wire Electronics portal Circuit
Reference_designator
Linear circuit that produces an output voltage that is a fraction of its input voltage
voltage. A voltage divider referenced to ground is created by connecting two electrical impedances in series, as shown in Figure 1. The input voltage
Voltage_divider
System designed to maintain a constant voltage
A voltage regulator is a system designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage. It may use a simple feed-forward design or may include negative
Voltage_regulator
Difference in electric potential between two points in space
system. Often a common reference potential such as the ground of the system is used as one of the points. In this case, voltage is often mentioned at a
Voltage
Two-terminal electrical device able to maintain a fixed voltage
A voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage. An ideal voltage source can maintain the fixed voltage independent of the
Voltage_source
Voltage reference used in integrated circuits
The Brokaw bandgap reference is a voltage reference circuit widely used in integrated circuits, with an output voltage around 1.25 V that exhibits low
Brokaw_bandgap_reference
Two-terminal electronic component
voltage reference. A diode's high resistance to current flowing in the reverse direction suddenly drops to a low resistance when the reverse voltage across
Diode
Linear integrated circuit precision shunt regulator
to 36 V, at currents up 100 mA. The typical initial deviation of reference voltage from the nominal 2.495 V level is measured in millivolts, the maximum
TL431
Ken (April 2022). "Reverse-engineering the LM185 voltage reference chip and its bandgap reference". "LM199". Texas Instruments. Archived from the original
List of LM-series integrated circuits
List_of_LM-series_integrated_circuits
Examples: 75B1 – Voltage reference tube, miniature 7-pin base 75C1 – Voltage reference tube, miniature 7-pin base 83A1 – Voltage reference tube, miniature
List_of_vacuum_tubes
Device that compares two voltages or currents
In electronics, a comparator is a device that compares two voltages or currents and outputs a digital signal indicating which is larger. It has two analog
Comparator
DC linear voltage regulator
type of a DC linear voltage regulator circuit that can operate even when the supply voltage is very close to the output voltage. The advantages of an
Low-dropout_regulator
Comparison of a wide range of voltages
compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various voltage levels. "Synaptic transmission". NeuroWiki. Congress of Neurological Surgeons
Orders_of_magnitude_(voltage)
Adjustable linear voltage regulator
LM337 is the negative complement to the LM317, which regulates voltages below a reference. It was designed by Bob Pease, who also worked for National Semiconductor
LM317
Diode that allows current to flow in the reverse direction at a specific voltage
low-power stabilized supply rails from higher voltages and to provide reference voltages for circuits, especially stabilized power supplies. They are also
Zener_diode
Type of voltage regulator
regulators include separate stages of voltage reference, error amplifier and power pass element. Because a linear voltage regulator is a common element of
Linear_regulator
transistor circuit that serves as a voltage reference. It consists of one transistor and two resistors, and the reference voltage across the circuit is determined
Rubber_diode
Reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured
engineering, ground or earth may refer to reference ground – a reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, earth ground – an electrically
Ground_(electricity)
High-precision voltage reference
Zener diode voltage reference originally developed by Carl Nelson for Linear Technology (now Analog Devices). It consists of a Zener reference packaged along
LTZ1000
Type of diode
current. This makes the avalanche diode useful as a type of voltage reference. Voltage reference diodes rated more than about 6–8 volts are generally avalanche
Avalanche_diode
Gas-filled tube for voltage regulation employing either glow or corona discharge
A voltage-regulator tube (VR tube) is an electronic component used as a shunt regulator to hold a voltage constant at a predetermined level. Physically
Voltage-regulator_tube
System used to generate stable voltages, that may be used to define a volt
A Josephson voltage standard is a complex system that uses a superconducting integrated circuit chip operating at a temperature of 4 K to generate stable
Josephson_voltage_standard
socket types, nominal supply voltages, and AC supply frequencies commonly used for delivering electrical power to low-voltage appliances, equipment, and
Mains_electricity_by_country
for providing a set of successive voltage references, for instance for a flash analog-to-digital converter. A voltage drop occurs across each resistor
Voltage_ladder
Semiconductor light source
LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (about 1.7 V for a red LED or 1.2V for
Light-emitting_diode
Instrument used for measuring voltage
laboratories, the Weston cell is used as a standard voltage for precision work. Precision voltage references are available based on electronic circuits. In
Voltmeter
Set of analog electronic circuits on a single semiconductor
current source current mirror differential amplifier voltage reference, bandgap voltage reference All the above circuit building blocks can be implemented
Linear_integrated_circuit
Microcontroller board
board provides the voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates. A properly configured shield can read the IOREF pin voltage and select the appropriate
Arduino_Uno
Short-duration reduction in the voltage of an electric power distribution system
A voltage sag (U.S. English) or voltage dip (British English) is a short-duration reduction in the voltage of an electric power distribution system. It
Voltage_sag
Standard for serial communication
other connections, and establishes the "zero" voltage to which voltages on the other pins are referenced. The DB-25 connector includes a second "protective
RS-232
American electronics engineer (1937–1991)
linear ICs, including the first ultra-low-voltage operational amplifier with precision 200mV voltage reference (LM10). Widlar's eccentric, and outspoken
Bob_Widlar
Type of voltage converter circuit
the design. Sample the voltage amplitude on the primary side, during the discharge, referenced to the standing primary DC voltage. The first technique,
Flyback_converter
Method to control electric motors
their reference values. The pulse-width modulation of the variable-frequency drive defines the transistor switching according to the stator voltage references
Field-oriented_control
Analog-to-digital converter that uses an op-amp integrator
input voltage is applied to the input of the integrator and allowed to ramp for a fixed time period (the run-up period). Then a known reference voltage of
Integrating_ADC
Nonrechargeable battery cell
between mercuric oxide and zinc electrodes in an alkaline electrolyte. The voltage during discharge remains practically constant at 1.35 volts, and the capacity
Mercury_battery
Power supply connections for integrated circuits
IC power-supply pins are voltage and current supply terminals found on integrated circuits (ICs) in electrical engineering, electronic engineering, and
IC_power-supply_pin
Management of the rotational speed of a computer fan
transistor or MOSFET and a small signal transistor or a Zener diode as a voltage reference. While discrete regulators require additional components (a minimum
Computer_fan_control
Circuit designed to copy a current through one active device
current or scale current; VT, the thermal voltage; and VA, the Early voltage. This current is related to the reference current Iref when the output transistor
Current_mirror
Electronic component
transient-voltage-suppression (TVS) diode, also transil, transorb or thyrector, is an electronic component used to protect electronics from voltage spikes
Transient-voltage-suppression diode
Transient-voltage-suppression_diode
Type of analog-to-digital converter
iteration. A DAC that supplies the comparator with an analog voltage relative to the reference voltage Vref (which corresponds to the full-scale range of the
Successive-approximation_ADC
Standard audio signal level
applications. The decibel volt reference voltage is 1 VRMS = 0 dBV. The decibel unloaded reference voltage, 0 dBu, is the AC voltage required to produce 1 mW
Line_level
Electrical potential between unexpected places
Stray voltage is the occurrence of electrical potential between two objects that ideally should not have any voltage difference between them. Small voltages
Stray_voltage
Type of analog-to-digital converter
linear voltage ladder with a comparator at each "rung" of the ladder to compare the input voltage to successive reference voltages. Often these reference ladders
Flash_ADC
1976 international studio album by AC/DC
High Voltage is the first internationally released album by Australian hard rock band AC/DC. It contains tracks compiled from their first two previous
High_Voltage_(1976_album)
Topics referred to by the same term
Line, a hotel in New York City Standards (software) Standard cell, a voltage reference, or a building block for electronic integrated circuits Standard (tree)
Standard
Regulating device used on transmission networks
device used on transmission networks. It uses power electronics to form a voltage-source converter that can act as either a source or sink of reactive AC
Static synchronous compensator
Static_synchronous_compensator
Voltmeter
instrument for measuring voltage, or "potential difference", by comparison of an unknown voltage with a known reference voltage. If a sensitive indicating
Potentiometer (measuring instrument)
Potentiometer_(measuring_instrument)
Logarithmic unit expressing the ratio of physical quantities
audio and telephony, dBm is typically referenced relative to a 600 Ω impedance, which corresponds to a voltage level of 0.775 volts or 775 millivolts
Decibel
Form of alternating current
is an AC system, voltages can be easily increased or decreased with transformers, allowing high-voltage transmission and low-voltage distribution with
Three-phase_electric_power
American semiconductor manufacturer
and linear voltage regulators, and voltage references along with special function devices, such as USB power switches, load switches, voltage supervisors
Diodes_Incorporated
Electric power transmission system
A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system uses direct current (DC) and high voltages (currently between 100 kV and 800 kV) for electric power transmission
High-voltage_direct_current
Thermometer used in electronic equipment
= temperature in kelvins, T0 = reference temperature, VG0 = bandgap voltage at absolute zero, VBE0 = junction voltage at temperature T0 and current IC0
Silicon bandgap temperature sensor
Silicon_bandgap_temperature_sensor
Electronic circuit that charges capacitors
A voltage doubler is an electronic circuit which charges capacitors from the input voltage and switches these charges in such a way that, in the ideal
Voltage_doubler
Type of computer memory introduced 2014
earlier type of random-access memory (RAM) due to different signaling voltage and physical interface, besides other factors. DDR4 SDRAM was released
DDR4_SDRAM
Electrical device that converts AC to DC
but are often found serving as components of DC power supplies and high-voltage direct current power transmission systems. Rectification may serve in roles
Rectifier
Electronic engineer
Transistor Voltage Reference, and What the Band-Gap Has To Do With It – This 1989 video features Paul Brokaw explaining his bandgap voltage reference.
Paul_Brokaw
Electronic circuit that fixes voltage
negative peak excursions of a signal to a defined voltage by adding a variable positive or negative DC voltage to it. The clamper does not restrict the peak-to-peak
Clamper_(electronics)
Reference model for network communication
signals). Layer specifications define characteristics such as voltage levels, the timing of voltage changes, physical data rates, maximum transmission distances
OSI_model
Type of electric power converter
A voltage converter is an electric power converter which changes the voltage of an electrical power source. It may be combined with other components to
Voltage_converter
Electric current that periodically reverses direction
simply alternating and direct, respectively, as when they modify current or voltage. The usual waveform of alternating current in most electric power circuits
Alternating_current
Theoretical construct in circuit theory
that may be a second non-reference node or the reference node. Supernodes containing the reference node have one node voltage variable. For nodal analysis
Supernode_(circuit)
Device used to measure electricity use
ports/modules and so on. The metering engine is given the voltage and current inputs and has a voltage reference, samplers and quantisers followed by an analog to
Electricity_meter
Electrical engineering standard
the positive voltage terminal of the device. These directions may be different from the directions of the actual current flow and voltage. The passive
Passive_sign_convention
Type of transistor
gate-to-source voltages, changing the gate voltage will alter the channel resistance, and drain current will be proportional to drain voltage (referenced to source
Field-effect_transistor
Protective electronic circuit
circuit designed to prevent a signal from exceeding a predetermined reference voltage level. A clipper does not distort the remaining part of the applied
Clipper_(electronics)
Device to couple energy between circuits
the induced voltage effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil. Transformers are used to change AC voltage levels, such
Transformer
Instrument for displaying time-varying signals
a type of electronic test instrument that graphically displays varying voltages of one or more signals as a function of time. Their main purpose is capturing
Oscilloscope
Electronic current integrator
current using a feedback reference capacitor, and produces an output voltage inversely proportional to the value of the reference capacitor but proportional
Charge_amplifier
Protects electrical devices from voltage spikes
diverter, surge protection device (SPD), transient voltage suppressor (TVS), or transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS) is an appliance or device intended
Surge_protector
unidirectional voltage control circuits, where the sampled output voltage of the circuit under control is fed back and compared to a stable reference voltage. Any
Error_amplifier_(electronics)
Solar cell power extraction method
point is thus kept near MPP by regulating the array voltage and matching it to the fixed reference voltage V r e f = k V O C {\displaystyle V_{ref}=kV_{OC}}
Maximum_power_point_tracking
Electronic component delivering stable electric current regardless of voltage
voltage across it. A current source is the dual of a voltage source. The term current sink is sometimes used for sources fed from a negative voltage supply
Current_source
Topics referred to by the same term
microorganism VREF speed, the reference landing approach speed of an aircraft; see V speeds § Regulatory V-speeds Voltage reference, an electronic device that
VREF
Electrical circuit
electronic amplifier that for some range of input voltage V in {\displaystyle V_{\text{in}}} has an output voltage V out {\displaystyle V_{\text{out}}} approximately
Log_amplifier
Rise of voltage of local earth when a large current flows through an earth grid impedance
potential rise with respect to a distant reference point. The resulting potential rise can cause hazardous voltage, many hundreds of metres away from the
Earth_potential_rise
Group of voltage-gated ion channels permeable to Ca2+
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), also known as voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), are a group of voltage-gated ion channels found in the
Voltage-gated_calcium_channel
Intentional loss in output voltage of a power supply as it drives a load
Voltage droop is the intentional loss in output voltage from a device as it drives a load. Adding droop in a voltage regulation circuit increases the headroom
Voltage_droop
slightly different electrical characteristics (different power-supply voltage ratings, higher frequency capabilities, lower "on" resistances in analog
List of 7400-series integrated circuits
List_of_7400-series_integrated_circuits
Computer art form using text characters
R. (2005-12-12). "Minolta SR-T Batterieadapter" [Using a Bandgap voltage reference as Mercury battery replacement]. Minolta-Forum (in German). Archived
ASCII_art
Bulk movement of electrical energy
transmission, the voltage is often increased for transmission, then reduced for local distribution. This is because higher voltages corresponds to lower
Electric_power_transmission
American semiconductor company
operational amplifiers, analog voltage comparators used in electronic systems as current sources and voltage references. ALD was founded in 1985 by Robert
Advanced_Linear_Devices
Semiconductor diode
by the junction of a semiconductor with a metal. It has a low forward voltage drop and a very fast switching action. The cat's-whisker detectors used
Schottky_diode
Facets of an ancillary service
defines the voltage schedule, a target value or a range of acceptable reference voltages for each generator (typically defined as voltage on the transmission
Voltage control and reactive power management
Voltage_control_and_reactive_power_management
Short duration voltage transient in an electrical circuit
engineering, spikes are fast, short-duration electrical transients in voltage (voltage spikes), current (current spikes), or transferred energy (energy spikes)
Voltage_spike
Oscillator with frequency controlled by a voltage input
A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is an electronic oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled by a voltage input. The applied input voltage
Voltage-controlled_oscillator
Topics referred to by the same term
substation. A ground bus or earth bus is a conductor used as a zero voltage reference in a system, often connected to ground or earth. In professional audio
Electric_bus_(disambiguation)
Phenomena that occur as a result of alternating current
of voltage and current vary sinusoidally. In this type of circuit, the terms lead, lag, and in phase are used to describe current with reference to voltage
Leading_and_lagging_current
Method in electric circuit analysis
analysis (also referred to as node-voltage analysis or the branch current method) is a method of determining the voltage between nodes (points where elements
Nodal_analysis
American semiconductor company
engineers later expanded their efforts to include high-precision voltage references and additional mixed-signal semiconductors for data acquisition, data
Precision_Monolithics
Method for electrically transmitting information
one conductor with signal, while the other is connected to a fixed reference voltage. Contrary to popular belief, differential signalling does not affect
Differential_signalling
Base-3 numeral system
not connected to any voltage reference at all. Where the signal is usually grounded to a certain reference, or at a certain voltage level, the state is
Ternary_numeral_system
Venezuelan-American engineer
Low Voltage, Low Dropout Regulators. Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996 (Ph.D. dissertation, advisor Prof. Phil Allen). Voltage References. New Jersey:
Gabriel_A._Rincon-Mora
Method of measuring biological cell currents
membrane voltage at a set level. A basic voltage clamp will iteratively measure the membrane potential, and then change the membrane potential (voltage) to
Voltage_clamp
Device for measuring temperature
thermocouple produces a temperature-dependent voltage as a result of the Seebeck effect, and this voltage can be interpreted to measure temperature. Thermocouples
Thermocouple
Integrated circuit used for timer applications
control the reference voltages: When CONTROL is not driven, this divider creates an upper reference voltage of 2⁄3 VCC and a lower reference voltage of 1⁄3
555_timer_IC
Electrical ground not connected to Earth
the low-voltage side and physical ground (earth). Ensuring that there is no electrical connection between mains voltage and the low-voltage plug makes
Floating_ground
Third generation of double-data-rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory
earlier type of random-access memory (RAM) because of different signaling voltages, timings, and other factors. DDR3 is a DRAM interface specification. The
DDR3_SDRAM
List of definitions of terms and concepts used in electrical engineering and electronics
also References External links ladder network A string of many, often equally dimensioned, impedances connected between two reference voltages. LAN Local
Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering
Glossary_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineering
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Girl/Female
German
Pledge; Hostage
Boy/Male
Irish
Hostage.
Girl/Female
German Teutonic Scottish
Hostage.
Girl/Female
Czechoslovakian, German, Polish, Teutonic
Pledge; Hostage
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Village God
Surname or Lastname
English (Cambridgeshire)
English (Cambridgeshire) : unexplained; apparently from Norman French cotage, perhaps denoting the status of a cotter (see Cotter 2).
Girl/Female
German
Pledge; Hostage
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hostage
Boy/Male
English
Village
Girl/Female
German
Hostage
Boy/Male
American, British, English, German
Famous Hostage
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Village; Establishment
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English notehache ‘nuthatch’ (a bird name, apparently from Old English hnutu ‘nut’ + haccian ‘to break, crack’).
Girl/Female
German
Pledge; Hostage
Boy/Male
Indian
Village Name
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Hostage.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Village God
Boy/Male
English Teutonic Scottish
Famous hostage.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Hostage
Boy/Male
British, English
Famous Hostage
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Male
Hebrew
(×¢Ö²× Ö¸×Ÿ) Hebrew name ANAN means "cloud." In the bible, this is the name of one of heads of the people who signed the covenant with Nehemiah. Compare with another form of Anan.
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada
Tender; Sunlite
Boy/Male
French Irish
Manly.
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
God Snake
Girl/Female
Hindu
A lotus plant
Girl/Female
Muslim
To get joyousness, Gladness
Boy/Male
Irish American Celtic English Gaelic
Chief.
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Firmament Illuminated; Lamp of Heavens
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Travel
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Temple
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
n.
Foliage; leafage.
a.
Light; giddy.
n.
See Pottage.
n.
Leaves, collectively, as produced or arranged by nature; leafage; as, a tree or forest of beautiful foliage.
n.
Leaves, collectively; foliage.
n.
Electric potential or potential difference, expressed in volts.
n.
Drink; also, pottage.
n.
The produce of the vine for one season, in grapes or in wine; as, the vintage is abundant; the vintage of 1840.
n.
Broth or pottage.
a.
Of or pertaining to voltaism, or voltaic electricity; as, voltaic induction; the voltaic arc.
v. t.
To adorn with foliage or the imitation of foliage; to form into the representation of leaves.
a.
Having no leaves or foliage; bearing no foliage.
v. i.
Feebleness or imbecility of understanding or mind, particularly in old age; the childishness of old age; senility; as, a venerable man, now in his dotage.
pl.
of Volta
n.
A turning; a time; -- chiefly used in phrases signifying that the part is to be repeated one, two, or more times; as, una volta, once. Seconda volta, second time, points to certain modifications in the close of a repeated strain.
a.
Of or pertaining to voltaic electricity, or voltaism.
n.
Same as Flotage.
n.
The amount of a sailor's wages for a voyage.
a.
Of or pertaining to Alessandro Volta, who first devised apparatus for developing electric currents by chemical action, and established this branch of electric science; discovered by Volta; as, voltaic electricity.
v. i.
To take a voyage; especially, to sail or pass by water.