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Vigilante violence against minorities in the 1800s US
itself: "Whitecapping is the crime of threatening a person with violence. Ordinarily, members of the minority groups are the victims of whitecapping." Whitecapping
Whitecapping
President of the United States from 1861 to 1865
Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category v t e Individuals lain in state, in honor and in repose in the
Abraham_Lincoln
Act of preventing and punishing crimes without legal authority
scandalous activityPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Whitecapping – Vigilante violence against minorities in the 1800s US Rosenbaum, H
Vigilantism
Race or ethnic-based discrimination
throughout the New World in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Whitecapping, which started in Indiana in the late 19th century, soon spread throughout
Racism
Punishment carried out without legal processes or a trial
Terrorism Torture Vigilante Vigilantism in the United States of America Whitecapping Miethe, Terance D.; Lu, Hong (2005). Punishment: A Comparative Historical
Extrajudicial_punishment
films based on revenge theme Violent non-state actor Whistleblower Whitecapping Tarring and feathering "Phenomenology of Vigilantism in Contemporary
Vigilantism in the United States
Vigilantism_in_the_United_States
Civil War general, U.S. president from 1869 to 1877
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Ulysses_S._Grant
1865 murder in Washington, D.C., US
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln
President of the United States from 1877 to 1881
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Rutherford_B._Hayes
All-white municipalities that practice a form of racial segregation
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Sundown_town
Topics referred to by the same term
a 19th-century American Southwest group who fought against squatters Whitecapping, a violent vigilante movement in late 19th to early 20th century America
Whitecaps
Laws aiming to combat resistance to reconstruction after the US Civil War
to punish a group of men for interfering with black workers through whitecapping. Hodges v. United States would be overruled in Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer
Enforcement_Acts
American politician
debt and enacted mine safety regulations. He also attempted to control whitecapping. The controversial manner in which the state legislature elected him
James_B._Frazier
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1864 United States presidential election
1864_United_States_presidential_election
American white supremacist terrorist organization
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Black Legion (political movement)
Black_Legion_(political_movement)
President of the United States from 1865 to 1869
Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category v t e United States representatives from Tennessee 1st district
Andrew_Johnson
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Racial segregation in the United States
Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States
Battle of the American Civil War
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Battle of Appomattox Court House
Battle_of_Appomattox_Court_House
American vigilante group
White caps were groups involved in the whitecapping movement who were operating in southern Indiana in the late 19th century. They engaged in vigilante
Indiana_White_Caps
1865 amendment abolishing slavery
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
1860s American term
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Scalawag
Political party in the United States
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Liberal Republican Party (United States)
Liberal_Republican_Party_(United_States)
Segregationist and discriminatory state and local laws passed after the Civil War
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Black_Codes_(United_States)
1863 civil unrest protesting American Civil War conscription
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
New_York_City_draft_riots
Migration from Southern US from 1910 to 1970
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Great Migration (African American)
Great_Migration_(African_American)
1895 proposal by Booker T. Washington
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Atlanta_Compromise
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1876 United States presidential election
1876_United_States_presidential_election
Laws enforcing racial segregation in the U.S.
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Jim_Crow_laws
1916 killing in Waco, Texas, U.S.
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Lynching_of_Jesse_Washington
Penal labor system in the Southern United States
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Convict_leasing
1898 insurrection and massacre in North Carolina, US
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Wilmington_massacre
1919 period of white supremacist terrorism and racial riots in many U.S. cities
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Red_Summer
American baseball player (1868–1951)
among approximately 20 men who stoned and fired shotguns, also known as whitecapping, upon the home of Mrs. Wescoe of Hamilton, Ohio. Daub, who passes his
Dan_Daub
American lawyer and politician (1814–1869)
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Edwin_Stanton
Period after American Civil War (1865–1877)
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Reconstruction_era
Executive order by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln freeing slaves in the South
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Emancipation_Proclamation
American statesman (1792–1868)
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Thaddeus_Stevens
House elections for the 40th U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1866–67 United States House of Representatives elections
1866–67_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
Folk custom shaming a community member
July 2023. Palmer, Bryan D. (2005). "Discordant Music: Charivaris and Whitecapping in Nineteenth-Century North America". Crime and Deviance in Canada. Toronto:
Charivari
1923 massacre of African Americans in Florida, US
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Rosewood_massacre
U.S. political event held in Tammany Hall in New York City
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1868 Democratic National Convention
1868_Democratic_National_Convention
House elections for the 43rd U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1872–73 United States House of Representatives elections
1872–73_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
Violence following a murder in Georgia
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
May_1918_lynchings
Period of the US Supreme Court from 1888 to 1910
Congress to protect labor rights from racially motivated attacks such as whitecapping. Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. (1968) later overturned the case. Adair
Fuller_Court
County in Indiana, United States
population of 90 Black people in 1850 had decreased to zero by 1860. Whitecapping, the process by which rural citizens used threats or extralegal violence
Washington_County,_Indiana
Faction of the U.S. Republican Party, 1870s–1880s
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Stalwarts_(politics)
Massacre of African Americans in Georgia
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
1906_Atlanta_race_massacre
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1872 United States presidential election
1872_United_States_presidential_election
American political convention
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1876 Greenback National Convention
1876_Greenback_National_Convention
Financial crisis leading to economic depression in Europe and North America
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Panic_of_1873
White paramilitary group from the United States
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
White_League
Worldwide economic recession from 1873 to 1879
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Long_Depression
1910 nationwide race rioting in the U.S. following an interracial boxing match
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Johnson–Jeffries_riots
1866 United States Supreme Court case
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Ex_parte_Milligan
American political convention
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1876 Republican National Convention
1876_Republican_National_Convention
Late 19th-/early 20th-century period of US history
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Nadir of American race relations
Nadir_of_American_race_relations
Laws against interracial marriage
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Anti-miscegenation laws in the United States
Anti-miscegenation_laws_in_the_United_States
U.S. political event held in St. Louis, Missouri
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1876 Democratic National Convention
1876_Democratic_National_Convention
Anti-black violence in Arkansas in 1919
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Elaine_massacre
August 1919 racial tensions in Chicago, Illinois, US
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Chicago_race_riot_of_1919
1935 book by W. E. B. Du Bois
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Black Reconstruction in America
Black_Reconstruction_in_America
1877 US commission
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Electoral Commission (United States)
Electoral_Commission_(United_States)
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
List of expulsions of African Americans
List_of_expulsions_of_African_Americans
1874 attempted coup d'état against Louisiana state government
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Battle_of_Liberty_Place
Military campaign launched by the United States Army in 1874
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Red_River_War
Place in Oklahoma, United States
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Greenwood_District,_Tulsa
House elections for the 41st U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1868–69 United States House of Representatives elections
1868–69_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
American political convention
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1872 Republican National Convention
1872_Republican_National_Convention
1921 mass violence in Oklahoma, US
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Tulsa_race_massacre
American political convention
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1864 National Union National Convention
1864_National_Union_National_Convention
Historiographical school of thought regarding Reconstruction
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Dunning_School
House elections for the 42nd U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1870–71 United States House of Representatives elections
1870–71_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
Lynching of a prominent Black citizen
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Lynching_of_Isadore_Banks
Extrajudicial killings in the U.S. by mobs or vigilante groups
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Lynching_in_the_United_States
2019 non-fiction book by Eric Foner
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
The_Second_Founding
1873 United States Supreme Court case
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Slaughter-House_Cases
American political scandal
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Crédit_Mobilier_scandal
House elections for the 39th U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1864–65 United States House of Representatives elections
1864–65_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
Attempt to redistribute land during the US Civil War
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Forty_acres_and_a_mule
Post-civil war voter suppression efforts in the United States
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era
Disfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_era
American political convention
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1868 Republican National Convention
1868_Republican_National_Convention
Model for reinstatement of Southern states during the American Civil War
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Ten_percent_plan
American historian (1915–2009)
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
John_Hope_Franklin
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1870–71 United States Senate elections
1870–71_United_States_Senate_elections
Speculated political deal for the US presidency
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Compromise_of_1877
1872–1873 conflict between the Native American Modoc people and the U.S. Army
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Modoc_War
Faction of the 19th-century U.S. Republican Party
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Radical_Republicans
House elections for the 38th U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1862–63 United States House of Representatives elections
1862–63_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
People formerly enslaved in the Cherokee Nation and descendants
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Cherokee_Freedmen
Southern US paramilitary organization (post-Civil War)
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Red_Shirts_(United_States)
American journalist and politician (1878–1958)
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Claude_G._Bowers
U.S. political event held in Baltimore, Maryland
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1872 Democratic National Convention
1872_Democratic_National_Convention
American political group
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Redeemers
African-American mother and son lynched in Oklahoma, U.S. (1911)
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
Lynching of Laura and L. D. Nelson
Lynching_of_Laura_and_L._D._Nelson
Private savings bank chartered by the U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Freedman's_Savings_Bank
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1868 United States presidential election
1868_United_States_presidential_election
House elections for the 44th U.S. Congress
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1874–75 United States House of Representatives elections
1874–75_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
1862–63 United States Senate elections
1862–63_United_States_Senate_elections
1917 massacre of Black Americans by white mob in East St. Louis, Illinois
Expulsions of African Americans Lynchings Lynching postcards Sundown town Whitecapping Vigilante groups Black Legion Indiana White Caps Ku Klux Klan Red Shirts
East_St._Louis_massacre
Federal United States law
(human categorization) Reconstruction Treaties Suffrage Technological and industrial history of the United States White supremacy Whitecapping Category
Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING
Biblical
keeper; dregs
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Well Conducted; Virtuous
Boy/Male
Norse Swedish Scandinavian
From the castle.
Girl/Female
Indian, Telugu
Beautiful
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Pearl
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Chinese, Spanish
Similar to Marcella of Mars; Warlike; Combination of Maria and Celia
Boy/Male
Tamil
Treasure, Security, Deposit
Girl/Female
Australian, Finnish
Golden
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Moon's Being
Boy/Male
Indian
Has no fear.
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING
WHITECAPPING