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1847 murder of American missionaries
The Whitman massacre (also known as the Whitman killings and the Tragedy at Waiilatpu) was the killing of American missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitman
Whitman_massacre
19th-century American missionary
as the 1847 Whitman massacre, over a misunderstanding, resulting in the beginning of the Cayuse War (1847–1855). In 1836, Marcus Whitman led an overland
Marcus_Whitman
19th-century American missionary
others attacked the mission, killing both Whitmans. This event would be remembered as the Whitman massacre, in which eleven others were killed, including
Narcissa_Whitman
Native Americans hanged for murder in 1850
missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitman, and eleven others, in an event known as the Whitman massacre. The massacre occurred at a time when the Cayuse
Cayuse_Five
Orphans during the American westward migration
as well as brothers John and Francis Sager, were killed during the Whitman massacre in November 1847. About 1860 Catherine, the oldest daughter, wrote
Sager_orphans
American writer (born 1945)
Whitman just shot the top of his head off. I stayed right where I was for a long, long time—until I saw them, with my own eyes, bringing Whitman's body
Whitley_Strieber
Private college in Walla Walla, Washington, US
missionaries Marcus Whitman and Narcissa Whitman, along with 12 others, were killed by a group of Cayuse Indians during the Whitman Massacre. While at the site
Whitman_College
1966 mass shooting in Texas, U.S.
contributed to the violent impulses which Whitman had been exhibiting for several years prior to the massacre. At the time, the University of Texas tower
University of Texas tower shooting
University_of_Texas_tower_shooting
Conflict between the US government and Cayuse Native Americans (1847–1855)
backed by the U.S. government. The conflict was triggered by the Whitman massacre of 1847, where the Cayuse attacked a missionary outpost in response
Cayuse_War
Lenape mountain man (1811–1860)
Several later historians have named Hill as the primary cause of the Whitman Massacre, earning him some notoriety. Hill was born in the vicinity of Upper
Tom_Hill_(scout)
near the Whitman mission prior to the massacre and been disfigured during a fight with Snake warriors in 1850 while hunting Marcus Whitman's killers.
Cutmouth_John
U.S. Territory (1848–1859)
their part of the region unorganized for two years until news of the Whitman massacre reached the United States Congress and helped to facilitate the organization
Oregon_Territory
US missionary
Idaho and Washington. Their missionary party of five, including Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcissa and William H. Gray, joined with a group of fur traders
Henry_H._Spalding
American mass murderer (1941–1966)
Charles Joseph Whitman (June 24, 1941 – August 1, 1966) was an American mass murderer who committed the 1966 University of Texas tower shooting, one of
Charles_Whitman
American politician (1808–1882)
Oregon City, and a general during the Cayuse War that followed the Whitman massacre in 1847. He was also a candidate for Provisional Governor in 1847,
Asa_Lovejoy
American pioneer, mountain man, law enforcement official, and politician(1810–1875)
traveled to Washington, D.C., with the news of the killings (known as the Whitman massacre) and the ensuing Cayuse War. Leaving in early January, Meek, George
Joseph_Meek
1857 lynching of 5 travelers by Mormon attackers
27, 2016). The Terrible Indian Wars of the West: A History from the Whitman Massacre to Wounded Knee, 1846–1890. McFarland Publishing. pp. 379–380. ISBN 978-1-4766-2310-8
Aiken_massacre
American explorer (1804–1881)
His firstborn, Mary Ann, was captured by a band of Cayuse during the Whitman Massacre and died soon after she was released. His son Felix, who fought with
Jim_Bridger
Congregationalist mission in Washington, U.S.
mission lasted for nine years before tensions arising from the 1847 Whitman Massacre and the subsequent Cayuse War led to the intervention of the United
Tshimakain_Mission
Surname list
killed in the Whitman massacre Marina von Neumann Whitman (1935–2025), American economist, writer and automobile executive Martin J. Whitman (1924–2018)
Whitman_(surname)
Cayuse leader (d. 1850)
Cayuse tribe in the northwestern United States. He was involved in the Whitman Massacre and was a primary leader during the subsequent Cayuse War. The Cayuse
Tiloukaikt
County in Oregon, United States
commanded the forces of the provisional government of Oregon after the Whitman Massacre. The Oregon Legislative Assembly created Gilliam County on February
Gilliam_County,_Oregon
American pioneer (1811–1888)
series of events in Oregon that Applegate was active in. After the Whitman massacre, a commission led by Applegate contacted Douglas to request a loan
Jesse_Applegate
Oregon military force
Country in the Pacific Northwest of North America. Shortly after the Whitman Massacre, Oregon Governor George Abernethy communicated to the legislature his
Oregon_Rifles
Early elected government of Pacific Northwest, 1843–1849
military aid from the American Government in the aftermath of the Whitman massacre, the settlers detailed the structural weaknesses of the Provisional
Provisional Government of Oregon
Provisional_Government_of_Oregon
treaty, the United States paid little attention to it until news of the Whitman massacre reached Congress. This provided the impetus to formally establish the
Oregon_Bill_of_1848
British-Canadian fur trapper and explorer
settlers taken as slaves by the Cayuse and Umatilla Indians after the Whitman massacre. Ogden retired to Oregon City, Oregon, with one of his several Native
Peter_Skene_Ogden
1855-56 conflict between Native American tribes and U.S. soldiers and settlers in Oregon
happy to get through the region without being attacked." In 1847, the Whitman massacre and the Cayuse War in what became southeastern Washington raised fears
Rogue_River_Wars
Site of murder in Oregon, U.S.
Chinese Massacre Cove is an area along the Snake River in Wallowa County, Oregon, United States. It is located in the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest
Chinese_Massacre_Cove
United States Army officer (1833–1913)
association with the 1871 Camp Grant massacre. He was the father of noted orthopedic surgeon Royal Whitman. Royal Emerson Whitman was born May 11, 1833, at Turner
Royal_Emerson_Whitman
An Indian massacre is any incident in which a significant number of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, as a group, killed or were killed outside the confines
List of Indian massacres in North America
List_of_Indian_massacres_in_North_America
Decade
the Cayuse people) were executed for murder in 1850 following the Whitman massacre (an attack on a mission settlement near present-day Walla Walla, Washington)
1850s
The Whitman Massacre.
List of wars involving the United States in the 19th century (1801-1850)
List_of_wars_involving_the_United_States_in_the_19th_century_(1801-1850)
Treaty establishing the western US–Canada border
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Treaty_of_1818
U.S. military post in Colorado, United States
12, 2016). The Terrible Indian Wars of the West: A History from the Whitman Massacre to Wounded Knee, 1846–1890. McFarland. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-0-7864-9940-3
Fort_Sedgwick
Trade expeditions by Sahaptian peoples
consequently spread across the Pacific Northwest and was a major cause of the Whitman massacre. The Sahaptian nations acquired horses through Northern Shoshone in
Walla_Walla_expeditions
Massacre in Colorado history
15, 2016). The Terrible Indian Wars of the West: A History from the Whitman Massacre to Wounded Knee, 1846–1890. McFarland. pp. 151–152. ISBN 978-1-4766-2310-8
Hungate_massacre
1846 treaty which ended the Oregon boundary dispute between the US and UK
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Oregon_Treaty
Frontier conflicts in the United States, 1609–1890s
and a series of gold rushes throughout the Pacific Northwest. The Whitman massacre of 1847 triggered the Cayuse War, which led to fighting from the Cascade
American_Indian_Wars
12, 2016). The Terrible Indian Wars of the West: A History from the Whitman Massacre to Wounded Knee, 1846-1890. McFarland. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-7864-9940-3
South_Platte_Trail
United States historic place
The Vancouver Barracks were established in direct response to the Whitman massacre and Cayuse War. Congress wished to provide military power to facilitate
Vancouver_Barracks
Newspaper in Portland, Oregon
printer J. F. Atkinson in response to anti-Catholicism. After the Whitman massacre in 1847, a Protestant minister falsely accused local Catholics of inciting
Catholic_Sentinel
Catholic church in Seattle, Washington, US
and its territory administered from Oregon City in the wake of the Whitman massacre. Augustin-Magloire Blanchet, the first bishop of the new diocese, dedicated
St._James_Cathedral_(Seattle)
Mora Siege of Pueblo de Taos 1847 – 1855 Cayuse War November 29, 1847 Whitman massacre 1849 – 1866 Navajo Wars 1860: Second Battle of Fort Defiance 1864 Battle
List of conflicts in the United States
List_of_conflicts_in_the_United_States
City in Washington, United States
by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1818. The Whitman Mission was established in 1836 and closed after a massacre at the site in 1847. The modern settlement
Walla_Walla,_Washington
Early-19th-century U.S. fur trade district in North America
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Oregon_Country
United States historic place
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Applegate_Trail
American politician (1807–1869)
State Heritage Area. He remarried in 1846 to Rebecca Newman. After the Whitman Massacre and during the ensuing Cayuse War, he was appointed as a peace commissioner
Robert_Newell_(politician)
American politician (1610–1680)
though the wagon train later split into smaller groups. After the Whitman massacre in 1847, the Provisional Government of Oregon organized a force of
Cornelius_Gilliam
City in Oregon, United States
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Oregon_City,_Oregon
Statute to promote homesteading in the Oregon Territory
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Donation_Land_Claim_Act
American farmer and legislator in present-day Oregon
1, 1993. The Whitman Massacre Trial: A Verdict is Reached archived website Oregon Records Management System: Verdict in Whitman Massacre Trial Clackamas
Hiram_Straight
American missionary and ethonologist
birth, as well as that of his older brother Edwin. In the wake of the Whitman Massacre in 1847, the Eells family relocated to the Willamette Valley, settling
Myron_Eells
Canadian painter (1810–1871)
detour to visit the Whitman Mission that a few months later would be the site of the Whitman massacre. He went with Marcus Whitman to visit the Cayuse
Paul_Kane
American journalist
1847, the Whitman Mission near present-day Walla Walla, Washington, was attacked by members of the Cayuse tribe in the Whitman Massacre. This led to
Henry_A._G._Lee
were killed by Cayuse and Umatilla Indians. Explanations of the 1847 Whitman massacre in Walla Walla include outbreaks of disease, resentment over harsh
History_of_Washington_(state)
Hudson's Bay Company figure in Oregon (1784–1857)
by Alexander Phimister Proctor James Douglas Jason Lee Marcus Whitman Narcissa Whitman Willamette Cattle Company Lamb 1985. Morrison, Dorothy; Morrison
John_McLoughlin
Historic road in Oregon
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Barlow_Road
American businessman and pioneer
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Henry_Pittock
Calendar year
members of the Cayuse people) were executed for murder following the Whitman massacre (an attack on a mission settlement near present-day Walla Walla, Washington)
1850
Primary fur trading post of the Pacific Fur Company
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Fort_Astoria
American journalist and author (born 1952)
Legacy of Lies, and the Taking of the American West, which examines the Whitman massacre. 1990 Africa: Dispatches from a Fragile Continent 1996 A River Lost:
Blaine_Harden
19th-century Walla Walla chief from Oregon
amongst the Cayuse was a major contributory factor that led to the Whitman Massacre. Yellow Bird was present during the 1855 treaty council of the Yakima
Yellow Bird (Walla Walla leader)
Yellow_Bird_(Walla_Walla_leader)
American politician
worked to raise the money to fight the war that was born out of the Whitman Massacre. Willson participated in the Oregon Exchange Company in 1849 that minted
William_H._Willson
Group of people
Magliore Blanchet, Francis Blanchet's brother, being blamed for the Whitman Massacre in 1847, despite only arriving in Walla Walla three months prior to
Oregon_missionaries
Creek and was a major victory for Native American forces. Cayuse War Whitman Massacre "Yakama Indian War begins on October 5, 1855". "Yakama Indian War begins
Battle_of_Toppenish_Creek
1871 massacre of Pinal and Aravaipa Apaches
110°42′17″W / 32.848305°N 110.704654°W / 32.848305; -110.704654 The Camp Grant massacre, on April 30, 1871, was an attack on Pinal and Aravaipa Apaches who surrendered
Camp_Grant_massacre
Early 19th century US–UK boundary dispute
and established the Methodist Mission in the Willamette Valley and the Whitman Mission east of the Cascades. Ewing Young created a saw mill and a grist
Oregon_boundary_dispute
1 Tiloukait Native American – Male June 2, 1850 Clackamas Hanging Whitman massacre Joseph Lane 2 Tomahas – 3 Kiasumpkin – 4 Klokomos – 5 Isaiachalakis
List of people executed in Oregon (pre-1972)
List_of_people_executed_in_Oregon_(pre-1972)
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
William Overton (Portland founder)
William_Overton_(Portland_founder)
Historic migration route spanning Independence, MO–Oregon City, OR
Columbia River. In 1836, Henry H. Spalding and Marcus Whitman traveled west to establish the Whitman Mission near modern-day Walla Walla, Washington. The
Oregon_Trail
American missionary (1807–1851)
become a mother, Spalding made a commitment with fellow missionary Narcissa Whitman to spend the hour between 9 and 10 a.m. "to seek divine assistance discharging
Eliza_Hart_Spalding
United States historic place
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Fort_Vancouver
Town in Oregon, United States
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Champoeg,_Oregon
River in Washington, United States
White settlers led to the 1847 Whitman massacre where a small group of Cayuse killed 13 settlers, including Whitman, sparking the Cayuse War. The war was
Walla_Walla_River
American politician and soldier (1801–1881)
duties was the apprehension of five Cayuse Indians accused in the Whitman Massacre. The accused were brought back to Oregon City for trial, where they
Joseph_Lane
American explorer (1819–1879)
1906, adding to greater historical understanding of the unfortunate Whitman massacre of November 1847, and the documentary record of the Oregon history
William_H._Winter
American suffragist, writer, journalist, pioneer (1834–1915)
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Abigail_Scott_Duniway
River in Oregon and Washington, United States
between Native Americans and settlers, particularly after the 1847 Whitman Massacre. The Walla Walla, Cayuse and Umatilla surrendered their lands in the
Grande_Ronde_River
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Philip_Foster
American judge
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Osborne_Russell
Historic house in Centralia, Washington
building a small cabin on Ford's claim, he served in a militia after the Whitman Massacre and temporarily prospected for gold in California and British Columbia
Joseph_Borst_House
Whitman and his wife Narcissa Whitman are killed by members of the Cayuse tribe near present-day Walla Walla in what is known as the Whitman massacre
Timeline of Washington (state) history
Timeline_of_Washington_(state)_history
American pioneer, author, politician (1810–1881)
Walla Valley he met Marcus and Narcissa Whitman at their mission shortly before their deaths in the Whitman massacre—the event that precipitated the Cayuse
Joel_Palmer
American missionary and educator
November 29, 1847, the Whitmans and eleven other missionaries at Waiilaptu were killed in what became called the Whitman massacre. Tension had been building
Cushing_Eells
Wagon trail of the 19th century
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Meek_Cutoff
Canadian missionary (1803–1845)
colonization. Lee spent three weeks at the interior ABCFM missions run by Marcus Whitman and Henry H. Spalding while waiting for an escort from the HBC. Viewing
Jason_Lee_(missionary)
American pioneer and early settler of Oregon (1794–1867)
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Sam_Barlow_(pioneer)
Latin Catholic ecclesiastical jurisdiction in Washington State, United States
Protestant missionaries, near Walla Walla in what was termed the Whitman massacre (Whitman was the leader of the missionaries). Despite attempts by the Cayuse
Archdiocese_of_Seattle
1853 freedom suit in Oregon Territory
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Holmes_v._Ford
American teacher and physician
employees were killed in a Ute attack, in what became known as the Meeker Massacre. Josephine, her mother Arvilla Meeker, and Mrs. Shadruck Price and her
Josephine_Meeker
American Congregational missionary
the Smiths left Oregon Country, the Whitmans and some other missionaries were killed during the Whitman massacre of 1847. The Hudson's Bay Company felt
Asa_Bowen_Smith
French-Canadian pioneer settler and trapper
Gervais eventually became a U.S. citizen. In the aftermath of the Whitman Massacre, two of his children, Isaac and Xavier, joined the settler's militia
Joseph_Gervais
1880 winter storm in the Northwest United States
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Great_Gale_of_1880
Grassland in Marion County, Oregon, US
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
French_Prairie
Former American railroad company
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Oregon and California Railroad
Oregon_and_California_Railroad
National Historic Site". National Park Service. Retrieved October 11, 2021. "Whitman Mission National Historic Site". National Park Service. Retrieved October
List of national historic sites and historical parks of the United States
List_of_national_historic_sites_and_historical_parks_of_the_United_States
men were forced to retreat with their women and children. Cayuse War Whitman Massacre Ruby, pg. 264 "Yakama Indian War begins on October 5, 1855". www.historylink
Battle_of_Union_Gap
19th-century Christian conversion effort
Wascopam Mission was sold for $600 to Marcus Whitman in 1847, though his death in the Whitman Massacre left the post unused and was returned to the Methodist
Methodist_Mission_in_Oregon
American journalist
of 1824 Willamette Cattle Company Champoeg Meetings Star of Oregon Whitman massacre Cayuse War Donation Land Claim Act Holmes v. Ford Rogue River Wars
Thomas_J._Dryer
travel, tourism, insurance
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