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Membranous sac attached to an embryo
The yolk sac is a membranous sac attached to an embryo, formed by cells of the hypoblast layer of the bilaminar embryonic disc. This is alternatively called
Yolk_sac
Embryonic cell structure
between two fluid-filled cavities at either end: the primitive yolk sac and the amniotic sac. The epiblast is adjacent to the trophoblast and made of columnar
Bilaminar_embryonic_disc
Medical condition
the trophoblast. When small, the sac cannot be distinguished from the early normal pregnancy, as there may be a yolk sac, though a fetal pole is not seen
Blighted_ovum
Sac in which the fetus develops in amniotes
outer side, the amniotic sac is connected to the yolk sac, the allantois, and via the umbilical cord, the placenta. The yolk sac, amnion, chorion, and allantois
Amniotic_sac
Cavity of fluid surrounding an embryo
gestational sac is a portion of the conceptus consisting of a cavity between Heuser's membrane and the trophoblast. During formation of the primary yolk sac, some
Gestational_sac
Amnion and chorion which surround and protect a developing fetus
chorion, allantois, and yolk sac. The amnion and the chorion are the chorioamniotic membranes that make up the amniotic sac, which surrounds and protects
Fetal_membranes
Cancer originating in or on the ovary
bloodstream to the lungs. Yolk sac tumors grow quickly and recur easily, and are not easily treatable once they have recurred. Stage I yolk sac tumors are highly
Ovarian_cancer
Medical condition
children under three, and is also known as infantile embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor. This age group has a very good prognosis. In contrast to the pure
Endodermal_sinus_tumor
Narrow tube connecting the yolk sac and midgut lumen of a fetus
vitellointestinal duct, the yolk stalk, the omphaloenteric duct, or the omphalomesenteric duct, is a long narrow tube that joins the yolk sac to the midgut lumen
Vitelline_duct
Development and formation of the human embryo
envelope. The inner cell mass will give rise to the pre-embryo, the amnion, yolk sac and allantois, while the fetal part of the placenta will form from the
Human_embryonic_development
Young fish
yet capable of feeding themselves and carry a yolk sac which provides stored nutrition. Before the yolk sac completely disappears, the young fish must mature
Juvenile_fish
Medical condition
malignancies. There are four main types of OGCTs, namely dysgerminomas, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma. Dygerminomas are Malignant germ cell
Ovarian_germ_cell_tumors
Part of an egg which feeds the developing embryo
Among animals which produce eggs, the yolk (/ˈjoʊk/; also known as the vitellus) is the nutrient-bearing portion of the egg, the primary function of which
Yolk
Embryonic structure
four membranes of the extraembryonic tissue arising from the yolk sac. It is a hollow sac-like structure filled with clear fluid that forms part of the
Allantois
Pathognomic of Yolk sac tumor ovary
is a cellular structure seen by microscope in endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors) which are the most common testicular cancer in children. Schiller-Duval
Schiller–Duval_body
Fetal analogue of serum albumin
chromosomal abnormalities. AFP is a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the fetal liver during fetal development. It is thought to be the fetal
Alpha-fetoprotein
Type of placenta found in marsupials and some placental mammals
choriovitelline placenta is a placenta formed by the yolk sac and chorion. In a choriovitelline placenta, the yolk sac fuses with the chorion and, subsequently,
Choriovitelline_placenta
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
body.[citation needed] The mouse embryonic yolk sac, comprising the visceral yolk sac (VYS) and parietal yolk sac (PYS), serves as a materno-fetal exchange
ENTPD2
Each primitive aorta anteriorly receives the vitelline vein from the yolk-sac, and is prolonged[clarification needed] backward on the lateral aspect
Dorsal_aorta
Blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart
circulation, the bidirectional flow of blood between the yolk sac and the embryo. The yolk sac is the first extraembryonic structure to appear. This circulation
Vein
Cells formed during embryonic development
called Heuser's membrane. It surrounds the exocoelomic cavity (primary yolk sac), i.e. it lines the inner surface of the cytotrophoblast. At this point
Heuser's_membrane
Type of germ cell tumor
for the presence of yolk sac cells within the teratoma. These cells can develop into a frankly malignant tumor known as yolk sac tumor or endodermal sinus
Teratoma
Embryonic inner cell mass tissue that forms the yolk sac and, later, chorion
the blastodisc in reptiles and birds. The hypoblast gives rise to the yolk sac. The hypoblast is a layer of cells in fish and amniote embryos. The hypoblast
Hypoblast
Organic vessel in which an embryo first begins to develop
the remains of the yolk in a yolk sac which continues to nourish the larvae for a few days as they learn how to swim. Once the yolk is consumed, there
Egg
Biological term
of cells from HSC progenitors. This stem-cell niche relocates from the yolk sac to eventually rest in the bone marrow of mammals. Many pathological states
Hematopoietic_stem_cell_niche
Thickening on the margin of the yolk sac of a fetus during pregnancy
The fetal pole is a thickening on the margin of the yolk sac of a fetus during pregnancy. It is usually identified at six weeks with vaginal ultrasound
Fetal_pole
Eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column
fish are called larvae. They are usually poorly formed, carry a large yolk sac (for nourishment) and are very different in appearance from juvenile and
Ichthyoplankton
Glial cell located throughout the brain and spinal cord
main form of active immune defense in the CNS. Microglia originate in the yolk sac under tightly regulated molecular conditions. These cells (and other neuroglia
Microglia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
expressed in testicle Top expressed in Jacobson's organ secondary oocyte yolk sac peripheral nervous system gastrula vastus lateralis muscle subdivision
OR6A2
Immune cell found in connective tissue
yolk sac formation involves a transient primary yolk sac, and the formation of extraembryonic mesoderm, prior to generation of a secondary yolk sac where
Mast_cell
Enzyme found in humans
hypothalamus Top expressed in neural layer of retina esophagus muscle of thigh yolk sac gastrula tail of embryo ventricular zone lip parotid gland lens More reference
Cysteine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Cysteine–tRNA_ligase,_cytoplasmic
Innermost membranous sac that surrounds and protects a developing embryo
become the amniotic sac that provides a protective environment for the developing embryo. The amnion, along with the chorion, the yolk sac and the allantois
Amnion
Enzyme found in humans
cell embryo muscle of thigh neural layer of retina lumbar spinal ganglion yolk sac More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function
Methionine–tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
Methionine–tRNA_ligase,_mitochondrial
Form of aplacental viviparity
viviparity", and can be contrasted with yolk-sac viviparity (in which the embryo is solely sustained by yolk) and oophagy (in which the embryo feeds on
Histotrophy
Profound change in body structure during the postembryonic development of an organism
metamorphosis initially from egg to immotile larvae known as sac fry (fry with a yolk sac), then to motile larvae (often known as fingerlings due to them
Metamorphosis
Protein-coding gene in humans
embryo zygote seminiferous tubule secondary oocyte genital tubercle hand yolk sac epiblast More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression
Centromere_protein_U
Veins that drain blood from the yolk sac and gut tube
The vitelline veins are veins that drain blood from the yolk sac and the gut tube during gestation. They run upward at first in front, and subsequently
Vitelline_veins
sac and the yolk sac cavities. The neurenteric canal is thought to play a role in the maintenance and adjustment of pressure between the amniotic sac
Neurenteric_canal
Protein-coding gene in humans
streak zygote Gonadal ridge lacrimal gland hair follicle secondary oocyte yolk sac More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data Gene
HEATR1
Non-embryonic supportive membranes of animal embryos
amniotes, i.e. reptiles (including birds) and mammals: the yolk sac which surrounds the yolk the amnion which surrounds and cushions the embryo the allantois
Extraembryonic_tissue
Relatively uncommon type of germ cell tumour
finding of elevated amounts of alpha-fetoprotein is more suggestive of a yolk sac tumour component. The gross examination usually shows a two to three centimetre
Embryonal_carcinoma
Formation and structure of the placenta
develops from. There are two vessel-rich features in the amniote, the yolk sac and the allantois. When the chorion fuses with the former, the result is
Placentation
Enzyme
proximal tubule vestibular membrane of cochlear duct right lobe of liver yolk sac hair gallbladder sexually immature organism More reference expression data
Homogentisate_1,2-dioxygenase
Identical twins sharing the same amniotic sac in the womb
having a single yolk sac and having a single amniotic sac. However, it is difficult to detect the number of yolk sacs, because the yolk sac disappears during
Monoamniotic_twins
Enzyme found in humans
expressed in seminal vesicula facial motor nucleus lacrimal gland calvaria yolk sac anterior horn of spinal cord neural layer of retina superior frontal gyrus
Serine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Serine–tRNA_ligase,_cytoplasmic
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in spermatid seminiferous tubule spermatocyte embryo blastocyst embryo yolk sac epiblast lip esophagus More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology
Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein 1
Izumo_sperm-egg_fusion_protein_1
Enzyme found in humans
epithelium prefrontal cortex ganglionic eminence Top expressed in zygote yolk sac lip superior frontal gyrus spermatocyte muscle of thigh tail of embryo
Leucine–tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
Leucine–tRNA_ligase,_mitochondrial
Natural premature termination of pregnancy
expelled; these may include the trophoblast, chorionic villi, gestational sac, yolk sac, and fetal pole (embryo); or later in the pregnancy the foetus, umbilical
Miscarriage
Gill-bearing non-tetrapod aquatic vertebrates
hatched young of oviparous fish are planktonic larvae. They have a large yolk sac and do not resemble juvenile or adult fish. The larval period in oviparous
Fish
Medical condition
cyst Epidermoid cyst Yolk sac tumor, prepubertal type Testicular neuroendocrine tumor, prepubertal type Mixed teratoma and yolk sac tumor, prepubertal type
Testicular_cancer
Family of sharks
yolk sac. When the supply of yolk is exhausted, the depleted yolk sac transforms into a structure analogous to a mammalian placenta (called a "yolk sac
Hammerhead_shark
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
nucleus vestibular membrane of cochlear duct proximal tubule right kidney yolk sac Ileal epithelium More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression
PCBD2
Metalloprotease enzyme
bone marrow embryo esophagus hippocampus proper primary visual cortex yolk sac superior frontal gyrus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference
ADAMTS13
Protein encoding gene in humans
left lobe of thyroid gland anterior pituitary Top expressed in embryo yolk sac embryo epiblast lip superior frontal gyrus ventricular zone granulocyte
SLC75A1
Internal space within a multicellular organism
stalk. Here, the gut tube maintains an attachment to the yolk sac. The yolk sac is a membranous sac attached to the embryo, which provides nutrients and functions
Body_cavity
Protein found in humans
ileum duodenum lacrimal gland epithelium of stomach urethra female urethra yolk sac colon More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular
TICAM1
Protein
tubule spermatid embryo embryo granulocyte morula neural layer of retina yolk sac muscle of thigh More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Orthologs Databases
C3orf62
Attachment of an embryo outside the uterus
another 20% of cases, there is visualization of a gestational sac containing a yolk sac or an embryo. Ectopic pregnancies where there is visualization
Ectopic_pregnancy
Enzyme in neutrophils and other immune cells
joint bone marrow human fetus vestibular membrane of cochlear duct spleen yolk sac More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function
Myeloperoxidase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
granulocyte muscle of thigh tail of embryo ventricular zone genital tubercle yolk sac urethra embryo neural tube More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene
NNT_(gene)
Topics referred to by the same term
arteries that bring blood to the yolk sac Vitelline circulation, the system of blood flowing between an embryo and its yolk sac Vitelline cyst, a developmental
Vitelline
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell cerebellar cortex yolk sac primary visual cortex CA3 field optic nerve hippocampus proper superior
Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase
Lecithin–cholesterol_acyltransferase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
joint proximal tubule sexually immature organism gallbladder right kidney yolk sac thoracic diaphragm right lobe of liver medial head of gastrocnemius muscle
ITIH1
Protein encoding gene in humans
pallidus median eminence paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus subiculum yolk sac epithelium of small intestine More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
SLC68A1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
oocyte secondary oocyte zygote granulocyte renal corpuscle otic vesicle yolk sac medullary collecting duct proximal tubule neural tube More reference expression
Torsin-1A
Enzyme found in humans
lobe stromal cell of endometrium gingival epithelium Top expressed in yolk sac dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell neural layer of retina
Tyrosine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Tyrosine–tRNA_ligase,_cytoplasmic
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Top expressed in blastocyst embryo zygote morula embryo primary oocyte yolk sac epiblast secondary oocyte right kidney More reference expression data BioGPS
NTHL1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
placode secondary oocyte zygote primary oocyte spermatogonium epiblast yolk sac More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data Gene
SUFU
Embryo plus its appendages
placenta and its associated membranes: amnion, chorion (gestational sac), allantois and yolk sac. "Conceptus". Retrieved 13 March 2022. The American Heritage
Conceptus
Organ in humans and other vertebrates
an embryonic yolk sac. During the second week of embryogenesis, as the embryo grows, it begins to surround and envelop portions of this sac. The enveloped
Gallbladder
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
central gray substance of midbrain nucleus of stria terminalis uterus yolk sac tail of embryo adipose tissue dentate gyrus More reference expression data
GZMH
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
thyroid gland Top expressed in neural layer of retina granulocyte thymus yolk sac right kidney choroid plexus of fourth ventricle proximal tubule tibiofemoral
MGAT1
Species of shark
mainly nourished through a placental connection formed from the depleted yolk sac. Females bear litters of 7 to 24 pups every other year in coastal nursery
Copper_shark
GTPase functioning in nuclear transport
expressed in embryo embryo ventricular zone otic placode otic vesicle yolk sac lens habenula neural tube arcuate nucleus More reference expression data
Ran_(protein)
Protein-coding gene in humans
primitive streak tail of embryo epiblast otic placode somite otic vesicle yolk sac zygote granulocyte secondary oocyte More reference expression data BioGPS
LIN28A
Region of a specific protein
left lung lobe dermis ankle lumbar spinal ganglion atrioventricular valve yolk sac intercostal muscle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference
LYVE1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
expressed in primary oocyte secondary oocyte zygote islet of Langerhans yolk sac urinary bladder liver right kidney proximal tubule white adipose tissue
VKORC1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
valve granulocyte lip ascending aorta secondary oocyte ventricular zone yolk sac muscle of thigh neural layer of retina More reference expression data BioGPS
UPF1
Unlike any other shark, the yolk-sac placenta is globular or spherical. b At first, the embryos are sustained by a yolk sac, but later a placenta develops
Pregnancy_in_fish
Protein-coding gene in humans
vesicula ventricular zone trigeminal ganglion pars compacta Top expressed in yolk sac tail of embryo zygote morula epiblast embryo genital tubercle blastocyst
Telomeric repeat-binding factor 1
Telomeric_repeat-binding_factor_1
Protein-coding gene in humans
aorta Top expressed in genital tubercle tail of embryo ventricular zone yolk sac lip granulocyte medial ganglionic eminence muscle of thigh ascending aorta
Emerin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
neural tube placenta dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell yolk sac More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology Molecular function
NEK6
Method of observing an embryo inside an egg, using a bright light source
chicken egg, with only a round yolk sac A non-viable fertilized chicken egg, with a thin blood ring encircling the yolk A fertilized chicken egg, 11 days
Candling
Protein-coding gene in humans
Top expressed in primary oocyte neural layer of retina spermatid zygote yolk sac fossa condyle secondary oocyte seminiferous tubule muscle of thigh More
DEDD
Enzyme found in humans
interventricular septum otic placode right kidney neural layer of retina yolk sac ventricular zone dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell More
Dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase
Dehydrodolichyl_diphosphate_synthase
Protein-coding gene in humans
globus pallidus pericardium pons pylorus Top expressed in duodenum jejunum yolk sac migratory enteric neural crest cell ileum cumulus cell intestinal epithelium
Apolipoprotein_A-IV
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
spermatocyte dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell right kidney yolk sac tail of embryo primary visual cortex superior frontal gyrus ventricular
Acylglycerol kinase, mitochondrial
Acylglycerol_kinase,_mitochondrial
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
glossopharyngeal ganglion greater petrosal nerve axial skeleton muscle of thigh yolk sac free upper limb peripheral nervous system More reference expression data
Α-Lactalbumin
Enzyme
tail of embryo genital tubercle embryo embryo ventricular zone blastocyst yolk sac zygote right kidney More reference expression data BioGPS More reference
Thymidylate_synthase
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
expressed in left lobe of liver primary oocyte secondary oocyte zygote yolk sac gallbladder plantaris muscle extensor digitorum longus muscle morula jejunum
Mannan-binding_lectin
Class of enzymes
muscle left ovary sural nerve muscle of thigh Top expressed in blastocyst yolk sac otic vesicle embryo epiblast embryo otic placode zygote primitive streak
Dihydroorotate_dehydrogenase
Protein found in humans
Top expressed in epiblast spermatocyte embryo embryo ventricular zone yolk sac spermatid somite primitive streak fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor
RCC1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
pancreatic ductal cell Top expressed in right kidney proximal tubule embryo yolk sac liver duodenum left lobe of liver lumbar subsegment of spinal cord jejunum
A1CF
Skin macrophages used for wound repair and hair growth
located in the dermis of the skin. They consist of two distinct populations: yolk-sac derived precursors or circulating monocytes. They are tissue-resident phagocytes
Dermal_macrophage
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ventricular zone tail of embryo genital tubercle neural layer of retina embryo yolk sac embryo medullary collecting duct blastocyst morula More reference expression
HNRNPA1
Mammalian protein found in humans
jejunum duodenum colon ileum esophagus morula quadriceps femoris muscle yolk sac More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data Gene
Colipase
Enzyme found in humans
primary visual cortex Top expressed in epiblast soleus muscle Gonadal ridge yolk sac embryo muscle of thigh embryo maxillary prominence thoracic diaphragm intercostal
Serine–tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
Serine–tRNA_ligase,_mitochondrial
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
expressed in granulocyte stroma of bone marrow mesenteric lymph nodes gastrula yolk sac blastocyst lip tibiofemoral joint migratory enteric neural crest cell endothelial
ARPC1B
Class of enzymes
Top expressed in tail of embryo genital tubercle epiblast spermatocyte yolk sac somite pharynx maxillary prominence mandibular prominence thymus More reference
DNA polymerase alpha subunit 2
DNA_polymerase_alpha_subunit_2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ventricular zone dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell lip yolk sac muscle of thigh superior frontal gyrus choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
MBD3
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YOLK SAC
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