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Phrase that can be removed, preserving grammatical correctness
arguments and adjuncts can vary depending on the theory at hand. Some dependency grammars, for instance, employ the term circonstant (instead of adjunct), following
Adjunct_(grammar)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up adjunct in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Adjunct may refer to: Adjunct (grammar), words used as modifiers Adjunct professor, a rank of university
Adjunct
Grammatical construct in which a noun modifies another noun
Look up noun adjunct in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In grammar, a noun adjunct, attributive noun, qualifying noun, noun (pre)modifier, or apposite
Noun_adjunct
Grammar formalism
investigations by Joshi and his students into the family of adjunction grammars (AG), the "string grammar" of Zellig Harris. AGs handle exocentric properties
Tree-adjoining_grammar
Subject and predicate in sentences
adopted more or less directly into Latin and Greek grammars; from there, it made its way into English grammars, where it is applied directly to the analysis
Predicate_(grammar)
Linguistic terminology
Lucien Tesnière (1959). The area of grammar that explores the nature of predicates, their arguments, and adjuncts is called valency theory. Predicates
Argument_(linguistics)
Smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete proposition
illustrate well the difference between argument and adjunct clauses. The following dependency grammar trees show that embedded clauses are dependent on
Clause
Structure of a formal language
al., "Tree Adjunct Grammars," Journal of Computer Systems Science, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 136-163, 1975. Koster, Cornelis H. A., "Affix Grammars," in ALGOL
Formal_grammar
Word or phrase necessary to complete an expression
arguments and adjuncts can vary depending on the theory at hand. Some dependency grammars, for instance, employ the term circonstant (instead of adjunct) and follow
Complement_(linguistics)
Grammatical category for verbs
In grammar, the voice (or diathesis) of a verb describes the relationship between the action (or state) that the verb expresses and the participants identified
Voice_(grammar)
Grammar of the English language
English grammar is the set of structural rules of the English language. This includes the structure of words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and whole texts
English_grammar
American linguist (1909–1992)
the subsequent 35 years of his career include transfer grammar, string analysis (adjunction grammar), elementary sentence-differences (and decomposition
Zellig_Harris
Masculine third-person, singular personal pronoun in English
determiner or predicative complement. The reflexive form also appears as an adjunct. He occasionally appears as a modifier in a noun phrase. Subject: He's
He_(pronoun)
Type of phrase in grammar
Syntax of Adjuncts, The. Cambridge Studies in Linguistics: 96. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781280429439. "Adverb phrases - English Grammar Today -
Adverbial_phrase
Grammatical concept
on the pragmatic dichotomy of topic and comment. In English traditional grammar types, three types of object are acknowledged: direct objects, indirect
Object_(grammar)
Word used with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun
In grammar, an article is any of a small set of words or affixes (such as a, an, and the in English) used with nouns to limit or give definiteness to
Article_(grammar)
Framework for the description of the structure of a language
some traditional grammars consider adpositional phrases and adverbials part of the predicate, many grammars call these elements adjuncts, meaning they are
Traditional_grammar
Part of a sentence
Grammatical case Object (grammar) Preparatory subject Quirky subject Sentence (linguistics) Subjective (grammar) Term logic Traditional grammar Comrie (1989), pp
Subject_(grammar)
Word or group of words that modify a verb
In English grammar, an adverbial (abbreviated adv) is a word (an adverb) or a group of words (an adverbial clause or adverbial phrase) that modifies or
Adverbial
Earliest model of generative grammar
in tree-adjoining grammar as the Substitution and Adjunction operations, and have recently reemerged in mainstream generative grammar in Minimalism, as
Transformational_grammar
Target of a description or assertion
modifier and the head VP. Like (2 & 3), adjunct can have unexpressed predicands. In (7), the underlined adjunct VP has no expressed predicand. The predicand
Predicand
Grammar of the Spanish language
argument in the grammar structure. The object clitic begins in the subject position of the verb, moving up to attach to the verb via adjunction on the left
Spanish_grammar
Linguistics theory about syntax
the adjunct is optional; hence, a phrasal category contains zero or more adjuncts. Accordingly, when a phrasal category XP does not have an adjunct, it
X-bar_theory
Part of a clause predicate
typically not clause adjuncts. There is hence a three-way distinction between predicative expressions, arguments, and adjuncts. The terms predicative
Predicative_expression
Grammar framework in theoretical linguistics
Lexical functional grammar (LFG) is a constraint-based grammar framework in theoretical linguistics. It posits several parallel levels of syntactic structure
Lexical_functional_grammar
Experimental constructed language
net. "A Grammar of the Ithkuil Language - Chapter 5: Verb Morphology". www.ithkuil.net. "A Grammar of the Ithkuil Language - Chapter 8: Adjuncts". www.ithkuil
Ithkuil
System responsible for combining morphemes into complex structures
meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity
Syntax
Grammar of the Turkish language
Turkic languages, is a highly agglutinative language, in that much of the grammar is expressed by means of suffixes added to nouns and verbs. It is also
Turkish_grammar
Grammatical category indicating truth or falsehood
In linguistics and grammar, affirmation (abbreviated aff) and negation (neg) are ways in which grammar encodes positive and negative polarity into verb
Affirmation_and_negation
This article describes the grammar of the Scottish Gaelic language. Gaelic shares with other Celtic languages a number of interesting typological features:
Scottish_Gaelic_grammar
Expression of time reference in grammar
In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference. Tenses are usually manifested by the use of specific forms of verbs, particularly in their
Grammatical_tense
Grammatical number
Geoffrey K., The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, Cambridge University Press, Suffolk, UK, 2002 Curme, George O., A Grammar of the English Language
Plural
Grammatical features of Classical Nahuatl
LOC:locative; CISL:cislocative ('towards'); TRSL:translocative ('away from'); The grammar of Classical Nahuatl is agglutinative, head-marking, and makes extensive
Classical_Nahuatl_grammar
Grammar of the Modern Greek language
brackets and romanization of Greek according to UN/ELOT rules in italics. The grammar of Modern Greek, as spoken in present-day Greece and Cyprus, is essentially
Modern_Greek_grammar
Independent boys' school in Perth, Western Australia
Christ Church Grammar School is a multi-campus independent Anglican single-sex early learning, primary and secondary day and boarding school for boys
Christ_Church_Grammar_School
Linguistic system of noun classification
"10". Test Yourself: Spanish Grammar. McGraw-Hill. p. 85. ISBN 0844223743. L'Huillier, Monique (1999). Advanced French Grammar. Cambridge University Press
Grammatical_gender
Grammatical rules of the Lithuanian language
Lithuanian grammar has a highly inflectional morphology. Its nouns are inflected for numbers and cases. Its verbs are inflected for person, tense-aspect-mood
Lithuanian_grammar
West Slavic language
locative and instrumental) indicate semantic relationships, such as noun adjuncts (genitive), indirect objects (dative), or agents in passive constructions
Czech_language
Grammatical category
the king,... sunki-t = you, the king,... sunki-r = he, the king,... The grammar of some languages divide the semantic space into more than three persons
Grammatical_person
Part of speech that names an object or set of objects
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, events, qualities, states of existence
Noun
Optional element in phrase or clause structure
Another type of modifier in some languages, including English, is the noun adjunct, which is a noun modifying another noun (or occasionally another part of
Grammatical_modifier
Language of ancient Sumer and Babylon
discussions of Sumerian grammar. More recent monograph-length grammars of Sumerian include Dietz Otto Edzard's 2003 Sumerian Grammar and Bram Jagersma's 2010
Sumerian_language
Cause or initiator of an event
language English passive voice Passive voice Patient (grammar) Kroeger, Paul (2005). Analyzing Grammar: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Agent_(grammar)
Property of items within the grammar of a language
grammatical category or grammatical feature is a property of items within the grammar of a language. Within each category there are two or more possible values
Grammatical_category
Syntax mechanism
entertainment. b. For entertainment, the boys roll rocks. -Topicalization of the adjunct for entertainment a. Everyone refused to answer because the pressure was
Topicalization
American statistician and computer scientist (1944–2021)
2021) was an American statistician and computer scientist at H2O.ai and adjunct professor of computer science at University of Illinois at Chicago. Wilkinson
Leland_Wilkinson
Aspect of linguistics representing subordinate relationships between things
separated from John. Many languages make the distinction as part of their grammar, typically by using different affixes for alienable and inalienable possession
Possession_(linguistics)
Linguistic research program proposed by Noam Chomsky
is a major line of inquiry that has been developing inside generative grammar since the early 1990s, starting with a 1993 paper by Noam Chomsky. Following
Minimalist_program
Linguistics concept
Nevertheless [Al], it [S] moves [V]. This grammar recognises a basic distinction between predicator, complement and adjunct. At this basic level, it recognises
English_clause_element
Categorization of nouns and modifiers by function
is the work of Dionysius Thrax The Art of Grammar (2nd century BCE), which represents the first true grammar in the modern sense ever written about an
Grammatical_case
Chukotko-Kamchatkan language of northeast Russia
allows free incorporation of adjuncts, such as when a noun incorporates its modifier. However, besides the unusual use of adjuncts, Chukchi behaves in a typologically
Chukchi_language
Word used in English for conditional constructions
preposition phrase, and within a conditional construction it functions as an adjunct. Where if takes a noun phrase (NP) or adjective phrase (AdjP) complement
If_(preposition)
Class of words expressing spatiotemporal relations or semantic roles
examples, more than one prepositional phrase may act as an adjunct to the same word. As an adjunct to a noun: the weather in March cheese from France with
Adposition
State of standing out as unusual
adequate grammar. In The Sound Pattern of English, the value of a grammar was the inverse of the number of features required in that grammar. However
Markedness
Semantic role
Valency Branching Serial verb construction Traditional grammar Predicate Subject Object Adjunct Predicative Semantics Contrast Mirativity Thematic relation
Patient_(grammar)
Semantic feature of noun phrases in linguistics
grammatical category of species.[citation needed] Construct state Article (grammar) Topic–comment Specificity Lambrecht, Knud (1996). Information structure
Definiteness
Grammatical case
In grammar, the nominative case (abbreviated nom), subjective case, straight case, or upright case is one of the grammatical cases of a noun or other
Nominative_case
Words supplying mainly grammatical information, rather than content information
function/structure words from content/lexical words has been highly influential in the grammar used in second-language acquisition and English-language teaching. Function
Function_word
Descriptive language model developed by Eldon G. Lytle
Junction grammar is a descriptive model of language developed during the 1960s by Eldon G. Lytle (1936–2010). Junction grammar is based on the premise
Junction_grammar
Property regarding whether a lexical item denotes a transitive object
which considers other arguments in addition to transitive objects. English grammar makes a binary distinction between intransitive verbs (e.g., arrive, belong
Transitivity_(grammar)
Reference grammar of Modern English, first published 1909–1949
A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (MEG) is a seven-volume reference grammar of Modern English, largely written by Otto Jespersen. The first
A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles
A_Modern_English_Grammar_on_Historical_Principles
English grammatical process
(an adjunct over the subject), as opposed to a predication over the entire main clause (an adjunct over the clause). In other words, the adjunct does
Negative_inversion
Grammatical feature of verbs
this type of sentence. The subjunctive mood figures prominently in the grammar of the Romance languages, which require this mood for certain types of
Grammatical_mood
Part of speech
the attorney general. Noun phrases themselves can function as post-head adjuncts in noun phrases. In the noun phrase shoes that size, for instance, the
English_nouns
Australian-Swedish chemist and educator
Chancellor of the university. After graduating from Penleigh and Essendon Grammar School (1980) he studied at the University of Melbourne (BSc(hons) and
Ian_A._Nicholls
Phrase modifying a lexical item
Language syntax treats adpositional phrases as units that act as arguments or adjuncts. Prepositional and postpositional phrases differ by the order of the words
Adpositional_phrase
Analysis of sentence structure
Phrase structure grammars are those grammars that follow in the tradition of Chomsky (1957). Dependency grammars are those grammars that follow in the
Branching_(linguistics)
Phenomenon whereby language is used to discuss possible situations
Relativity of Irreality. In: Bybee, J. & Fleischman, S. (Eds.) Modality in Grammar and Discourse John Benjamins Asher, R. E. (ed.), The Encyclopedia of language
Modality_(semantics)
Australian barrister
for New South Wales, and practised as a barrister-at-law. He is also an adjunct professor at the University of Sydney, and from 2019 was the President
Andrew_Bell_(judge)
Nonfinite verb form
observed in such modern grammars as A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language and The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. The Latin gerund, in
Gerund
Two kinds of syntactic relationship
not be confused with the juncture and nexus of Role and reference grammar. Both adjunct and (to a lesser extent) subjunct are terms still used in syntactic
Junction_and_nexus
Arawakan language spoken in South America
2307/481091. JSTOR 481091. Harbert, Wayne; Pet, Willem (1988). "Movement and Adjunct Morphology in Arawak and Other Languages". International Journal of American
Lokono_language
Personal pronoun to denote the interlocutor
determiner or predicative complement. The reflexive form also appears as an adjunct. You occasionally appears as a modifier in a noun phrase. Subject: You're
You
First-person singular personal pronoun
work on English grammar, A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, uses the term objective case, while another, The Cambridge Grammar of the English
I_(pronoun)
First-person plural personal pronoun in English
determiner or predicative complement. The reflexive form also appears as an adjunct. Subject: We're there; us being there; our being there; we planned for
We
Grammatical category for new or contrastive information
topic (the comment, rheme, or focus). Standard formalist approaches to grammar argue that phonology and semantics cannot exchange information directly
Focus_(linguistics)
English embedded clause type marking non-real possibilities
distinct inflections for mood, an English subjunctive is recognized in most grammars. Definition and scope of the concept vary widely across the literature
English_subjunctive
Proximity of elements in a linguistic structure
rules can apply to a particular structure. Theories of transformational grammar use syntactic locality constraints to explain restrictions on argument
Locality_(linguistics)
Sentence constituent
knowing which theory applies in context. In phrase structure grammars such as generative grammar, the verb phrase is one headed by a verb. It may be composed
Verb_phrase
Words in English that substitute for a noun or noun phrase
pro-form for a noun phrase. Traditional grammars consider them to be a distinct part of speech, while most modern grammars see them as a subcategory of noun
Pronouns_in_English
Creation of derived forms of a verb from its principal parts by inflection
principal parts by inflection (alteration of form according to rules of grammar). For instance, the verb break can be conjugated to form the words break
Grammatical_conjugation
Omitted words still understood in context
arguments (subject and object NPs). The fragment can also correspond to an adjunct, e.g.: Q: When does the circus start? A: The circus starts Tomorrow. Q:
Ellipsis_(linguistics)
Third-person plural or gender-neutral pronoun
determiner or predicative complement. The reflexive form also appears as an adjunct. Subject: "They're there"; "them being there"; "their being there". Object:
They
Number and type of arguments controlled by a linguistic predicate
to be a true tritransitive verb (that is, the clause it will rain is an adjunct, not an argument).[dubious – discuss] Languages that mark arguments morphologically
Valency_(linguistics)
Adjectives in the English language
functioning as predicative adjuncts are typically interpreted with the subject of the main clause being the predicand of the adjunct (i.e., "I was happy to
English_adjectives
Form of linguistic discontinuity
and adjunct islands. An adjunct island is a type of island formed from an adjunct clause. Wh-movement is not possible from an adjunct clause. Adjunct clauses
Wh-movement
Principle in set theory
In mathematical set theory, the axiom of adjunction states that for any two sets x, y there is a set w = x ∪ {y} given by "adjoining" the set y to the
Axiom_of_adjunction
Concept in English grammar
In the traditional grammar of Modern English, a phrasal verb typically constitutes a single semantic unit consisting of a verb followed by a particle
English_phrasal_verbs
Adverbials (grammar) required to complete the meaning of a verb or sentence
and stored as information regarding the verb itself. Adjunct Conjunct Disjunct English grammar "Adverbial Complements". Thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved
Adverbial_complement
Sentence with two or more simultaneous agents and patients
Valency Branching Serial verb construction Traditional grammar Predicate Subject Object Adjunct Predicative Semantics Contrast Mirativity Thematic relation
Reciprocal_construction
Determiner which modifies a noun by attributing possession
determiners are determiners which express possession. Some traditional grammars of English refer to them as possessive adjectives, though they do not have
Possessive_determiner
Public school in Canterbury, Kent, England
had seen well arranged abroad, set up a school in which boys were taught grammar; he was assisted by Bishop Felix, whom he had received from Kent, and who
The_King's_School,_Canterbury
Class of languages characterized by a flat phrase structure
In generative grammar, non-configurational languages are languages characterized by a flat phrase structure, which allows syntactically discontinuous
Non-configurational_language
(Markov model) to parse sentences. W. A. Woods in "Transition Network Grammars for Natural Language Analysis" argues that by adding a recursive mechanism
Augmented_transition_network
Word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase
In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun (glossed pro) is a word or a group of words that one may substitute for a noun or noun phrase. Pronouns have traditionally
Pronoun
Linguistic theory giving noun phrases semantic roles
functionalist and language-comparative (typological) theories of language and grammar. While most modern linguistic theories make reference to such relations
Thematic_relation
Feature in the morphology or syntax of some languages
least) are quite usual. In many languages, including English, traditional grammar requires the comparative form to be used when at least two things are being
Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs
Degrees_of_comparison_of_adjectives_and_adverbs
Concept in grammar
In grammar, the term particle (abbreviated ptcl) has a traditional meaning, as a part of speech that cannot be inflected, and a modern meaning, as a function
Grammatical_particle
Part of speech that defines a noun or pronoun
car, Ford is unquestionably a noun but its function is adjectival (noun adjunct, see below): to modify car. In some languages adjectives can function as
Adjective
Paleosiberian language family
preceded by another morpheme within the same phrase (e.g. a prefix or an adjunct), unless the preceding morpheme ends itself in a fricative or trill, or
Nivkh_languages
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
Boy/Male
Indian
Abu al-abbas al-tamimi had this name. a grammarian of Basrah and egypt
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a scholar or astrologer, from Old French gramaire ‘grammarian’, ‘scholar’, also ‘astrologer’.German : variant of Gramer.
Boy/Male
Hindu
A Sanskrit grammarian, The great scholar grammarian
Surname or Lastname
English, French, German, Hungarian (Donát), Polish, and Czech (Donát)
English, French, German, Hungarian (Donát), Polish, and Czech (Donát) : from a medieval personal name (Latin Donatus, past participle of donare, frequentative of dare ‘to give’). The name was much favored by early Christians, either because the birth of a child was seen as a gift from God, or else because the child was in turn dedicated to God. The name was borne by various early saints, among them a 6th-century hermit of Sisteron and a 7th-century bishop of Besançon, all of whom contributed to the popularity of the baptismal name in the Middle Ages, which was not checked by the heresy of a 4th-century Carthaginian bishop who also bore it. Another bearer was a 4th-century gramMarian and commentator on Virgil, widely respected in the Middle Ages as a figure of great learning.
Boy/Male
Muslim
There have been several men of this name, There were grammarians of this name in the 8th / 9th century
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Malayalam, Marathi
A Sanskrit Grammarian
Boy/Male
Arabic
Water; Adjust Everywhere; Pond
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Bengali, Buddhist, Danish, French, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil
To Adjust; To Measure; Thread; God Blessing; The Mother of Kabir
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Abu Al-abbas Al-tamimi had this Name; He was a Grammarian of Basrah and Egypt
Girl/Female
Tamil
Born to wealthy parents, The mother of Kabir, To adjust
Boy/Male
Tamil
Katyayan | காதà¯à®¯à®¾à®¯à®¨
Name of a grammarian
Katyayan | காதà¯à®¯à®¾à®¯à®¨
Boy/Male
Tamil
A Sanskrit grammarian, The great scholar grammarian
Girl/Female
Hindu
Born to wealthy parents, The mother of Kabir, To adjust
Girl/Female
Tamil
Born to wealthy parents, The mother of Kabir, To adjust
Boy/Male
Indian
There have been several men of this name, There were grammarians of this name in the th / th century
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Name of a Grammarian
Boy/Male
Tamil
A Sanskrit grammarian, The great scholar grammarian
Boy/Male
Muslim
Abu al-abbas al-tamimi had this name. a grammarian of Basrah and egypt
Girl/Female
Hindu
Born to wealthy parents, The mother of Kabir, To adjust
Boy/Male
Hindu
A Sanskrit grammarian, The great scholar grammarian
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
Girl/Female
Hindu
Kind
Girl/Female
Irish
Beloved.
Male
Gypsy/Romani
 Probably a Romani form of Bulgarian Penko, PUNKA means "rock; stone."
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Spiritual Treasure
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Lord Vishnu
Girl/Female
English
Brave.
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Light of Knowledge
Boy/Male
Hindu
Hard male Hindu
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Penleigh in Dilton, Wiltshire.
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Union with God
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
ADJUNCT GRAMMAR
n.
A word or words added to quality or amplify the force of other words; as, the History of the American Revolution, where the words in italics are the adjunct or adjuncts of "History."
adv.
Even; just. (Often a mere intensive adjunct.)
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Adjust
a.
Conjoined; attending; consequent.
v. t.
To make exact; to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to bring into proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the body, or things to a standard.
v. t.
Hanging; annexed; adjunct; concomitant; as, a seal appendant to a paper.
n.
A person joined to another in some duty or service; a colleague; an associate.
v. t.
To bring to a true relative position, as the parts of an instrument; to regulate for use; as, to adjust a telescope or microscope.
n.
Something joined or added to another thing, but not essentially a part of it.
imp. & p. p.
of Adjust
n.
Quality, etc., denoted by an attributive; an attributive adjunct or adjective.
adv.
By way of addition or adjunct; in connection with.
n.
A key or scale closely related to another as principal; a relative or attendant key. [R.] See Attendant keys, under Attendant, a.
n.
An adjunct or accessory.
v. t.
To settle or bring to a satisfactory state, so that parties are agreed in the result; as, to adjust accounts; the differences are adjusted.
a.
Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an adjunct.
a.
Tending to adjust.
n.
Something appended or added; an appendage, adjunct, or concomitant.
n.
A quality or property of the body or the mind, whether natural or acquired; as, color, in the body, judgment in the mind.
n.
An adjunct; a helper.