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Pathological embedding of the sphere in 3D space
The Alexander horned sphere is a pathological embedding of the 2-sphere into 3-dimensional Euclidean space. The topological object was discovered by J
Alexander_horned_sphere
Embedding of Cantor set in 3-dimensional Euclidean space
used by James Waddell Alexander (1924) to construct Antoine's horned sphere (similar to but not the same as Alexander's horned sphere). This construction
Antoine's_necklace
Set of points equidistant from a center
3-sphere Affine sphere Alexander horned sphere Celestial spheres Curvature Directional statistics Dyson sphere Gauss map Hand with Reflecting Sphere, M
Sphere
American mathematician (1888–1971)
1971. Alexander's Chimney in Rocky Mountain National Park is named after him. Biography portal Mathematics portal Alexander horned sphere Alexander polynomial
James_Waddell_Alexander_II
Topics referred to by the same term
leader, playwright and actor Alexander horn, a musical instrument Alexander horned sphere, a mathematical concept Alexander Horne, Governor of the Isle
Alexander Horn (disambiguation)
Alexander_Horn_(disambiguation)
Counterintuitive mathematical object
famous counterexample in topology is the Alexander horned sphere, showing that topologically embedding the sphere S2 in R3 may fail to separate the space
Pathological_(mathematics)
Geometric topology embedding
alternative style of diagram for the arc in Example 1.1*. Wild knot Alexander horned sphere Antoine, L. (1920), "Sur la possibilité d'étendre l'homéomorphie
Wild_arc
Knot that can't be tied in a string of constant diameter
decorative purposes in Celtic-style ornamental knotwork. Wild arc Alexander horned sphere Eilenberg–Mazur swindle, a technique for analyzing connected sums
Wild_knot
Euclidean space Cross-cap Boy's surface Roman surface Steiner surface Alexander horned sphere Klein bottle Mapping class group Dehn twist Nielsen–Thurston classification
List of geometric topology topics
List_of_geometric_topology_topics
Embedding of the circle in three dimensional Euclidean space
Morse. The Alexander horned sphere is an example of a knotted 2-sphere in the 3-sphere which is not tame. In the smooth category, the n-sphere is known
Knot_(mathematics)
any manifold, and even for some non-manifold sets such as the Alexander horned sphere, the notion of double tends to be used primarily in the context
Double_(manifold)
dimensions, that is, for surfaces. However, as the example of Alexander horned sphere shows, there are wild embeddings among 3-manifolds, so this property
Tameness_theorem
Theorem in topology
because it retracts onto the unit sphere, the Alexander horned sphere is a subset of R3 homeomorphic to a sphere, but so twisted in space that the unbounded
Jordan_curve_theorem
List of concrete topologies and topological spaces
earring Long line (topology) Rose (topology) Alexander horned sphere − A particular embedding of a sphere into 3-dimensional Euclidean space. Antoine's
List_of_topologies
inference to get a quick impression of the flavor of that subject. Alexander horned sphere All horses are the same color Cantor function Cantor set Checking
List_of_mathematical_examples
Type of n-manifold in topology
is irreducible: all smooth 2-spheres in it bound balls. On the other hand, Alexander's horned sphere is a non-smooth sphere in R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb
Prime_manifold
Fractal with infinite genus
systems, the Cantor tree is an infinite-genus surface homeomorphic to a sphere with a Cantor set removed. The blooming Cantor tree is a Cantor tree with
Cantor_tree_surface
Volume space bounded by a sphere
Neighbourhood (mathematics) Sphere, a similar geometric shape 3-sphere n-sphere, or hypersphere Alexander horned sphere Manifold Volume of an n-ball
Ball_(mathematics)
American mathematician
the double of a solid Alexander horned sphere was the 3-sphere, demonstrating the existence of wild involutions on the 3-sphere with fixed point set equal
R._H._Bing
Two-dimensional manifold
intersect themselves. The Alexander horned sphere is a well-known pathological embedding of the two-sphere into the three-sphere. The chosen embedding (if
Surface_(topology)
King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BC
Two-Horned One') is believed by the majority of modern researchers of the Qur'an as well as Islamic commentators to be a reference to Alexander. The
Alexander_the_Great
Extends the Jordan curve theorem to characterize the inner and outer regions
dimensions. In three dimensions there are counterexamples such as Alexander's horned sphere. Although they separate space into two regions, those regions
Schoenflies_problem
French mathematician (1888–1971)
mathematician who discovered Antoine's necklace, which J. W. Alexander used to construct Antoine's horned sphere. He lost his eyesight in the first World War, at
Louis_Antoine
5th century BC Greek philosopher
without shoulders. Then as these fragmentary structures met, there were seen horned heads on human bodies, bodies of oxen with human heads, and figures of double
Empedocles
Ruler of the Titans in Greek mythology
Great Dionysiak Myth, 1877, ii.127. "Kronos signifies 'the Horned one'", the Rev. Alexander Hislop had previously asserted in The Two Babylons; or, The
Cronus
Legendary reptile in European mythology
Colo (mythology) Germanic dragon Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Horned Serpent Lindworm Lernaean Hydra The Owl House Prehistoric snakes Roko's
Basilisk
Russian writer (1922–2006)
Alexander Alexandrovich Zinoviev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Зино́вьев; 29 October 1922 – 10 May 2006) was a Soviet philosopher, writer, sociologist
Alexander_Zinoviev
Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer
Scorpio) ΤΟΞΟΤΗΣ (Toxotes [Archer], Sagittarius) ΑΙΓΟΚΕΡΩΣ (Aigokeros [Goat-horned], Capricorn) ΥΔΡΟΧΟΟΣ (Hydrokhoos [Water carrier], Aquarius) ΙΧΘΥΕΣ (Ichthyes
Antikythera_mechanism
Local and global geometry of the universe
curved, and, whether the topology is simply connected (for example, like a sphere) or else multiply connected (for example, like a torus). The observable
Shape_of_the_universe
stew, beef kidney, cardoons, fried egg cake Dessert: cricket milkshake, horned melon, green pepper jelly, dragon beard candy Contestants: Sarah Cloyd,
List of Chopped episodes (season 41–present)
List_of_Chopped_episodes_(season_41–present)
Fictional character
group must pass through a valley with the Horned King's war band, Eilonwy rides with Taran and leaps at the Horned King to try to protect him. When Taran
Princess_Eilonwy
List of early depictions of the world
sees nothing", and "the sun is not visible". The sixth region, "where a horned bull dwells and attacks the newcomer". The seventh region lay in the east
Early_world_maps
2017. Scott, Michael (1989). Irish Folk and Fairy Tales Omnibus. London: Sphere Books (Penguin Books in U.S.). ISBN 0-7515-0886-1; ISBN 978-0-7515-0886-4
List_of_fairy_tales
2014 crime fiction novel by J. K. Rowling
marriage and his descent into alcoholism. Jerry appears as The Cutter, a horned, troll-like creature that ruthlessly destroys Bombyx's work. He carries
The_Silkworm
remove the prosthetics when filming Black Panther. Loki's horned helmet is a golden horned helmet worn by Loki as well as his variants, including Sylvie
Features of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Features_of_the_Marvel_Cinematic_Universe
Ancient Greek god of winemaking and wine
Nonnus calls him the "older Dionysos ... illfated Zagreus", "Zagreus the horned baby", "Zagreus, the first Dionysos", "Zagreus the ancient Dionysos", and
Dionysus
Ethnic group in the Sahel and West Africa
the Sokoto Gudali and the Adamawa Gudali or simply Gudali, which means "horned and short legged" in the Hausa language. The widely accepted theory for
Fula_people
Place where a bird lays its eggs
20 °C (36 °F) cooler than those of the surrounding ground. The base of the horned coot's enormous nest is a mound built of stones, gathered one at a time
Bird_nest
Pharaoh of Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BC
seen among the pharaoh's body-guard where they are conspicuous by their horned helmets with a ball projecting from the middle, their round shields, and
Ramesses_II
State in Mesopotamia (c. 2334–2154 BC)
” and a cult in his honor was established. In depictions, he wears the horned tiara, an attribute of the gods. The king is thus divine in essence, even
Akkadian_Empire
Greek goddess of magic and transitions
ISBN 978-2-251-00389-4. Von Rudloff, Robert. Hekate in Ancient Greek Religion. Horned Owl Publishing (July 1999) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hecate
Hecate
Legendary animal
Griffin Legend Witton, Mark P.; Hing, Richard A. (20 June 2024). "Did the horned dinosaur Protoceratops inspire the griffin?". Interdisciplinary Science
Griffin
Genus of Late Cretaceous theropod
University Press. pp. 355–368. ISBN 978-0-253-35087-9. Dodson, P. (1996). The Horned Dinosaurs. Princeton University Press. p. 19. Tanke, D. H.; Currie, P. J
Tyrannosaurus
Ancient Mesopotamian goddess
other Sumerian divinities, she seems to have initially lacked a distinct sphere of responsibilities. The view that there was a Proto-Euphratean substrate
Inanna
Ethnic group in Pakistan
conclusion of the Durand Agreement, under which Kafiristan fell into the Afghan sphere of influence. Prior to the 1940s the Kalash inhabited five valleys, the
Kalash_people
Historical dress of the Han Chinese people
from the Han dynasty, the first golden age of China with international sphere of influence. The centuries-long prosperity and stability of the Han dynasty
Hanfu
Religion practised by ancient Celtic people
literature on mythology.[citation needed] A notable example of this is the horned god that was called Cernunnos; several depictions and inscriptions of him
Ancient_Celtic_religion
Figure in Abrahamic religions
existing outside and apart from humanity but profoundly influencing the human sphere". Bernard McGinn describes multiple traditions detailing the relationship
Satan
Archaeological site in southwestern Illinois, US
novel List of Mississippian sites Mississippian Ideological Interaction Sphere Mississippian stone statuary Poverty Point – UNESCO-designated mound complex
Cahokia
Region in antiquity around the Indus River Delta
indeed appears to be the case, as in ancient Latin 'patalis' meant 'broad-horned', usually used in conjunction with 'bos', meaning an ox or a bull or all
Regio_Patalis
Range of related ideas and movements that have developed in the Western world
material world, but that it could progress, through a number of hierarchical spheres of being, to return to its divine origins once more. The later Neoplatonists
Western_esotericism
Prehistoric period of Mesopotamia
122) Ubaid (6th–5th millennium BC) stamp seal and modern impression with horned animal and bird motif from northern Syria or southeastern Anatolia, currently
Ubaid_period
Bronze Age civilisation in South Asia
bull also appears in the seals, in particular in a fighting scene with a horned tiger-like beast. This deity has been compared to the Mesopotamian bull-man
Indus_Valley_Civilisation
False claims about Jews and Judaism
tail, while a second Jew sucks at her milk and a third eats her feces. The horned devil, himself wearing a Jewish badge, looks on and the butchered Simon
Antisemitic_trope
been identified as a possible temple. Horned deity with one-horned attendants on an Indus Valley seal. Horned deities are a standard Mesopotamian theme
History_of_Hinduism
Soldier who fights for hire
New Kingdom and Sherdens from Sardinia who appear in their distinctive horned helmets on wall paintings as body guards for Ramesses II. Celtic mercenaries
Mercenary
Archaeological culture of Mesopotamia
eagles. Some anthropomorphic creatures are probably deities, as they wear a horned tiara, which was a symbol of divinity. Scenes with cultic themes, including
Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)
Early_Dynastic_Period_(Mesopotamia)
Natural satellite orbiting Earth
Mene/Selene of ancient Greece and Luna of ancient Rome, depicted as a horned deity, featuring crescent shaped headgears or crowns. The particular arrangement
Moon
Everything in space and time
Lustig, S.; Steiner, F.; Then, H. (2004). "Hyperbolic Universes with a Horned Topology and the CMB Anisotropy". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 21 (21):
Universe
Natural history museum in Manhattan, New York
sphere that appears to float, although it is actually supported by truss work. Polshek has referred to his work as a "cosmic cathedral". The sphere is
American Museum of Natural History
American_Museum_of_Natural_History
time resurrecting Sphere-Gomora, Sphere-Red King and Sphere-Neomegas as guardians against Ultraman Decker's assault. Mother Sphere (マザースフィア, Mazā Sufia;
List of Ultraman Trigger: New Generation Tiga characters
List_of_Ultraman_Trigger:_New_Generation_Tiga_characters
Country in Southeastern Europe
carries the helmet of Skanderbeg that is crowned with the head of a golden horned goat. Ti Shqipëri, më jep nder, më jep emrin Shqipëtar, which translates
Albania
Impact of Emperor from 1508 to 1519
Retrieved 21 November 2021. Terjanian 2019, pp. 17–32, 120. "Armet – The Horned Helmet (1512)". Royal Armouries – Collections. Archived from the original
Legacy of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Legacy_of_Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
1918–1920 country in Western Asia
half the vineyards in the Aras River valley were ruined, 200,000 large-horned animals were chased away in addition to thousands of carts of agricultural
First_Republic_of_Armenia
Ancient sculptures in Sardinia (Italy)
sculptures evidently portray warriors with an envelope-shaped, crested and horned nuragic helmet – as also suggested by the crest and by the circular cavities
Giants_of_Mont'e_Prama
Period between prehistory and the medieval era
other areas in Southeast Asia (known as the Sa Huynh-Kalanay Interaction Sphere). Lingling-o artefacts are among the notable archaeological finds originating
Ancient_history
British Egyptologist (1863–1963)
attempt to extinguish a surviving pre-Christian, pagan religion devoted to a Horned God. Although later academically discredited, the theory gained widespread
Margaret_Murray
U.S. state
championship in football: the Texas Longhorns, the Texas A&M Aggies, the TCU Horned Frogs, and the SMU Mustangs. According to a survey of Division I-A coaches
Texas
Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021. "Horned Knight launches February 23 for PS4, February 24 for Xbox One, and February
List of video games released in 2021
List_of_video_games_released_in_2021
Prominent trading partner of Sumer during the Middle Bronze Age
trade network, which G.L. Possehl has called a "Middle Asian Interaction Sphere". What the commerce consisted of is less sure: timber and precious woods
Meluhha
Japanese actor (1933–2023)
(Ed, Psycho Mantis, Beast unit's voice) Ninja Gaiden 2 (Dagra Dai) Odin Sphere (Brigand, Belial) Policenauts (Ed Brown) Rogue Galaxy (Dorgengoa) Saint
Shōzō_Iizuka
centuries AD, bordering with the Byzantine Empire to the south, came under the sphere of influence of Eastern Christianity relatively early, beginning with the
Slavic_paganism
Ancient city in Iran
it could be local choice". King-priest with bow fighting enemies, with horned temple in the center. Susa II or Uruk period (3800–3100 BC), found in excavations
Susa
Transfer of the meaning of something in one language into another
identifies various criteria and limitations in translation. In the East Asian sphere of Chinese cultural influence, more important than translation per se has
Translation
U.S. state
black-capped chickadee. Birds of prey that are present in the state are great horned owls, bald eagles, red-tailed hawks, American kestrels, and northern harriers
New_York_(state)
mercenaries have earned a tough reputation throughout the Inner Sphere. But the Inner Sphere isn't where their newest job is taking them—because their latest
List_of_BattleTech_novels
winged serpent, and gives inaccurate descriptions of the hippopotamus and horned viper; while Herodotus was quite critical about the stories he heard from
Ancient Egypt in the Western imagination
Ancient_Egypt_in_the_Western_imagination
Ancient ethnic group from north-western Italy and south-eastern Gaul
and so older than the historical Ligures, depict sun-signs, lightning, horned figures, chariots, warriors and weapons and have been read as the image
Ligures
Brenda J. Chinnery-Allgeier, and David A. Eberth (eds), New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs: The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium, Indiana University
List of organisms named after works of fiction
List_of_organisms_named_after_works_of_fiction
Heavenly beings found in the Islamic tradition
the human mind is conceptualized to form a connection with the heavenly spheres (malakūt) through such heavenly entities associated with light (nūr). In
Angels_in_Islam
with children, Pahari painting style, 1760. Company style, 1770s, Crimson Horned Pheasant (Satyr Tragapan) Râdhâ arrests Krishna, Pahari painting style,
History_of_painting
Battles involving Armenian National movement
half the vineyards in the Araxes valley ruined, and about 200,000 large horned animals driven away, together with thousands of carts and agricultural implements
Turkish_invasion_of_Armenia
Fictional world in Final Fantasy games
deceased" and other abilities related to pyreflies. The Ronso are a race of horned, blue-furred, lion-like humanoids who live on Mt. Gagazet, which they consider
Spira_(Final_Fantasy)
Ethnogenesis of Romanians
previously used in the region, and most of the animal bones discovered were from horned cattle and pigs, not sheep or goats which are usually associated with transhumant
Origin_of_the_Romanians
Fighting systems of the Indian subcontinent
another old grappling art in which the competitors wrestled while wearing a horned knuckleduster. In a later style called naki ka kusti (claw wrestling), the
Indian_martial_arts
People of the ancient Near East
cross-pollination with other religions. After Babylon came within the Kassite sphere of control its city-god, Marduk, was absorbed into the Kassite pantheon
Kassites
Epic cycle of the Scythian religion
and a lawgiver, while Kərəsāspa was a famous heroic warrior who slew a horned dragon. Ahura Mazdā offered to Yima the suβrā and aštrā which Yima used
Scythian_genealogical_myth
Mississippian culture chiefdom in Tennessee
which they cultivated. Chiaha was at the northern extreme of the Coosa's sphere of influence in the 16th century when the Spanish expeditions of Hernando
Chiaha
Australian zoologist, palaeontologist, and museum curator (1830–1881)
a holotype (or "type specimen"), which he named ceratodus latissimus ('horned tooth' + 'broadest'), and had supposed — based upon the structure of their
Gerard_Krefft
Neopagan new religious movements
emigrated to Buenos Aires, in Argentina, when Hungary became part of the Soviet sphere of influence, and after the latter's collapse returned to his home country
Zuism
Popular tales and legends from Italy
transformed, with the advent of Christianity, into a demon. Krampus is a horned, anthropomorphic figure in Central and Eastern Alpine folklore who, during
Folklore_of_Italy
Iowa at the time was part of the periphery of the Hopewell Interaction Sphere. During the Mississippian period (beginning about A.D. 900) increased use
History_of_Iowa
Depictions of deer, goat, bird, celestial luminary, lion-faced men and horned horses (unicorns) were particularly widespread. The chariot battle scenes
Archaeological heritage of Armenia
Archaeological_heritage_of_Armenia
Ancient Philistine city and modern archaeological site in Israel
cache of seven well-preserved large iron agricultural tools and nine four-horned limestone altars. The 115 oil presses found at Ekron have a production capacity
Ekron
Middle Woodland period we see artifacts linked to the Hopewell interaction sphere in Indiana as early as 200 BC. This is the first culture to show evidence
History_of_Indiana
unlikely. Among the animals depicted, alone or in staged scenes, are large-horned buffalo (the extinct bubalus antiquus), elephants, donkeys, colts, rams
History_of_Tunisia
Texas Christian University. He pitched in parts of five seasons with the Horned Frogs while also pursuing a degree in urban wildlife biology. Ultimately
Philadelphia Phillies minor league players
Philadelphia_Phillies_minor_league_players
Criticism of the doctrines and practices of modern paganism
duotheistic veneration of a God-Goddess pairing, often the Triple Goddess and Horned God, a pairing used by Wiccans. The Goddess (representing the feminine)
Criticism_of_modern_paganism
the valley, including Chiaha, was part of the Coosa chiefdom's regional sphere of influence. Inhabitants spoke a dialect of the Muskogean language, and
History_of_Tennessee
prudent Virgin, who brought holy joys to the world, and transcended all spheres, and melted the stars beneath her feet with brilliant beams and gleaming
Cultural depictions of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Cultural_depictions_of_Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
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ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
ALEXANDER HORNED-SPHERE
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