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Argument for the existence of God
The argument from morality is an argument for the existence of God. Arguments from morality tend to be based on moral normativity or moral order. Arguments
Argument_from_morality
Philosophical concept
argument from morality by showing how an equal treatment of actual and non-actual persons would lead to highly implausible consequences for morality,
Modal_realism
Philosophical question
predicting the physical world. The argument from morality is an argument for the existence of God. Arguments from morality tend to be based on moral normativity
Existence_of_God
Argument for the existence of an immortal soul
The argument from desire is an argument for the existence of the immortality of the soul. The best-known defender of the argument is the Christian writer
Argument_from_desire
Argument from morality or via the Transcendental argument for the existence of God). Russell's teapot Oxford Reference website, Presupposition, from The
Presupposition_(philosophy)
Argument for the existence of God
For Kant, morality is best explained by the existence of God. 2) C. S. Lewis's argument from reason is also a kind of transcendental argument. 3) The term
Transcendental argument for the existence of God
Transcendental_argument_for_the_existence_of_God
Supreme deity in theistic belief systems
argued that a subjective account for morality can be acceptable. Similar to the argument from morality is the argument from conscience which argues for the
God
Argument for the existence of God
revelation—this category of argument falls within the domain of natural theology. A cosmological argument can also be referred to as an argument from universal causation
Cosmological_argument
Philosophical argument that asserts an inconsistency with nonbelief and God's existence
The argument from nonbelief is a philosophical argument for the nonexistence of God that asserts an inconsistency between God's existence and a world
Argument_from_nonbelief
Argument for the existence of God
The argument from degrees, also known as the degrees of perfection argument or the henological argument, is an argument for the existence of God first
Argument_from_degree
Standard, doctrine or system of conduct
Morality is a phenomenon among social animals, including humans, through which communities and individuals evaluate actions, character, and social arrangements
Morality
Philosophical view that nothing is morally right or wrong
nothing is morally right or morally wrong and that morality does not exist. Moral nihilism is distinct from moral relativism, which allows for actions to be
Moral_nihilism
Argument for the existence of God
The argument from consciousness is an argument for the existence of God that claims characteristics of human consciousness (such as qualia) cannot be explained
Argument_from_consciousness
1952 theological book by C. S. Lewis
have to record some. The core of the first section centres on an argument from morality, the basis of which is the "law of human nature", a "rule about
Mere_Christianity
Topics referred to by the same term
Kant's rendering of the metaphysical argument from morality. A social structure and transcendent moral code derived from natural law in the philosophy of
Moral_order
1971 essay by Peter Singer
"Famine, Affluence, and Morality" is an essay written by Peter Singer in 1971 and published in Philosophy & Public Affairs in 1972. It argues that affluent
Famine, Affluence, and Morality
Famine,_Affluence,_and_Morality
Belief that a deity is not wholly good and is possibly evil
imagery that includes cannibalism and sadomasochism. Religion portal Argument from morality Atenism The Bible and violence Comparative religion Conceptions
Dystheism
Contention that omniscience is incompatible with free will
The argument from free will, also called the paradox of free will or theological fatalism, contends that omniscience and free will are incompatible and
Argument_from_free_will
Argument for the existence of God
argument is a deductive philosophical argument, made from an ontological basis, that is advanced in support of the existence of God. Such arguments tend
Ontological_argument
Philosophical question
malevolent. Is he both able and willing? whence then is evil?" The logical argument from evil is as follows: P1. If an omnipotent, omnibenevolent and omniscient
Problem_of_evil
2006 book by Francis Collins
conversion. Another section of The Language of God focuses on the argument from morality. Moral Law is very important to Collins: "After twenty-eight years
The_Language_of_God
God conceived as the source of ethics and morality
respectively regard as the only true God. Religion portal Society portal Argument from morality Atenism Baháʼí Faith and the unity of religion Baháʼí moral teachings
Ethical_monotheism
East portal Ancient Canaanite religion Ancient Semitic religion Argument from morality Atenism Comparative religion Conceptions of God Creationism Demiurge
God_in_Abrahamic_religions
Type of argument
of semantic arguments such as: no true Scotsman arguments, arguments from verbal classification, arguments from definition or arguments to definition
Semantic_argument
Argument against assuming the existence of God
The argument from poor design, also known as the dysteleological argument, is an argument against the assumption of the existence of a creator God, based
Argument_from_poor_design
Hypothetical situation
be an abstract hypothetical that is meant to test our intuitions about morality or other fundamental questions of philosophy. Thought experiments were
Thought_experiment
Aspect of philosophy
Secular morality is the aspect of philosophy that deals with morality outside of religious traditions. Modern examples include humanism, freethinking
Secular_morality
Philosophical argument for animal rights
The argument from marginal cases (also known as the argument from species overlap) is a philosophical argument within animal rights theory regarding the
Argument_from_marginal_cases
Philosophical argument for the existence of God
argument is a modern formulation of the cosmological argument for the existence of God, named after the Kalam—or medieval Islamic scholasticism—from which
Kalam_cosmological_argument
Accepted behaviour and norms in the Victorian era
Victorian morality is a distillation of the moral views of the middle class in 19th-century Britain, the Victorian era. Victorian values emerged in all
Victorian_morality
English analytic and evidentialist philosopher (1923–2010)
persuaded by Lewis' argument from morality as found in Mere Christianity (1952). Flew also criticised several of the other philosophical arguments for God's existence
Antony_Flew
Quote by philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche
representing Christian morality and its metaphysical worldview that, for centuries, provided Europe with its foundation for morality, meaning, and value
God_is_dead
American philosopher
Transformation, Oxford University Press, 2011 Good God: The Theistic Foundations of Morality, with David Baggett, Oxford University Press, 2011 God and Cosmos: Moral
Jerry_Walls
Metaphysical thesis
popular argument of this kind is the so-called knowledge argument as formulated by Frank Cameron Jackson, titled "Mary's room". The argument asks us to
Physicalism
Type of informal fallacy
motte-and-bailey castle), also called the castle and courtyard, is a form of argument and an informal fallacy where an arguer conflates two positions that share
Motte-and-bailey_fallacy
Absence of belief in the existence of deities; the opposite of theism
the gods in determining right from wrong is either unnecessary or arbitrary. The argument that morality must be derived from God, and cannot exist without
Atheism
School of philosophical thought
Alston, Michael C. Rea, and Michael Bergmann. The argument from a proper basis is an ontological argument for the existence of God related to fideism. Alvin
Reformed_epistemology
Philosophical argument against moral realism
principles of ethics and morality that we have devised are invalid and cannot be considered objective knowledge. Proponents of such arguments argue that they refute
Evolutionary_debunking
Debate on circumstances permitting abortion of fetus
that arguments from uncertainty fail because the mere fact that one might be mistaken in finding certain arguments persuasive (for example, arguments for
Abortion_debate
Spanish theologian
mind-body dualism and of Immanuel Kant's argument from morality. Vásquez argued for a number of opinions differing from the mainstream scholastic views. These
Gabriel_Vásquez
Philosophical view that consiousness and the body are fundamentally different
have developed an argument for dualism dubbed the "argument from reason". They credit C. S. Lewis with first bringing the argument to light in his book
Mind–body_dualism
Nietzsche's critique of free will informed his wider argument against Judeo-Christian morality and religious guilt. Nietzsche's views on freedom were
Friedrich Nietzsche and free will
Friedrich_Nietzsche_and_free_will
2010 book by Sam Harris
usefully define morality using facts about people's well-being. His arguments acknowledge that problems with this scientific definition of morality seem to be
The_Moral_Landscape
1887 book by Friedrich Nietzsche
lines of argument derived from genealogy in his book Truth and Truthfulness (2002). Daniel Dennett wrote that On The Genealogy of Morality is "one of
On_the_Genealogy_of_Morality
Forms of ethical naturalism
Science of morality (also known as scientific morality or science of ethics or scientific ethics) may refer to various forms of ethical naturalism grounding
Science_of_morality
Philosophical argument
answer cannot be derived from the meaning of the terms alone. The open-question argument claims that any attempt to identify morality with some set of observable
Open-question_argument
Argument against surveillance
The "nothing to hide" argument is a logical fallacy which states that an individual has no reason to fear or oppose surveillance or breach of privacy,
Nothing_to_hide_argument
Argument that leads to a logical absurdity
argumentum ad absurdum (Latin for "argument to absurdity"), apagogical argument, or proof by contradiction, is the form of argument that attempts to establish
Reductio_ad_absurdum
1958 exchange published in the Harvard Law Review
law. Following the two essays, Fuller presented his argument more fully in his book, The Morality of Law, with a story about an imaginary king named Rex
Hart–Fuller_debate
1840 German-language essay by Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer's major works in ethics, in which he argues that morality stems from compassion. Schopenhauer begins with a criticism of Kant's Groundwork
On_the_Basis_of_Morality
Australian Christian academic, film producer and author (born 1965)
molecule in the Fine-tuned universe, design, the Argument from Consciousness, the Argument from morality, DNA, the Problem of Evil, Old Testament Messianic
Grenville_Kent
Attacking the person rather than their argument
Ad hominem, short for argumentum ad hominem ('argument directed at the person'), is a rhetorical tactic of attacking the character, motive, or some other
Ad_hominem
British-New Zealand moral philosopher
Mackie's position and arguments have been developed by Joyce in many publications, most notably his 2001 book The Myth of Morality. If a moral error theory
Richard_Joyce_(philosopher)
Philosophical positions
ethical relativism (often reformulated as relativist ethics or relativist morality) is used to describe several philosophical positions concerned with the
Moral_relativism
Philosophy of modern day Spain
source of Descartes's mind-body dualism and of Immanuel Kant's argument from morality. Antonio Pérez Valiende de Navas was one of the most important Spanish
Spanish_philosophy
Philosophical book by russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin
Kropotkin, published posthumously in 1921. It continues the argument of Mutual Aid, that sociable morality is essential to human survival. It was translated into
Ethics: Origin and Development
Ethics:_Origin_and_Development
Study of correct reasoning
logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure of arguments alone, independent of their topic and content. Informal
Logic
Value judgment that procreation is unethical
(2015). "The Misanthropic Argument for Anti-natalism". In S. Hannan; S. Brennan; R. Vernon (eds.). Permissible Progeny?: The Morality of Procreation and Parenting
Antinatalism
Psychological theory describing the evolution of moral reasoning
beyond the ages studied earlier by Piaget, who also claimed that logic and morality develop through constructive stages. Expanding on Piaget's work, Kohlberg
Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development
Lawrence_Kohlberg's_stages_of_moral_development
American philosopher
On the Theistic Explanation of Morality (Oxford, 2011) God's Own Ethics: Norms of Divine Action and the Argument from Evil (Oxford, 2017) Divine Holiness
Mark_C._Murphy
Christian apologist and author (born 1961)
ministry CrossExamined.org. Turek has co-authored two books (Legislating Morality and I Don't Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist) with Christian philosopher
Frank_Turek
Argument raised against consequentialist ethical theories
consequentialism in "Famine, Affluence, and Morality". Here is the thrust of Singer's argument: "Suffering and death from lack of food, shelter and medical care
Demandingness_objection
Emergence of human moral behavior over the course of human evolution
concept of the evolution of morality refers to the emergence of human moral behavior over the course of human evolution. Morality can be defined as a system
Evolution_of_morality
American philosopher (1912–2004)
Beyleveld published The Dialectical Necessity of Morality, an authoritative reformulation of Gewirth's argument, including a summary of previously published
Alan_Gewirth
American organization
their image "from morality to exploitation", at the same time where the group introduced medicalizing language that "secularized" their arguments. NCOSE's
National Center on Sexual Exploitation
National_Center_on_Sexual_Exploitation
1984 book by Derek Parfit
used as arguments in favor of morality. Conversely, arguments that a self-interest theorist uses against morality could also be used as arguments in support
Reasons_and_Persons
Norms and codes for moral behavior in Islam
In Islam, morality in the sense of "non practical guidelines" or "specific norms or codes of behavior" for good doing (as opposed to ethical theory) are
Morality_in_Islam
Emergence, change, and understanding of morality from infancy through adulthood
understanding of morality from infancy through adulthood. The theory states that morality develops across the lifespan in a variety of ways. Morality is influenced
Moral_development
Ethics textbook
does make some judgements about them through rational argument. The book tells us that morality refers to, at the very least, the effort to guide our
The Elements of Moral Philosophy
The_Elements_of_Moral_Philosophy
Islamic formal argument for the existence of God
Demonstration of the Truthful or Proof of the Veracious, among others) is a formal argument for proving the existence of God introduced by the Islamic philosopher
Proof_of_the_Truthful
1965 book by John Boyd Wilson
Logic and Sexual Morality is a 1965 book by John Boyd Wilson in which the author provides a critique of philosophical arguments about sex. The book was
Logic_and_Sexual_Morality
Philosophical study of morality
taken as an argument against moral realism since moral disagreement is widespread in most fields. Moral relativists reject the idea that morality is an objective
Ethics
1795 book by the Marquis de Sade
dramatic dialogue. Set in a boudoir, the two lead characters make the argument that the only moral system that reinforces the recent political revolution
Philosophy_in_the_Bedroom
1965 book by Ronald Field Atkinson
Sexual Morality is a 1965 book by Ronald Field Atkinson in which the author provides a critique of philosophical arguments about sex. The book was reviewed
Sexual_Morality_(book)
Argument for the belief in God
philosophical argument advanced by Blaise Pascal (1623–1662), a French mathematician, philosopher, physicist, and theologian. This argument posits that
Pascal's_wager
Philosophical tract by Immanuel Kant
necessity of action from respect for law.’ This final proposition serves as the basis of Kant's argument for the supreme principle of morality, the categorical
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals
Groundwork_of_the_Metaphysics_of_Morals
Israeli philosopher
dispositions. He uses two positive arguments for robust realism: one from the impartiality of morality and the other from the deliberative indispensability
David_Enoch_(philosopher)
2019 non-fiction book by Tom Holland
influence of Christianity on the world, focusing on its impact on morality – from its beginnings to the modern day. According to the author, the book
Dominion_(Holland_book)
Israeli philosopher (1939–2022)
on number problems in morality A blog summary of Raz's argument for the sources thesis, part one A blog summary of Raz's argument for the sources thesis
Joseph_Raz
Philosophical argument about metaethics
indispensability argument is an argument for normative realism defended by David Enoch, most prominently in his 2011 book Taking Morality Seriously. The argument states
Deliberative indispensability argument
Deliberative_indispensability_argument
Study of ethical conduct in sexual behavior
ethics (also known as sex ethics or sexual morality) is a branch of philosophy that considers the ethics or morality of human sexual behavior. Sexual ethics
Sexual_ethics
Moral behaviours of man-made machines
Machine ethics (or machine morality, computational morality, or computational ethics) is a part of the ethics of artificial intelligence concerned with
Machine_ethics
Philosophical worldview rejecting anything supernatural
have developed an argument for dualism dubbed the "argument from reason". They credit C.S. Lewis with first bringing the argument to light in his book
Metaphysical_naturalism
2006 book by Richard Dawkins
possibility of morality existing independently of religion and proposes alternative explanations for the origins of both religion and morality. In early December
The_God_Delusion
Theory of base morals
Dutch primatologist Frans de Waal to label the Hobbesian view of human morality that he criticizes throughout his work. Although he criticizes this view
Veneer_theory
American philosopher
the Agent’s Final End: Hegel’s Reformulation of Kant’s Argument for the Rationality of Morality in philosophy. In the meantime, Wallace translated Hans
Robert M. Wallace (philosopher)
Robert_M._Wallace_(philosopher)
Meta-ethical theory of morality
God and Morality — a defence of the Divine Command theory. Moral Argument and Divine Command Theory — links to relevant on-line resources from Internet
Divine_command_theory
English food writer and TV cook (born 1960)
and have always remained so. But at no time was I led to believe that morality was unimportant or that good and bad did not exist. I believe passionately
Nigella_Lawson
English philosopher (1922–2009)
analyzing rhetorical arguments. The Toulmin model of argumentation, a diagram containing six interrelated components used for analyzing arguments, and published
Stephen_Toulmin
Meta-ethical view
subject of significant criticism, most notably G. E. Moore's open-question argument, which challenges the claim that moral properties can be fully defined
Ethical_naturalism
American philosopher of law (1902–1978)
his widely discussed 1964 book The Morality of Law, Fuller argues that all systems of law contain an "internal morality" that imposes on individuals a presumptive
Lon_L._Fuller
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
appealing to the physical consequences of letting N differ from 3 and T differ from 1. The argument is often of an anthropic character and possibly the first
Anthropic_principle
Ethical problem on the origin of morality posed by Socrates
foundations of morality. Nontheists have capitalized on this point, largely as a way of disarming moral arguments for God's existence: if morality does not
Euthyphro_dilemma
1908 article by Sigmund Freud
"Civilized" Sexual Morality and Modern Nervous Illness (German: Die „kulturelle“ Sexualmoral und die moderne Nervösität) is an article published by Sigmund
"Civilized" Sexual Morality and Modern Nervous Illness
"Civilized"_Sexual_Morality_and_Modern_Nervous_Illness
japbyeon constitute a full inventory of the various arguments made by Confucians and Neo-Confucians from the time of the introduction of Buddhism into East
Bulssi_Japbyeon
Ethical theory
Skeptical Arguments from Disagreement and Queerness," Australasian Journal of Philosophy 62 (1984) Joyce, Richard (2001). The Myth of Morality, Cambridge
Moral_skepticism
Food ethics topic
fruits. There are also environmentalist arguments in favor of the morality of eating meat. One such line of argument holds that sentience and individual welfare
Ethics_of_eating_meat
American philosopher and theologian (born 1949)
Morality". Religious Studies. 48 (1): 15–34. doi:10.1017/S0034412510000740. ISSN 1469-901X. Morriston, Wes (2013). "Doubts About the Kalam Argument"
William_Lane_Craig
Hormuz and Kharg Island from Iran. Asked: Are there limits on your global power? Yeah, there is one thing. My own morality. My own mind. It's the
2026_United_States_elections
Practice of making moral judgments about political action and political agents
their own perceived definition of morality. The concept of morality itself derives from several moral foundations. Morality, seen through the lens of these
Political_ethics
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ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
ARGUMENT FROM-MORALITY
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