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Lack of progress by a person or group
Look up backwardness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Backwardness is a lack of progress by a person or group to some perceived cultural norm of advancement
Backwardness
Soviet political term
Cultural backwardness (Russian: культурная отсталость, romanized: kul'turnaya otstalost') was a term used by Soviet politicians and ethnographers. There
Cultural_backwardness
Term for socially or educationally disadvantaged group of people in India
quotas, emphasized the concept of "social backwardness", and prescribed 11 indicators to ascertain backwardness. The nine-judge Bench judgement also established
Other_Backward_Class
1888 Utopian novel by Edward Bellamy
Looking Backward: 2000–1887 is a utopian time travel science fiction novel by the American journalist and writer Edward Bellamy first published in 1888
Looking_Backward
Theory of economic development
The backward advantage (simplified Chinese: 后发优势; traditional Chinese: 後發優勢), or the 'advantage of backwardness', also known as latecomer's advantage
Backward_advantage
Derogatory comment
Backwardism is a derogatory comment intended to brand an ideology as stained by backwardness. While the term has been applied to literature, politics and
Backwardism
Educational design method
Backward design is a method of designing an educational curriculum by setting goals before choosing instructional methods and forms of assessment. It shifts
Backward_design
Method of forming inferences
Backward chaining (or backward reasoning) is an inference method described colloquially as working backward from the goal. It is used in automated theorem
Backward_chaining
from its two predecessor consoles, Xbox and Xbox 360. On June 15, 2015, backward compatibility with Xbox 360 games became available to eligible Xbox Preview
List of backward-compatible games for Xbox One and Series X/S
List_of_backward-compatible_games_for_Xbox_One_and_Series_X/S
Situation when futures prices are below the expected spot price at maturity
Normal backwardation, also sometimes called backwardation, is the market condition where the price of a commodity's forward or futures contract is trading
Normal_backwardation
Technological ability to interact with older technologies
In telecommunications and computing, backward compatibility (or backwards compatibility) is a property of an operating system, software, real-world product
Backward_compatibility
play select games from its predecessor, Xbox. The Xbox 360 launched with backward compatibility with the number of supported Xbox games varying depending
List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360
List_of_Xbox_games_compatible_with_Xbox_360
The trait of backward speech is described as an ability to spontaneously and accurately reverse words. Two strategies of word reversal were reported: reversal
Backward_speech
SHETH P T COLLEGE STUDENT
technological backwardness. It is a slogan used by the Chinese government to "guide" Chinese people to understand the modern Chinese history. "Backwardness brings
Backwardness brings on beatings by others
Backwardness_brings_on_beatings_by_others
Process of reasoning backwards in sequence
Backward induction is the process of determining a sequence of optimal choices by reasoning from the endpoint of a problem or situation back to its beginning
Backward_induction
Locomotive phenomenon
Backward flying, also known as reverse flying, is a locomotive phenomenon where the object flies in the opposite of its intended flight direction. In nature
Backward_flying
1991 film by Adam Rifkin
The Dark Backward (also known as The Man with Three Arms) is a 1991 American black comedy film written and directed by Adam Rifkin. It stars Judd Nelson
The_Dark_Backward
Topics referred to by the same term
with Backward All pages with titles containing Backwards All pages with titles containing Backward All pages with titles containing Backwardness "Sdrawkcab"
Backwards
Typographical mark (\)
The backslash \ is a typographical mark used mainly in computing and mathematics. It is the mirror image of the common slash ('solidus'), /. It is a relatively
Backslash
Concept in economics
The backward disadvantage (simplified Chinese: 后发劣势; traditional Chinese: 後發劣勢), or the disadvantage of backwardness, also known as latecomer's disadvantage
Backward_disadvantage
Numerical method for ordinary differential equations
In numerical analysis and scientific computing, the backward Euler method (or implicit Euler method) is one of the most basic numerical methods for the
Backward_Euler_method
Backward recording technique
Backmasking is a recording technique in which a message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward. It is a deliberate process
Backmasking
Inference algorithm for hidden Markov models
The forward–backward algorithm is an inference algorithm for hidden Markov models which computes the posterior marginals of all hidden state variables
Forward–backward_algorithm
Concept in psychoacoustics
Backward masking is a perceptual phenomenon in which a briefly presented stimulus (the "target") becomes difficult or impossible to consciously perceive
Backward_masking
Clinical event in dogs and cats
Reverse sneezing, also known as inspiratory paroxysmal respiration, is a clinical event that occurs in dogs and cats. It is possibly caused by a muscle
Reverse_sneezing
Government ministry of India
marginalised sections of society, including scheduled castes (SC), Other Backward Classes (OBC), LGBT people, the disabled, the elderly, and the victims
Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Ministry_of_Social_Justice_and_Empowerment
Social classification practised in India
designation of Scheduled Castes, and certain economically backward castes as Other Backward Class. Some, such as sociologist Arvind Shah, have argued
Caste_system_in_India
Indian politician
Kumar is an Indian politician serving as the Minister for Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities Welfare in the Government
V._Sampath_Kumar
Aspect of learning procedure
food is the US. The light becomes the CS2 once it is paired with the CS1. Backward conditioning occurs when a CS immediately follows a US. Unlike the usual
Classical_conditioning
Chess pawn that cannot be safely advanced
In chess, a backward pawn is a pawn that is behind all pawns of the same color on the adjacent files and cannot be safely advanced. In the diagram, the
Backward_pawn
Act of running in reverse
Backward running, also known as backwards running, running backwards, reverse running, retro running, or retro locomotion is the act of running in reverse
Backward_running
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
the economy struggled due to its centralized nature, technological backwardness, and inefficiencies. The vast military expenditures and burdens of maintaining
Soviet_Union
American economic historian (1904–1978)
backwardness in historical perspective. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 50. "Gerschenkron's Theory of Economic Backwardness"
Alexander_Gerschenkron
1953 commission of Kaka Kalelkar
social backwardness of a class to its low position in the traditional caste hierarchy of Hindu society, Treating all women as a class as ‘backward’; Reservation
Kalelkar_Commission
In experimental psychology, backward inhibition, is a theory of sequential task control asserting that switching between tasks requires the just-completed
Backward_inhibition
Numerical method for solving ordinary differential equations
The backward differentiation formula (BDF) is a family of implicit methods for the numerical integration of ordinary differential equations. They are linear
Backward differentiation formula
Backward_differentiation_formula
Topics referred to by the same term
the free dictionary. Forward is a relative direction, the opposite of backward. Forward may also refer to: Forward (surname) Forward (association football)
Forward
Indian state government
Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Minister of Vimukta Jati Minister of Nomadic Tribes Minister of Special Backward Classes Welfare Minister of
Government_of_Maharashtra
Economical class in India
staying within the 50% cap set by the apex court. Conversely, leaders of Backward Classes welfare groups also approached the Supreme Court, opposing reservations
Economically_Weaker_Section
Indian public interest litigation case
The constitution recognized social and educational backwardness, but not economic backwardness. The court upheld separate reservation for OBC in Central
Indra Sawhney and Others v. Union of India
Indra_Sawhney_and_Others_v._Union_of_India
circuit a backward channel is the channel that passes data in a direction opposite to that of its associated forward channel. The backward channel is
Backward_channel
to the act of walking with the face looking forward while the legs step backward. Retro-walking was recorded in China as early as the 5th century BC in
Retro-walking
Acrobatic exercise
A somersault (also flip, heli, and in gymnastics salto) is an acrobatic exercise in which a person's body rotates 360° around a horizontal axis with the
Somersault
Specialized body of Government of India
recognised only social and educational – and not economic – backwardness. The number of backward castes in Central list of OBCs has now increased to 5,013+
National Commission for Backward Classes
National_Commission_for_Backward_Classes
In semiconductor devices, a backward diode (also called back diode) is a variation on a Zener diode or tunnel diode having a better conduction for small
Backward_diode
Government department of Tamil Nadu state, India
The Department of Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare is one of the departments of Government of Tamil Nadu. The department
Department of Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare (Tamil Nadu)
Department_of_Backward_Classes,_Most_Backward_Classes_and_Minorities_Welfare_(Tamil_Nadu)
Form of affirmative action
quotas, emphasised the concept of "social backwardness", and prescribed 11 indicators to ascertain backwardness. The judgement also established the concept
Reservation_in_India
1881 short story by Edward Page Mitchell
"The Clock That Went Backward" is an 1881 fantasy short story by American writer Edward Page Mitchell. The narrator recalls his visiting his great-aunt
The_Clock_that_Went_Backward
Indian surname
Saini is also a community of Punjab, included in state's list of Other Backward Class from 2016 onwards. In Haryana term Saini is considered synonymous
Saini_(surname)
Indian commission to identify socially and educationally backward ethnic groups
quotas and emphasized the concept of "social backwardness", and prescribed 11 indicators to ascertain backwardness. Also, the bench held that creamy layer
Mandal_Commission
1958–1962 Chinese socioeconomic campaign
Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-42271-6. Chen, Lingchei Letty (2020). The Great Leap Backward: Forgetting and Representing the Mao Years. Amherst, NY: Cambria. ISBN 9781604979923
Great_Leap_Forward
Varied tribal groups in the Indian subcontinent
isolation, (iv) shyness of contact with the community at large, and (v) backwardness. Population complexities, and the controversies surrounding ethnicity
Adivasi
Term used in Indian politics
categorised as "socially and educationally backward" regardless of their social/educational backwardness. The 'creamy layer' categorisation was meant
Creamy_layer
1981 studio album by the Tubes
The Completion Backward Principle is the fifth studio album by the American rock band the Tubes. It is the group's first for Capitol Records. It was accompanied
The Completion Backward Principle
The_Completion_Backward_Principle
2014 Canadian film
The Backward Class is a 2014 Canadian documentary film directed by Madeleine Grant. The film follows the success of a group of ethnically disadvantaged
The_Backward_Class
Equations characterizing continuous-time Markov processes
the Kolmogorov forward equation for jump processes, and two Kolmogorov backward equations for processes with and without discontinuous jumps. Writing in
Kolmogorov_equations
Relative coordinate axes
person's body or a road sign. The most common ones are: left and right; backward (or posterior) and forward (or anterior); down (or inferior) and up (or
Body-relative_direction
Semen discharge from the male reproductive tract
ejaculation that is painful or uncomfortable. Retrograde ejaculation is the backward flow of semen from the urethra into the bladder. Premature ejaculation
Ejaculation
Folds of skin that contain and protect the vulva's other parts
labia, are two prominent longitudinal skin folds that extend downward and backward from the mons pubis to the perineum. Together with the labia minora, they
Labia_majora
Home video game console by Sony
Other features include the DualSense controller with haptic feedback, backward compatibility with the majority of PlayStation 4 and PlayStation VR games
PlayStation_5
Indian government term for non-disadvantaged castes
reservation benefits are listed as Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Class and Economically Weaker Section. They can avail defined quotas amongst
Forward_caste
Part of the aorta
the aorta between the ascending and descending aorta. The arch travels backward, so that it ultimately runs to the left of the trachea. The aorta begins
Aortic_arch
2013 Turkish film
Backward Run (Turkish: Tornistan: Bir Ayçe Kartal filmi) is a 2013 Turkish animated short film written and directed by Ayçe Kartal. The film satirizes
Backward_Run
communities in India (OBCs) that are recognised in India's Constitution as Other Backward Class, a term used to classify socially and educationally disadvantaged
List of Muslim Other Backward Classes communities in India
List_of_Muslim_Other_Backward_Classes_communities_in_India
Language-teaching technique
faulty and hesitant imitation responses from the learners, back-chaining (backward build up) should be used. Here is an example taken from Butzkamm & Caldwell:
Back-chaining
Turntablism technique
station. The older, larger and heavier turntables needed a 180-degree backward rotation to allow for run up to full speed; some of the newer 1950s models
Scratching
Ethnic group in western India
while in the other 44 districts of the state they are categorised as Other Backward Classes. In Rajasthan, the Meena caste members oppose the entry of Gurjars
Meena
Symbol representing the word "and" (&)
these are carryovers from the Wingdings fonts, and are meant only for backward compatibility with those fonts. On the QWERTY keyboard layout, the ampersand
Ampersand
Social group
The Upper Backward Caste is a term used to describe the middle castes in Bihar, whose social and ritual status was not very low and which have traditionally
Upper Backward Castes of Bihar
Upper_Backward_Castes_of_Bihar
Technical standard in computing
specification. The USB4 standard mandates "functionality backward compatibility" to USB 3.x and dedicated backward compatibility with USB 2.0. The dynamic sharing
USB4
2017 live album by Paul Rutherford
In Backward Times is a live album by trombonist Paul Rutherford. Drawn from archival tapes, it was recorded in 1979, 1988, 2004, and 2007, in Milano, London
In_Backward_Times
Type of short pass in football
In gridiron football, a lateral pass or lateral (officially backward pass in American football and onside pass in Canadian football), also called a pitch
Lateral_pass
Coefficient used in numerical approximation
the finite difference. A finite difference can be central, forward or backward. This table contains the coefficients of the central differences, for several
Finite_difference_coefficient
General-purpose programming language
Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision and not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Beginning with Python 3.5, capabilities
Python_(programming_language)
Indian Muslim activist organization
Dalit Muslims (Arzals) and backward-caste Muslims (Ajlafs). The organization represents the union of several Dalit and backward-caste Muslim organisations
Pasmanda_Muslim_Mahaz
Backward invention is a product strategy in international marketing in which an existing product may have to be re-engineered or dumbed down by the company
Backward_invention
Economic graphical device
In economics, a backward-bending supply curve of labour, or backward-bending labour supply curve, is a graphical device showing a situation in which as
Backward bending supply curve of labour
Backward_bending_supply_curve_of_labour
Study of kind and quantity of error
numerical analysis, error analysis comprises both forward error analysis and backward error analysis. Forward error analysis involves the analysis of a function
Error_analysis_(mathematics)
Indian political party
referring to the country's Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes (OBC), along with minorities. According to Kanshi Ram, when he
Bahujan_Samaj_Party
Sound effect
Guitar with reverse reverb A clean guitar sample, followed by a version with a reverse reverb effect Problems playing this file? See media help. Reverse
Reverse_echo
technology. It will also analyze the risks of any Russian technological backwardness and technological dependence on other powers. In June 2012, President
Russian Foundation for Advanced Research Projects in the Defense Industry
Russian_Foundation_for_Advanced_Research_Projects_in_the_Defense_Industry
for targeted interventions to address SEBCs' educational and economic backwardness, as evidenced by their low representation in higher education and government
2023 Odisha Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Survey
2023_Odisha_Socially_and_Educationally_Backward_Classes_Survey
1958 book by Edward C. Banfield
group at the expense of the other ones. Banfield postulated that the backwardness of such a society could be explained "largely but not entirely" by "the
The Moral Basis of a Backward Society
The_Moral_Basis_of_a_Backward_Society
Indian politician
Assembly. He served as Tamil Nadu's Minister for the Welfare of Backward, Most Backward and Denotified Communities (2021-22) and Minister for Transport
S._S._Sivasankar
Indian government program to address regional economic imbalances
The Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) is an Indian government program designed to "address regional imbalances in development." The programme was launched
Backward_Regions_Grant_Fund
Caste in India
pronounced Dhea, Daiya and Dheya, are a caste in India, who have the Other Backward Class status in Haryana. Community myths refer to their descent from two
Deha
Occupational community of barbers in India
instead of Nai.[citation needed] The Nai caste is classified as an Other Backward Class in most of the state in India. These include Andhra Pradesh, Assam
Nai_(caste)
Discrete analog of a derivative
of infinitesimals. Three basic types are commonly considered: forward, backward, and central finite differences. A forward difference, denoted Δ h [ f
Finite_difference
2002 French film
and we said no." Noé then pivoted and suggested a "rape-revenge movie backward," and they agreed. Cassel ended up as a co-producer on the film and stated
Irréversible
Spanish lawyer, economist and historian
self-educated and campaigned to end what he considered to be Spanish backwardness. He desired to start a movement that would force politicians to embark
Joaquín_Costa
Mathematical technique in physics
aspects of quantum mechanics, may allow particles or information to travel backward in time. Logical objections to macroscopic time travel may not necessarily
Retrocausality
Hypothetical travel into the past or future
compared to another body is not feasible with current technology. As for backward time travel, it is possible to find solutions in general relativity that
Time_travel
High dynamic range standard that was jointly developed by the BBC and NHK
developed by the BBC and NHK for high dynamic range (HDR) display. It is backward compatible with the transfer function of SDR (the gamma curve). It was
Hybrid_log–gamma
to the attention of their union or professional collectives, and the 'backwardness and obstinancy' of the specific believers were presented in public meetings
Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union
Persecution_of_Christians_in_the_Soviet_Union
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
models, the forward process adds noise, and the backward process removes noise. Both the forward and backward processes are SDEs, though the forward process
Diffusion_model
Hybrid video game console
and the best-selling Nintendo console. The Nintendo Switch 2, which is backward compatible with most Switch games, was released on June 5, 2025. While
Nintendo_Switch
Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796
change the hearts and minds of the Russian people and turn them away from backwardness. This meant developing individuals both intellectually and morally, providing
Catherine_the_Great
Notion that species can revert to primitive forms
Devolution, de-evolution, or backward evolution (not to be confused with dysgenics) is the notion that species can revert to supposedly more primitive
Devolution_(biology)
Computing joint values of a kinematic chain from a known end position
heuristic algorithms are cyclic coordinate descent (CCD) and forward and backward reaching inverse kinematics (FABRIK). Physics portal 321 kinematic structure
Inverse_kinematics
Economic growth strategy
dependency burdens, high unemployment and underemployment, technological backwardness. Additionally, they exhibit 'dualism', the existence of both traditional
Strategy_of_unbalanced_growth
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
Boy/Male
Tamil
Harakodhandarama | ஹராகோதாநà¯à®¤à®¾à®°à®®à®¾à®‚
Armed with the curved kodhanda bow
Boy/Male
English American
Beloved.
Boy/Male
Arabic
First Born; Eldest
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, British, English
From the Ram's Valley
Boy/Male
Indian
Sun; World
Male
Gypsy/Romani
Albanian name BESNIK means "faithful; loyal." In use by the Romani.
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Goddess Laxmi
Boy/Male
British, English, French
Vine Hall
Girl/Female
Muslim
Fresh air
Boy/Male
Biblical
The Lord my king; or my counselor.
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
BACKWARDNESS
n.
Restraint of freedom in words or actions; backwardness; caution in personal behavior.
n.
The state of being backward.
adv. & a.
In a state of backwardness, in respect to what is seasonable or appropriate, or as to what should have been accomplished; not equally forward with some other person or thing; dilatory; backward; late; tardy; as, behindhand in studies or in work.