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Historical region in Central Asia
Bactria (/ˈbæktriə/; Bactrian: βαχλο, Bakhlo), or Bactriana, was an ancient Iranian civilization in Central Asia, located in the area south of the Oxus
Bactria
Hellenistic-era Greek kingdom (256–100 BCE)
Βασιλεία τῆς Βακτριανῆς, romanized: Basileía tês Baktrianês, lit. 'Kingdom of Bactria') was a Greek kingdom during the Hellenistic period located in Central
Greco-Bactrian_Kingdom
c. 2250–1700 BC Central Asian archaeological culture
The Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC) is the modern archaeological designation for a particular Middle Bronze Age civilisation of southern
Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex
Bactria–Margiana_Archaeological_Complex
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Bactria in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Bactria was an ancient region of Central Asia centred on the city of Balk (Bactra) in present-day
Bactria_(disambiguation)
200 BC–10 AD Greek kingdom in South Asia
was founded when the Graeco-Bactrian king Demetrius I of Bactria invaded India from Bactria in about 200 BC. The Greeks to the east of the Seleucid Empire
Indo-Greek_Kingdom
Ancient people mentioned in Chinese histories
Valley by the Wusun and migrated southward to Sogdia and later settled in Bactria. The Greater Yuezhi have consequently often been identified with peoples
Yuezhi
30–375 CE empire in Central and South Asia
migrated from northwestern China (Xinjiang and Gansu) and settled in ancient Bactria. The founder of the dynasty, Kujula Kadphises, followed Iranian and Greek
Kushan_Empire
2nd-century BC Greco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek king
Greco-Bactrian king and the founder of the Indo-Greek kingdom, who ruled areas from Bactria to ancient northwestern India. He was the son of the Greco-Bactrian ruler
Demetrius_I_of_Bactria
First Greek king of Bactria
BC – c. 235 BC) was the first Hellenistic king of Bactria. Diodotus was initially satrap of Bactria, but became independent of the Seleucid empire around
Diodotus_I
Territory of the Achaemenid Empire
Bactria (satrapy) Bactria (Old Persian: 𐎲𐎠𐎧𐎫𐎼𐎡𐏁 Bāxtriš) was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire. It was conquered between 545–540 BC by Cyrus the
Bactria_(satrapy)
Greco-Bactrian king from 172/171 BC to 145 BC
prosperity. His immediate successors were the last Greek kings to rule in Bactria. Eucratides was born around 210–205 BC, the son of Heliocles and Laodice
Eucratides_I
Extinct Eastern Iranian language of Asia
Eastern Iranian language formerly spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria (some regions of present-day Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan) and
Bactrian_language
Sogdian or Bactrian princess who married Alexander the Great
Roxana was the daughter of the Bactrian nobleman Oxyartes, satrap of Bactria and Sogdia. He served Bessus, and thus was probably involved in the murder
Roxana
Species of flowering plant
Bactria ovczinnikovii is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae. It is the sole species in genus Bactria. It is a subshrub endemic to
Bactria_ovczinnikovii
Cultural syncretism in Central and South Asia in antiquity
several cities in his new territories in the areas of the Amu Darya and Bactria, and Greek settlements further extended to the Khyber Pass, Gandhara (see
Greco-Buddhism
Indo-Greek king
and advancing left. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Agathocles of Bactria. Indo-Greek Kingdom Greco-Buddhism Indo-Scythians The precise spans of
Agathocles_of_Bactria
Country in Central and South Asia
Achaemenids overthrew the Medes and incorporated Arachosia, Aria, and Bactria within its eastern boundaries. An inscription on the tombstone of Darius
Afghanistan
Chinese exonym for a Central Asian state
of the Daxia" or Greco-Bactrians, a Hellenistic kingdom that was ruling Bactria at that time in today's northern Afghanistan. It is very likely that the
Dayuan
Calendar year
Year 135 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Flaccus and Piso (or, less frequently
135_BC
Historical region in modern Turkmenistan
oasis of Merv and was a minor satrapy within the Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, and a province within its successors, the Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian
Margiana
Country in Central Asia
nomads, known as Scythians, who founded kingdoms in Khwarazm, Sogdiana, and Bactria in the 8th–6th centuries BC, as well as in Fergana and Margiana in the
Uzbekistan
Ancient people of Bactria
exonym تخار Tukhār or طخار Ṭukhār [singular]), were an ancient people of Bactria, a historical region in Central Asia roughly corresponding to northern
Tochari
Greco-Bactrian king and founder of the Euthydemid dynasty
ascended the throne of Bactria in 250-230 BC. In an inscription found in the Kuliab area of Tajikistan, northeastern Greco-Bactria, and dated to 200-195
Euthydemus_I
Artistic syncretism between Classical Greece and Buddhist India
coins of the Greco-Bactrian kings of the period, such as Demetrius I of Bactria. Many coins of the Greco-Bactrian kings have been unearthed, including
Greco-Buddhist_art
Achaemenid satrap and pretender to throne (died 329 BC)
summer 329 BC), was a Persian satrap of the eastern Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, as well as the self-proclaimed King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire
Bessus
Genus of flies
species belong to the genus Bactria: Bactria hypoleucochaeta (Bezzi, 1908) c g Bactria rhopalocera (Karsch, 1888) c g Bactria vagator (Wiedemann, 1828)
Bactria_(fly)
Calendar year
Year 170 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Mancinus and Serranus (or, less frequently
170_BC
Turkic ethnic group of Central Asia
5th century, what is today's Uzbekistan was part of Sogdia, Khwarazm, Bactria mainly inhabited by Sogdians, Bactrians, and Khwarazmians, all Indo-Iranian
Uzbeks
Term roughly equivalent to Huna people
that lived in Central Asia, in the historical regions of Transoxiana, Bactria, Tokharistan, Kabul Valley, and Gandhara, overlapping with the modern-day
Iranian_Huns
substratum of languages encountered by Indo-Aryan peoples in Central Asia (Bactria-Marghiana) and within the Indian subcontinent during Indo-Aryan migrations
Substratum_in_Vedic_Sanskrit
Graeco-Bactrian king in c. 200–180 BC
Euthýdēmos) was a Greco-Bactrian king who ruled in Bactria in 185–180 BC. Son of Demetrius I of Bactria, Euthydemus II became king in the 180s BC, either
Euthydemus_II
Series of wars between the Kushan and Sasanian empires
of the Sasanians who conquered much of the Kushan territory including Bactria, Gandhara and Sogdia. The Sassanids, shortly after victory over the declining
Sasanian–Kushan_Wars
Battle of Kanishka the greats conquests in Central Asia
Bactria happened during the greater Kushan conquest of Central Asia, when the Parthian Empire lost major parts of its significant province of Bactria
Kanishka's conquest of Greater Bactria
Kanishka's_conquest_of_Greater_Bactria
Ancient country/region
inhabitants of a location called Bahlika (Sanskrit: बह्लिक, located in Bactria), mentioned in the Atharvaveda, Mahabharata, Ramayana, Puranas, Vartikka
Bahlikas
5th–8th-century nomadic confederation in Central Asia
Tokhara Yabghus took over in 625. The Imperial Hephthalites, based in Bactria, expanded eastwards to the Tarim Basin, westwards to Sogdia and southwards
Hephthalites
Hellenistic dynasty
ruling the far-eastern Kingdom of Bactria. The Diodotids were the first independent Greek kings to rule in Bactria. The origins of Diodotids are unknown
Diodotid_dynasty
Period of eastern Mediterranean history from 323 to 30 BC
and Cybele, and a syncretism between Hellenistic culture and Buddhism in Bactria and Northwest India. Scholars and historians are divided as to which event
Hellenistic_period
Ancient language
recently a group of leather and wooden documents were found in Bactria, known as the Bactria Aramaic documents. The term "Imperial Aramaic" was first coined
Imperial_Aramaic
Ruined Hellenistic city in Afghanistan
elephants; he thus sought the sustained economic and military development of Bactria, which was now the headquarters of the Seleucids in the East. Antiochus
Ai-Khanoum
2nd century Kushan Empire conquest of Central Asia
in the early to mid 2nd century CE. His military offensive focused on Bactria, a region in Central Asia, comprising parts of modern-day Afghanistan,
Kanishka's Central Asian campaign
Kanishka's_Central_Asian_campaign
Ancient Iranian river god
Iranian god regarded as the divine representation of the Amu Darya. In Bactria he was also considered the king of the gods. Multiple different depictions
Oxus_(god)
Greco-Bactrian king
Menander I and southern Bactria to be lost to the Yuezhi. From 130 BC a nomadic people, the Yuezhi, started to invade Bactria from the north and we could
Heliocles_I
Indo-Greek king
that some of Theophilus' coins in fact belong to another ruler, in Greek Bactria, during approximately the same period. While Bopearachchi suggests c. 90
Theophilus_(Indo-Greek)
Breed of horse
may "resemble the animals on the golden medal of Eucratides, King of Bactria (Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris)." The Ferghana horse is also known as
Ferghana_horse
Central Asian historical region between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers
distinguish it from nearby Bactria.[citation needed] The Chinese explorer Zhang Qian, who visited the neighbouring countries of Bactria and Parthia along with
Transoxiana
Basileus
sole king around 235 BC. He prevented Seleucid efforts to reincorporate Bactria back into the empire, by allying with the Parthians against them. He was
Diodotus_II
Species of moth
Glyphipterix bactrias is a species of sedge moth in the genus Glyphipterix. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. It is found in New Zealand. Wikimedia
Glyphipterix_bactrias
Indo-Greek king
Pantaléōn) was a Greek king who reigned some time between 190 and 180 BC in Bactria and India. He was a younger contemporary or successor of the Greco-Bactrian
Pantaleon
Calendar year
Year 128 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Octavius and Rufus (or, less frequently
128_BC
Hellenistic state in West Asia (312–63 BC)
cession of territories conquered by Alexander along the Indus river, east of Bactria. In the early second century BC, Antiochus III the Great attempted to project
Seleucid_Empire
Partially located within the present borders of modern-day Afghanistan, Bactria (2300-1700 BCE) was an ancient Bronze Age Iranian civilization located
Ancient history of Afghanistan
Ancient_history_of_Afghanistan
King of the Seleucid Empire from 222 to 187 BC
Seleucid authority over territory such as central Asia Minor, Parthia and Bactria. Pressing as far as the Kabul valley, he renewed a friendship with the
Antiochus_III_the_Great
Second son of Xerxes I of Persia
ascended the throne. According to Diodorus of Sicily, Hystaspes was satrap of Bactria at the time of his father's death. This claim of Diodorus conflicts with
Hystaspes_(son_of_Xerxes_I)
4th–6th-century Bactrian-speaking nomadic people of Central Asia
were a nomadic people in the Central Asian regions of Transoxiana and Bactria. The Xionites appear to be synonymous with the Huna peoples of classical/medieval
Xionites
Conflicts of Alexander the Great (336–323 BC)
lands east of Bactria. The Siege of the Sogdian Rock, a fortress located north of Bactria in Sogdiana, occurred in 327 BC. Oxyartes of Bactria had sent his
Wars_of_Alexander_the_Great
Bactrian king
God-Manifest") was a Greco-Bactrian king who reigned for a short time in southern Bactria or the Paropamisadae during the mid 2nd century BC. The style of Plato's
Plato_of_Bactria
Sogdian warlord (370–328 BCE)
BC) was a Sogdian warlord and the leader of the uprising in Sogdiana and Bactria against Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, in 329 BC. He has been credited
Spitamenes
King of Kings
now been abandoned. Osmund Bopearachchi has suggested that he ruled in Bactria and Arachosia c. 175–170 BC, but this has been challenged by later authors
Demetrius_II_of_India
Indo-Greek Queen regent
northern India in the 2nd-century BC as regent for her son Strato I. Born in Bactria, likely to a noble family (probably royal) with some authors such as Tarn
Agathoclea
as Bactria from the name of its capital and central city of Bactra. In the Middle Bronze Age, the region was home to what is now known as the Bactria–Margiana
Oxiana
207 BCE siege
Greco-Bactrians at the Battle of the Arius. The Seleucids besieged the capital of Bactria until concerning news from the west of his dominions and lack of progress
Siege_of_Bactra
Crown Prince of Achaemenid Persia (died 465 BC)
younger sisters were Rhodogune and Amytis. In 478 BC, before the revolt at Bactria, Darius was married to his cousin Artaynte at Sardis. She was also the
Darius_(son_of_Xerxes_I)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Bactria or Bactrian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Bactrian may refer to: Bactria, an ancient region in Central Asia, including the modern
Bactrian
000 Zoroastrians were living in Afghanistan. For a long period of time Bactria was a center of Zoroastrianism, and Zoroaster is said to have taught in
Zoroastrianism_in_Afghanistan
Bactrian tribe
The Parsii were a nomadic tribe, in the district of Paropamisadae in Bactria near the Hindu Kush ranges in northern Afghanistan during antiquity. They
Parsii_(tribe)
Branch of Sasanian Persians ruling Bactria (c. 230–365)
the Sasanian Empire in Bactria during the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Sasanian Empire captured the provinces of Sogdia, Bactria and Gandhara from the declining
Kushano-Sasanian_Kingdom
323 BC conference dividing the territories of Alexander the Great
Satrap of Sogdiana, but does not mention Bactria. Justin, however, names Amyntas and Scytheaus as satraps of Bactria and Sogdiana. This is the most problematic
Partition_of_Babylon
King of Parthian Empire, 165–132 BC
result of his conquests. He first conquered Aria, Margiana and western Bactria from the Greco-Bactrians sometime in 163–155 BC, and then waged war with
Mithridates_I_of_Parthia
Vedic ritual drink
word and the related practices were borrowed by the Indo-Aryans from the Bactria–Margiana culture (BMAC). Although the word is only attested in Indo-Iranian
Soma_(drink)
Greco-Bactrian king
relation to the Diodotid dynasty. He was king of an area covering parts of Bactria and probably also Arachosia in southern Afghanistan (see "Coins of Antimachus
Antimachus_I
Script used to write the Aramaic language
characteristics of the Iranian Pahlavi writing system. 30 Aramaic documents from Bactria have been recently discovered, an analysis of which was published in November
Aramaic_alphabet
4th-century BC Persian satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia
and Memnon of Rhodes. Towards the end of his life, he became satrap of Bactria for Alexander the Great. In 362 BC, Artabazos was sent by Artaxerxes II
Artabazos_II
Iranian prophet and spiritual founder of Zoroastrianism
Frye voted for Bactria and Chorasmia; Khlopin suggests the Tedzen Delta in present-day Turkmenistan. Sarianidi considered the Bactria–Margiana Archaeological
Zoroaster
King of Macedonia from 323/2 to 309 BC
of Alexander the Great (Alexander III of Macedon) by his wife Roxana of Bactria, born after his father's death. As his father's only surviving legitimate
Alexander_IV_of_Macedon
Subregion of the Asian continent
the eastern mountains. Khwarezm Ferghana Transoxiana (Sogdia) Zhetysu Bactria Margiana The largest, in the north, is eastern Kazakhstan, traditionally
Central_Asia
4th-century BC Macedonian cavalry officer
and execution of Philotas. In 328 BC, Artabazos resigned his satrapy of Bactria, and Alexander gave it to Cleitus. On the eve of the day on which he was
Cleitus_the_Black
Region in northern Afghanistan
Qizilbashs, Tatars, Tajiks, and Pashtuns. Ancient Balkh or Bactria was an integral part of Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex, and was occupied by Indo-Iranians
Afghan_Turkestan
Iranian religion founded by Zoroaster
were once considered the traditional stronghold of Zoroastrianism, i.e., Bactria (see also Balkh), which is in Northern Afghanistan; Sogdiana; Margiana;
Zoroastrianism
Alexander the Great's siege of Sogdian fortress (327 BC)
The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes, a fortress located north of Bactria in Sogdiana (near Samarkand), ruled by Arimazes, was captured by the forces
Siege_of_the_Sogdian_Rock
Ancient Iranian civilization (6th century BCE – 11th century CE)
language, as it was largely supplanted by New Persian. Sogdiana lay north of Bactria, east of Khwarezm, and southeast of Kangju between the Oxus (Amu Darya)
Sogdia
Indo-Greek king
the Greco-Bactrian king Eucratides I, who had dethroned his father in Bactria. Antimachus II did not strike a portrait on his coins, likely since this
Antimachus_II
Topics referred to by the same term
Daxia, the name given in antiquity by the Chinese to the territory of Bactria plus another place of the same name in Shaanxi, said to be at the northern
Daxia_(disambiguation)
King of Macedon from 336 to 323 BC
and Central Asia, including Media, Parthia, Aria, Drangiana, Arachosia, Bactria, and Scythia. In 329 BC, Spitamenes, who held an undefined position in
Alexander_the_Great
Species of mammal of Asia
domesticated form. Their name comes from the ancient historical region of Bactria. The domesticated Bactrian camel has served as pack animals in inner Asia
Bactrian_camel
Kingdom in early medieval India
identification was repeated by Herbert V. Günther who identifies Oddiyana with Bactria and the surrounding region. Gunther states Oddiyana to be the Sanskritised
Oddiyana
1st-century CE Kushan emperor
Benjamin.) was a Kushan prince who united the Yuezhi confederation in Bactria during the 1st century CE, and became the first Kushan emperor. According
Kujula_Kadphises
The flame palmette is a motif in decorative art which, in its most characteristic expression, resembles the fan-shaped leaves of a palm tree. Flame palmettes
Flame_palmette
Ancient Macedonian city in modern Tajikistan
(186 mi) north of the nearest Greek settlement, at Alexandria on the Oxus in Bactria, the Greeks built a 6.0 km (3.7 mi) wall around the city which, according
Alexandria_Eschate
defeats against the Kidarites which allowed the Kidarites to settle in Bactria by replacing the Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom. The Kidarite King Kidara proclaimed
Sasanian–Kidarite_wars
Historical group of nomadic Iranian peoples
Sintashta and Srubnaya cultures, the Saka were later influenced by the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Culture and Iron-Age East Asian genetic influx
Saka
Early Bronze Age settlement in Turkmenistan
Bronze Age settlement. It is the "capital" or major settlement of the Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC). The site was discovered by Greek-Russian
Gonur_Depe
Calendar year
marry Ptolemy's daughter Berenice Syra. Diodotus I, Seleucid satrap of Bactria, rebels against Antiochus II and becomes the founder of the Greco-Bactrian
255_BC
in large scale penetrated into Bactria and Gandhara. According to a legend written in Pali two merchants from Bactria, Trapusa and Bahalika, hit the road
Buddhism_in_Uzbekistan
370–670 CE nomadic people who invaded India
preceded by the Kidarites and succeeded by the Hephthalites and Nezak Huns in Bactria and the Hindu Kush respectively. The names of the Alchon kings are known
Alchon_Huns
208 BC battle
Seleucids were led by Antiochus III the Great, who launched an invasion of Bactria to recover his ancestor's past dominions. He would go on to be victorious
Battle_of_the_Arius
Nomadic Iranian peoples of Saka and Scythian origin
as the Xiongnu in the second century CE, which had lasting effects on Bactria, Kabul and the Indian subcontinent and Rome and Parthia in the west. Ancient
Indo-Scythian_Kingdom
Early medieval region in southern Central Asia
sources in the early Middle Ages to refer to the area which was known as Bactria in Ancient Greek sources. The name appears before Islam in Bactrian as
Tokharistan
Art of the Kushan Empire
had been flourishing between the 3rd century BCE and 1st century CE in Bactria and northwestern India, and the succeeding Indo-Scythian art. Before invading
Kushan_art
Town in northern Afghanistan
the Greeks as Bactra, giving its name to Bactria. As such, it was famously known as the capital of Bactria or Tokharistan. The Italian explorer and writer
Balkh
Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC
ISBN 978-0-691-08835-8. Holt, Frank L. (1989), Alexander the Great and Bactria: the Formation of a Greek Frontier in Central Asia, Leiden: E. J. Brill
Cleopatra
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
Boy/Male
British, English
God is Gracious
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Sun; Glorious; Brilliant; Skilled
Boy/Male
Tamil
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess Durga
Male
Hungarian
Pet form of Hungarian László, LACI means "rules with glory."
Boy/Male
Indian
Pl of Abid i.e. worshipper
Girl/Female
British, Christian, English, German, Greek, Teutonic
Strong Work; Industrious; Highborn Power; Variant of Melissa; Bee; Strong Worker
Boy/Male
Indian
The subtle one
Girl/Female
American, British, English, Spanish
Little Beloved One; Derived from the Roman Given Name Levinia
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English, Gaelic, Irish
Hill; Variant of Irish; Sanskrit Tara; Rocky Hill; From the Crag of a Tower
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
BACTRIA
a.
Of or pertaining to Bactria in Asia.
n.
The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius), having one hump or protuberance on the back, in distinction from the Bactrian camel, which has two humps.
n.
A large ruminant used in Asia and Africa for carrying burdens and for riding. The camel is remarkable for its ability to go a long time without drinking. Its hoofs are small, and situated at the extremities of the toes, and the weight of the animal rests on the callous. The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) has one bunch on the back, while the Bactrian camel (C. Bactrianus) has two. The llama, alpaca, and vicua, of South America, belong to a related genus (Auchenia).
n.
A native of Bactria.