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System of digitally encoding numbers
In computing and electronic systems, binary-coded decimal (BCD) is a class of binary encodings of decimal numbers where each digit is represented by a
Binary-coded_decimal
Ordering of binary values, used for positioning and error correction
bit (binary digit). For example, the representation of the decimal value "1" in binary would normally be "001", and "2" would be "010". In Gray code, these
Gray_code
Six-bit binary-coded decimal codes
BCD (binary-coded decimal), also called alphanumeric BCD, alphameric BCD, BCD Interchange Code, or BCDIC, is a family of representations of numerals,
BCD_(character_encoding)
Eight-bit character encoding system invented by IBM
Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC; /ˈɛbsɪdɪk/) is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM midrange computer
EBCDIC
Clock that displays the time in a binary format
Gray coded binary, also exist. Most common binary clocks use six columns of LEDs to represent zeros and ones. Each column represents a single decimal digit
Binary_clock
Computer operating on base-10 numbers
A decimal computer is a computer that represents and operates on numbers and addresses in decimal format – instead of binary as is common in most modern
Decimal_computer
Variation to BCD-code where three (11) is added to a binary representation
1937) is a self-complementary binary-coded decimal (BCD) code and numeral system. It is a biased representation. Excess-3 code was used on some older computers
Excess-3
Encoded data represented in binary notation
example, "a" is represented by decimal code 97 which is rendered as bit string 1100001. Binary-coded decimal Binary-coded decimal (BCD) is an encoding of integer
Binary_code
Number expressed in the base-2 numeral system
operation Binary code Binary-coded decimal Binary non positional code Finger binary Gray code IEEE 754 Linear-feedback shift register Offset binary Quibinary
Binary_number
Base-3 numeral system
to binary-coded decimal (BCD) encoding. If the trit values 0, 1 and 2 are encoded 00, 01 and 10, conversion in either direction between binary-coded ternary
Ternary_numeral_system
Complementary binary-coded decimal code
The Aiken code (also known as 2421 code) is a complementary binary-coded decimal (BCD) code. A group of four bits is assigned to the decimal digits from
Aiken_code
Combinational logic circuit
In digital electronics, a binary decoder is a combinational logic circuit that converts binary information from the n coded inputs to a maximum of 2n
Binary_decoder
Numeral encoding scheme
Bi-quinary coded decimal is a numeral encoding scheme used in many abacuses and in some early computers, notably the Colossus. The term bi-quinary indicates
Bi-quinary_coded_decimal
Prefix indicating a power of two
straight binary system internally, whereas 53 utilize the decimal system (primarily binary coded decimal) and 3 systems utilize a binary coded alphanumeric
Binary_prefix
Algorithm to convert binary numbers to BCD
science, the double dabble algorithm is used to convert binary numbers into binary-coded decimal (BCD) notation. It is also known as the shift-and-add-3
Double_dabble
Efficient system of binary encoding for decimal digits used in decimal floating point
decimal digits, known as binary-coded decimal (BCD), uses four bits to encode each digit, resulting in significant wastage of binary data bandwidth (since
Densely_packed_decimal
Set of x86 processor instructions
operate with binary-coded decimal numbers: AAA, DAA, AAS, DAS, AAM, and AAD. Most arithmetic operations on x86 processors use a binary numeral system
Intel_BCD_opcodes
Binary/decimal adjustment flag bit in some computer processors
according to the rules of simple binary addition. For example, adding 2516 and 4816 produces 6D16. However, for binary-coded decimal (BCD) values, where each
Half-carry_flag
Number in base-10 numeral system
Algorism Binary-coded decimal (BCD) Decimal classification Decimal computer Decimal time Decimal representation Decimal section numbering Decimal separator
Decimal
Digital circuit that produces sums from inputs
many number representations, such as binary-coded decimal or excess-3, the most common adders operate on binary numbers. In cases where two's complement
Adder_(electronics)
Computer operation which manipulates invidual bits of data
x := y shl 2; popcount, used in cryptography count leading zeros Binary-coded decimal Bitwise operations are necessary particularly in lower-level programming
Bitwise_operation
Character encodings for Japanese on EBCDIC mainframes
Several mutually incompatible versions of the Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) have been used to represent the Japanese language
Japanese_language_in_EBCDIC
Datum of integral data type
bit patterns are sometimes used, for example binary-coded decimal or Gray code, or as printed character codes such as ASCII. There are four well-known ways
Integer_(computer_science)
Japanese relay-based electromechanical computer
early electromechanical computer built by Fujitsu in 1954 which used binary-coded decimal arithmetic. The design of the later FACOM 128 was influenced by experience
FACOM_100
Unit of digital information, usually 8 bits
System/360 the eight-bit Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC), an expansion of their six-bit binary-coded decimal (BCDIC) representations used
Byte
Computer architecture bit width
decimal math was used, like electronic cash registers, microwave oven timers, and so forth. This is because a 4-bit value holds a single binary-coded
4-bit_computing
Memory-efficient binary encoding of decimal digits
system of binary encoding for decimal digits. The traditional system of binary encoding for decimal digits, known as binary-coded decimal (BCD), uses
Chen–Ho_encoding
Avionics data bus standard
most significant bit first. However, like UART Protocol, Binary-coded decimal numbers and binary numbers in the ARINC 429 data fields are generally transmitted
ARINC_429
Instructions directly executable by a computer
using machine instructions: segment registers protected address mode binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic The criteria for instruction formats include: Instructions
Machine_code
Decimal representation of real numbers in computing
financial information) and binary (base-2) fractions. The advantage of decimal floating-point representation over decimal fixed-point and integer representation
Decimal_floating_point
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Binary-coded decimal, a representation of decimal digits in binary BCD (character encoding), a 6-bit superset of binary-coded decimal derived
BCD
represented. Examples of six-bit binary codes are: International Telegraph Alphabet No. 4 (ITA4) Six-bit BCD (Binary Coded Decimal), used by early mainframe
List_of_binary_codes
Encoding of negative numbers in binary number systems
expressed preference for such modified decimal numbers to reduce errors in computation. Balanced ternary Binary-coded decimal Computer number format Method of
Signed_number_representations
Device storing number of times an event or process occurred
count, encoded directly as a binary or binary-coded decimal (BCD) number or using encodings such as one-hot or Gray code. Most counters have a reset input
Counter_(digital)
ITU-T recommendation
network user addresses (NUAs). It consists of a maximum of fourteen binary-coded decimal digits and is sent over the Packet Layer Protocol (PLP) after the
X.121
Using numbers to represent text characters
Multiplier, it used a variety of binary encoding schemes that were tied to the punch card code. IBM used several binary-coded decimal (BCD) six-bit character encoding
Character_encoding
Computer format for representing real numbers
base b. The most common variants are decimal (base 10) and binary (base 2). The latter is commonly known also as binary scaling. Thus, if n fraction digits
Fixed-point_arithmetic
Computer encoding of characters
adaptations of the punched card code to binary code. IBM applied the terms binary-coded decimal and BCD to the variations of BCD alphamerics used in most early IBM
Six-bit_character_code
payloads of NaNs) can be encoded in two ways, referred to as binary encoding and decimal encoding. Both formats break a number down into a sign bit s
Binary_integer_decimal
Character encoding standard
allow two four-bit patterns to efficiently encode two digits with binary-coded decimal. However, it would require all data transmission to send eight bits
ASCII
Numerical symbol
symbol can be called a decimal mark, decimal marker, or decimal sign. Symbol-specific names are also used; decimal point and decimal comma refer to a dot
Decimal_separator
Topics referred to by the same term
children Binary-coded decimal, a method for encoding for decimal digits in binary sequences Binary star, a star system with two stars in it X-ray binary, a
Binary
Base-8 numeral representation
represent the value of a 3-digit binary number (starting from the right). For example, the binary representation for decimal 74 is 1001010. Two zeroes can
Octal
Base memory unit handled by a computer
as well) use binary-coded decimal rather than plain binary, typically having a word size of 10 or 12 decimal digits, and some early decimal computers have
Word_(computer_architecture)
Entropy encoding
the term "unary coding" in German scientific literature is "BCD-Zählcode", which would translate into "binary-coded decimal counting code". This must not
Unary_coding
Computer approximation for real numbers
finite binary expansion. Decimal floating point, embodied by the "decimal" data type of the C# and Python programming languages, and the decimal formats
Floating-point_arithmetic
Presentation format for numerical data
in character string representation to internal binary storage. In addition to the basic four-decimals format and 32-bit numbers, it also supported intermediate
Dot-decimal_notation
Electronic display device for displaying digits and some letters
the less-common four-segment "7" (). The binary-coded decimal (BCD) 0 to 9 digit values require four binary bits to hold their values. Since four bits
Segment_display
Number of digits of a numeral system
equivalent to 100 (the decimal system is implied in the latter) and represents the number one hundred, while (100)2 (in the binary system with base 2) represents
Radix
Floating-point number format by Microsoft
their spreadsheet Multiplan and their COBOL implementation used binary-coded decimal (BCD) floating point. Even so, for a while MBF became the de facto
Microsoft_Binary_Format
straight binary system internally, whereas 53 utilize the decimal system (primarily binary coded decimal) and 3 systems utilize a binary-coded alphanumeric
Timeline_of_binary_prefixes
Representation of binary data as text
(radix). For example, decimal is a scheme for representing a value as base-10, but it is not a binary-to-text encoding. A binary-to-text encoding could
Binary-to-text_encoding
64-bit computer number format
the binary encoding, the 16-digit significand is represented as a binary coded positive integer, based on binary integer decimal (BID). In the decimal encoding
Decimal64 floating-point format
Decimal64_floating-point_format
internal binary-coded decimal representation via operating system routines. All numbers, even line numbers, have to be converted to binary-coded decimal. It
Atari_Assembler_Editor
Algorithm for computing trigonometric, hyperbolic, logarithmic and exponential functions
Volder at Convair, developed conversion algorithms between binary and binary-coded decimal (BCD). In 1958, Convair finally started to build a demonstration
CORDIC
Numeric codes generated at regular intervals
on the environment, timecode generators can take various forms. Binary-coded decimal Clock synchronization Global Positioning System Jam sync Network
Timecode
8-bit microprocessor from 1975
subtraction in binary or binary-coded decimal. Placing the CPU into BCD mode with the SED (set D flag) instruction results in decimal arithmetic, in which
MOS_Technology_6502
Reference to a specific memory location
single six bit binary-coded decimal digit, consisting of a parity bit, flag bit and four numerical bits. The 1620 used 5-digit decimal addresses, so in theory
Memory_address
IEEE standard for floating-point arithmetic
IEEE 754 standard. The standard defines: arithmetic formats: sets of binary and decimal floating-point data, which consist of finite numbers (including signed
IEEE_754
Instruction set designed to be run by a software interpreter
byte-code distinguished between the machine-specific floating point format to calculate on, and an external (standard) format, which was binary coded decimal
Bytecode
Concise notation for large or small numbers
a mixed representation for binary floating point numbers, where the exponent is displayed as decimal number even in binary mode, so the above becomes
Scientific_notation
American shortwave time signal radio station
broadcasts ended in 1953. A binary-coded decimal time code began testing in 1960, and became permanent in 1961. This "NASA time code" was modulated onto a 1 kHz
WWV_(radio_station)
Telecommunication signaling system
touch-tone frequencies, such as Bell 400-style modems. Telephones portal Binary-coded decimal Cue tone Selective calling Dodd, Annabel, Z. (2012). The essential
DTMF_signaling
Interpreted programming language
still being easier to program than machine code. The language looks like machine code as it uses hexadecimal codes for instructions, but as an interpreter
CHIP-8
Early form of read-only memory
printer the Automatic Message Accounting system, using a variant of binary coded decimal. Later versions, the Centralized Automatic Message Accounting, replaced
Core_rope_memory
Standards to label individual frames with a timecode
represented in 32 bits using binary-coded decimal. There are also drop-frame and color framing flags and three extra binary group flag bits used for defining
SMPTE_timecode
Device used for calculations
Most pocket calculators do all their calculations in binary-coded decimal (BCD) rather than binary. BCD is common in electronic systems where a numeric
Calculator
Topics referred to by the same term
adjust after addition, one of the Intel BCD opcodes for working with binary-coded decimal on x86 .aaa, the American Automobile Association's top-level Internet
AAA
Computer data measurements and scales
multiples of the bit and byte with decimal scaling, or using historically common usages of a few multiplier prefixes in a binary interpretation which has been
Orders_of_magnitude_(data)
Computer bugs related to the year 2000
of problems was confusion between hexadecimal number encoding and binary-coded decimal encodings of numbers. Both hexadecimal and BCD encode the numbers
Year_2000_problem
Barcode symbology
The MSI bar code represents only digits 0–9; it does not support letters or symbols. Each digit is converted to 4 binary-coded decimal bits. Then a 1
MSI_Barcode
American longwave time signal radio station
time code format has changed only slightly since 1965; it sends a decimal time code, using four binary bits to send each digit in binary-coded decimal (BCD)
WWVB
Computer architecture bit width
8-bit multiple which could store a single ASCII character or two binary-coded decimal digits. The 16-bit word length thus became more common in the 1960s
16-bit_computing
CPU made by Ricoh for the Nintendo NES
of the MOS Technology 6502 core, modified to disable the 6502's binary-coded decimal mode. It also integrates a programmable sound generator (also known
Ricoh_2A03
Standardized digital audio interface
the XLR connection used by AES3. The RCA connectors are typically colour-coded orange to differentiate from other RCA connector uses, such as composite
S/PDIF
Standardized way to automatically access information about a memory module
memory specification introduced in 1998. Most values specified are in binary-coded decimal form. The most significant nibble can contain values from 10 to 15
Serial_presence_detect
Instruction Code BBP—Baseband ProcessorCo BBS—Bulletin Board System BC—Business Continuity BCC—Blind Carbon Copy BCD—Binary Coded Decimal BCD—Boot Configuration
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Unit of digital information
units based on decimal and binary prefixes increases as a semi-logarithmic (linear-log)[citation needed] function—for example, the decimal kilobyte value
Gigabyte
Order of magnitude indicator
adopted into the SI.[page needed] The decimal prefix for ten thousand, myria- (sometimes spelt myrio-), and the early binary prefixes double- (2×) and demi-
Metric_prefix
Base-16 numeric representation
(or e) serves a similar purpose in decimal E notation. The number after the P is decimal and represents the binary exponent. Increasing the exponent by
Hexadecimal
Vacuum tube commercial computer, 1958
code and data. It weighed about 16,000 pounds (8.0 short tons; 7.3 t). Above figures are approximate and do not include input-output devices. Decimal
UNIVAC_II
Hexadecimal number system
confusion with the decimal system). The graphical and phonetic conception of these symbols is meant to render the use of the Bibi-binary "language" simple
Bibi-binary
Programming language with English-like syntax
character set USAGE PACKED-DECIMAL, where data is stored in the smallest possible decimal format (typically packed binary-coded decimal) The report writer is
COBOL
in one of several schemes, including binary-coded decimal or BCD, bi-quinary, excess-3, and two-out-of-five code. The mathematical basis of digital computing
History_of_computing_hardware
Internal representation of numeric values in a digital computer
provide decimal floating-points operations, which provide rounding errors of a different form. Arbitrary-precision arithmetic Binary-coded decimal Binary-to-text
Computer_number_format
Standard formats for transferring time information
resolution) 100 kHz (10 μs resolution) 1 MHz (1 μs resolution) Coded expressions Binary-coded decimal (BCD) day of year, hours, minutes, and (for some formats)
IRIG_timecode
4-bit microprocessor
suggested a 4-bit design, as this allowed for direct manipulation of binary-coded decimal (BCD) values used by calculators. Hoff worked on the overall design
Intel_4004
Electromechanical computer built at Harvard University in 1949
16 decimal digits (plus sign), each digit was encoded by four bits, though using a form of encoding that is different to conventional binary-coded decimal
Harvard_Mark_III
Method for signed number representation
Offset binary, also referred to as excess-K, excess-N, excess-e, excess code or biased representation, is a method for signed number representation where
Offset_binary
32-bit computer number format
Single precision is termed SINGLE-FLOAT in Common Lisp; float binary(p) with p≤21, float decimal(p) with the maximum value of p depending on whether the DFP
Single-precision floating-point format
Single-precision_floating-point_format
Portable computer released by IBM in 1975
(Extended Binary Coded Decimal) notation, referred to as PTTC/EBCD in IBM 2741 documentation. EBCD was similar to the more common IBM EBCDIC code, but not
IBM_5100
First general-purpose computer designed for business application (1951)
needed] Digits were represented internally using excess-3 ("XS3") binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic with six bits per digit using the same value as
UNIVAC_I
Small IBM scientific computer released in 1959
variable word length, binary-coded decimal (BCD) computer using magnetic-core memory. The Model I core could hold 20,000 decimal digits with each digit
IBM_1620
Error-detection code for decimal digits
A two-out-of-five code uses ten possible combinations of two ones and three zeroes to encode the decimal digits using five bits. It is used for its error
Two-out-of-five_code
Early transistorized digital computer
both scientific and business applications. It operated on 18-digit binary-coded decimal words used fixed-point arithmetic. Main memory was a 32-word magnetic
Clary_DE-60
First electronic general-purpose digital computer
a 100-word expansion core memory was added to the system, using binary-coded decimal, excess-3 number representation. To support this expansion memory
ENIAC
Soviet character encoding standard
question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of something like "₁₀" (Decimal Exponent Symbol U+23E8 TTF). GOST 10859 (1964) is a standard of the Soviet
GOST_10859
Unit of information
of bits, rather than interpreting them as binary numbers. Data transfer rates are usually measured in decimal SI multiples. For example, a channel capacity
Bit
Types of numeral system
forbidding consecutive 1s. Binary-coded decimal (BCD) are mixed base systems where bits (binary digits) are used to express decimal digits. E.g., in 1001 0011
Non-standard positional numeral systems
Non-standard_positional_numeral_systems
Data whose unit can take on only two possible states
variables (equivalently, sums of i.i.d. binary variables coded as 1 or 0) follow a binomial distribution, but when binary variables are not i.i.d., the distribution
Binary_data
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BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
BINARY CODED-DECIMAL
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