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Bioavailability, in environmental and soil sciences, represents the amount of an element or compound that is accessible to an organism for uptake or adsorption
Bioavailability_(soil)
Pharmacological measurement
intravenously, its bioavailability is 100%. However, when a medication is administered via routes other than intravenous, its bioavailability is lower due to
Bioavailability
Measure of how acidic or alkaline the soil is
(2012). "Bioavailability of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Si, and micronutrients". In Huang, Pan Ming; Li, Yuncong; Sumner, Malcolm E. (eds.). Handbook of soil sciences:
Soil_pH
Pollution of land by human-made chemicals or other alteration
trace metals in soil as affected by soil type and aging after contamination: using calibrated bioavailability models to set ecological soil standards". Environmental
Soil_contamination
Earth, a natural material
(December 2001). "Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected by root-induced chemical changes: a review". Plant and Soil. 237 (2): 173–95
Soil
Displacement of soil by water, wind, and lifeforms
Soil erosion is the denudation or wearing away of the upper layer of soil. It is a form of soil degradation. This natural process is caused by the dynamic
Soil_erosion
Ability of a soil to sustain agricultural plant growth
environment are also altered due to soil depletion. Bioavailable phosphorus (available to soil life) is the element in soil that is most often lacking, in
Soil_fertility
Soil additive
A soil conditioner is a product which is added to soil to improve the soil’s physical qualities, usually its fertility (ability to provide nutrition for
Soil_conditioner
Substance added to soil to enhance plant growth
applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. Fertilizers may be distinct from liming materials or other non-nutrient soil amendments
Fertilizer
Decomposition of organic matter
Mineralization is the opposite of immobilization. Mineralization increases the bioavailability of the nutrients that were in the decomposing organic compounds, most
Mineralization_(soil_science)
Conservation and rehabilitation approach to food and farming systems
role in creating bioavailable nitrogen for plants. In fact, fungi require less nitrogen than bacteria and therefore fungal dominated soil microbiomes have
Regenerative_agriculture
Solid carbon stored in global soils
minerals. Soil carbon contributes to vital functions of soil in ecosystems, including water holding capacity, nutrient retention, and soil structure. Soil carbon
Soil_carbon
Lightweight black residue, made of carbon and ashes, after pyrolysis of biomass
White, and Joseph J. Pignatello. Impact of Biochar Addition to Soil on the Bioavailability of Chemicals Important in Agriculture. Rep. New Haven: University
Biochar
Creation of new soil and rejuvenation of soil health
like improving the texture and structure of the soil, balancing the pH, and limiting the bioavailability of heavy metal toxins. There are two types of inorganic
Soil_regeneration
Rain that is unusually acidic
June 29, 2026. Gensemer, Robert W.; Playle, Richard C. (1999). "The bioavailability and toxicity of aluminum in aquatic environments". Critical Reviews
Acid_rain
Major component of natural organic matter
important aspect of the biological role of humic acids in regulating bioavailability of metal ions. Decomposition products of dead plant materials form
Humic_substance
Soil health and biosecurity researcher
University of Otago, Black completed a PhD titled Bioavailability of cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc in soils treated with biosolids and metal salts at Lincoln
Amanda_Black_(soil_chemist)
Wind-borne mineral dust from the Sahara
ligands) subsequently increase the bioavailability of iron to these organisms. However, the concept of bioavailability is more nuanced than this statement
Saharan_dust
Region of soil or substrate comprising the root microbiome
Soil. 205 (1): 25–44. Bibcode:1998PlSoi.205...25J. doi:10.1023/A:1004356007312. S2CID 26813067. Hinsinger, Philippe (December 2001). "Bioavailability
Rhizosphere
Species of plant with edible seeds
is an enzyme involved in protein digestion, and phytates reduce the bioavailability of dietary minerals. The phytates can be reduced by prolonged soaking
Lentil
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used as a soil inoculant
Development by Inoculation of Soil with Phosphate-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria To Improve Rock Phosphate Bioavailability ((sup32)P) and Nutrient Cycling"
Rhizophagus_irregularis
Category of plant
V., Tiwari A., Shukla B. & Seth C.S. (2009) Effects of soil amendments on the bioavailability of heavy metals from zinc mine tailings. Environmental Monitoring
Hyperaccumulator
Poultry feather product
drying. Although total nitrogen levels are fairly high (up to 12%), the bioavailability of this nitrogen may be low if not hydrolyzed beforehand. Feather meal
Feather_meal
Substance used to control pests
an aerobic environment. Adsorption to soil may retard pesticide movement, but also may reduce bioavailability to microbial degraders. Pesticide contamination
Pesticide
Decontamination technique using living plants
the bioavailability of the contaminant. Phytostabilization involving a vegetative cap has been used to stabilize and contain mine tailings. Some soil amendments
Phytoremediation
Biodegradable waste
ISSN 0958-3157. S2CID 85270472. SMITH, S (2009). "A critical review of the bioavailability and impacts of heavy metals in municipal solid waste composts compared
Green_waste
Species of edible plant
(Abelmoschus esculentus) pod accessions: Implications for mineral bioavailability". Food Science & Nutrition. 4 (2): 223–33. doi:10.1002/fsn3.282. PMC 4779480
Okra
Degenerative disease that affects sheep and goats
of the processes affecting the mobility, persistence and bioavailability of prions in soil is needed for the management of prion-contaminated environments
Scrapie
Organic compound used as an herbicide
MCPA can form complexes with metal ions and thereby increase their bioavailability, and there is also work being done to utilize this ability. Because
MCPA
Genus of plants (chokeberries)
Erica S.; Bolling, Bradley W. (2020-09-30). "Composition, polyphenol bioavailability, and health benefits of aronia berry: a review". Journal of Food Bioactives
Aronia
Insufficient body levels of zinc
"Biofortification and estimated human bioavailability of zinc in wheat grains as influenced by methods of zinc application". Plant and Soil. 361 (1–2): 279–290. doi:10
Zinc_deficiency
Substance with micro-organisms
phosphorus compounds into soluble forms, increase the bioavailability of minerals in the soil, and synthesize phytohormones that promote growth, such
Biofertilizer
Mixture used to improve soil fertility
Garrido, J. (1 November 2002). "Bioavailability of heavy metals in soils amended with sewage sludge". Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 82 (4): 433–438. Bibcode:2002CaJSS
Compost
Product of the composting process using various species of worms
sludge and soil have been reported. The reduction in the bioavailability of heavy metals has been observed in a number of studies. Soil Improves soil aeration
Vermicompost
Palm tree with many uses, mainly fruit as cash crop
Scalbert, A; Rémésy, C (2005). "Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies". American Journal of
Açaí_palm
Chemical compound
foods and significance for humans: Food sources, intake, processing, bioavailability, protective role and analysis" (PDF). Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
Phytic_acid
Genus of bacteria
the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle because they increase the bioavailability of nitrogen to plants and play a role in denitrification, a process
Nitrosomonas
Biogeochemical cycle
neutral-to-calcareous soils) is usually viewed as the most important process in controlling terrestrial P-bioavailability in the mineral soil. This process can
Phosphorus_cycle
Systemic herbicide and crop desiccant
RG, Welsh A, Sims GK (2014). "Effect of soil aeration and phosphate addition on the microbial bioavailability of 14C-glyphosate". Journal of Environmental
Glyphosate
Salt-tolerant plant
A halophyte is a salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity, coming into contact with saline water through its roots or by salt
Halophyte
Biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into various chemical forms
ammonification have a positive correlation with organic nitrogen in the soil, soil microbial biomass, and average annual precipitation. They also respond
Nitrogen_cycle
Conversion of dinitrogen into ammonia
abundant but relatively inert molecular dinitrogen (N 2) is converted into bioavailable nitrogen compounds such as ammonia (NH 3) and nitrates (NO3). It occurs
Nitrogen_fixation
Species of plant
digestibility, affecting bioavailability of amino acids by up to 50%, as well as lowering digestibility and bioavailability of other nutrients. ANFs include
Vigna_subterranea
Soil scientist and researcher
Hedley, and Peter Bishop. "Predicting phosphorus bioavailability from high-ash biochars." Plant and Soil 357, no. 1-2 (2012): 173–187. Okeke, Benedict C
Marta_Camps
Mist-based plant growing process
cultivating plants in an air or mist environment, eliminating the need for soil or an aggregate medium. The term "aeroponic" originates from the ancient
Aeroponics
Species of flowering plant with edible seeds
arietinum L.). Developments in Plants and Soil Sciences, 32: 287–301. Hinsinger, P. (2001). "Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected
Chickpea
Species of plant
29, 2017. Retrieved 2021-12-05. Vijayalakshmi, P (2003). Enhanced bioavailability of iron from mungbeans and its effects on health of schoolchildren
Mung_bean
Organic fertilizer made from seaweed
polluted soils and may reduce its bioavailability. Although there is significant potential for seaweed to serve as a bio-remediator for polluted soils, more
Seaweed_fertiliser
Species of fungus
SC, Song CH, Cho KY, Pang G (April 2009). "Vitamin D2 formation and bioavailability from Agaricus bisporus button mushrooms treated with ultraviolet irradiation"
Agaricus_bisporus
Organic carbon classification
colloids and dissolved molecules in soils are controlled by their size, polarity, charge, and bioavailability. Bioavailable DOM is subjected to microbial decomposition
Dissolved_organic_carbon
Catalase-positive bacterium
grass bacillus, is a Gram-positive, catalase-positive bacterium, found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, humans, and marine sponges.
Bacillus_subtilis
though the process may not satisfy the need for an electron acceptor. Bioavailability, or the amount of a substance that is physiochemically accessible to
Microbial_biodegradation
Chemical element with atomic number 25 (Mn)
production of collagen in wound healing. Waterborne manganese has a greater bioavailability than dietary manganese. According to results from a 2010 study, higher
Manganese
Process of using fungi to degrade or sequester contaminants in the environment
proteins that bind heavy metals and thereby decrease their bioavailability. The removal of soil contaminants by mycorrhizal fungi is called mycorrhizoremediation
Mycoremediation
Immunosuppressive drug
tacrolimus is slowly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, with a total bioavailability of 20 to 25% (but with variations from 5 to 67%) and highest blood
Tacrolimus
Symbiotic relationship between orchids and some fungi
or catabolized to become bioavailable. Mycorrhizal fungi are extremely efficient at doing this due to their extensive soil surface area as well as high
Orchid_mycorrhiza
Non-crystalline solid
pharmaceutical industry, some amorphous drugs have been shown to offer higher bioavailability than their crystalline counterparts as a result of the higher solubility
Amorphous_solid
Highly carcinogenic chemical compounds
microplastics on freshwater aquatic organisms". Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability. 31 (1): 131–137. Bibcode:2019EnvPB..31..131M. doi:10.1080/26395940
Polychlorinated_biphenyl
Biodecontamination of sites affected by radioactivity
ability to influence the properties of radionuclides such as solubility, bioavailability and mobility to accelerate its stabilization. Its action is largely
Bioremediation of radioactive waste
Bioremediation_of_radioactive_waste
It also deals with the microbiology of soil fertility, such as microbial degradation of organic matter and soil nutrient transformations. The primary goal
Agricultural_microbiology
Substance consumed for nutrition
omega-3 fats. Complicated chemical interactions can enhance or depress bioavailability of certain nutrients. Phytates can prevent the release of some sugars
Food
Chemical compound
can also be used to test for bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments. However, it may influence the bioavailability of metals in solution, which
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic_acid
Species of fungus
fungi) – growing mushrooms to clean the earth". Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability. 26 (3): 196–8. doi:10.3184/095422914X14047407349335. ISSN 0954-2299
Pleurotus_ostreatus
Pollution resulting from multiple sources
often transported to water bodies via soil erosion because many forms of phosphorus tend to be adsorbed on to soil particles. Excess amounts of phosphorus
Nonpoint_source_pollution
Process of adding micronutrients to food products
other hand, the nutrient added as a fortificant may have a higher bioavailability than from foods, which is the case with folic acid used to increase
Food_fortification
Species of edible flowering plant
minerals, such as zinc and iron, thus negatively affecting absorption and bioavailability of nutrients in the gut. Saponins are bitter, but break down during
Chenopodium_berlandieri
Hydrocarbon composed of multiple aromatic rings
Hood, D. B.; Guillén, M. D.; Schneider, K.; Weyand, E. H. (2004). "Bioavailability and risk assessment of orally ingested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons"
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbon
Chemical compound
April 2021. Zhao, Y.; Martin, B. R.; Weaver, C. M. (2005). "Calcium bioavailability of calcium carbonate fortified soymilk is equivalent to cow's milk
Calcium_carbonate
Polyphenol with a stilbene skeleton
is unlikely due to the low aqueous solubility of the molecule. The bioavailability of resveratrol is about 0.5% due to extensive hepatic glucuronidation
Resveratrol
Iron-carrying compounds
elements in the Earth's crust, iron is not readily bioavailable. In most aerobic environments, such as the soil or sea, iron exists in the ferric (Fe3+) state
Siderophore
Adding fertilizers to an irrigation system
phosphate to serve as bioavailable nutrients. A common source of potassium is muriate of potash which is chemically potassium chloride. A soil fertility analysis
Fertigation
Influence of tea consumption on health
kidney stones, as well as binding with free calcium in the body. The bioavailability of oxalate from tea is low, thus a possible negative effect requires
Health_effects_of_tea
Plant species in pea family
ability to return to free-living growth in soil. The bacteroids fix atmospheric nitrogen into bioavailable forms such as ammonia. Bacteroids are provided
Alfalfa
NGO enabling communication about chemistry
Surface Reactions of Soil Particles Archived 21 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 15 April 2010 Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry
Plant species grown for its oil-rich seed
cultivated on a wide variety of well-drained soils, prefers a pH between 5.5 and 8.3 and has a moderate tolerance of soil salinity. It is predominantly a wind-pollinated
Rapeseed
auxins, regulates shoot and root architecture. PGPF also enhance the bioavailability and uptake of essential plant nutrients, as phosphorus solubilization
Plant-growth_promoting_fungi
Chemical elements essential for life
obtain minerals from soil. Animals ingest plants, thus moving minerals up the food chain. Larger organisms may also consume soil (geophagia) or use mineral
Mineral_(nutrient)
Blue dye also used as a medication
Administration as an oral solution (500 mg in 200 mL) greatly increases the bioavailability to 72.3±23.9%. In this newer study, the terminal half-lives were reported
Methylene_blue
Relationship between a compound's chemical structure and its biological activity
principles of QSAR and often accounting for the role of sorption (bioavailability) in chemical fate. Combinatorial chemistry Congener Conformation activity
Structure–activity relationship
Structure–activity_relationship
Chemical compound naturally occurring as periclase
increases their undesired bioavailability and mobility in soil and groundwater. Granular MgO is often blended into metals-contaminating soil or waste material
Magnesium_oxide
Salix, genus of trees
typically deciduous trees and shrubs. They are primarily found on moist soils in cold and temperate regions. Most species are known as willow, but some
Willow
Chemical compound
dipicolinic acid as a growth substrate by microorganisms is not limited by bioavailability in nature. Dinicotinic acid, an isomeric dicarboxylic acid 2,6-Pyridinedicarbothioic
Dipicolinic_acid
Spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus
spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or another food source. A toadstool generally refers to a poisonous mushroom
Mushroom
Plant used as spice
are generally safe but have recently been linked, especially in high-bioavailability forms, to rare cases of immune-mediated acute liver injury that typically
Turmeric
Chemical compound
chelating agents, ferric ions form insoluble solids and are thus not bioavailable. Together with pentetic acid (DTPA), EDTA is widely used for sequestering
Ferric_EDTA
Industrial means of refining bauxite to produce alumina
Accident in Ajka (Hungary): Plant Toxicity and Trace Metal Bioavailability in Red Mud Contaminated Soil" (PDF). Environmental Science & Technology. 45 (4): 1616–1622
Bayer_process
Environmental problems from uncontrolled mining
cause erosion, sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, or the contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water by chemicals emitted from mining processes
Environmental impact of mining
Environmental_impact_of_mining
Legume grown for its edible bean
develop from the hypocotyl, the first plant structure to emerge from the soil. These cotyledons act both as leaves and as a source of nutrients for the
Soybean
plants that gather certain minerals or nutrients from the soil and store them in a more bioavailable form and in high concentration in their tissues, then
Dynamic_accumulator
Species of flowering plant
vegetables is the best way to reserve the phenolic compounds and the bioavailability. Moly (herb), mentioned in The Odyssey, from which Linnaeus took the
Allium_moly
Species of mushroom, widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
contains appreciable amounts of selenium, a trace mineral, although the bioavailability of mushroom-derived selenium is low. Boletus edulis fruit bodies contain
Boletus_edulis
minerals found in soil, can adsorb tremendous amounts of organic materials and, hence, strongly influence the transport and bioavailability of organic materials
David_Allen_Laird
Plant species in the mint family
utilizes limited nutrients and requires moist soil, usually prefers moderate levels of acid and basic soils. Hempnettle could grow up to 1 meter high. Its
Galeopsis_bifida
Decomposition by living organisms
The degradation rate of many organic compounds is limited by their bioavailability, which is the rate at which a substance is absorbed into a system or
Biodegradation
Antifungal and antiparasitaric chemical compound
several formulations have been devised to improve its intravenous bioavailability. Lipid-based formulations of amphotericin B are no more effective than
Amphotericin_B
Chemical compound
bile. It was originally thought to work by increasing albendazole bioavailability directly; however, it is now known that cimetidine inhibits the breakdown
Albendazole
Chemical compound
Lei XG, Shou H (2010). "Nicotianamine, a novel enhancer of rice iron bioavailability to humans". PLOS ONE. 5 (4) e10190. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...510190Z. doi:10
Nicotianamine
Genus of flowering plants
Although there is no accepted clinical evidence of its efficacy and bioavailability, limited effects were noted for treating lower back pain and osteoarthritis
Harpagophytum
Metalloids in Soils". In Alloway, Brian J. (ed.). Heavy Metals in Soils: Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and their Bioavailability. Environmental
Economic impact of the 2026 Iran war
Economic_impact_of_the_2026_Iran_war
Science that applies chemistry to analyze geological systems
ligands in surface seawater. These ligand complexes serve to lower the bioavailability of trace metals within the ocean. For example, copper, which may be
Geochemistry
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name from Middle English greyve ‘steward’, from Old Norse greifi or Low German grēve (see Graf).English : topographic name, a variant of Grove.French : topographic name for someone who lived on a patch of gravelly soil, from Old French grave ‘gravel’ (of Celtic origin).North German : either from the northern form of Graf, but more commonly a topographic name from Middle Low German grave ‘ditch’, ‘moat’, ‘channel’, or a habitational name from any of several places in northern Germany named with this word.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Covered with soil, Dust (1)
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish (of Norman origin)
English and Irish (of Norman origin) : habitational name from La Varrenne in Seine-Maritime, France, named with a Gaulish element probably descriptive of alluvial land or sandy soil.English : topographic name for someone who lived by a game park, or an occupational name for someone employed in one, from Anglo-Norman French warrene or Middle English wareine ‘warren’, ‘piece of land for breeding game’.Irish : adopted as an Englsih form of Gaelic Ó Murnáin (see Murnane, Warner).The surname Warren was brought to North America from England independently by many different bearers in the 17th and 18th centuries. Richard Warren, a London merchant, was one of the Pilgrims on the Mayflower. John Warren came to Salem, MA, in 1630 on the Arbella, and was the founder of an influential 18th-century Boston family. Arthur Warren emigrated to Weymouth, MA, before 1638.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a topographic name for someone who lived in an area of sandy soil or a habitational name from a farmstead or other minor place so named.
Girl/Female
Indian
Covered with soil, Dust
Surname or Lastname
English (Kent)
English (Kent) : unexplained. Compare Solley.Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Soilligh ‘son of Soilleach’, possibly derived from soilghe ‘ease’, ‘agreeableness’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for someone who hewed or quarried marl, or a topographic name for someone who lived on a patch of clay soil, from a derivative of Middle English marl (Old French marle, Late Latin margila, from earlier marga, probably of Gaulish origin, with the ending added under the influence of the synonymous argilla).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a short form of the medieval female personal name Lettice (see Leece 1).German : from Middle High German lette ‘clay’, ‘clayey soil’, hence a topographic name for someone who farmed on fertile clay soil.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English, Scottish, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : topographic name for someone who lived on patch of sandy soil, from the vocabulary word sand. As a Swedish or Jewish name it was often purely ornamental.Dutch and Belgian : reduced form of Van den Sand(e), Van den Zande, a habitational name from places such as Zande in West Flanders or various minor places named with zand ‘sand’.English and Scottish : from a short form of Alexander.French : from a Germanic personal name, Sando.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old English cealc ‘chalk’, applied as a topographic name for someone who lived on a patch of chalk soil, or as a habitational name from any of the various places named with this word, as for example Chalk in Kent or Chalke in Wiltshire.
Surname or Lastname
German and Dutch
German and Dutch : from a Germanic personal name, Hun(e)ger, composed of the elements hÅ«n ‘bear cub’ + gÄ“r, gÄr ‘spear’.German : ethnic name from Ungar, Unger ‘Hungarian’.German : from Middle High German hunger ‘hunger’; a nickname for a thin or undernourished person, or sometimes a topographic name from a piece of land named with this word with reference to the infertility of the soil.English : probably from an Old English personal name, HungÄr.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant spelling of Best.German : topographic name for someone who lived by the Beste river, a tributary of the Trave, or a habitational name from any of various villages called Besten, said by Bahlow to be named with a Middle Low German word for poor soil.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old English clǣg ‘clay’, applied as a topographic name for someone who lived in an area of clay soil or as a metonymic occupational name for a worker in a clay pit (see Clayman).Americanized spelling of German Klee.The relatively common English name Clay had several American forebears in the 18th century. Henry Clay, born in Hanover, VA, in 1777, secretary of state for President John Quincy Adams, was descended from English ancestors who came to VA shortly after the founding of Jamestown. The revolutionary war officer Joseph Clay, also a member of the Continental Congress, was a native of Yorkshire, England, who emigrated to GA in 1760 and was a founder of the University of Georgia.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Yarborough and Yarburgh in Lincolnshire, named with Old English eorðburg ‘earthworks’, ‘fortifications’, (a compound of eorðe ‘earth’, ‘soil’ + burh ‘fortress’, ‘stronghold’).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for a peasant farmer, from Middle English husband ‘tiller of the soil’, ‘husbandman’. The term (late Old English hūsbonda, Old Norse húsbóndi), a compound of hús ‘house’ + bóndi (see Bond) originally described a man who was head of his own household, and this may have been the sense in some of the earliest examples of the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on land which had been cleared of forest, but not brought into cultivation, from Old English feld ‘pasture’, ‘open country’, as opposed on the one hand to æcer ‘cultivated soil’, ‘enclosed land’ (see Acker) and on the other to weald ‘wooded land’, ‘forest’ (see Wald).Possibly also Scottish or Irish : reduced form of McField (see McPhail).Jewish (American) : Americanized and shortened form of any of the many Jewish surnames containing Feld.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, Dutch, German, and Swedish
English, Scottish, Dutch, German, and Swedish : from the personal name Sander, a reduced form of Alexander.German : topographic name for someone who lived on sandy soil, from Sand 1 + -er, suffix denoting an inhabitant.Norwegian : habitational name from any of seven farmsteads so named in southeastern Norway, from the indefinite plural form of Old Norse sandr ‘sand’, ‘sandy plain’, ‘beach’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places named Whitfield, for example in Derbyshire, Kent, Northamptonshire, and Northumberland, named with Old English hwīt ‘white’ + feld ‘open country’, because of their chalky or soil.Henry Whitfield (1597–c.1657), preacher and scholar, came from Mortlake, Surrey, England (now part of Greater London) to New Haven, CT, in 1639 and was one of the first settlers in Guilford, CT. He had ten children, some of whom he left in CT when he returned to England in 1650, where he died.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Soil, Dust
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the various places so called, for example in Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, and Wiltshire. For the most part the first element is either Old English (ge)mǣne ‘common’, ‘shared’ (see Manley, Manship), or the Old English byname Mann(a) (see Mann). However, in the case of Manton in Lincolnshire the early forms show clearly that it was Old English m(e)alm ‘sand’, ‘chalk’, with reference to the poor soil of the region. The second element is in each case Old English tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’.Irish (Cork) : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Manntáin ‘descendant of Manntán’, a personal name derived from a diminutive of manntach ‘toothless’.
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
Boy/Male
Christian, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
The Black God
Boy/Male
Tamil
Agreed, Consented
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, German
Ruler of the People; Gifted Ruler; The People's Ruler
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Long Life
Boy/Male
Hindu
Winner, The person who is always win, King
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Causing Victory
Girl/Female
Bengali, Indian
Who Born in Month of Kartik
Boy/Male
Hindu
Goddess Lakshmi
Boy/Male
Tamil
Victory, One who always win
Boy/Male
Irish
Blind.
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
BIOAVAILABILITY SOIL
a.
Not producing fruit or offspring; unproductive; infertile; barren; sterile; as, an unfruitful tree or animal; unfruitful soil; an unfruitful life or effort.
v. t.
To stir the surface soil of, as a field.
n.
To make dirty or unclean on the surface; to foul; to dirty; to defile; as, to soil a garment with dust.
v. i.
To become soiled; as, light colors soil sooner than dark ones.
v. t.
To feed, as cattle or horses, in the barn or an inclosure, with fresh grass or green food cut for them, instead of sending them out to pasture; hence (such food having the effect of purging them), to purge by feeding on green food; as, to soil a horse.
adv.
Beneath; below; in a lower place; under; as, a channel underneath the soil.
n.
Dung; faeces; compost; manure; as, night soil.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Soil
a.
Dirty; soiled.
n.
A bend, sag, or partitioned chamber, in a drain, soil pipe, sewer, etc., arranged so that the liquid contents form a seal which prevents passage of air or gas, but permits the flow of liquids.
a.
Having the power to produce growth in plants; as, the vegetative properties of soil.
a.
Destitute of soil or mold.
imp. & p. p.
of Soil
n.
An underground drain or trench with openings through which the water may percolate from the soil or ground above.
n.
The layer, or stratum, of earth on which the mold, or soil, rests; subsoil.
a.
Pure; undefiled; unmixed; fresh; new; as, virgin soil; virgin gold.
v. t.
To enrich with soil or muck; to manure.
a.
Not tilled, cultivated, or built upon; yielding no revenue; as, unimproved land or soil.
n.
That which soils or pollutes; a soiled place; spot; stain.
n.
The soil beneath the surface; understratum; subsoil.