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Bunch of vagus nerve branches that support the heart's functions
The cardiac plexus is a plexus of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervates the heart. The cardiac plexus is divided into a superficial
Cardiac_plexus
Network of nerve fibres
Meissner's plexus (submucosal plexus) – serves the gastrointestinal tract Pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve – serves the palate and pharynx Cardiac plexus – serves
Nerve_plexus
Complex network of nerves located in the upper abdomen
the plexus. The celiac plexus includes a number of smaller plexuses: Hepatic plexus Splenic plexus Gastric plexus Pancreatic plexus Suprarenal plexus Other
Celiac_plexus
Nerve network of the esophagus
trunk. The esophageal plexus and the cardiac plexus contain the same types of fibers and are both considered thoracic autonomic plexus. The vagus nerve delivers
Esophageal_plexus
Branching network of vessels or nerves
plexuses. Alternatively, the Latin plural plexūs may be used. The four primary nerve plexuses are the cervical plexus, brachial plexus, lumbar plexus
Plexus
Topics referred to by the same term
of multiple veins Cardiac plexus, a congregation of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervates the heart Celiac plexus, a complex network
Plexus_(disambiguation)
Nerve branches in the upper torso
of the cardiac plexus; that from the left runs down across the left side of the aortic arch, and joins the superficial part of the cardiac plexus. The thoracic
Cardiac branches of the vagus nerve
Cardiac_branches_of_the_vagus_nerve
Nerve in the human body
sensation to the larynx below the vocal cords, give cardiac branches to the deep cardiac plexus, and branch to the trachea, esophagus and the inferior
Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve
Network of nerves in the thorax
and the sympathetic trunk. The plexus is in continuity with the deep cardiac plexus. It innervates the bronchial tree and the visceral pleura. According
Pulmonary_plexus
Cardiac network of neurons and ganglia
Modulate cardiac muscle activity. Interneurons: Facilitate communication within the ICNS. The system is organized into ganglionated plexuses (ganglionated
Intrinsic cardiac nervous system
Intrinsic_cardiac_nervous_system
Organ found in humans and other animals
nerves form a network of nerves that lies over the heart called the cardiac plexus. The vagus nerve is a long, wandering nerve that emerges from the brainstem
Heart
nerve Auerbach's plexus Auriculotemporal nerve Axillary nerve Brachial plexus Buccal branch of the facial nerve Buccal nerve Cardiac plexus Cavernous nerves
List of nerves of the human body
List_of_nerves_of_the_human_body
joining the deep cardiac plexus. Posterior to the subclavian artery, it communicates freely with the recurrent nerve and the middle cardiac nerve.[citation
Inferior cervical cardiac nerve
Inferior_cervical_cardiac_nerve
ganglion, or directly from the sympathetic trunk. It joins the deep cardiac plexus. It may occasionally be absent. On the right side it descends posterior
Middle_cervical_cardiac_nerve
Speed of the heartbeat, measured in beats per minute
through the paired cardiac plexus near the base of the heart. The cardioaccelerator center also sends additional fibers, forming the cardiac nerves via sympathetic
Heart_rate
Central part of the thoracic cavity
aortic arch above and the pulmonary trunk below. The starting of the cardiac plexus. The azygos vein arching over the right main bronchus and joining into
Mediastinum
Overview of and topical guide to the human nervous system
autonomic plexuses and ganglia Craniocervical part Internal carotid plexus Thoracic part Cardiac plexus Esophageal plexus Pulmonary plexus Abdominal part
Outline of the human nervous system
Outline_of_the_human_nervous_system
Part of the nervous system excluding the brain and spinal cord
this plexus is usually divided into three parts: lumbar plexus sacral plexus pudendal plexus The autonomic nervous system (ANS) controls involuntary responses
Peripheral_nervous_system
Study of heart functions
Both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimuli flow through the paired cardiac plexus near the base of the heart. Without any nervous stimulation, the SA
Cardiac_physiology
Largest artery in the human body
pulmonary trunk is a network of autonomic nerve fibers, the cardiac plexus or aortic plexus. The left vagus nerve, which passes anterior to the aortic
Aorta
Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. Unlike all other ganglia, the medial branches of
Cervical_ganglia
Digestive organ
lies the submucosa, consisting of fibrous connective tissue. Meissner's plexus is in this layer interior to the oblique muscle layer. Outside of the submucosa
Stomach
Cartilaginous tube
brachiocephalic trunk; and the left brachiocephalic vein. The deep cardiac plexus and lymph nodes are also positioned in front of the lower trachea. Behind
Trachea
Main nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system
cardiac branches of vagus nerve Inferior cervical cardiac branch Recurrent laryngeal nerve Thoracic cardiac branches Branches to the pulmonary plexus
Vagus_nerve
Medical intervention
Brachial plexus block is a regional anesthesia technique that is sometimes employed as an alternative or as an adjunct to general anesthesia for surgery
Brachial_plexus_block
Division of the nervous system supplying internal organs, smooth muscle and glands
The submucosal plexus has a role in secretory regulation by innervating intestinal endocrine cells and blood vessels. The Intrinsic cardiac nervous system
Autonomic_nervous_system
back of the arch of the aorta, where it joins the deep part of the cardiac plexus. It is connected with other branches of the sympathetic; about the middle
Superior_cardiac_nerve
Biological tissue that allows movement
of the central nervous system as well as by innervation from peripheral plexus or endocrine (hormonal) activation. Skeletal muscle only contracts voluntarily
Muscle
Vertebrate organ through which food passes to the stomach
on the right side. The vagus nerve divides and covers the esophagus in a plexus. Constrictions The esophagus has four points of constriction. When a corrosive
Esophagus
Nerve controlling the diaphragm
from nerve roots of the cervical plexus and the brachial plexus, it is usually considered separate from either plexus. The name of the nerve comes from
Phrenic_nerve
Ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system
target, or becomes a visceral branch to enter a plexus such as the superficial or deep cardiac plexuses. Neurons of the prevertebral ganglia, also called
Sympathetic_ganglia
Veins of the heart Coronary sinus Great cardiac vein Oblique vein of left atrium Middle cardiac vein Small cardiac vein Pulmonary veins Superior vena cava
List of veins of the human body
List_of_veins_of_the_human_body
Medications to reversibly block pain
or other solvents/carriers for deeper absorption Infiltration Brachial plexus block Epidural block (extradural) Spinal anesthesia (subarachnoid block)
Local_anesthetic
Nerve that supplies the latissimus dorsi
The thoracodorsal nerve arises from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. It is derived from their ventral rami (in spite of the fact that the latissimus
Thoracodorsal_nerve
Clear, colorless bodily fluid found in the brain and spinal cord
the brain. CSF is mostly produced by the epithelial cells in the choroid plexuses of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations
Cerebrospinal_fluid
18th-century German anatomist
sympathetic nervous system and described the Wrisberg ganglion of the cardiac plexus. He also wrote a text on hernias. The cuneiform cartilages are sometimes
Heinrich_August_Wrisberg
thyroid artery to the thyroid gland. Middle cardiac nerve – descends through the neck to reach the cardiac plexus in the thorax. It is sometimes absent, having
Middle_cervical_ganglion
Chart of tissue blood volume changes
compressing the skin, a pressure pulse can also be seen from the venous plexus, as a small secondary peak. The change in volume caused by the pressure
Photoplethysmogram
Digestive system structure
The submucosa contains nerves including the submucous plexus (also called Meissner's plexus), blood vessels and elastic fibres with collagen, that stretches
Gastrointestinal_wall
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
for their roles in the heart and in genetic predisposition to inherited cardiac arrhythmias. The KCNE2 gene also contains one of 27 SNPs associated with
KCNE2
Large blood vessel bringing oxygenated blood to the thorax
brachial plexus. The second part of the axillary artery is the reference for the locational descriptions of the cords in the brachial plexus. For example
Axillary_artery
Division of the autonomic nervous system
entering the thorax are the cardiac branches of the vagus nerve. These cardiac branches go on to form cardiac and pulmonary plexuses around the heart and lungs
Parasympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic_nervous_system
Major arteries of the upper thorax, below the clavicle
pleura and the scalenus medius muscle. Above the artery is the brachial plexus. Below the artery is the pleura. The subclavian vein lies below and anterior
Subclavian_artery
Medical condition
as phrenic nerve stimulation resulting in abdominal pulsing or brachial plexus stimulation resulting in rhythmic arm twitching. Twiddler's syndrome in
Twiddler's_syndrome
inner part of cardiac mass directly to cardiac cavities, most commonly to right atrium. There are three distinct lymphatic drainage plexuses in the heart;
Anatomy_of_the_human_heart
Anatomical structure
and vein, and the anterior pulmonary plexus, lie in front of each, and the vagus nerve and posterior pulmonary plexus lie behind. The root is formed by the
Root_of_the_lung
Abnormal increase in cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain
anatomy. Some infants can be treated with ETV and choroid plexus cauterization. Choroid plexus cauterization reduces the amount of cerebrospinal fluid produced
Hydrocephalus
Blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart
1 mm diameter, and reticular or feeder veins. Venous plexuses There are a number of venous plexuses where veins are grouped or sometimes combined in networks
Vein
Indian heart surgeon (1934–2004)
setting of congenital cardiac malformations, published in the International Journal of Cardiology. Uncommon presentation of choroid plexus papilloma in an infant
Sharad_Panday
Blood-clotting protein
heart pericardium abdominal fat lower lobe of lung Epithelium of choroid plexus Top expressed in mesenteric lymph nodes olfactory epithelium liver embryo
Factor_VIII
Chromosomal disorder in which there are three copies of chromosome 18
the upper eyelids (ptosis), a short breast bone, clenched hands, choroid plexus cysts, underdeveloped thumbs and/or nails, absent radius, webbing of the
Trisomy_18
Local anaesthetic drug
Ropivacaine was developed after bupivacaine was noted to be associated with cardiac arrest, particularly in pregnant women. Ropivacaine was found to have less
Ropivacaine
Layer of many organs in vertebrates
contractions in and the alimentary canal. The Auerbach's nerve plexus (myenteric nerve plexus) is found between longitudinal and circular muscle layers, it
Muscular_layer
Radially symmetrical contraction and relaxation of muscles
"around" + stellein, "draw in, bring together; set in order". The myenteric plexus is an interconnected network of neurons that spans the part of the GI tract
Peristalsis
Protein found in humans
contact and functions to structurally adhere adjacent cells together. In cardiac muscle, these regions are specialized regions known as intercalated discs
Desmoglein-2
Part of the throat that is behind the mouth and nasal cavity
with a stratified squamous epithelium. It is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus and by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The vascular supply to the laryngopharynx
Pharynx
Deliberate inhibition of nerve impulses
regional anesthesia, since many of the anesthesia targets (e.g., brachial plexus, femoral nerve) have large blood vessels that travel with the target nerves
Nerve_block
Restriction in blood supply to tissues
of the following: Thoracic outlet syndrome (compression of the brachial plexus) Atherosclerosis (lipid-laden plaques obstructing the lumen of arteries)
Ischemia
Primary organ of the respiratory system
respiratory center in the brainstem, along the phrenic nerve from the cervical plexus to the diaphragm. The lobes of the lung are subject to anatomical variations
Lung
the number of neurons of the autonomic nervous system in the Auerbach's plexus, that: 1) they were strongly reduced all over the digestive tract; 2) that
Fritz_Köberle
Genetic mitochondrial disease
already described CPEO as well as pigmentary retinopathy in both eyes and cardiac conduction abnormalities. Other symptoms may include cerebellar ataxia
Kearns–Sayre_syndrome
Group of nerves in the thorax
cardiopulmonary nerves to form the ventral and dorsal cardiopulmonary plexuses. Moore, Keith L.; Agur, A. M. R. (2002). Essential Clinical Anatomy (2nd ed
Cardiopulmonary_nerves
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
neural layer of retina retinal pigment epithelium Epithelium of choroid plexus epithelium of lens iris ciliary body adrenal gland embryo ovary left lung
PRCD
Beta blocker drug
"125I-lysergic acid diethylamide binds to a novel serotonergic site on rat choroid plexus epithelial cells". The Journal of Neuroscience. 5 (12): 3178–3183. doi:10
Propranolol
needed] The Inferior cardiac nerve offsets to blood vessels form plexuses on the subclavian artery and its branches. The plexus on the vertebral artery
Inferior_cervical_ganglion
Decrease in heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure due to chemical stimuli
circulatory collapse after spinal anesthesia and interscalene brachial plexus block. Vaso-vagal syncope: the role of the Bezold–Jarisch reflex in vaso-vagal
Bezold–Jarisch_reflex
Serum protein related to amyloid diseases
thyroxine and retinol. The liver secretes TTR into the blood, and the choroid plexus secretes TTR into the cerebrospinal fluid. TTR was originally called prealbumin
Transthyretin
Muscle between the duodenum and jejunum
fourth-parts of duodenum, duodenojejunal flexure Nerve Celiac plexus, Superior mesenteric plexus Actions Facilitates movement of food; embryological role in
Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (October 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation
NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), alpha 1
NADH_dehydrogenase_(ubiquinone),_alpha_1
Form of osteodystrophy and a rare human disease
characterized by the following: Hypogonadism Brachydactyly syndrome Choroid plexus calcification Hypoplasia of dental enamel Full cheeks Hypocalcemic tetany
Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy
Albright's_hereditary_osteodystrophy
Protein-coding gene in humans
subthalamic nucleus Top expressed in ciliary body iris Epithelium of choroid plexus substantia nigra deep cerebellar nuclei ankle medial vestibular nucleus
ATP1A2
Method of utilizing water in magnetic resonance imaging
as well as in connectomics. Applications for peripheral nerves: Brachial plexus: DTI can differentiate traumatic root avulsions from normal roots, particularly
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Diffusion-weighted_magnetic_resonance_imaging
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
vastus lateralis muscle thoracic diaphragm cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium Epithelium of choroid plexus muscle of thigh Top expressed in parotid gland
RHOQ
vertebral venous plexus is involved in regulating intracranial pressure, transmitting the influence of the respiratory and cardiac pressures to the intracranial
Cerebrospinal_venous_system
Medical tubes inserted in the body to extract or administer substances
subarachnoid space, or around a major nerve bundle such as the brachial plexus transfer of fertilized embryos, from in vitro fertilization, or sperm, during
Catheter
Local anaesthetic drug
subsequent cardiac arrest. The 0.75% formulation is contraindicated in epidural anesthesia during labor because of the association with refractory cardiac arrest
Bupivacaine
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in epithelium of lens superior cervical ganglion Epithelium of choroid plexus hand endocardial cushion facial motor nucleus interventricular septum otolith
NBDY
Thin layer of tissue in various organs
parasympathetic ganglia are scattered around forming the submucous plexus (or "Meissner's plexus") where preganglionic parasympathetic neurons synapse with postganglionic
Submucosa
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Trypanosoma cruzi can cause oxidative modification of this protein in cardiac muscle tissue. The UQCRQ gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 5 in
UQCRQ
Protein found in humans
cell Top expressed in choroid plexus of fourth ventricle right kidney epithelium of lens Epithelium of choroid plexus yolk sac human kidney morula morula
Folate_receptor_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ciliary body secondary oocyte cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle retinal pigment epithelium decidua gastrula choroid plexus of fourth ventricle More reference
LRRC8A
Protective layer that lines the interior of hollow organs
Submucosa Circular muscle Longitudinal muscle Serosa Adventitia Specific Meissner's plexus Auerbach's plexus Organs Esophagus Stomach Intestines v t e
Mucous_membrane
Organ in the gastrointestinal tract
Auerbach's (myenteric) plexus in between Same as duodenum Same as duodenum Submucosa Brunner's glands and Meissner's (submucosal) plexus No BG No BG Mucosa:
Small_intestine
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
JR, Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (Oct 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation
NDUFA7
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
expressed in retinal pigment epithelium Epithelium of choroid plexus right ventricle myocardium cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium pancreatic ductal cell myocardium
LAPTM4B
Mammalian protein found in humans
the heart: the hERG channel mediates the repolarizing IKr current in the cardiac action potential, which helps coordinate the heart's beating. When this
KCNH2
Section of the large intestine closest to the rectum and anus
iliac vessels, ovary, obturator nerve, the left piriformis, and left sacral plexus of nerves. In front, it is separated from the bladder in the male, and the
Sigmoid_colon
Enzyme
Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in hair follicle Epithelium of choroid plexus kidney tubule tibia germinal epithelium mucosa of ileum mucosa of sigmoid
Zinc_metalloproteinase_STE24
Indian neurosurgeon
Satish; Chandra, Sarat P. (2021). "Microscissor DREZotomy for Post Brachial Plexus Avulsion Neuralgia: A Single Centre Experience". Clinical Neurology and
Deepak_Agrawal
Enzyme found in humans
choroid plexus of fourth ventricle gastrula interventricular septum CA3 field entorhinal cortex perirhinal cortex myocardium of ventricle cardiac muscle
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1
Sphingomyelin_phosphodiesterase_1
Class of enzymes
gland right lobe of liver mucosa of transverse colon Epithelium of choroid plexus Top expressed in intercostal muscle brown adipose tissue tunica adventitia
3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase
3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA_hydrolase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
carotid body spermatid retinal pigment epithelium Epithelium of choroid plexus suprachiasmatic nucleus More reference expression data BioGPS n/a Gene ontology
CREBRF
Protein found in humans
submandibular gland epithelium of lens left colon parotid gland choroid plexus of fourth ventricle transitional epithelium of urinary bladder duodenum
ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1
ATPase,_Na+/K+_transporting,_alpha_1
Protein-coding gene in humans
interventricular septum cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle choroid plexus choroid plexus of fourth ventricle Epithelium of choroid plexus right kidney human
AIFM1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
monocyte Top expressed in choroid plexus of fourth ventricle interventricular septum corneal stroma ventricular zone cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle
UBL5
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
vesicula tail of epididymis Epithelium of choroid plexus caput epididymis endothelial cell cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium parotid gland middle
TMX4
Protein-coding gene in humans
vestibular membrane of cochlear duct Ileal epithelium Epithelium of choroid plexus transitional epithelium of urinary bladder conjunctival fornix substantia
CHMP4B
over the root of the Rt. Lung and opens in SVC. Nerve plexi: Cardiac and Pulmonary Plexus Thoracic duct (on its way to drain into the Left Subclavian)
List_of_anatomy_mnemonics
CSF Flow MRI overview, methodology, and application
that corresponds to vascular pulsations from mostly the cardiac cycle of the choroid plexus. Bulk transport of CSF, characterized by CSF circulation
Cerebrospinal_fluid_flow_MRI
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
an essential but poorly understood role in cardiac morphogenesis. HAND1 works jointly with HAND2 in cardiac development of embryos based on a crucial HAND
HAND1
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CARDIAC PLEXUS
CARDIAC PLEXUS
CARDIAC PLEXUS
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