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Musical scale set of twelve pitches
In Western music, a chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches within an octave, where the interval between any two adjacent notes
Chromatic_scale
Terms in music theory to characterize scales
Diatonic and chromatic are terms in music theory that are used to characterize scales. The terms are also applied to musical instruments, intervals, chords
Diatonic_and_chromatic
Compositional technique in music
Chromaticism is a compositional technique interspersing the primary diatonic pitches and chords with other pitches of the chromatic scale. In simple terms
Chromaticism
Method of classifying skin color
Von Luschan's chromatic scale (VLS) is a method of classifying skin color. It is also called the von Luschan scale or von Luschan's scale. It is named
Von_Luschan's_chromatic_scale
Triad of scale patterns in music theory
on the upper tetrachord of the harmonic minor scale to create tonal ambiguity and maximize chromaticism in later works like the Grosse Fuge. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Minor_scale
Ascending or descending sequence of musical tones
measure of the width of each scale step provides a method to classify scales. For instance, in a chromatic scale each scale step represents a semitone interval
Scale_(music)
Relationship among tones of the chromatic scale
(sometimes also cycle of fifths) organizes the twelve pitch classes of the chromatic scale in a cycle of ascending perfect fifths. Since the cycle ascends in
Circle_of_fifths
Type of harmonica
Wonder. Chromatic harmonicas are usually 12, 14 or 16 holes long. The 12-hole chromatic is available in 12 keys, but because the entire chromatic scale is
Chromatic_harmonica
1953 jazz music theory book by George Russell
preferred form of a major 13 (#11) chord. Russell builds a prototype chromatic scale starting on the Lydian Tonic by stacking fifths, skipping the interval
Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization
Lydian_Chromatic_Concept_of_Tonal_Organization
Algebraic irrational number
musical interval is a ratio of frequencies and the equal-tempered chromatic scale divides the octave (which has a ratio of 2:1) into 12 equal parts.
Twelfth_root_of_two
Musical tuning system
temperament represents the octave as 12 exactly equal semitones. The 12-note chromatic scale employs a semitone ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 ( 2 12 {\textstyle
Equal_temperament
Musical scale invented by Wendy Carlos
the upper partials of the harmonic series to tune a chromatic scale. Carlos showcased these scales on her 1986 album Beauty in the Beast. As a teenager
Wendy_Carlos_scales
Basic musical interval
intervals when sounded harmonically. A progression of semitones forms a chromatic scale, which informs the layout of many fixed-pitch instruments. For example
Semitone
Representation of isolatable musical sound
corresponding to the A minor scale. Several European countries, including Germany and Czechia, use H instead of B (see § 12-tone chromatic scale for details). Byzantium
Musical_note
Classification of skin color and response to UV light
categorizations in dermatological and genetic research. Monk Skin Tone Scale von Luschan's chromatic scale Skin reflectance Brown paper bag test D'Orazio, John; Jarrett
Fitzpatrick_scale
Class of music scales with seven notes
Glarean), but to all twelve notes of the chromatic scale, resulting in a total of eighty-four diatonic scales. The modern musical keyboard originated as
Diatonic_scale
Musical composition method
composition. The technique is a means of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded equally often in a piece of music while preventing the
Twelve-tone_technique
Clock diagram for displaying relationships among pitch classes
equal-tempered pitch classes making up a given equal temperament tuning's chromatic scale on a circle. If one starts on any equal-tempered pitch and repeatedly
Chromatic_circle
Musical scale with seven pitches
twelve-pitch scale roughly analogous to the Western chromatic scale. The first and fifth melakarta tones, corresponding to the first and eighth chromatic tones
Heptatonic_scale
Terms for tuning an instrument and a systems of pitches
strengths and weaknesses. It is impossible to tune the twelve-note chromatic scale so that all intervals are pure. For instance, three pure major thirds
Musical_tuning
Set of notes used in Chinese music
also known, rather misleadingly, as the Chinese chromatic scale; it was only one kind of chromatic scale used in ancient Chinese music. The shi'er lü uses
Shi'er_lü
musical scales and modes. Degrees are relative to the major scale. Bebop scale Chord-scale system Flamenco mode Heptatonic scale Hexany Jazz scale List of
List of musical scales and modes
List_of_musical_scales_and_modes
Classification in ancient Greek music theory
The scale generated by the chromatic genus is not like the modern twelve-tone chromatic scale. The modern (18th-century) well-tempered chromatic scale has
Genus_(music)
Any musical scale used in jazz
Some jazz scales, such as the eight-note bebop scales, add additional chromatic passing tones to the familiar seven-note diatonic scales. One important
Jazz_scale
Sequence of all twelve chromatic tones
pitch-classes, typically of the twelve notes in musical set theory of the chromatic scale, though both larger and smaller sets are sometimes found. Tone rows
Tone_row
Musical modes with repeating intervals
groups. These scales may be transposed to all twelve notes of the chromatic scale, but at least two of these transpositions must result in the same pitch
Mode_of_limited_transposition
Second letter of the Latin alphabet
note of a chromatic scale built on C. In Central Europe and Scandinavia, "B" is used to denote B-flat and the 12th note of the chromatic scale is denoted
B
Position of a musical note on a scale relative to the tonic
If the scale has no tonic, the starting degree must be chosen arbitrarily. In set theory, for instance, the 12 degrees of the chromatic scale are usually
Degree_(music)
Difference in pitch between two notes
widely used conventional names for the intervals between the notes of a chromatic scale. A perfect unison (also known as perfect prime) is an interval formed
Interval_(music)
Musical instrument
which runs through the chromatic scale). Usually, the Array mbira contains two and a half repetitions of the entire chromatic scale, arranged in a continuous
Array_mbira
Harmonic progression
Coltrane changes (Coltrane Matrix or cycle, also known as chromatic third relations and multi-tonic changes) are a harmonic progression variation using
Coltrane_changes
Relationships between music and mathematics
equal-temperament chromatic scale. In western music, a division into twelve intervals is commonly assumed unless it is specified otherwise. For the chromatic scale, the
Music_and_mathematics
Type of musical scale
few perfectly balanced seven-note subsets of the equally tempered chromatic scale: when its pitches are represented as points in a circle whose full
Hungarian_minor_scale
Topics referred to by the same term
to: Chromatic scale, the western-tempered twelve-tone scale Chromatic chord, chords built from tones chromatically altered from the native scale of the
Chromatic_(disambiguation)
Military march by Julius Fučík
section where the low brass (mainly the tubas) take over with the chromatic scale-like role. Finally, there is a trio, or a softer melodic section, where
Entrance_of_the_Gladiators
Series of four notes separated by three intervals
the first note of the scale. Diatonic: E–D–C–B | A–G–F–E Chromatic: E–D♭–C–B | A–G♭–F–E Enharmonic: E–D–C–B │ A–G–F–E Phrygian scale The second note of the
Tetrachord
Skin tone scale for machine learning research
International license. Fitzpatrick scale Von Luschan's chromatic scale Monk, Ellis (2023-05-04). "The Monk Skin Tone Scale". SocArXiv. doi:10.31235/osf.io/pdf4c
Monk_Skin_Tone_Scale
Musical instrument
harp features two rows so that each of the twelve semitones of the chromatic scale has its own string. The first cross-strung harp is believed to have
Cross-strung_harp
Musical instrument
wooden soundboard, with nails of various lengths arranged to produce a chromatic scale when a bow is drawn across them. It was invented in 1740 by German
Nail_violin
Type of musical scale
Pythagorean diatonic and chromatic scales, stacking perfect fifths with 3:2 frequency proportions (C–G–D–A–E). Considering the anhemitonic scale as a subset of
Pentatonic_scale
thus creating a texture involving all twelve notes of the chromatic scale (total chromatic). Alternately it is the free alteration of the other notes
Polymodal_chromaticism
Piano étude by Frédéric Chopin
Problems playing this file? See media help. The melody consists of rapid chromatic scale figures played by the outer right-hand fingers, accompanied by chord
Étude_Op._10,_No._2_(Chopin)
Scale in which each note is separated from its neighbors by a whole tone
Austin writes, "Janáček’s free chromaticism never loses touch with a diatonic scale for long. Though the whole-tone scale is prominent in much of his music
Whole-tone_scale
Scale in jazz terminology
Bebop scale is a term referring to the practice of adding a note (typically a chromatic passing tone) to any common seven tone scale in order to make it
Bebop_scale
Musical scale
Pijper, in the Netherlands it is called the Pijper scale. The twelve tones of the chromatic scale are covered by three disjointed diminished seventh chords
Octatonic_scale
Study of the practices and possibilities of music
variety of scales and modes. Western music theory generally divides the octave into a series of twelve pitches, called a chromatic scale, within which
Music_theory
Musical interval
A quarter tone is a pitch halfway between the usual notes of a chromatic scale or an interval about half as wide (aurally, or logarithmically) as a semitone
Quarter_tone
Subtractive color model
relationships with a simple diagram located between pages 244 and 245: Chromatic Scale (Echelle Chromatique).De la peinture à l’huile : ou, Des procédés matériels
RYB_color_model
Musical tuning based on pure intervals
described as pure or just. Constructing a scale out of just intervals requires compromise. A completely chromatic scale in just intonation was an impossible
Just_intonation
Music scale which equally divides the octave
the scale (mirror symmetry). Examples include the Neapolitan Major scale (fourth mode of the Major Locrian scale), the Javanese slendro, the chromatic scale
Symmetric_scale
Musical method or technique of composition
post-tonal thinking. Twelve-tone technique orders the twelve notes of the chromatic scale, forming a row or series and providing a unifying basis for a composition's
Serialism
Type of saxophone
Rousseau, and Frederick L. Hemke. Chromatic scale Full range (from B♭ to F, or from concert D♭ to concert A♭) chromatic scale Problems playing this file? See
Alto_saxophone
Musical nomenclature with letters to indicate pitch
used instead of B, and B is used instead of B♭. If we consider the chromatic scale, new sounds are obtained by lowering or raising the seven diatonic
Letter_notation
Topics referred to by the same term
Lift System, a style of scissor doors VideoLAN Server Von Luschan's chromatic scale of skin colour West Flemish, a dialect in Belgium, ISO 639-3 code VLS-1
VLS
Percussion-stringed instrument
instrument. This tuning results in most, but not all, notes of the chromatic scale being available. To fill in the gaps, many modern dulcimer builders
Hammered_dulcimer
Method of tuning a musical instrument
implies that only eleven just fifths are used to build the entire chromatic scale. The remaining interval (the diminished sixth from G♯ to E♭) is left
Pythagorean_tuning
Sequence of frequencies
notes of what the West has adopted as the chromatic scale based on the fundamental tone. The Western chromatic scale has been modified into twelve equal semitones
Harmonic_series_(music)
Failure of a lens to focus all colors on the same point
In optics, chromatic aberration (CA), also called chromatic distortion, color aberration, color fringing, or purple fringing, is a failure of a lens to
Chromatic_aberration
Concept in music theory
in regard to the maximally even diatonic scale—but are not maximally even with regard to the chromatic scale. (ibid, p.115) This nested quality resembles
Maximal_evenness
Musical instrument of the free-reed aerophone family
configuration makes all the notes of the chromatic scale available. As a result, such instruments could strictly be termed chromatic (rather than diatonic) instruments
Diatonic_button_accordion
German composer (1895–1963)
harmonic language is more modern, freely using all 12 notes of the chromatic scale within his tonal framework, as detailed in his three-volume treatise
Paul_Hindemith
Musical instrument in which the sound-producing body is a piece of metal
bars, in an imitation of the piano keyboard, and are tuned to the chromatic scale. In music of the 20th century and beyond, the word metallophone is
Metallophone
Musical scale comprising seven notes
the corresponding major scale are considered diatonic notes, while the notes outside the major scale are considered chromatic notes. Moreover, the key
Major_scale
Musical algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
there are fewer notes in a standard musical scale (e.g., seven for diatonic scales and twelve for chromatic scales) than there are letters of the alphabet
Music_cipher
Color space
differences include a slightly modified lightness scale and a modified uniform chromaticity scale, in which one of the coordinates, v′, is 1.5 times
CIELUV
Glide between pitches
major scale or an F♯ major pentatonic scale, or their relative modes; by performing both at once, it is possible to produce a full chromatic scale. Maurice
Glissando
Musical instrument, typically made from bamboo
doubles. Because there are 12 notes in a chromatic scale or a full octave, every half-step in a chromatic scale is multiplied by the 12th root of 2 to get
Pan_flute
Large, steam-powered musical instrument
played via a MIDI interface. The whistles of a calliope are tuned to a chromatic scale, although this process is difficult and must be repeated often to maintain
Calliope_(instrument)
Musical tuning system with 15 pitches equally-spaced on a logarithmic scale
of styles". Easley Blackwood, Jr.'s notation of 15-EDO creates this chromatic scale: B♯/C, C♯/D♭, D, D♯, E♭, E, E♯/F, F♯/G♭, G, G♯, A♭, A, A♯, B♭, B, B♯/C
15_equal_temperament
Stylistic features that are included within an art piece
distinguishing between strong and weak colors. A visual representation of chromatic scale is observable through the color wheel that uses the primary colors
Elements_of_art
Alpine horn (musical instrument)
overlap, but do not exactly correspond, to notes found in the familiar chromatic scale in standard Western equal temperament. Most prominently within the
Trembita
Austrian doctor and archaeologist
University of Berlin). He is also remembered for creating the von Luschan's chromatic scale for classifying skin colour, which consisted of 36 opaque glass tiles
Felix_von_Luschan
Dense musical chord
comprising at least three adjacent tones in a scale. Prototypical tone clusters are based on the chromatic scale and are separated by semitones. For instance
Tone_cluster
Melodic inversion and reversed ordering of a musical motif's pitches
Inversion turns every interval in the melody upside down. Where a chromatic scale proceeds upwards by semitones, its inversion moves downwards by semitones
Retrograde_inversion
1975 song by 10cc
"ahhh" 16 times for each note of the chromatic scale, building up a "choir" of 48 voices for each note of the scale. The main problem facing the band was
I'm_Not_in_Love
System for naming musical notes
pitch notation is a system for naming musical notes of the Western chromatic scale. Fully described and normalized by the German scientist Hermann von
Helmholtz_pitch_notation
Group of composers in 20th century Vienna
composing, Schoenberg employed all 12 tones present in Western music's chromatic scale when forming a melody, this melody being the "prime series". This method
Second_Viennese_School
Free reed wind musical instrument
jazz, country, and rock. The many types of harmonica include diatonic, chromatic, tremolo, octave, orchestral, and bass versions. The harmonica is played
Harmonica
clamped into a metal frame. The horns are tuned to the notes of a chromatic scale and arranged so that the bulbs form a musical keyboard, much like the
Hornophone
Musical scales
'scale'".[further explanation needed] An essentially nine-note blues scale is defined by Benward and Saker as a chromatic variation of the major scale
Blues_scale
Method of pairing compatible chords and scales
Originating with George Russell's Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization (1953), the chord-scale system is now the "most widely used method
Chord-scale_system
Music that lacks a tonal center or key
focusing on a single, central triad is not used, and the notes of the chromatic scale function independently of one another. More narrowly, the term atonality
Atonality
19th-century keyed brass instrument
tone holes operated by keys to alter the pitch and provide a full chromatic scale. It was developed from the bugle around the year 1800 and was popular
Keyed_bugle
Ability of musicians to exert optimal control of their instruments and/or bodies
fundamental patterns and of notes such as the natural, minor, major, and chromatic scales, minor and major triads, dominant and diminished sevenths, formula
Musical_technique
Type of concertina
systems that were gradually expanded to include other notes of the chromatic scale over time, bisonoric instruments are often referred to as "diatonic"
Bandoneon
Bellows-driven free-reed aerophone musical instrument
The chromatic scale consists of two rows. The third row is a repetition of the first row, so there is the same fingering in all twelve scales. These
Accordion
1886 musical suite by Camille Saint-Saëns
strings provide the melody, with the pianos occasionally taking low chromatic scales in octaves which suggest the roar of a lion, or high ostinatos. The
The_Carnival_of_the_Animals
1928 composition by Béla Bartók
well as diatonic and heptatonia seconda scales — as subsets of the chromatic scale. His use of these subset scales allowed him to incorporate a wide range
String_Quartet_No._4_(Bartók)
with a 7-keyed trumpet, a version of the instrument on which a full chromatic scale became possible, albeit with alleged loss of the instrument's usual
Anton_Weidinger
Concept in music
serialism the complement of one set of notes from the chromatic scale contains all the other notes of the scale. For example, A-B-C-D-E-F-G is complemented by
Complement_(music)
Keyboard instrument
exception of the Bosendörfer and Stuart & Sons pianos—and tuned to a chromatic scale in equal temperament. A musician who specializes in piano is called
Piano
Musical terminology
that replaces one or more notes from the diatonic scale with a neighboring pitch from the chromatic scale. By the broadest definition, any chord with a non-diatonic
Altered_chord
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Alteration (music), the use of a neighboring pitch in the chromatic scale in place of its diatonic neighbor Alteration, in the mensural notation
Alteration
Music of the Arab World
are notes that lie between notes in the Western chromatic scale. While notes in the chromatic scale are separated by semitones (or half steps), notes
Arabic_music
Musical instrument
strings. One set of strings is tuned to the diatonic, chromatic, or partially chromatic scale and the other set is tuned to make the various chords in
Guitar_zither
representations of the semitonal scale." Thus an interval cycle or pair of cycles may be reducible to a representation of the chromatic scale. As such, interval cycles
Interval_cycle
Symphony by Krzysztof Penderecki
and strings and is made up of faster moving ascending and descending chromatic scale fragments. The second occurs in the low winds and brass and primarily
Symphony_No._3_(Penderecki)
Aspect of music
Occhiogrosso, 1990 Chromatic chord Chromatic mediant Harmonie Homophony (music) List of musical terminology Mathematics of musical scales Musica universalis
Harmony
Drum machine
motor or by performing short solos on the bass channel's 12-point chromatic scale. Welch, Michael Patrick (14 May 2015). "Musician Quintron makes music
Drum_Buddy
constellations use of a subset of pitches chosen from the twelve pitch chromatic scale. In this case the points on the circle are spaced like the twelve hour
Pitch_constellation
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