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2020 American documentary film
Coded Bias is an American documentary film directed by Shalini Kantayya that premiered at the 2020 Sundance Film Festival. The film includes contributions
Coded_Bias
Computer scientist and digital activist
com. "The Coded Gaze: Unpacking Biases in Algorithms That Perpetuate Inequity". rockefellerfoundation.org. Retrieved May 15, 2021. "The Coded Gaze: Unpacking
Joy_Buolamwini
American filmmaker and activist
'Coded Bias' Exposes Tech Made without Women and BIPOC in Mind". www.sundance.org. Retrieved 2020-12-05. Complex, Valerie (2020-02-13). "'Coded Bias':
Shalini_Kantayya
British advocate (born 1989)
Investigatory Powers Act 2016. She appears in the 2020 American documentary film Coded Bias, and in the 2024 film 2073. Civil liberties in the United Kingdom "Silkie
Silkie_Carlo
Digital advocacy non-profit organization
2020). "When Bias Is Coded Into Our Technology". NPR. Archived from the original on March 26, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2022. "Watch Coded Bias". Netflix
Algorithmic_Justice_League
(2020)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved September 24, 2022. "Coded Bias (2020)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved September 11, 2025
List of films with a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes
List_of_films_with_a_100%_rating_on_Rotten_Tomatoes
Technological phenomenon with social implications
decisions relating to the way data is coded, collected, selected or used to train the algorithm. For example, algorithmic bias has been observed in search engine
Algorithmic_bias
Annual survey by Freedom House
the world. Critical assessments of the survey have highlighted potential biases stemming from its funding, methodology, ideological leanings and the subjective
Freedom_in_the_World
Nigerian-Canadian computer scientist
and evaluation. Raji's work on bias in facial recognition systems has been highlighted in the 2020 documentary Coded Bias directed by Shalini Kantayya.
Deborah_Raji
Inclination for or against
Bias is a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is inaccurate, closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair.
Bias
2024 documentary film by Jazmin Renée Jones
of philosophical and sociological considerations, from the notion of 'coded bias' to how they personally use technology to communicate and find community
Seeking_Mavis_Beacon
Data journalism professor
Netflix documentary, Coded Bias, which follows researchers and advocates as they explore how algorithms encode and propagate bias. She has been interviewed
Meredith_Broussard
American political scientist, author
Smith alongside Alethia Jones. She was featured in the 2020 documentary Coded Bias directed by Shalini Kantayya. In 2018, Eubanks published the book Automating
Virginia_Eubanks
Bias within the mass media
commercial bias, temporal bias, visual bias, bad news bias, narrative bias, status quo bias, fairness bias, expediency bias, class bias and glory bias (or the
Media_bias
Eritrean computer scientist (born 1982/3)
general intelligence". First Monday. 29 (4). doi:10.5210/fm.v29i4.13636. Coded Bias Claire Stapleton Meredith Whittaker Sophie Zhang Timnit Gebru publications
Timnit_Gebru
American film production company
(2017), The Feeling of Being Watched (2018), One Child Nation (2019), Coded Bias (2020), and Ascension (2021). In 2005, Julie Parker Benello, Judith Helfand
Chicken_&_Egg_Films
Mean amplitude of a waveform in the time domain
domain, the DC bias, DC component, DC offset, or DC coefficient is the mean value of the waveform. A waveform with zero mean or no DC bias is known as a
DC_bias
Causing rape of trans prisoners for social control
if the "wife" inmate resisted being V-coded. In addition, the prison staff would sometimes coerce the V-coded "wife" into furthering their sexual role
V-coding
assistant professor at Harvard Business School, claims that Google has "hard-coded" bias in the algorithm it employs to generate its OneBox results which are
Favored_placement
Type of confirmation bias
information is not detected or coded [by the individual], the sensation is experienced as a surprise and the hindsight bias has a gradual reduction. When
Hindsight_bias
Distortion to enhance self-esteem, or to see oneself overly favorably
A self-serving bias is any cognitive or perceptual process that is distorted by the need to maintain and enhance self-esteem, or the tendency to perceive
Self-serving_bias
2020 American film
2020. Sundance 2020 – Senses of Cinema Tallerico, Brian. "Sundance 2020: Coded Bias, Whirlybird, Be Water | Festivals & Awards | Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert
Whirlybird_(film)
Film festival
Pockets by Bill and Turner Ross Boys State by Jesse Moss and Amanda McBaine Coded Bias by Shalini Kantayya The Cost of Silence by Mark Manning Crip Camp by Jim
2020_Sundance_Film_Festival
small-bias sample space (also known as ϵ {\displaystyle \epsilon } -biased sample space, ϵ {\displaystyle \epsilon } -biased generator, or small-bias probability
Small-bias_sample_space
Media favoring certain ideologies
The history of media bias in the United States has evolved from overtly partisan newspapers in the 18th and 19th centuries to professional journalism with
Media bias in the United States
Media_bias_in_the_United_States
Code of the West: (1925, 1947 & 2012) Code of the Wilderness (1924) Code Wilo (2019) Codebreaker (2011 TV) Coded Bias (2020) Codename Coq Rouge (1989) Codename
List_of_films:_C
Statistical bias
Acquiescence bias, also known as agreement bias, is a category of response bias common to survey research in which respondents have a tendency to select
Acquiescence_bias
2021. "Climbing Blind". Posing Productions. Retrieved 19 March 2020. "Coded Bias". Women Make Movies. Retrieved 6 March 2020. "DAU. Degeneration". Cineuropa
List_of_British_films_of_2020
usage bias. As opposed to other measures of codon usage bias, such as the 'effective number of codons' (Nc), which measure deviation from a uniform bias (null
Codon_Adaptation_Index
Variation to BCD-code where three (11) is added to a binary representation
is a self-complementary binary-coded decimal (BCD) code and numeral system. It is a biased representation. Excess-3 code was used on some older computers
Excess-3
Annual film festival hosted in Philadelphia, PA, USA
Shook America Sprinter Jezebel A Love Song for Latasha Miss Juneteenth Coded Bias Farewell Amor Through The Night Stateless Down a Dark Stairwell The Inheritance
BlackStar_Film_Festival
American website
Media Bias/Fact Check (MBFC) is an American media watchdog website founded in 2015 by Dave M. Van Zandt. It considers four main categories and multiple
Media_Bias/Fact_Check
Form of evolutionary mutation
are coded for by more than one three-base-pair codon; since some of the codons for a given amino acid differ by just one base pair from others coding for
Synonymous_substitution
Usually violent, prejudice-motivated crime
of bias. Hate itself is not a hate crime, but committing a crime motivated by bias against one or more of the social groups listed above, or by bias against
Hate_crime
Pattern used within a communications system to represent digital data
an infrared remote control. the line-coded signal can be printed on paper to create a bar code. the line-coded signal can be converted to magnetized
Line_code
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
systemic bias in editor demographic results in cultural bias, gender bias, and geographical bias on Wikipedia. There are two broad types of bias, which
Wikipedia
Interpreting others' behavior as hostile
Hostile attribution bias, or hostile attribution of intent, is the tendency to interpret others' behaviors as having hostile intent, even when the behavior
Hostile_attribution_bias
Type of machine learning model
many contexts, and are a foundational technology behind modern chatbots. Biased or inaccurate training data can make an LLM's output less reliable. LLMs
Large_language_model
Retrieved July 17, 2022. "Mr. SOUL!". PBS. Retrieved July 17, 2022. "Coded Bias". PBS. Retrieved July 17, 2022. "Down a Dark Stairwell". PBS. Retrieved
List of Independent Lens films
List_of_Independent_Lens_films
Misuse of data analysis
can also lead to bias. By selecting papers with significant p-values, negative studies are selected against, which is publication bias. This is also known
Data_dredging
Racial bias in criminal news occurs when a journalist's racial biases affect their reporting. Racial biases are a form of implicit bias, which refers to
Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
Racial_bias_in_criminal_news_in_the_United_States
Genetic bias in coding DNA
Codon usage bias refers to differences in the frequency of occurrence of synonymous codons in coding DNA. A codon is a series of three nucleotides (a triplet)
Codon_usage_bias
Tendency for people's perception to be affected by their recurring thoughts at the time
Attentional bias is the tendency for a person's perception to be affected by selective factors in their attention. Attentional biases may explain an individual's
Attentional_bias
Systematic study undertaken to increase knowledge
attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error. These activities are characterized by accounting and controlling for biases. A research project may be an
Research
Assumption that big events have big causes
proportionality bias, also known as major event/major cause heuristic, is the tendency to assume that big events have big causes. It is a type of cognitive bias and
Proportionality_bias
Ring-shaped covering around a wheel's rim
diameters of greater than 42 inches, as such tires are difficult to make. Bias tire (bias-ply, or cross-ply) construction utilizes body ply cords that extend
Tire
Annual film festival held in Geneva, Switzerland
Davaa. In Grand Reportage Competition the Prize of OMCT was given to Coded Bias by Shalini Kantayya (USA/UK/China), Public Award — Dear Future Children
International Film Festival and Forum on Human Rights
International_Film_Festival_and_Forum_on_Human_Rights
Brevity code for NATO communications
engagement.* [A/S] AUTHENTICATE To request or provide a response for a coded challenge. AUTOCAT Any communications relay using automatic retransmissions
Multi-service tactical brevity code
Multi-service_tactical_brevity_code
Bias in educational textbooks
Bias in curricula refers to real or perceived bias in curricula or textbooks. Biases may include minimizing wrongdoings conducted by the subject nation
Bias_in_curricula
December 2009 article by Mark Graham of OII in The Guardian presented a color-coded map of the world that illustrated the disparity between the numbers of geotagged
Geographical bias on Wikipedia
Geographical_bias_on_Wikipedia
Atypical opioid drug
opioid receptor modulator with unusual actions and effects. It acts as a biased partial agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), showing strong selectivity
SR-17018
Dataset of characteristics of political / rankings regimes
concerns regarding time-varying bias in expert-coded data" such as Freedom House and V-Dem and encourage improving expert-coding practices. Knutsen et al. did
V-Dem_Democracy_Indices
Intentional withholding of information
Wells, Jack (14 January 1998). "The 'Blue Wall of Silence' as Evidence of Bias and Motive to Lie: A New Approach to Police Perjury". University of Pittsburgh
Code_of_silence
Telecommunications coding technique
is represented by a DC bias on the transmission line (conventionally positive), while zero is represented by the absence of bias – the line at 0 volts
Non-return-to-zero
Pharmaceutical compound
postoperative pain. It is given intravenously. The drug acts as a selective biased partial agonist of the MOR, with functional selectivity for activation of
Susineridine
Form of racial prejudice
argued that adultification bias can trace its roots to slavery and stereotypes of African Americans. Adultification bias can affect the language used
Adultification
Chemical compound
WAY-204688, also known as SIM-688, is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor which was originated by ArQule and Wyeth
WAY-204688
Structured series of questions and answers
unable to be unbiased in their collection and interpretation of information. Bias or discrimination can be created from the interviewer's perception of the
Interview
Political messaging using coded language
In politics, a dog whistle is the use of coded or suggestive language in political messaging to garner support from a particular group without provoking
Dog_whistle_(politics)
Criminal code of Singapore
The Penal Code 1871 sets out general principles of the criminal law of Singapore, as well as the elements and penalties of general criminal offences such
Penal_Code_(Singapore)
Standards of dress associated with gender
Gender-based dress codes are dress codes that establish separate standards of clothing and grooming for men and women. These dress codes may also contain
Gender-based_dress_codes
Bias allegations and other controversies at Fox News
and watchdog groups as being biased in favor of the Republican Party in its news coverage, as perpetuating conservative bias, and as misleading their audiences
Fox_News_controversies
Generative AI chatbot by OpenAI
plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers, known as hallucinations. Biases in its training data have been reflected in its responses. The chatbot can
ChatGPT
Measures to avoid offense or disadvantage
and in 2010 she wrote "the phrase 'political correctness' was born as a coded cover for all who still want to say Paki, spastic, or queer". Another British
Political_correctness
original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2023-04-06. Lee J (2020-02-08). "When Bias Is Coded Into Our Technology". NPR. Retrieved 2021-12-22. "How one conference
Ethics of artificial intelligence
Ethics_of_artificial_intelligence
Algorithm for shuffling a finite sequence
any desired range from the supplied tables in a manner which avoids any bias. They also suggested the possibility of using a simpler method — picking
Fisher–Yates_shuffle
Human-readable instructions a computer can execute
of issues such as bias. Access to the source code (not just the object code) is essential to modifying it. Understanding extant code is necessary to understand
Source_code
Chemical compound
SR-14968 is a drug which acts as a biased agonist at the μ-opioid receptor, selective for activation of the G-protein signalling pathway over β-arrestin
SR-14968
Popular in the days of vacuum-tube radios: Better Buy Resistors Or Your Grid Bias Voltages Go West. ("go west" means die) The following historical mnemonics
List of electronic color code mnemonics
List_of_electronic_color_code_mnemonics
Process in quantum computing
ancillary GKP state. Classical error-correcting codes that employ redundancy can be mapped to biased quantum codes that correct either Pauli X (bit-flip) or
Quantum_error_correction
Digital telecommunications technique
polarity as the preceding mark. In order to preserve AMI coding's desirable absence of DC bias, the number of positive marks must equal the number of negative
Modified_AMI_code
Intelligence of machines
Machine learning applications can be biased if they learn from biased data. The developers may not be aware that the bias exists. Discriminatory behavior by
Artificial_intelligence
Type of Morse code operating signal
The Q-code is a standardised collection of three-letter codes that each start with the letter "Q". It is an operating signal initially developed for commercial
Q_code
Chemical compound
syndrome. It is taken orally. The drug is described as a highly selective biased agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor, with activation of the Gq signaling
BMB-105
Country in South Asia
become pleated around the waist. When the pants are cut quite narrow, on the bias, they are called churidars. The kameez is a long shirt or tunic. Its side
India
Discrimination against men refers to gender-based inequality, bias, or disadvantage affecting men or boys, as well as disproportionately adverse outcomes
Discrimination_against_men
Study of health and disease within a population
cost-effective than cohort studies but are sensitive to bias (such as recall bias and selection bias). The main challenge is to identify the appropriate control
Epidemiology
City in Punjab, India
connecting it to the major cities of Punjab and India. INS Beas frigate "PIN codes of Amritsar district". whereincity.com. Retrieved 21 January 2012. "Demographic
Beas_City
studies, JEMs may be used as a quick and systematic means of converting coded occupational data (job titles) into a matrix of possible exposures, eliminating
Job-exposure_matrix
Businessman and public official (born 1971)
alternative to Wikipedia, which he described as "woke" and politically biased. In October 2025, Musk's company xAI launched Grokipedia, an AI-generated
Elon_Musk
Chatbot developed by xAI
alternative to Wikipedia, which he described as "woke" and politically biased. Musk was one of the 11 co-founders of OpenAI, and initially co-chaired
Grok_(chatbot)
American social networking service
identities by creating aliases for their accounts, in an attempt to limit bias towards the author of notes. Twitter then expanded access to notes made by
X_(social_network)
Responsibility to design fair algorithms
decision-making processes. Ideally, algorithms should be designed to eliminate bias from their decision-making outcomes. This means they ought to evaluate only
Algorithmic_accountability
Abstaining from participation in an official action due to a conflict of interest
other adjudicator steps aside from participating in a case due to potential bias, conflict of interest, or appearance of impropriety. This practice is fundamental
Recusal
Standard for serial communication between devices without host computer
terminations may be used such as the Terminating Bias Circuit defined in ISO11783. A terminating bias circuit provides power and ground in addition to
CAN_bus
Rules by which information encoded within genetic material is translated into proteins
poly-adenine RNA sequence (AAAAA...) coded for the polypeptide poly-lysine and that the poly-cytosine RNA sequence (CCCCC...) coded for the polypeptide poly-proline
Genetic_code
Chemical compound
is a compound derived from pregnenolone by Aelis Farma, which acts as a biased negative allosteric modulator of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, representing
Lixosicone
Code-generating large language model by OpenAI
Web-Based Coding Tool". Wired. Retrieved May 20, 2025. Wiggers, Kyle (July 8, 2021). "OpenAI warns AI behind GitHub's Copilot may be susceptible to bias". VentureBeat
OpenAI_Codex_(language_model)
Study of mental functions and behaviors
of recommendations to editors and reviewers to reduce WEIRD bias. Similar to the WEIRD bias, starting in 2020, researchers of non-human behavior have started
Psychology
Machine instruction that indicates to a computer to do nothing
zeroes; since the NOP slide behavior is often desirable, it gives a bias to coding it with the all-zeroes opcode. A function or a sequence of programming
NOP_(code)
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2022 to 2024
April 2020). "The 'Dishy Rishi' outpouring is about one thing: unconscious bias". i. Archived from the original on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Rishi_Sunak
Method for signed number representation
Offset binary, also referred to as excess-K, excess-N, excess-e, excess code or biased representation, is a method for signed number representation where a
Offset_binary
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
females and 68 for males—a gap of 10 years. It has one of the most female-biased sex ratios in the world, with 0.859 males to every female, due to its high
Russia
Medication to prevent nausea and vomiting
intramuscular, thin film Drug class Antiemetic; 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ATC code A04AA01 (WHO) Legal status Legal status AU: S4 (Prescription only) CA: ℞-only
Ondansetron
Self-synchronizing line code
swapped). Other line codes with this property include NRZI, bipolar encoding, coded mark inversion, and MLT-3 encoding. If the high and low signal levels have
Differential Manchester encoding
Differential_Manchester_encoding
Cognitive bias on facial recognition
The cross-race effect (sometimes called cross-race bias, other-race bias, own-race bias or other-race effect) is the tendency to more easily recognize
Cross-race_effect
Type of artificial neural network
hypernetwork only produces scale and bias coefficients for the neural field layers. Instead of relying on the latent code to adapt the neural field to a specific
Neural_field
Writing approach that avoids prejudiced or biased terms
perceive as expressing or implying ideas that are sexist, racist, or otherwise biased, prejudiced, or insulting to particular groups of people. It instead uses
Inclusive_language
States. If the lower bound of the top-coded group is used as a regressor value (30000 in the example above), OLS is biased and inconsistent since the regressor's
Top-coded
Beta blocker drug
including both numbers of studies and patients as well as quality and risk of bias of those studies, was limited. Findings were similar in a previous 2016 systematic
Propranolol
CODED BIAS
CODED BIAS
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a person who insisted on a strict code of social behavior.German : topographic name for someone who lived on or by a hill, from Middle High German stickel ‘hill’, ‘slope’ + the suffix -er denoting an inhabitant; in the south an occupational name for someone who shapes and sets stakes in vineyards.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a maker of purses and bags, from Middle English cod ‘bag’.English : nickname for a man noted for his apparent sexual prowess, from cod(piece), in Tudor times the garment worn prominently over the male genitals.English : from Middle English cod, the fish (of uncertain origin, perhaps a transferred use of 1), applied as a metonymic occupational name for a fisherman or seller of these fish, or possibly as a nickname for someone thought to resemble the fish in some way.Irish : variant of Cody.Irish (County Wexford) : from the Anglo-Saxon personal name Cod.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, English, Irish
Cushion; Helpful; Pillow
Boy/Male
Welsh
Dwells in the woods.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Chatham in Kent or possibly from Chatham Green in Essex, both named from Celtic cÄ“d ‘wood’ (modern Welsh coed) + Old English hÄm ‘homestead’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. Possibly a habitational name from an Anglicized form of the Welsh place name Betws-y-coed ‘prayer house in the wood’.
Boy/Male
Biblical Hebrew
To sustain, hold or lift up.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Welsh
Legendary Son of Kil Coed; One with Gray Hair
Biblical
to sustain, hold or lift up
Girl/Female
Hindu
Code
Surname or Lastname
French
French : habitational name from places in Landes and Lot-et-Garonne named Bias.English : possibly a variant spelling of Byas.
Boy/Male
Scottish
Beast.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Coad.
Female
Japanese
(1-儀, 2-典, 3-則, 4-法) Japanese unisex name NORI means 1) "ceremony, regalia," 2) "code, precedent," 3) "model, rule, standard," 4) "law, rule."
Male
English
Anglicized form of Hebrew Owded, ODED means "restorer." In the bible, this is the name of the father of Azariah, and the name of a prophet who lived in the time of King Ahaz.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Rockstar
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Glascote near Tamworth in Staffordshire, named from Old English glæs ‘glass’ + cot ‘hut’, ‘shelter’; it was probably once a site inhabited by a glass blower.Welsh : habitational name from Glascoed in Monmouthshire (Gwent), named from Welsh glas ‘gray’, ‘green’ + coed ‘wood’. This name is also found in Ireland and may also have been brought to the U.S. from there.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Code
Boy/Male
Irish American English
Helpful.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English, Irish
Cushion; Helpful
CODED BIAS
CODED BIAS
Girl/Female
Muslim
Repentant
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, French, Latin
Laurel Tree; Sweet Bay Tree Symbolic of Honor and Victory; The Bay; Laurel Plant
Girl/Female
Hawaiian
To soar like the hawk.
Boy/Male
Indian, Malayalam
A Charrecter of Epics
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Good Morning
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of English Percival.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Telugu
White Page
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Ancient
Boy/Male
English American French
Valley.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Crew.
CODED BIAS
CODED BIAS
CODED BIAS
CODED BIAS
CODED BIAS
pl.
of Codex
imp. & p. p.
of Cede
a.
Bound about, or wound, with cords.
a.
With hanging head; hence, dispirited; dejected; cowed.
a.
Clad in a cope.
n. sing. & pl.
A body or code of laws.
imp. & p. p.
of Cope
a.
Bound or fastened with cords.
a.
Made of cords.
imp. & p. p.
of Cord
n.
A codifier; a maker of codes.
a.
Relating to a codex, or a code.
imp. & p. p.
of Bode
imp. & p. p.
of Coy
imp. & p. p.
of Cove
a.
Striped or ribbed with cords; as, cloth with a corded surface.
imp. & p. p.
of Cow
a.
Piled in a form for measurement by the cord.
n.
A collection or digest of laws; a code.
n.
Any system of rules or regulations relating to one subject; as, the medical code, a system of rules for the regulation of the professional conduct of physicians; the naval code, a system of rules for making communications at sea means of signals.