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Physical phenomena
Combustion instabilities are physical phenomena occurring in a reacting flow (e.g., a flame) in which some perturbations, even very small ones, grow and
Combustion_instability
Chemical reaction between a fuel and oxygen
the combustion temperature and thus reduce the NOx emissions; however, running the combustion lean makes it very susceptible to combustion instability. The
Combustion
Non-airbreathing engine used to propel a missile or vehicle
the supersonic pressure wave formed in the combustion chamber may destroy the engine. Combustion instability was also a problem during Atlas development
Rocket_engine
unsteady heat release process. This instability is very relevant in combustion instabilities in systems such as rocket engines, etc. A very simple mechanism
Thermo-acoustic_instability
US ICBM, in service from 1962 to 1987
delayed by a month when the Titan's right engine experienced severe combustion instability at ignition that caused the entire thrust chamber to break off of
LGM-25C_Titan_II
Type of vibration in a rocket engine
vibration in liquid-propellant rocket engines caused by combustion instability. The unstable combustion results in variations in engine thrust, causing variation
Pogo_oscillation
Rocket engine used on the Saturn V rocket
at least through 1965. Early development tests revealed serious combustion instability problems which sometimes caused catastrophic failure. Initially
Rocketdyne_F-1
American astronaut and lunar explorer (born 1935)
survive. Testing at the White Sands Missile Range in 1966 indicated combustion instability. George Low, the Apollo Spacecraft Program manager, convened a committee
Charles_Duke
Non-explosives producing heat, light and sound
Aluminium – most common fuel in many classes of mixtures, also a combustion instability suppressant. Less energy per mass than carbon but less gas evolution
Pyrotechnic_composition
American space launch vehicle
standard D-series valve for reliability and weight-saving reasons. Combustion instability was a repeated problem in static firing tests of the MA-2 engines
Atlas_LV-3B
American expendable launch system
were removed. Because the second stage engine had had issues with combustion instability, it was equipped with baffled injectors. The first stage was loaded
Titan_II_GLV
Type of rocket engine
from theoretical studies on detonation waves and rocket engine combustion instability. Experimental observation and analysis first occurred in 1950s in
Rotating_detonation_engine
Instrinsic flame instability
Darrieus–Landau instability Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation Clavin–Garcia equation Double diffusive convection (1944). Theory of Combustion and Detonation
Diffusive–thermal_instability
American aerospace engineer (born 1938)
fluid dynamicist. He is known for his theoretical work on resolving combustion instability problems in the Rocketdyne F-1 engine during the Apollo program
William_Sirignano
Apollo Lunar Module rocket engine
injector system, at the request of NASA, when Bell could not solve combustion instability problems. The LMAE traces its origin to the earlier Bell Aerosystems
Ascent_propulsion_system
Propellant injection device for a rocket engine
based on regular injectors, and will very rarely present acoustic combustion instabilities, because a pintle injector tends to create a self-stabilizing flow
Pintle_injector
Problem in internal combustion engines
fuel–air mix itself, and due to Rayleigh–Taylor instability (resulting from the hot, low-density combustion gasses expanding into the relatively cold and
Engine_knocking
Rocket engine that uses both liquid / gaseous and solid fuel
), density, or both. Combustion instabilities – Hybrid rockets do not typically exhibit high frequency combustion instabilities that plague liquid rockets
Hybrid-propellant_rocket
Soviet (later Russian) rocket engine
certification testing, high frequency combustion instabilities at start up were still observed. Even though the start instabilities were relatively rare at 1 in
RD-0110
American aerospace engineer
Marble and Fred E. Culick, with a thesis on the "Sergeant rocket combustion instability problem and the associated roll torque puzzle". In 1964, Flandro
Gary_Flandro
Solid propellant motor used to augment the thrust of a rocket
aerodynamic stresses. Additional failure modes include bore choking and combustion instability. Failure of an O-ring seal on the Challenger space shuttle's right
Solid_rocket_booster
Former missile test launch site in Florida, US
1960, which suffered combustion instability and exploded on the pad. Although no specific cause for the combustion instability could be determined, the
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 11
Cape_Canaveral_Launch_Complex_11
Intrinsic instability in flames
flame instability that occurs in premixed flames, caused by density variations due to thermal expansion of the gas produced by the combustion process
Darrieus–Landau_instability
Variant of the U.S. Atlas missile
ignition that required no hold-down time on the pad to prevent combustion instability. The booster engines had separate gas generators unlike the Atlas
SM-65E_Atlas
First South Korean orbital launch vehicle developed domestically
three-stage engine combustion test facility and a combustor combustion test facility. However, the problem of combustion instability in the KRE-075 burner
Nuri_(rocket)
Professor of Aerospace Engineering
transition from the state of combustion noise to the state of thermo-acoustic instability. He suggested that combustion noise exhibits multifractality
R._I._Sujith
Soviet (now Russian) rocket engine, the most powerful in the world
engine designers, including Valentin P. Glushko, faced problems of combustion instability while designing bigger thrust chambers. At that time, they solved
RD-170
In combustion, the Michelson–Sivashinsky equation describes the evolution of a premixed flame front, subjected to the Darrieus–Landau instability, in the
Michelson–Sivashinsky equation
Michelson–Sivashinsky_equation
First operational version of the U.S. Atlas missile
experienced combustion instability again, this time in the B-2 engine. The first indication of trouble was a pressure surge in the B-2 combustion chamber
SM-65D_Atlas
Russian space launch vehicle
sabotage was ruled out. The failure was traced to high-frequency combustion instability, which had been a problem with the RD-219 engine and was also responsible
Kosmos-3M
European medium-lift space launch vehicle (1979–1986)
in a failure shortly after takeoff, which had been caused by a combustion instability that had occurred in one of the Viking first stage engines. The
Ariane_1
Topics referred to by the same term
street fundraising a form of rapid drinking. a type of rocket engine combustion instability when broken down palm muting, guitar technique This disambiguation
Chugging
Soviet space probe (Luna 1958A)
caused considerable damage to Site 1/5, was traced to high frequency combustion instability in the strap-on RD-107 engines, something that would become a persistent
Luna_E-1_No.1
Soyuz rocket design variant
RD-117/118 engines to mitigate issues like in-flight vibration and combustion instability. Complete adoption of the Soyuz-U was not achieved until 1977, when
Soyuz-U
Passing cold propellant through tubes around a rocket engine to cool it
poor conductors. This boundary layer can be destroyed however by combustion instabilities, and wall failure can follow very soon afterwards. The boundary
Regenerative cooling (rocketry)
Regenerative_cooling_(rocketry)
Vehicle propelled fully or mostly by electricity
limited range hindered mass adoption throughout the 20th century. Internal combustion engines were the dominant propulsion mechanisms for cars and trucks for
Electric_vehicle
The Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) occurs when two fluids of different density are impulsively accelerated. Normally this is by the passage of a
Richtmyer–Meshkov_instability
Chinese liquid rocket engine
development had great trouble with combustion instabilities and it took a long time to have a reliable combustion. The basic engine has been used since
YF-1
Soviet rocket engineer (1908–1989)
much more time and money to design. Glushko never did overcome the combustion instability problems of large rocket engines using kerosene propellants; his
Valentin_Glushko
American academic
premixed turbulent flame as a wrinkled flame. The classification of Combustion instabilities was first introduced by Williams and Barrère in 1969. He introduced
Forman_A._Williams
Engines used in EU rocket Ariane
failure (on second Ariane 1 flight 23 May 1980) was due to a chamber combustion instability. The vehicle had lost an attitude control and broke up. Several
Viking_(rocket_engine)
off large fragments, greatly reduces combustion efficiency and potentially contributing to combustion instability. Although it is much harder to predict
Hybrid_rocket_fuel_regression
French researcher
, « A review of active control methods for combustion instabilities », Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, (1992) 19, p. 1-29 Candel S.M. et Poinsot
Thierry_Poinsot
Research Institute in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
advanced research initiatives will focus on cryo-tank thermodynamics, combustion instability in hybrid rockets, and spacecraft thermal management. E-Summit by
IIT_Madras
South Korean rocket engine
months. There was an issue with the combustion instability of the engine, and at the time, the combustion instability issue had been resolved to some extent
KRE-075
Airbreathing jet engine designed to provide thrust by driving a fan
afterburning can approach stoichiometric temperatures as limited by combustion instabilities. The first production afterburning turbofan engine was the Pratt
Turbofan
1950s supersonic intercontinental cruise missile
performance. The Germans were never able to get this working due to combustion instability and continued using the earlier design in spite of lower performance
SM-64_Navaho
American aerospace engineer and detonation engine pioneer
Michigan known for his work in detonation physics, rocket engine combustion instability, and rotating detonation engines. He was the first researcher to
James_Arthur_Nicholls
Frequency Combustion Instability,”." Eighth Symposium (International) on Combustion. Williams and Wilkins. 1962. Tanasawa, Y. "On the Combustion Rate of
Williams_spray_equation
American aerospace engineer and aviator
F-1 engine program, overseeing a $1 billion budget. Morea called combustion instability, a major issue in the development of the F-1, "the biggest problem
Saverio_"Sonny"_Morea
United States Army missile research program
great influence on future engine development in the United States. Combustion instability problems delayed engine development. Hermes A-1 components such
Hermes_program
Liquid rocket propellant
one of the four Viking engines on the first stage developed a combustion instability which led to an engine fire, subsequent explosion and destruction
UH_25
Test Station (NOTS), where he made contributions to ignition, combustion instabilities, fuel components, and the "T-burner" method of testing. After 30
Edward_W._Price_(engineer)
Israeli-American soccer player and academic
dissertation titled "A theoretical study of nonlinear transverse combustion instability in liquid propellant rocket motors." He began his forty-year association
Ben_Zinn
Lebanese-American professor
wave propagation. Both have been used in frameworks for modeling combustion instability in rocket systems. Majdalani has also developed a mathematical framework
Joseph_Majdalani
Turbojet aircraft engine family
original electronic control system, compressor/turbine mismatches, combustion instability and control issues at altitude leading to compressor stalling The
Westinghouse_J46
gases. Combustion science and technology, 46(3-6), 167-193. Truffaut, J. M., & Searby, G. (1999). Experimental study of the Darrieus-Landau instability on
Clavin–Garcia_equation
2005 British TV series or programme
Braun has continuing difficulties with the Saturn V, especially combustion instability in the large F-1 engine, but these are ultimately overcome almost
Space_Race_(TV_series)
Manned NASA spacecraft
original pyrotechnic igniter. This would eliminate problems with combustion instability and allow the booster to be released immediately upon attaining
Mercury-Atlas_8
1950s French sounding rocket
immediately upon launch. Initially, the rocket motor suffered from combustion instability, which became a leading cause of early launch failures; furthermore
Véronique_(rocket)
American rocket engine family used on Titan missile first stages
Though the earlier tests with the LR87 were terminated due to combustion instabilities and funding restraints development of gelled fuel and oxidizers
Aerojet_LR87
Chemical compound
a major component of ammonium perchlorate composite propellant. Its instability has involved it in accidents such as the PEPCON disaster, and has been
Ammonium_perchlorate
Allen F. Donovan (M.S.), worked with NASA to solve the problem of combustion instability that affected Project Mercury, and later on the pogo oscillation
List of University of Michigan alumni
List_of_University_of_Michigan_alumni
Month of 1963
made, including problems related to longitudinal oscillations, combustion instability, and engine improvement. Died: Maurice Baker, 35, a former Dallas
December_1963
British engineer
but efforts to mitigate these emissions results in combustion instabilities. These instabilities occur due to unsteady burning of gases, which creates
Aimee_Morgans
Research laboratory in Cambridge, England
Cambridge University Engineering Department and who had developed the combustion chamber in Sir Frank Whittle jet engine used in the first British jet
Whittle_Laboratory
American rocket scientist and chemical engineer
serious instability problem during combustion that would sometimes cause catastrophic failure. In October, 1962, Dr. Klute presided over the Combustion Stability
Daniel_Klute
Type of explosion
in which a combustion process transitions from deflagration (subsonic flame propagation) to a detonation (supersonic shock-coupled combustion). In a deflagration
Deflagration to detonation transition
Deflagration_to_detonation_transition
Staged combustion is a method used to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) during combustion. There are two methods for staged combustion: air staged
Staged_combustion
Launch pad at the Guiana Space Centre
23 May 1980 14:29 Ariane 1 CAT-2 and secondary payloads Failure Combustion instability led to first stage failure and loss of vehicle during launch. 4
Ensemble_de_Lancement_Vega
American combustion scientist (1911–2011)
George H. Markstein was a combustion scientist, who has made pioneering contributions to flame theory and detonations. George H. Markstein was born in
George_H._Markstein
(8K72L) L1-10 LC-1/5, Baikonur Failure Korabl-Sputnik (Vostok) Combustion instability caused engine failure and explosion in the Blok G strap-on T+23
List of R-7 launches (1960–1964)
List_of_R-7_launches_(1960–1964)
Iranian mechanical engineer and author (1933–2025)
S. Air Force, silent propulsion systems for the U.S. Navy, and combustion instability in rockets for NASA. He also worked for Johnson and Johnson and
Ebrahim_Victory
Rocket engine that uses liquid fuels and oxidizers
propellant prior to injection into the combustion chamber. Although many other features were used to ensure that instabilities could not occur, later research
Liquid-propellant_rocket
Month of 1963
injectors, after development flights showed that the engine had combustion instability. The redesign took 18 months. On the same day, Manned Spacecraft
September_1963
Unsteady state combustion process
Pressure gain combustion (PGC) is the unsteady state process used in gas turbines in which gas expansion caused by heat release is constrained. First developed
Pressure_gain_combustion
Concept from evolutionary biology
thermal diffusion coefficient. In combustion literature, Turing instability is referred to as diffusive–thermal instability.[citation needed] The original
Turing_pattern
Failed rocket launch
in the second stage engine thrust chamber due to high-frequency combustion instability at engine shutdown. On subsequent flights, the second stage was
Vanguard_SLV-1
E stage. Blok D engine failed at liftoff due to high frequency combustion instability and broke off the stack. The rest of the vehicle flew until T+40
List of R-7 launches (1957–1959)
List_of_R-7_launches_(1957–1959)
Substance which explodes when exposed to small amounts of energy
instead of explode because they must come into contact with oxygen in the combustion reaction. However, if the compound already contains both the oxidant and
Contact_explosive
An ionization instability is any one of a category of plasma instabilities which is mediated by electron-impact ionization. In the most general sense,
Ionization_instability
Chemical compound
upon ingestion and phossy jaw from chronic ingestion or inhalation. The combustion of this form has a characteristic garlic odor, and samples are commonly
White_phosphorus
Former rocket launch site in Florida, USA
occurred, the launch of Missile 51D in March 1960, which suffered combustion instability within seconds of launch. The Atlas fell back onto LC-13 in a huge
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 13
Cape_Canaveral_Launch_Complex_13
Model in combustion
model (EBU) is used in combustion engineering. Combustion modeling has a wide range of applications. In most of the combustion systems, fuel and oxygen
Eddy_break-up_model
Hungarian-American engineer, inventor
he is the author of many publications on turbulent flames and combustion instabilities. He was the head of the Flame Research Section, Explosives and
Béla_Karlovitz
Technology, Tech. Rep. 16. Kármán, Th. von (1956). "Some remarks on combustion instability in rockets". AGARD Paper. Kármán, Th. von; Driscoll, B. J. (1956)
Theodore von Kármán bibliography
Theodore_von_Kármán_bibliography
Type of mathematical model
R(u) = u(1 − u)e-β(1-u) and 0 < β < ∞ (Zeldovich number) that arises in combustion theory, and its particular degenerate case with R(u) = u2 − u3 that is
Reaction–diffusion_system
Type of propelling nozzle
of the de Laval type) used in a rocket engine to expand and accelerate combustion products to high supersonic velocities. Simply: propellants pressurized
Rocket_engine_nozzle
Amsat-DE Intended: Molniya Amateur radio First stage failure due to combustion instability in main engine; first launch conducted by Arianespace 26 May 18:20:39
1980_in_spaceflight
1960-03-11 00:36 Atlas D 51D CCAFS LC-13 ICBM test Suborbital Failure Combustion instability in B-1 engine. Missile fell back onto the pad and exploded. 1960-04-08
List of Atlas launches (1960–1969)
List_of_Atlas_launches_(1960–1969)
Feurrad AMSAT-3A CAT-2 GTO Failure Failed to reach orbit due to combustion instability during first stage burn. 19 June 1981, 12:33 Ariane 1 L-03 Meteosat
List of Ariane launches (1979–1989)
List_of_Ariane_launches_(1979–1989)
Range of motorcycles
cylinder hemispherical combustion chamber with domed piston design of the GS engine, to a four-valve per cylinder Twin Swirl Combustion Chamber (TSCC) with
Suzuki_GSX_series
Lebanese-Greek-American mathematician
disturbances. His results have been applied to combustion systems to suppress the effects of thermoacoustic instabilities in gas turbine engines as well as propulsion
Wassim_Michael_Haddad
Standard measure of the performance of an engine or aviation fuel
standard measure of a fuel's ability to withstand compression in an internal combustion engine without causing engine knocking. The higher the octane number,
Octane_rating
Flame with temperature below about 400 °C
engine knock – the undesirable, erratic, and noisy combustion of low-octane fuels in internal combustion engines. Cool flames were accidentally discovered
Cool_flame
Pile built of accumulated spoil
high proportion of hydrocarbons or coal dust. Spontaneous subterranean combustion may result, which can be followed by surface fires. In some coal mining
Spoil_tip
Chemical or mixture used in a rocket engine
being accelerated by the pressure of the combusting gases against the combustion chamber and nozzle, not by "pushing" against the air behind or below it
Rocket_propellant
French scientist
French scientist at Aix-Marseille University, working in the field of combustion and statistical mechanics. He is the founder of Institute for Research
Paul_Clavin
concentrated solar thermal energy through thermochemical conversion and combustion. The RGD receives funding from a number of sources both public and private
Reacting Gas Dynamics Laboratory
Reacting_Gas_Dynamics_Laboratory
Type of boiler
using pulverised fuel is to use the whole volume of the furnace for the combustion of solid fuels. Coal is ground to the size of a fine grain, mixed with
Pulverized_coal-fired_boiler
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
Girl/Female
Hawaiian American Latin Slavic Spanish
Equivalent of English Lara: famous;cheerful.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Shining star
Boy/Male
British, English, Scandinavian
Medieval Given Name from Scandinavian Mythology; Water Crossing
Boy/Male
Tamil
Honey
Female
African
born in the morning (?).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from various places, for example Chipping (High) Barnet, East Barnet, and Friern Barnet in Greater London, named with Old English bærnet ‘place cleared by burning’ (a derivative of bærnan ‘to burn’, ‘to set light to’).English : from a medieval personal name, a variant of Bernard.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Geetasri | கீதாஸரீ
Bhagvat Gita
Boy/Male
Hindu
Greater knowledge, Wisdom
Girl/Female
Italian
Praised.
Female
Greek
(ΣάπφιÏα) Greek name SAPPHIRA means "sapphire." In the bible, this is the name of the wife of Ananias.
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
COMBUSTION INSTABILITY
n.
A burn or scald.
a.
Inflammable.
n.
An apparatus for studying the combustion of powder in guns, etc.
v. i.
To burn and smoke without flame; to waste away by a slow and supressed combustion.
n.
The combination of a combustible with a supporter of combustion, producing heat, and sometimes both light and heat.
n.
A black substance formed by combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of combustion, which rises in fine particles, and adheres to the sides of the chimney or pipe conveying the smoke; strictly, the fine powder, consisting chiefly of carbon, which colors smoke, and which is the result of imperfect combustion. See Smoke.
n.
A stream of gas or vapor emitting light and heat in the process of combustion; a bright flame.
n.
A vertical water space in a fire box or combustion chamber.
n.
A small particle of fire or ignited substance which is emitted by a body in combustion.
n.
Violent agitation; confusion; tumult.
n.
The state of burning.
n.
The evolution of light and heat in the combustion of bodies; combustion; state of ignition.
n. pl.
The earthy or mineral particles of combustible substances remaining after combustion, as of wood or coal.
n.
To burn with a flame or blaze; to burn as gas emitted from bodies in combustion; to blaze.
n.
To smoke; to throw off fumes, as in combustion or chemical action; to rise up, as vapor.
n.
A form of the voltaic battery having large plates, used for producing rapid and powerful combustion.
n.
The light yielded by the combustion of illuminating gas.
n.
Fuel in a state of combustion, as on a hearth, or in a stove or a furnace.
n.
The reducing of anything to ashes by combustion; cinefaction.
n.
A composition of substances which in combustion emit a suffocating odor; -- used formerly in naval warfare.